FOUNDATION.

FOUNDATION.

♪ FOUNDATION.

♪ [ SIRENS ] ♪ [ SIRENS ] [ GUNSHOTS ] >> BRAZIL IS A SERIES OF >> BRAZIL IS A SERIES OF CONTRADICTIONS.

>> BRAZIL IS A SERIES OF CONTRADICTIONS.

IT IS THE WORLD'S SECOND-LARGEST CONTRADICTIONS.

IT IS THE WORLD'S SECOND-LARGEST EMERGING ECONOMY.

IT IS THE WORLD'S SECOND-LARGEST EMERGING ECONOMY.

UNEMPLOYMENT IS LOW.

EMERGING ECONOMY.

UNEMPLOYMENT IS LOW.

A DECADE OF HEADY GROWTH AND UNEMPLOYMENT IS LOW.

A DECADE OF HEADY GROWTH AND PROGRESSIVE SOCIAL POLICIES HAS A DECADE OF HEADY GROWTH AND PROGRESSIVE SOCIAL POLICIES HAS REDUCED GLARING DISCREPANCIES PROGRESSIVE SOCIAL POLICIES HAS REDUCED GLARING DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN RICH AND POOR, TO THE REDUCED GLARING DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN RICH AND POOR, TO THE POINT WHERE NOW HALF THE BETWEEN RICH AND POOR, TO THE POINT WHERE NOW HALF THE POPULATION IS MIDDLE-CLASS.

POINT WHERE NOW HALF THE POPULATION IS MIDDLE-CLASS.

BUT THE HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF POPULATION IS MIDDLE-CLASS.

BUT THE HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE LIVING IN POVERTY IN RIO BUT THE HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE LIVING IN POVERTY IN RIO DE JANEIRO'S SHANTYTOWNS OR PEOPLE LIVING IN POVERTY IN RIO DE JANEIRO'S SHANTYTOWNS OR FAVELAS, HAVE BEEN LEFT BEHIND, DE JANEIRO'S SHANTYTOWNS OR FAVELAS, HAVE BEEN LEFT BEHIND, CONCRETE AND CORRUGATED METAL FAVELAS, HAVE BEEN LEFT BEHIND, CONCRETE AND CORRUGATED METAL SHACKS PERCH ONE ATOP ANOTHER ON CONCRETE AND CORRUGATED METAL SHACKS PERCH ONE ATOP ANOTHER ON THE HILLSIDES ABOVE RIO.

SHACKS PERCH ONE ATOP ANOTHER ON THE HILLSIDES ABOVE RIO.

THEY ARE THE LOCUS OF MUCH OF THE HILLSIDES ABOVE RIO.

THEY ARE THE LOCUS OF MUCH OF THE VIOLENCE.

THEY ARE THE LOCUS OF MUCH OF THE VIOLENCE.

GANG ON GANG, MILITIA ON GANG THE VIOLENCE.

GANG ON GANG, MILITIA ON GANG AND GANG ON MILITIA VIOLENCE GANG ON GANG, MILITIA ON GANG AND GANG ON MILITIA VIOLENCE CONFIRM CULTURAL NOTIONS OF AND GANG ON MILITIA VIOLENCE CONFIRM CULTURAL NOTIONS OF HYPER-MASCULINITY.

CONFIRM CULTURAL NOTIONS OF HYPER-MASCULINITY.

BRAZILIAN CULTURE IS RIFE WITH HYPER-MASCULINITY.

BRAZILIAN CULTURE IS RIFE WITH VIOLENCE AND IT COMES FROM ALL BRAZILIAN CULTURE IS RIFE WITH VIOLENCE AND IT COMES FROM ALL SIDES.

VIOLENCE AND IT COMES FROM ALL SIDES.

IT COMES FROM THE PETTY SIDES.

IT COMES FROM THE PETTY CARTELS, TO THE GOVERNMENT.

IT COMES FROM THE PETTY CARTELS, TO THE GOVERNMENT.

TO THE GOVERNMENT.

CARTELS, TO THE GOVERNMENT.

TO THE GOVERNMENT.

BRAZIL CLAIMS THE GLOBE'S TO THE GOVERNMENT.

BRAZIL CLAIMS THE GLOBE'S SEVENTH-HIGHEST HOMICIDE RATE.

