Note: The timing listed below is approximate and is based on the PBS Broadcast.
The following questions are coded based on theme: A = Adaptations, E = Ecosystems, HI = Human Impact and G = General. Use these codes to help you choose which questions or segments to focus on.
|
Introduction (2:31-4:19) |
| E |
1. How big is the Amazon rainforest? as large as the continental United States |
| E |
2. What fraction of the world's species lives in the Amazon? one-fourth |
| E |
3. How much of the world's fresh water flows from the Amazon? 20 percent |
| E |
4. How far out to sea does the Amazon influence the Atlantic Ocean? 125 miles (202 km) |
|
|
|
Ariaú Amazon Towers (5:40-7:47) |
| E |
1. When is the dry season in the Amazon? from June through November |
| E |
2. When is the wet season? from November through May |
| E |
3. At Ariaú, what is the change in the height of the river between the wet and dry seasons? 30 feet (9.1 m) |
|
|
|
Manaus (7:48-9:11) |
| G |
1. How far is the city of Manaus from the sea? more than 900 miles (1,453.5 km) |
| HI |
2. When and why did the city of Manaus come into existence? in the 1800s because of the rubber boom |
| G |
3. Over a 10-month period in the Amazon, how far will the Ocean Adventures team travel? more than 6,000 miles (9,690 km) |
| E |
4. Why is the water of the Rio Negro "black"? is stained by the trees |
|
|
|
Xixuaú Reserve (9:11-14:34) |
| E |
1. How many species of snakes are found in the Amazon? almost 200 species |
| E |
2. Out of a presumed 5,000 species of fish in the Amazon, 3,000 have been identified. |
| E |
3. How many more species of fish live in the Amazon compared with the Atlantic Ocean? twice as many |
| A |
4. Name two adaptations of the freshwater stingrays. their eyes are adapted to low light; they have a spine on their tail for defense |
| HI |
5. An "extractive reserve" means that only the people who live there can use the land's resources. |
|
|
|
Underwater (17:17-19:55) |
| E |
1. What makes the water cloudy? silt and debris |
| E |
2. What is a Matamata? a turtle |
| A |
3. How is the Matamata camouflaged in its environment? it looks like a pile of fallen leaves |
| A |
4. "The Matamata breathes through a nose like a snorkel." |
| A |
5. What happens to the worn teeth of a jacaré? they are replaced |
| HI |
6. How many jacaré have been killed for their skin in the last 50 years? 20 million |
|
|
|
Mamirauá Reserve (19:55-22:22) |
| HI |
1. What reptile has historically been the most important to the indigenous people? the turtle |
| HI |
2. Why were turtle eggs exported? for food and cooking oil |
| E |
3. Why is it important to protect turtles? by protecting turtles, we protect their beaches, which also protects other species |
| HI |
4. Why are the turtles kept for a couple of weeks after they hatch? so that they lose the smell of the egg and their shells harden |
| HI |
5. How many turtles will be released in the Mamirauá Reserve this year and what percentage will survive? 12,000 released, 30 percent will survive |
|
|
|
Biodiversity (22:23-26:08) |
| HI |
1. Why are species of animals disappearing? not enough space |
| E |
2. What portion of the rainforest needs to remain intact to preserve all of the species that live there? the whole forest |
| HI |
3. What percentage of the Amazon rainforest has been lost in the last 30 years? 17 percent |
| HI |
4. An area as large as what U.S. state has been deforested? Texas |
| HI |
5. What do trees release into the atmosphere when cut? carbon dioxide |
| HI |
6. When 30 percent to 40 percent of the Amazon has been deforested, it will pass a tipping point and become too dry to survive as a tropical rainforest. |
|
|
|
Mato Grosso / Deforestation (26:09-31:30) |
| HI |
1. Why did the farmers cut down the rainforest in the past? to gain ownership of the land |
| HI |
2. How do farmers clear the forest? by burning it |
| HI |
3. In early 2007, what did satellites record in the Amazon? 72,000 fires burning at the same time |
| HI |
4. How much wood is wasted in the process of bringing lumber to market? more than 70 percent |
| HI |
5. What percentage of logging in the Amazon is illegal? 95 percent |
| HI |
6. How much of the wood from the Amazon is exported to the United States? 50 percent |
|
|
|
Sustainable Logging (31:31-35:12) |
| HI |
1. What does "FSC" stand for? the Forest Stewardship Council |
