Posted: April 25th, 2011
Escape From Auschwitz
Watch the Full Episode

The death factory at Auschwitz was a closely guarded secret of the Third Reich – until two men, Rudolph Vrba and Alfred Wetzler, escaped to tell the world about the Nazi atrocities. Escape from Auschwitz reveals the story of their escape and explores the controversial decision by the head of the Hungarian underground not to make their report public.

A Firefly Production for Thirteen/WNET New York and ITVS International in association with Five, Channel Four International and History Channel (UK).

137 Responses to “Watch the Full Episode”
  1. Freddy says:

    I manage the Yahoo! worldwide group Remember_The-Holocaust which currently has over 11,000 postings on the history of the Holocaust, genocides, human rights and tolerance education. I congratulate the producer and all others connected with that event which is indeed a most significant event in the history of the Holocaust. An event that the general public hopefully will now be acquainted with through the viewingof your program.

  2. julia says:

    Was it really such a secret. NO, it was not. Germans, Poles, Russians, French, US and England all knew about it.

  3. Jared Lipworth says:

    Thanks for the kind words Freddy. Interestingly, I was at Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Memorial museum in Israel last week and found only one tiny paragraph about this story. I’m glad we were able to go into more detail in the film

    I hope you’ll pass the broadcast info on to your group and let them know when to tune in. Also, check out the article in today’s New York Times about the series.

    http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/23/arts/television/23secr.html?ref=arts

    And a good interview about the series on the Resident Media Pundit blog. http://residentmediapundit.com/?p=518

    Thanks for watching.
    -Jared (Executive Producer, Secrets of the Dead)

  4. Jag Pop says:

    Well, I will post a reminder on certain internet newsgroups that
    I frequent. Am curious how you present the Hungarian Rudolf Kastner.
    This is just before Israel’s 60th. Any connection?

  5. emma says:

    I think it was bad what hitler did he was not thinking those poor people he killed not just jews too poles christians danes many others the jerk i have jewish friends i understand their holidays and i think it is cool

  6. emma says:

    hitler was a bad man he killed many people not just jews i have jewish friends i think jewish holidays are cool

  7. Jag Pop says:

    Aztec Massacre was the first show I happened to catch.
    A most interesting show, thanks!

    In your interview with Resident Media Pundit you suggest
    that you are seeking story ideas that shed new light on
    a moment of time.

    The “biggest story that never was” in recent times was
    the Russian dash to Pristina.

    Quote:
    “I’m not going to start the Third World War for you,” the
    British general was reported to have told General Clark
    after refusing his orders to send assault troops and
    helicopters into Pristina airport to block the Russian
    forces.

    The airport at Pristina, Yugoslavia (now the capital
    of Kosovo) had bunkers hardened against nuclear attack.
    The Russians risked a major showdown by dashing
    through Kosovo to grab those bunkers. They contained
    multi-treaty-breaking weapons, either biological or
    nuclear (my opinion and an angle never pursued by the
    news media). Something was there worth risking WWIII for.
    In planning for a cataclysmal war with the West, one
    would plan for the “day after”. Pristina would have been
    an island of safety and it’s contents a final ace or king maker.
    of safety

  8. Cynthia Southern says:

    I am excited about seeing this. It appears to be the documentary version of Vrba’s and Bestic’s book, ‘Escape from Auschwitz.’ This was also profiled in the miniseries ‘Shoah.’

  9. Marsha Sternstein says:

    My mother told me about these two men coming to her town in Slovakia (Jelsava) when she was a young adult. The stories were so horrendous that nobody believed them. The townspeople thought that they were crazy. Subsequently, my mother ended up inAuschwitz with several of her family members.

  10. philip says:

    This week, the UK removed The Holocaust from its school curriculum because it ‘offended’ the Muslim population which claims it never occurred. This is a frightening portent of the fear that is gripping the world and how easily each country is giving in to it. Now, more than ever, with Iran , among others, claiming the Holocaust to be ‘a myth,’ it is imperative to make sure the world never forgets. (from an e-mail I received today)
    We cannot let this occur ever again and must remember every one who experienced this tragedy and for those who did not live.

  11. David Bialik says:

    I wish to point out that in addition to these two extremely brave men escaping from Auschwitz there were others who also successfully escaped Auschwitz. On July 21, 1944 Jerzy Bielecki, inmate at KZ Auschwitz, disguised in a stolen SS uniform escorted himself and the jewish woman he was in love with, Cyla Cybulska, out of the camp and into freedom. Their story is well documented by authorities and by Thilo Thielkes book, “Eine Liebe in Auschwitz.”