BRAZIL CLAIMS THE GLOBE'S SEVENTH-HIGHEST HOMICIDE RATE.

VIOLENCE AND MURDER HAVE SEVENTH-HIGHEST HOMICIDE RATE.

VIOLENCE AND MURDER HAVE REMAINED STUBBORNLY HIGH EVEN VIOLENCE AND MURDER HAVE REMAINED STUBBORNLY HIGH EVEN THOUGH THE POLICE STARTED TO REMAINED STUBBORNLY HIGH EVEN THOUGH THE POLICE STARTED TO WREST CONTROL OF MANY OF THE THOUGH THE POLICE STARTED TO WREST CONTROL OF MANY OF THE FAVELAS FROM DRUG LORDS THAT IN WREST CONTROL OF MANY OF THE FAVELAS FROM DRUG LORDS THAT IN ADVANCE OF BRAZIL HOSTING THE FAVELAS FROM DRUG LORDS THAT IN ADVANCE OF BRAZIL HOSTING THE 2014 WORLD CUP AND RIO HOSTING ADVANCE OF BRAZIL HOSTING THE 2014 WORLD CUP AND RIO HOSTING THE 2016 SUMMER OLYMPICS.

2014 WORLD CUP AND RIO HOSTING THE 2016 SUMMER OLYMPICS.

IN THE SO-CALLED PACIFICATION THE 2016 SUMMER OLYMPICS.

IN THE SO-CALLED PACIFICATION MOVEMENT, POORLY TRAINED, IN THE SO-CALLED PACIFICATION MOVEMENT, POORLY TRAINED, LOW-PAID MILITARY POLICE USE MOVEMENT, POORLY TRAINED, LOW-PAID MILITARY POLICE USE TANKS, HELICOPTER GUNSHIPS AND LOW-PAID MILITARY POLICE USE TANKS, HELICOPTER GUNSHIPS AND ASSAULT WEAPONS TO ANNIHILATE TANKS, HELICOPTER GUNSHIPS AND ASSAULT WEAPONS TO ANNIHILATE DRUG DEALERS AND TO OCCUPY ASSAULT WEAPONS TO ANNIHILATE DRUG DEALERS AND TO OCCUPY FAVELAS.

DRUG DEALERS AND TO OCCUPY FAVELAS.

POLICE ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR 15% FAVELAS.

POLICE ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR 15% OF ALL HOMICIDES, SOMETIMES POLICE ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR 15% OF ALL HOMICIDES, SOMETIMES SUMMARY EXECUTIONS, IN RIO.

OF ALL HOMICIDES, SOMETIMES SUMMARY EXECUTIONS, IN RIO.

LITTLE BOYS RAISED IN FAVELAS SUMMARY EXECUTIONS, IN RIO.

LITTLE BOYS RAISED IN FAVELAS GET THE MESSAGE: SUCCESS MEANS LITTLE BOYS RAISED IN FAVELAS GET THE MESSAGE: SUCCESS MEANS BECOMING A DRUG DEALER AND GET THE MESSAGE: SUCCESS MEANS BECOMING A DRUG DEALER AND SURVIVAL REQUIRES CARRYING A BECOMING A DRUG DEALER AND SURVIVAL REQUIRES CARRYING A WEAPON, THE BIGGER, THE BETTER.

SURVIVAL REQUIRES CARRYING A WEAPON, THE BIGGER, THE BETTER.

LITTLE GIRLS HAVE ONE WAY OUT OF WEAPON, THE BIGGER, THE BETTER.

LITTLE GIRLS HAVE ONE WAY OUT OF INTENSE POVERTY; BECOME A LITTLE GIRLS HAVE ONE WAY OUT OF INTENSE POVERTY; BECOME A GANGSTER'S GIRLFRIEND.

INTENSE POVERTY; BECOME A GANGSTER'S GIRLFRIEND.

IN THIS SEEMINGLY IMPOSSIBLE GANGSTER'S GIRLFRIEND.

IN THIS SEEMINGLY IMPOSSIBLE ENVIRONMENT, SOME ARE WORKING TO IN THIS SEEMINGLY IMPOSSIBLE ENVIRONMENT, SOME ARE WORKING TO COUNTER CULTURAL TRENDS.