| HI |
2. Why is eucalyptus now grown in the Amazon? it is fast-growing |
| HI |
3. What is one product made from eucalyptus? facial tissues |
| HI |
4. By law, how much of their forested property must all landowners now set aside as a reserve? 80 percent |
| HI |
5. Because of this law, what has been reduced by 50 percent in the past four years? deforestation
Note: This percentage may have changed. Deforestation in the Amazon was reported to be on the rise again after the production of this episode. |
|
|
|
Soybeans (35:13-40:57) |
| HI |
1. What is the new culprit in deforestation? soybeans |
| HI |
2. What country is the largest exporter of soy in the world? Brazil
Note: Depending on the price of soy, sometimes the United States is the largest exporter. |
| HI |
3. Where does half of the soy exported from Brazil go and for what purpose? to Europe for animal feed |
| HI |
4. What impacts do roads like BR163 and the Trans-Amazonian Highway have on the environment? more deforestation due to cattle pasture and logging |
| HI |
5. What percentage of deforestation occurs within 30 miles (48.5 km) of a road? 85 percent |
|
|
|
Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve (40:58-45:40) |
| A |
1. How does the anaconda hunt? it squeezes its prey to death and swallows it whole |
| E |
2. Name three animals the anaconda eats. deer, caimans and jaguars |
| A |
3. How often does the anaconda hunt? every few weeks or months |
| HI |
4. How has ecotourism benefited nature at the reserve? an increase in animal populations |
| HI |
5. How does ecotourism benefit people? it provides jobs |
|
Introduction (2:27-4:20) |
| G |
1. How wide is the Amazon River at its entrance? 200 miles (323 km) |
| G |
2. What is the pororoca, or tidal bore? when the ocean overpowers the river and rushes upstream |
| G |
3. How fast can the pororoca travel? 16 miles (26 km) per hour |
| HI |
4. Why is the Ocean Adventures team visiting the Amazon? to find and understand issues threatening the rainforest basin and possible solutions |
| G |
5. How many bridges cross the Amazon? none |
|
|
|
Pink River Dolphins / Botos (4:21-6:46) |
| A |
1.Why are botos pink? as a display of a male's maturity |
| HI |
2. What two things protect the dolphins? the law and mythology |
| G |
3. What was Holly's first reaction when swimming with the botos? she was scared |
| HI |
4. What did scientists recently discover fishermen were using the dolphins for? bait for catfish |
| HI |
5. What happened to the boto population as a result? their numbers declined 10 percent in five years |
|
|
|
Pirarucu Fish (6:46-11:38) |
| HI |
1. When was the pirarucu listed as endangered? 1996 |
| HI |
2. Who did scientists enlist to help count the pirarucu? fishermen |
| HI |
3. How do fishermen catch pirarucu? they pen off floating grass, then harpoon the fish |
| G |
4. What is the average size of a pirarucu? 6 feet (1.8 m) and 200 pounds (90 kg) |
| A |
5. The pirarucu are easy to catch because they have evolved to breathe air and have to surface every 15 minutes. |
| HI |
6. What now happens to every pirarucu that is caught? it is measured, weighed and tagged |
| HI |
7. What is one way the pirarucus' scales are used? as a file |
| HI |
Where does Dr. Murphy go to test the tagging system? the fish market |
|
|
|
Black Earth (11:39-13:00) |
| HI |
1. List what makes up black earth. wood, fish, animal bones and pottery shards |
| HI |
2. If we could re-create black earth, it could transform global agriculture. |
|
|
|
Indigenous People (16:21-23:26) |
| G |
1. Why did the team go to the Vale do Javari Indigenous Reserve? to witness the gathering of six tribes |
| G |
2. What do outsiders need in order to enter the reserve? a permit |
| HI |
3. What environmental issue most concerns the tribes? logging |
| HI |
4. Why don't the indigenous people cut down all of the trees? the trees have spirits and the forest takes care of them |
| HI |
5. How many indigenous people live in the Amazon? 700,000 people |
|
|
|
Overfishing and Animal Trafficking (26:32-32:05) |
| HI |
1. Due to the exploitation of the Amazon's resources, the local people now eat bread made from grains from the United States, rice from Vietnam and canned tuna from the ocean. |
| HI |