  12. Jag Pop says:

    Philip, You should verify information before
    you trust it enough to make it your own by
    being it’s promoter.

    Did this email information appeal to a particular
    bias and world view you have? Is that why you
    fell prey to the hoax?

    Be careful what you trust and whom you trust.
    And make darn (sic) sure that you can trust yourself.
    (”The easiest person to fool is yourself”)

    Trust is one of greatest treasurers we possess. It
    is something we can teach, share and receive.

    Your post is date stamped (8:33 pm) while this “Escape
    From Auschwitz” was being aired, so it is not clear if you
    actually watched the program. If you did you would
    have heard the name Kastner, who was in a position of
    trust for the Jews of Hungary, but who deceived his
    fellow Jews and shepharded them onto the trains for
    Auschwitz. If you knew only a modest amount about
    Kastner before the program you would have been armed
    enough to recognize that you can no longer trust PBS.

    (I will not be available to converse further, Philip, for a while.)

  13. Jane McCafferty says:

    Is there going to be another showing of “Escape from Auschwitz” in the
    Alexandria, Virginia (Washington, DC) area I have a friend that missed
    it and I found it to be very moving and well done.

  14. Shelby Morrison says:

    What an inspriational story! I am encouraged to know that at least a few brave men escaped Auschwitz. I am disheartened to know that they had such a hard time getting anyone to believe them. I would like to know more about the Kastner issue.

  15. Dagmar Wertheim says:

    Dagmar Wertheim -
    On June 6, 1944, Ceslav Mordowicz (my father) and Arnost Rozin – 2 Jews who also escaped from Auschwitz on May 27, 2944, crossed the border from occupied Poland to Slovakia. Their testimony given to the Jewish community in Slovakia, validated the earlier Vrba / Wetzler testimony and was incoporated into the Auchwitz Reprot referred to in the documentary. The authorship of the report presented in the documentary should have been credited to all 4 escapees!
    Following the completion of the reprot by all four escapees, Mordowicz and Vrba met with the Vatican Nunzio, after which the reprot was sent out to the Red Cross. It needs to be noted that the Mordowicz / Rozin contribution to the report was the factual testimony which validated the Hungarian transports, as the Vrba / Wetzler testimony was given before the Hungarin transports acually arrived in Auschwitz.
    The heroism of Vrba / Wetzler and Mordowicz / Rozin is undeniable,
    It was my prividelge to personally know Vrba, Wetzler and Rozin, with all of whom my family stayed in touch as long as they were alive.
    It needs to be noted that the producres should have researched furher and credited the authorship of the report to all 4 escapees instead of singling out Vrba.
    A less edited discssion by professor Gilbert or evena simple read of Gilberts book the “Holocaust” would have revealed the correct information and facts.
    Dagmar Wertheim, nee Mordowicz – Toronto, Canada

  16. Jag Pop says:

    Dagmar,

    I feel humbled talking to someone so close to these events.

    I respectfully ask what your view of Rudolf Kastner’s lack of action is,
    and in particular your view of his actions.

  17. Celsi says:

    This was truly a horrible and unthinkable event in history. My younger sister had to watch a video (very, very graphic) on the Holocaust, and the footage was real and filmed by Nazis. It is an event that we want to forget, but without the knownledge of it, it will prevent us from being prepared for an event such as this from happening again. But, sadly, many other world events are related to this, and are happening NOW.

  18. Kevin says:

    A very touching story. Thank you.

  19. Dagmar Wertheim says:

    Jag
    I am a Child of an Auchitz esacpee and holocast survosvor. As I am not a historail I have not formulated an academic view olf Kastner, One can not be certain why Kastner acted the way he did. WWII cirdumstances have caused may peaple to act is somwhat less honorable ways. I’s like to reserve the judgemetn to the historains. The sole reason for posting my earlier commetn was to convey to the interested public and hopefully the producers of the program that Vrba was not the sole contributor to the Auschwitz reprot. I owe this to my Fathers memory.
    Dagmar Wertheim – Toronto, Canada

  20. Jag Pop says:

    Dagmar,

    Thank you for replying.

    Your stated sole purpose was to convey additional
    information about the Auschwitz Report, which you
    did, thanks.