ENVIRONMENT, SOME ARE WORKING TO COUNTER CULTURAL TRENDS.

A REVOLUTIONARY IDEA IS TAKING COUNTER CULTURAL TRENDS.

A REVOLUTIONARY IDEA IS TAKING HOLD, SLOWLY OF COURSE, AND A REVOLUTIONARY IDEA IS TAKING HOLD, SLOWLY OF COURSE, AND AGAINST A TSUNAMI OF MEDIA AND HOLD, SLOWLY OF COURSE, AND AGAINST A TSUNAMI OF MEDIA AND OTHER CULTURAL INFLUENCES THAT AGAINST A TSUNAMI OF MEDIA AND OTHER CULTURAL INFLUENCES THAT WORSHIP VIOLENCE.

OTHER CULTURAL INFLUENCES THAT WORSHIP VIOLENCE.

BUT THERE IS ANOTHER WAY.

WORSHIP VIOLENCE.

BUT THERE IS ANOTHER WAY.

SOME SAY, THE FINAL PHASE OF BUT THERE IS ANOTHER WAY.

SOME SAY, THE FINAL PHASE OF FEMINISM IS BRINGING MEN INTO SOME SAY, THE FINAL PHASE OF FEMINISM IS BRINGING MEN INTO THE GENDER EQUALITY PROCESS.

FEMINISM IS BRINGING MEN INTO THE GENDER EQUALITY PROCESS.

AND ONLY THEN CAN WOMEN BECOME THE GENDER EQUALITY PROCESS.

AND ONLY THEN CAN WOMEN BECOME FULLY EQUAL.

AND ONLY THEN CAN WOMEN BECOME FULLY EQUAL.

LETTING THEM SEE ALL THE WORK FULLY EQUAL.

LETTING THEM SEE ALL THE WORK THAT WOMEN DO IN THE HOME AND LETTING THEM SEE ALL THE WORK THAT WOMEN DO IN THE HOME AND LETTING THEM EXPERIENCE THE JOYS THAT WOMEN DO IN THE HOME AND LETTING THEM EXPERIENCE THE JOYS AND THE BURDENS OF FULL-FLEDGED LETTING THEM EXPERIENCE THE JOYS AND THE BURDENS OF FULL-FLEDGED PARENTING.

AND THE BURDENS OF FULL-FLEDGED PARENTING.

THIS IS THE GOAL OF PROMUNDO, A PARENTING.

THIS IS THE GOAL OF PROMUNDO, A NON-PROFIT LAUNCHED IN RIO TO THIS IS THE GOAL OF PROMUNDO, A NON-PROFIT LAUNCHED IN RIO TO WORK WITH LOCAL LEADERS TO NON-PROFIT LAUNCHED IN RIO TO WORK WITH LOCAL LEADERS TO TRANSFORM FAVELA CULTURE.

WORK WITH LOCAL LEADERS TO TRANSFORM FAVELA CULTURE.

IN ITS MENCARE CAMPAIGN TEACHES TRANSFORM FAVELA CULTURE.

IN ITS MENCARE CAMPAIGN TEACHES MEN THAT BEING A REAL MAN DOES IN ITS MENCARE CAMPAIGN TEACHES MEN THAT BEING A REAL MAN DOES NOT INCLUDE BEATING UP WOMEN AND MEN THAT BEING A REAL MAN DOES NOT INCLUDE BEATING UP WOMEN AND CHILDREN, BUT IS ALL ABOUT BEING NOT INCLUDE BEATING UP WOMEN AND CHILDREN, BUT IS ALL ABOUT BEING A STRONG FATHER AND EQUAL CHILDREN, BUT IS ALL ABOUT BEING A STRONG FATHER AND EQUAL CAREGIVER WITH HIS INTIMATE A STRONG FATHER AND EQUAL CAREGIVER WITH HIS INTIMATE PARTNER.

CAREGIVER WITH HIS INTIMATE PARTNER.

AND TO QUESTION THE UNDERLYING PARTNER.