2. What happens to the fish when all of the big animals in the river are gone? there aren't anymore fish because too much vegetation grows in the river and extracts all of the nutrients, preventing light from entering the water and preventing oxygen exchange; therefore, the fish can't breathe and they don't have food |
| HI |
3. What are the lakes called that are covered in floating vegetation and why do they have that name? they are called "dead lakes" because they are devoid of fish |
| A |
4. What do some trees depend on animals for? to disperse seeds |
| HI |
5. What has happened to most of the big animals? they have been traded (for collection, fashion and as exotic pets) |
| HI |
6. Animal trafficking is the third most profitable trade in the worldwide black market. |
| HI |
7. How many animals from Brazil are taken illegally each year? 38 million |
| HI |
8. What should tourists NOT do if they see a baby animal for sale in a market? buy it |
| HI |
9. What does the Ocean Adventures team do with the confiscated margay cat? give it to the indigenous people to rehabilitate and release |
|
|
HI |
Ornamental Fish (33:11-37:14) |
| G |
1. What is an ornamental fish? a fish with a maximum length of 8 inches (20 cm), used in aquariums |
| HI |
2. How many fish species are available to export from Brazil? 300 species |
| G |
3. Why are fish that are longer than 8 inches (20 cm) not considered ornamental? they're big enough to eat |
| HI |
4. Why is it hard to enforce the laws that protect ornamental fish? because of their remote habitats |
| HI |
5. Why are some ornamental fish so expensive? they are rare and very hard to find |
| HI |
6. Why does "Dudu" think that we don't need to worry about collecting too many ornamental fish? because the Amazon is so big and no one knows the whole forest well, only a little bit of it |
|
|
|
Fish Farming (38:44-41:07) |
| HI |
1. Fish farming relieves pressure from what? overfishing in the wild |
| HI |
2. How many tons of fish can a one-acre fish farm produce each year? 3 tons |
| HI |
3. How long after they hatch do the eggs go in the incubator? 12 hours |
| E |
4. What percentage of these fish reach mature size in the wild? less than 1 percent |
| HI |
5. What is the survival rate of fish from the fish farm? 50 percent to 60 percent |
|
|
|
Climate Change (41:08-47:33) |
| HI |
1. What countries are involved in the LBA Project? Brazil, the United States and the European Union |
| HI |
2. What does Dr. Fearnside's machine measure? the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere |
| HI |
3. What is the main cause of global warming? an increase in the level of carbon dioxide |
| HI |
4. Name two causes of deforestation. roads and dams |
| HI |
5. How do dams cause deforestation? roads are built to get to the dams and dams cause flooding of the forest |
| HI |
6. How many dams are there in Brazil? 600 |
| E |
7. Where does half of the moisture for rainfall come from? trees |
| HI |
8. How do dams reduce rainfall? they cause deforestation |
| HI |
9. List some other ways dams and reservoirs affect the environment. they stop the migration of fish; fish eggs go through the turbines; methane forms in the bottom of the reservoirs |
| HI |
10. How do reservoirs produce methane gas? methane forms from decaying material at the bottom of the reservoirs |
| HI |
11. What gas has the greatest impact on global warming? methane |
| E |
12. "There is a direct link between the climate and the Amazon." |
| E |
13. How much of the world's rain falls in the Amazon? one-fifth |
| E |
14. Why do Dr. Murphy and Holly find dead fish in trees? there was a lack of oxygen in the water because there had been so little rain |
|
|
|
Qori Kalis Glacier (47:34-51:02) |
| G |
1. The Quelccaya Ice Cap in the southern Andes of Peru provides a record of annual climate since what year? a.d. 315 |
| G |
2. In the first 15 years of measuring the glacier, it retreated how much each year? 19.8 feet (6 m) per year |
| HI |
3. What is the current rate of retreat of the glacier? 198 feet (60 m) per year |
| G |
4. When was the last time the average temperature of the earth was 3 degrees higher than it is today? 3 million years ago |
| G |
5. The last time the average global temperature was that high, how high was the sea level compared with today? 82.5 feet (25 m) higher, plus or minus 33 feet (10 m) |
Note: The timing listed below is approximate and is based on the PBS Home Video DVD.