  21. clarita davidson says:

    the atrocities are unbelievable. What guts it took for the two men to \]\]expose them.

  22. Richard says:

    I read Rudolph Vrba’s “Escape from Auschwitz” in 1975. Wow what a story. Had my kids read it. Find on Amazon

  23. Jeff says:

    After watching this program, I have been wondering what the outcome of the war would have been if, A.) This Information was acted on immediately, or B.) If nobody was able to escape from any of these Death Camps.
    I feel that it was unfortunate that the Nazis were so methodical to engineer something this unbelieveable as to raise questions in the event that somebody did escape. Vrba and Wetzler must have been so happy when the Jewish council finally believed them.

  24. judy says:

    I would like to know if these programs will be shown again. Unfortunaley, I missed all of them except for the very end of Vrba-wetzler Report. Please show the series again. Thanks

  25. B.L. Magalnick says:

    It is commendable of PBS to inform about an important historical event such as the Holocaust. As can be seen in today’s world, “forgetting the past” certainly forces us to “repeat it” if only in variations on the theme. Having said that, I have to admit I was surprised at the number of errors in the program. It is unquestionably complicated to present any single aspect of the Holocaust, but aside from so much in the way of omission, there are errors of commission. For instance, Rudolf Kaszter was neither head of the Jewish Council nor head of the Jewish community, nor even on the Jewish Council. A recent book by Anna Porter, entitled Kasztner’s Train, is a well-documented and meticulous work that discusses this subject matter, and points out that although Kasztner did not succeed on the scale he aspired to, he was no traitor. He met with the escapees from Auschwitz and, contrary to the “facts” presented in the program, he did believe them and tried to get others to believe their story. They did not. He was however instrumental in attempting to disseminate the “Auschwitz Protocols,” as the report was called, and worked with many others to attempt to stop the deportations and murders. But the initial response to the report was disbelief. By the way, Kasztner sent no train to Auschwitz (Eichmann of course did) but Kasztner in fact managed to send two trains of Jews, and not one, to freedom. He always regretted not being able to save more, but we cannot fault him for this. There are others with greater culpability in knowing and watching, and doing absolutely nothing. Kasztner came out of the war poor, so he certainly did not do his work for profit, and yet so many people said, “Why did Schindler, who was not a Jew, save so many?” And in the same breath, add, “Why didn’t Kasztner save more?” They also forget that Schindler’s Jews helped make him rich. Kasztner’s “reward” was to be assassinated in Tel Aviv after the war.

  26. Rinna says:

    The documentary, “Escape from Auschwitz” was very well done.
    I was only a part of it on Channel KPBS, and now to be able to watch it all from my computer was amazing. I am a Professional Photographer who did a Photo Documentary of Holocaust survivores several years ago. My idea was to make a book of it, however, I had to go back to work to make a living and never finished it.

    KPBS showed a all day Documentary about 5 years ago and has never shone it again. It was on the History of the Jewish People. I would like very much to receive information about it.
    I wish KPBS would play it again. Thank you
    .

  27. Nathan Abraham says:

    May 5 – Please let me know when these programs will be showing again.
    Thank you

  28. P Clausen says:

    The story of the two escapees was indeed harrowing and the atrocities quite grim, but this show, like most, only focuses on the Jewish prisoners in the camps. Except for one sentence, at the beginning, that mentioned the other groups of people confined, we never hear of the other people subjected to the same horrors. My grandfather was a prisoner in the camps and survived three years of torture and starvation. He was not Jewish, but an Italian Army officer who would not pledge allegiance to Hitler or Mussolini. For this he was arrested and put into a camp in Hungary, then Poland, and finally ending up in Germany at the end of the war. He was liberated by a Canadian Army unit and spent months in a hospital before he could walk. I never hear this in any story of the Holocaust, why? Why are these peoples suffering relegated to a single sentence? I would like to see a more inclusive telling of the whole story, don’t leave out the others form this story, they deserve to be known.

  29. carol says:

    In response to P Clausen: with all due respect for your relative’s very real suffering, I believe more attention is not paid to the other non-jewish people taken to the camps simply because they were a minority number as opposed to the 6 million jews who were interred. Those such as your relative who resisted, homosexuals and gypses are usually given little recognition not because they did not suffer but because their numbers pale in comparison to the jewish people. Hitler wanted to exterminate all lesser beings,in his mind, but the jews were his biggest foe.

  30. Nadia Rosa says:

    We watch PBS-WNED….could you let me knw when the program will be repeated in out area?
    Thanks

  31. Jag Pop says:

    There is a conspicuous lack of comments
    criticising this PBS program, Escape From
    Auschwitz. I would add the word ‘amazing!’
    (amazing conspicuous lack…), but that would be naive.

    History is the story of a distorted humanity.
    No surprise that history itself is distorted.
    A distorted history of distorted humanity.

    In our current history-making context we are mired
    in a war in the country of Iraq,
    whose invasion began with the vast majority
    of Americans so misinformed that they
    believed Saddam was involved in 9/11.
    So-called journalists played their part in
    convincing us of the danger from WMD and
    Iraq’s association with al-Qaeda.

    These so-called journalists are also participating
    in the ongoing drive to demonize and dehumanize Iran
    as a prelude to expanded warfare. (Not amazingly) the
    narrative of the Holocaust is used in this effort.
    We hear: “Ahmadenijad calls the Holocaust a myth
    and wants to wipe Israel off the map”.

    (Ironically,) PBS seems to have set out to prove
    Ahmadenijad correct! This PBS program, Escape
    from Auschwitz, buries the truth of what happened
    in Hungary in an effort to create a mythology
    favorable to the zionists and Israel. Amazing!

    Again, there is a dearth of comments critically
    analyzing this PBS program. We know the consequences
    of sheepishly accepting the words of trusted authorities.
    We have war in Iraq today, the Hungarians had trains to
    Auschwitz yesterday, and tomorrow we may have deepening
    warfare with Iran. In 2003 Iran made an offer to Bush to
    end their nuclear programs, end support for Hamas
    and recognize Israel. No surprise that our journalists
    kept these facts hidden in a drawer from you.

    It is no secret that journalism is dead.

  32. Jane CP says:

    I found out about these programs too late. Would you please let me know when they will be shown again the the Providence area?

  33. Terry says:

    I would like to thank PBS for telling the story of Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler. It is a story that too few know.

    We were friends of Rudy and his wife, but did not see much of them in recent years. We sat with them at a lunch at which Václav Klaus was speaking a few years ago and met them at a restaurant on Vancouver’s west side perhaps three years ago. We had planned to get together in the near future but….

    Rudy was very low key about his history. We had known them for several years before I heard the basics of the story, and it was almost incidental. I was driving by an open house his wife was holding (she was a real estate agent) and I dropped in to say hello. As I entered the house, Rudy was on TV, in a British ITV series called “The World at War,” and the story came out.

    I was in Abu Dhabi in March 2006 when Rudy died. I was greatly saddened by his passing and of course regretted that we did not get together again. I contacted the editor of The Economist, which has an excellent obituary column, to suggest that they publish an obituary on Rudy, but they chose not to. I did email a Canadian obituary on Rudy and some other material to perhaps 1,000 persons in my contact list. Like I said above, it is a story that too few know.

    I see in the previous posts some comment on Rudolf Kasztner. This is another story that should be told, from his life and activities in Hungary to his murder in Israel. This seems to be a controversial story with a number of variants. Adolf Eichmann apparently even discussed him in an article in Life Magazine of December 5, 1960. It would be interesting to see a full and balanced story, including the testimony and judgments at the two trials in Israel. Another PBS project, perhaps?

  34. Jag Pop says:

    Terry,

    Interesting.

    Would you care to share here some of the material you
    emailed?

  35. Lawrence Woznicki says:

    This is a facinating story. I am a history buff and I am particularly “fond” of WWII because my father was one of the first to storm the beach at Normandy. To this day I am shocked at how the holocaust could have happend. Survivors and their realtives should NEVER let mankind forget about this wholesale murder of inocents.