The following questions are coded based on theme: A = Adaptations, E = Ecosystems, HI = Human Impact and G = General. Use these codes to help you choose which questions or segments to focus on.
|
Introduction (2:31-4:19) |
| E |
1. How big is the Amazon rainforest? |
| E |
2. What fraction of the world's species lives in the Amazon? |
| E |
3. How much of the world's fresh water flows from the Amazon? |
| E |
4. How far out to sea does the Amazon influence the Atlantic Ocean? |
|
|
|
Ariaú Amazon Towers (5:40-7:47) |
| E |
1. When is the dry season in the Amazon? |
| E |
2. When is the wet season? |
| E |
3. At Ariaú, what is the change in the height of the river between the wet and dry seasons? |
|
|
|
Manaus (7:48-9:11) |
| G |
1. How far is the city of Manaus from the sea? |
| HI |
2. When and why did the city of Manaus come into existence? |
| G |
3. Over a 10-month period in the Amazon, how far will the Ocean Adventures team travel? |
| E |
4. Why is the water of the Rio Negro "black"? |
|
|
|
Xixuaú Reserve (9:11-14:34) |
| E |
1. How many species of snakes are found in the Amazon? |
| E |
2. Out of a presumed ________ species of fish in the Amazon, 3,000 have been identified. |
| E |
3. How many more species of fish live in the Amazon compared with the Atlantic Ocean? |
| A |
4. Name two adaptations of the freshwater stingrays. |
| HI |
5. An "extractive reserve" means that only the people who live there can use the land's _______________. |
|
|
|
Underwater (17:17-19:55) |
| E |
1. What makes the water cloudy? |
| E |
2. What is a Matamata? |
| A |
3. How is the Matamata camouflaged in its environment? |
| A |
4. "The Matamata breathes through a nose like a _____________." |
| A |
5. What happens to the worn teeth of a jacaré? |
| HI |
6. How many jacaré have been killed for their skin in the last 50 years? |
|
|
|
Mamirauá Reserve (19:55-22:22) |
| HI |
1. What reptile has historically been the most important to the indigenous people? |
| HI |
2. Why were turtle eggs exported? |
| E |
3. Why is it important to protect turtles? |
| HI |
4. Why are the turtles kept for a couple of weeks after they hatch? |
| HI |
5. How many turtles will be released in Mamirauá reserve this year and what percentage will survive? |
|
|
|
Biodiversity (22:23-26:08) |
| HI |
1. Why are species of animals disappearing? |
| E |
2. What portion of the rainforest needs to remain intact to preserve all of the species that live there? |
| HI |
3. What percentage of the Amazon's rainforest has been lost in the last 30 years? |
| HI |
4. An area as large as what U.S. state has been deforested? |
| HI |
5. What do trees release into the atmosphere when cut? |
| HI |
6. When 30 percent to 40 percent of the Amazon is deforested, it will pass a tipping point and become _________________ as a tropical rainforest. |
|
|
|
Mato Grosso / Deforestation (26:09-31:30) |
| HI |
1. Why did the farmers cut down the rainforest in the past? |
| HI |
2. How do farmers clear the forest? |
| HI |
3. In early 2007, what did satellites record in the Amazon? |
| HI |
4. How much wood is wasted in the process of bringing lumber to market? |
| HI |
5. What percentage of logging in the Amazon is illegal? |
| HI |
6. How much of the wood from the Amazon is exported to the United States? |
|
|
|
Sustainable Logging (31:31-35:12) |
| HI |
1. What does "FSC" stand for? |
| HI |
2. Why is eucalyptus now grown in the Amazon? |
| HI |
3. What is one product made from eucalyptus? |
| HI |
4. By law, how much of their forested property must all landowners now set aside as a reserve? |
| HI |
5. Because of this law, what has been reduced by 50 percent in the past four years? |
|
|
|
Soybeans (35:13-40:57) |
| HI |
1. What is the new culprit in deforestation? |
| HI |
2. What country is the largest exporter of soy in the world? |
| HI |
3. Where does half of the soy exported from Brazil go and for what purpose? |
| HI |
4. What impacts do roads like BR163 and the Trans-Amazonian Highway have on the environment? |
| HI |
5. What percentage of deforestation occurs within 30 miles (48.5 km) of a road? |
|
|
|
Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve (40:58-45:40) |
| A |
1. How does the anaconda hunt? |
| E |
2. Name three animals the anaconda eats. |
| A |
3. How often does the anaconda hunt? |
| HI |
4. How has ecotourism benefited nature at the reserve? |
| HI |
5. How does ecotourism benefit people? |
|
Introduction (2:27-4:20) |
| G |
1. How wide is the Amazon River at its entrance? |
| G |
2. What is the pororoca, or tidal bore? |
| G |
3. How fast can the pororoca travel? |
| HI |
4. Why is the Ocean Adventures team visiting the Amazon? |