  36. Jim Young says:

    If you read all the reports you can, you will find a range of opinions presented as facts. I don’t worry about any single person getting it exactly right. Though this report seems authoritative, it does seem to differ from original ones that described bringing out plans of the camp and a label from a Zyklon container. What has added some food for thought is how they described convincing others that the rumors were true, when too few could actually believe how low a sophisticated population could sink. They seem to play down the hundreds of other escapes from the portion I was lucky enough to see.
    Another example I’ve found of varying reports involved a Japanese pilot, Shigenori Nishikiaichi, who landed on Niihau and received aid from Ishimatsu Shintani, Yoshio Harada, and his wife Irene before Ben Kanahele and his wife were able to overpower and kill Nishikaichi on December 13th (6 days after the attack on Pearl Harbor in this account). Different sources give different accounts, including some that seem to have far too much information, supposedly from Nishikaichi. I learned a great deal of my respect for Japanese from Joe Bak, my dad’s friend who had been captured at Corregidor, who taught me to look beyond initial reports and “established” history. Though I sympathize with the many Japanese interred during the war, many are incorrect in believing there were no instances of Japanese helping the attackers. The response was drastic overkill (probably for ulterior motives) but not totally baseless.
    I don’t need, or expect, total accuracy, or any pretense of such. A visit to Dachau shortly after the war ended, and movies like “Judgment at Nuremberg” provide my basis for action and basic beliefs. The more rabid the accusations, the more I look for other sides or alternate views. Weigh a good sample of the evidence, explore the impact of what you choose to believe before you decide how and what to act on.

  37. Steve says:

    I saw this and was moved by the entire story. Speaking of unknown stories, a movie called “Defiance” will be coming out shortly, based on the Bielski Brothers; a trio of brothers who saved over 1,200 Russian jews during the war and created the only all jewish partisan group of the war. their story is just as fantastic as Vrba’s. I read the book a while ago, but now a movie will be released. heres the URL for the trailer.

    http://www.apple.com/trailers/paramount_vantage/defiance/trailer/

  38. Carmen Kaczmarczyk says:

    When will this air again?

  39. Erica Garza says:

    I saw this show last night and was just so moved that i would like to see it again when well it be airing. I also must say that these men were very brave and lucky that they survied.I will recamend this show to everyone i know and Thank You for telling there story.

  40. Michael Hui says:

    I saw it on 50.1 KOCE tonight (Nov. 24, 10 – 11PM) but it was not listed on that station’s program listing. When will it air again on another PBS station in the L.A. metro area?

  41. Daniel ruiz says:

    I love that chanel

  42. janie fabian says:

    when will escape from auschwitz be aired in Columbus, Ohio?

  43. valerieb says:

    I would like to know if Auschwitz: Inside the Nazi State will be airing on WPSU anytime soon?

  44. Martin Kent says:

    As a documentary filmmaker, I really found the filmmakers’ blending of dramatic recreations with archival footage and stills quite effective. In 1999 I made a documentary on Oskar Schindler for the Biography series. I am currently making another Holocaust-themed documentary, called Years Later We Would Remember. More info for those interested on the website of the same name, with dot com at the end. The goal of the film is to promote tolerance.

  45. Bella1998 says:

    I am ashamed of what Hitler did. And my 6th grade class is reading Number The Stars, by Lois Lawry and if this is interesting to you, I reccomend this book. It really get you thinking about what it was like in those times for the Jewish!

  46. Bella1998 says:

    I am ashamed of what Hitler did. And my 6th grade class is reading Number The Stars, by Lois Lawry and if this is interesting to you, I reccomend this book. It really get you thinking about what it was like in those times for the Jewish!

  47. jojo jackson says:

    Ze nazi’z vere my vovorite characzerz in zis ztory

  48. keith dillon says:

    This story is very funny and good i

  49. colin felce says:

    Only found that a distant family member died in auschwitz a few months ago(1944 margit felce-jelsava,slovakia)we didnt know that we had any jewish roots,finding it impossible to collect any information to enable a visit of respect in slovakia.

  50. lee-anne says:

    One cannot forget what these people suffered. Although I am not jewish, I still feel sad that this happened. Let us not forget and hope to God it will never happened AGAIN!

  51. vishal says says:

    HITLER HAVE TO PAY FOR THIS. GOD WILL NEVER FORGIVE SUCH MAN.

  52. RW says:

    I am traveling to Poland this summer. Thank you for this story.

  53. Brahmin says:

    I am a very educated woman and I had not heard of this story. Thank you. I cannot imagine these choices not even Kastner’s.

  54. Tasha says:

    This video was very sad. I’m proud of all the Jews that survived and I just want to say Thank You for posting this video. I’m in 6th grade and my class is learning about the time of Hitler and his doings. My class is reading “Number The Stars” by Lois Lowry, I reccomend this book if you like this video. Thanks.

    Tasha

  55. giovanni says:

    Lies.

  56. Samantha says:

    Amazing story !!! I never knew about these two men ! They deserved to be honered for their bravery ! So glad they did. This must never happen ever, ever again ! So incredibly sad, and deceptive. Hitler was insane, and possessed in his spirit for sure to do such evil against innocent people. Who thinks like that ? Mentally insane behavior. My heart aches for them all, they were all God’s choosen people. : – (

  57. Tod T.bare says:

    Great n Thanks. Cool article Keep walking.I just added your site to my bookmark page.

  58. Per Torbensen says:

    Thanks for the movie,it must never be forgotten,thanks to Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler ,two brave men with
    great courage.

  59. Walter says:

    another jewish propaganda; look at those KAPO they say ss-guards,jew like to kill jew

  60. KurtRex1453 says:

    A great program. Beneficial. Necessary. A sterling contribution to holocaust media.

  61. Anna says:

    I wish someone would do more stories like this! Get them into the main stream theatres so those who don’t believe or haven’t read about it will never forget. There was no social media and the pictures that we see now are assumed to be fake by the non-believers. My uncle was one of the soldiers who went into a concentration camp and I didn’t know what he saw until after he passed away. I hope others will know sooner.

  62. tariq says:

    Only a few days ago I saw a documentary on German TV about the very issue. It was called “Flucht in die Freiheit – Auschwitz” ( Escape into freedom – Auschwitz -[German translations - bad as always..])
    Broadcasted on April 25th the channel is PHOENIX. So one should be able to find it on the net.
    Very touching indeed makes you wanna bash some nazis.

  63. Dr. F. C. Ellenburg says:

    What a story. All people should see this. Specifically the young .I can relate. My family came from Germany and I have visited Dachau. oh Lordy, the feeling I have watching this film.

  64. Debby says:

    Walter,
    I suppose my Grandfather was lying when he had to flee the Nazis from Poland. I suppose the Germans were lyng when they produced one of the greatest Holocaust memorials in Berlin, The Jewish Museum. I suppose the Nuremburg Trials were fabricated. I suppose my Grandparents from Russia didn’t have to flee becuase of the Nazi invasion. I suppose all of the people who posted here are lying…
    The ignorance and HATE that consumes you is extremely disappointing and sad.

  65. Ulrich Besemann says:

    Given the fact that the hour was entirely devoted to a position publicizing the much repeated view of matters concerning the concentration camps , I believe it is incumbent upon the network to now allow those with other views a forum.

  66. Sebastian says:

    It might have been more accurate to place this documentary in a wider historical context. The escape Rudolph Vrba and Alfred Wetzlertook place in April of 1944. By then a report on Nazi extermination camps was already available to the allies courtesy of Jan Karski. The west knew what was going on. They just chose not to do anything about it. It seems it was not different with Rudolph Vrba and Alfred Wetzler report. It is amazing that such devotion to truth was met with such indifference. Allies later continued this tradition of indifference by turning over a third of Europe to opression by the Stalin regime… It goes to the character of our democracy for noble ideals to be acted upon when we face huge challenges. Unfortunately, time and time again this is not so.

    Here is an excerpt on Karski from Wikipedia:

    In 1942 Karski was selected by Cyryl Ratajski, the Polish Government’s Delegate at Home, to perform a secret mission to prime minister W?adys?aw Sikorski in London. Karski was to contact Sikorski as well as various other Polish politicians and inform them about Nazi atrocities in occupied Poland. In order to gather evidence, Karski met Bund activist Leon Feiner and was twice smuggled by Jewish underground leaders into the Warsaw Ghetto for the purpose of showing him firsthand what was happening to the Polish Jews. Also, disguised as a Ukrainian camp guard, he visited what he thought was Be??ec death camp.[3]

    In 1942 Karski reported to the Polish, British and U.S. governments on the situation in Poland, especially the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto and the Holocaust of the Jews. He had also carried from Poland a microfilm with further informations from the Underground Movement on the extermination of European Jews in German occupied Poland. The Polish Foreign Minister, Count Edward Raczynski, provided the Allies on this basis with one of the earliest and most accurate accounts of the Holocaust. A note by Foreign Minister Edward Raczynski entitled The mass extermination of Jews in German occupied Poland, addressed to the Governments of the United Nations on 10 December 1942, would be published later along with other documents in a widely distributed leaflet.[4]