| G |
5. How many bridges cross the Amazon? |
|
|
|
Pink River Dolphins/ Botos (4:21-6:46) |
| A |
1. Why are botos pink? |
| HI |
2. What two things protect the dolphins? |
| G |
3. What was Holly's first reaction when swimming with the botos? |
| HI |
4. What did scientists recently discover fishermen were using the dolphins for? |
| HI |
5. What happened to the boto population as a result? |
|
|
|
Pirarucu Fish (6:46-11:38) |
| HI |
1. When was the pirarucu listed as endangered? |
| HI |
2. Who did scientists enlist to help count the pirarucu? |
| HI |
3. How do fishermen catch pirarucu? |
| G |
4. What is the average size of a pirarucu? |
| A |
5. The pirarucu are easy to catch because they have evolved to breathe air and have to surface every ____ minutes. |
| HI |
6. What now happens to every pirarucu that is caught? |
| HI |
7. What is one way the pirarucus' scales are used? |
| HI |
8. Where does Dr. Murphy go to test the tagging system? |
|
|
|
Black Earth (11:39-13:00) |
| HI |
1. List what makes up black earth. |
| HI |
2. If we could re-create black earth, it could transform global _________________. |
|
|
|
Indigenous People (16:21-23:26) |
| G |
1. Why did the team go to the Vale do Javari Indigenous Reserve? |
| G |
2. What do outsiders need in order to enter the reserve? |
| HI |
3. What environmental issue most concerns the tribes? |
| HI |
4. Why don't the indigenous people cut down all of the trees? |
| HI |
5. How many indigenous people live in the Amazon? |
|
|
|
Overfishing and Animal Trafficking (26:32-32:05) |
| HI |
1. Due to the exploitation of the Amazon's resources, the local people now eat bread made from grains from the _______, rice from _____________ and canned tuna from the __________. |
| HI |
2. What happens to the fish when all of the big animals in the river are gone? |
| HI |
3. What are the lakes called that are covered in floating vegetation and why do they have that name? |
| A |
4. What do some trees depend on animals for? |
| HI |
5. What has happened to most of the big animals? |
| HI |
6. Animal trafficking is the _________ most profitable trade in the worldwide black market. |
| HI |
7. How many animals from Brazil are taken illegally each year? |
| HI |
8. What should tourists NOT do if they see a baby animal for sale in a market? |
| HI |
9. What does the Ocean Adventures team do with the confiscated margay cat? |
|
|
HI |
Ornamental Fish (33:11-37:14) |
| G |
1. What is an ornamental fish? |
| HI |
2. How many fish species are available to export from Brazil? |
| G |
3. Why are fish that are longer than 8 inches (20 cm) not considered ornamental? |
| HI |
4. Why is it hard to enforce the laws that protect ornamental fish? |
| HI |
5. Why are some ornamental fish so expensive? |
| HI |
6. Why does "Dudu" think that we don't need to worry about collecting too many ornamental fish? |
|
|
|
Fish Farming (38:44-41:07) |
| HI |
1. Fish farming relieves pressure from what? |
| HI |
2. How many tons of fish can a one-acre fish farm produce each year? |
| HI |
3. How long after they hatch do the eggs go in the incubator? |
| E |
4. What percentage of these fish reach mature size in the wild? |
| HI |
5. What is the survival rate of fish from the fish farm? |
|
|
|
Climate Change (41:08-47:33) |
| HI |
1. What countries are involved in the LBA Project? |
| HI |
2. What does Dr. Fearnside's machine measure? |
| HI |
3. What is the main cause of global warming? |
| HI |
4. Name two causes of deforestation. |
| HI |
5. How do dams cause deforestation? |
| HI |
6. How many dams are there in Brazil? |
| E |
7. Where does half of the moisture for rainfall come from? |
| HI |
8. How do dams reduce rainfall? |
| HI |
9. List some other ways dams and reservoirs affect the environment. |
| HI |
10. How do reservoirs produce methane gas? |
| HI |
11. What gas has the greatest impact on global warming? |
| E |
12. "There is a direct link between the climate and the _______________." |
| E |
13. How much of the world's rain falls in the Amazon? |
| E |
14. Why do Dr. Murphy and Holly find dead fish in trees? |
|
|
|
Qori Kalis Glacier (47:34-51:02) |
| G |
1. The Quelccaya Ice Cap in the Southern Andes of Peru provides a record of annual climate since what year?
|
| G |
2. In the first 15 years of measuring the glacier, it retreated how much each year? |
| HI |
3. What is the current rate of retreat of the glacier? |
| G |
4. When was the last time the average temperature of the earth was 3 degrees higher than it is today? |
| G |
5. The last time the average global temperature was that high, how high was the sea level compared with today? |