    Karski met with Polish politicians in exile including the prime minister, as well as members of political parties such as the PPS, SN, SP, SL, Jewish Bund and Poalei Zion. He also spoke to Anthony Eden, the British foreign secretary, and included a detailed statement on what he had seen in Warsaw and Be??ec. In 1943 in London he met the then much known journalist Arthur Koestler. He then traveled to the United States and reported to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. His report was a major factor in prompting the West. In July 1943, Karski again personally reported to Roosevelt about the situation in Poland. During their meeting Roosevelt suddenly interrupted his report and asked about the condition of horses in occupied Poland.[5][6] [7]

    Karski met with many other government and civic leaders in the United States, including Felix Frankfurter, Cordell Hull, William Joseph Donovan, and Stephen Wise. Frankfurter, skeptical of Karski’s report, said later “I did not say that he was lying, I said that I could not believe him. There is a difference.”[8] Karski presented his report to media, bishops of various denominations (including Cardinal Samuel Stritch), members of the Hollywood film industry and artists, but without success.

  67. IvanaV says:

    Some people will not believe it even if you put them right on the transport itself…… until the gas start coming out of the showerheads! (And I am sure there were some of them there, too!)
    I never quite understood why in 1949, in my 1st grade, we were taken for a class excursion to the nearby Theresienstadt and it’s “LIttle fortress”, which served as a detention centre during the war, before transports were sent to Germany. The blood on the walls of interrogation rooms was still original, if not too fresh by then. The ash around the owens still contained particles of people burned there. I had had quite a few nightmares for some time after this, but it wasn’t untill I came to Canada and personally met few people who quite openly proclaimed in my presence that neither the Holocaust, nor Stalins’ Gulag were as bad as some would want us believe, that I understood the purpose behind our early visit. I remember it quite clearly to this day, and I wasn’t too young to understand what happened there! So that even if it was the majority of people spouting such idiotic nonsense afterwards, I would know the extent of horror humans are capable of and would never discount the possibility of it happening again! Now, in my advanced years I also leared the extent to which some individuals are capable of denying “their nose between their eyes” as Czechs say.

  68. Kate Judge says:

    I met Rudie Vrba about 20 years ago though I knew nothing of his past when I met him. I met a man with a sense of humour and kindness and it was not until after his death that I knew anything of what he had been through as a young man. I attended a lecture at UBC where he had been a professor of mathematics for many years and from what I remember from the lecture this seems to be a faithful account of his escape and the skepticism and outright denial that he encountered not only from those in power but many of individuals he encountered throughout his life. Many could not conceive of the scale of the horror that happened in the concentration camps. I think that people still have trouble accepting the deliberate cruelty that men can inflict on their fellow man.

  69. George Espinosa says:

    This is the second time I watched this program and cannot get enough. With profound sorrow to how this story played out. This history is something that needs to be broadcasted more than what is on television nowadays. I have never heard of this story until now. What an amazing story. For so many years I always questioned why the jews never fought back. But seeing this and seeing how they were misled by the Nazis answers many questions. Rudolph Vrba and Alfred Wetzler are heroes, and those are the kind of people we ought to be reading about in history classes. WOW, what great bravery, and commitment to getting the word out about the atrocities the Nazis were doing.

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  73. Frank says:

    I have read (studied) “I cannot forgive” as wel as any other eyewitness accounts of KZ Auschwitz. I have been able to cross-reference events described by Rudy Vrba through other books. Some points of interest and further discussion based on these accounts are:
    1. How such small numbers of Nazi guard personnel were able to keep the gas chambers and furnaces (and pits where the bodies were burned) for such an entended period of time. For example, there were only a handful of guards (in shifts) needed to keep Krema 2, 3, and 5 going, of course with the help of the sonderkommando.
    2. How the extermination of the Jews had evolved from shooting by einsatzkommando units, to the “Rheinhard” vernichtung lager camps, to Auschwitz-Birkenau with ever-increasing witnesses. The witnessing of shooting by civilians in the east, photograps and film, and radio intercepts of status reports by the allies.

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    In most parts of the world, Arabs and Jews are able to live together in peace, respecting each other. People may worry about Arab Sharia law, or Al Qaeda or the Taliban, where those extremists think all non-Arabs should be killed, where women are made into second class citizens, etc…but that’s only a very small minority of the Arab population. Extremists of any faith, or ideology, are usually “not right in the head” and and need to be stopped from whatever crazy ideas push them.

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