AND TO QUESTION THE UNDERLYING ROOT CAUSES AND INEQUALITY - AND TO QUESTION THE UNDERLYING ROOT CAUSES AND INEQUALITY - BOTH THOSE RELATED TO GENDER AND ROOT CAUSES AND INEQUALITY - BOTH THOSE RELATED TO GENDER AND THOSE RELATED TO POVERTY - THAT BOTH THOSE RELATED TO GENDER AND THOSE RELATED TO POVERTY - THAT DRIVE THE VIOLENCE.

THOSE RELATED TO POVERTY - THAT DRIVE THE VIOLENCE.

TO CALL ATTENTION TO THE 50,000 DRIVE THE VIOLENCE.

TO CALL ATTENTION TO THE 50,000 MURDERS A YEAR IN BRAZIL, MOST TO CALL ATTENTION TO THE 50,000 MURDERS A YEAR IN BRAZIL, MOST OF THOSE YOUNG, MALE, AND OF MURDERS A YEAR IN BRAZIL, MOST OF THOSE YOUNG, MALE, AND OF AFRICAN DESCENT.

OF THOSE YOUNG, MALE, AND OF AFRICAN DESCENT.

SOME HAVE CALLED IT BRAZIL'S AFRICAN DESCENT.

SOME HAVE CALLED IT BRAZIL'S GENOCIDE.

SOME HAVE CALLED IT BRAZIL'S GENOCIDE.

SO HOW DO THEY GET FROM HERE TO GENOCIDE.

SO HOW DO THEY GET FROM HERE TO THERE, FROM CRIME AND VIOLENCE SO HOW DO THEY GET FROM HERE TO THERE, FROM CRIME AND VIOLENCE AS A DAILY REALITY, TO LOVE, THERE, FROM CRIME AND VIOLENCE AS A DAILY REALITY, TO LOVE, NON-VIOLENCE, FAMILY AND AS A DAILY REALITY, TO LOVE, NON-VIOLENCE, FAMILY AND EGALITARIANISM?

NON-VIOLENCE, FAMILY AND EGALITARIANISM?

HERE ARE THE STORIES OF TWO MEN EGALITARIANISM?

HERE ARE THE STORIES OF TWO MEN WHO MADE THE JOURNEY.

HERE ARE THE STORIES OF TWO MEN WHO MADE THE JOURNEY.

MARCIO AND GILSON FUMACA BOTH WHO MADE THE JOURNEY.

MARCIO AND GILSON FUMACA BOTH COME FROM THIS FAVELA, SANTA MARCIO AND GILSON FUMACA BOTH COME FROM THIS FAVELA, SANTA MARTA, BUT THEY TRAVELLED VERY COME FROM THIS FAVELA, SANTA MARTA, BUT THEY TRAVELLED VERY DIFFERENT PATHS.

MARTA, BUT THEY TRAVELLED VERY DIFFERENT PATHS.

GILSON DA SILVA GOES BY THE DIFFERENT PATHS.

GILSON DA SILVA GOES BY THE NICKNAME FUMAÇA OR SMOKE.

GILSON DA SILVA GOES BY THE NICKNAME FUMAÇA OR SMOKE.

HE GREW UP, AS DO 40% OF NICKNAME FUMAÇA OR SMOKE.

HE GREW UP, AS DO 40% OF CHILDREN IN THE FAVELAS, HE GREW UP, AS DO 40% OF CHILDREN IN THE FAVELAS, WITNESSING OR EXPERIENCING CHILDREN IN THE FAVELAS, WITNESSING OR EXPERIENCING VIOLENCE IN HIS HOME.

WITNESSING OR EXPERIENCING VIOLENCE IN HIS HOME.

>> THERE WERE MANY FIGHTS.

VIOLENCE IN HIS HOME.

>> THERE WERE MANY FIGHTS.

MY FATHER WAS AN ALCOHOLIC.

>> THERE WERE MANY FIGHTS.

MY FATHER WAS AN ALCOHOLIC.

HE LOST HIS JOB BECAUSE HE MY FATHER WAS AN ALCOHOLIC.

HE LOST HIS JOB BECAUSE HE SMOKED AND DRANK SO MUCH AND HE LOST HIS JOB BECAUSE HE SMOKED AND DRANK SO MUCH AND THEN HE COULDN'T FIND ANOTHER SMOKED AND DRANK SO MUCH AND THEN HE COULDN'T FIND ANOTHER JOB.

THEN HE COULDN'T FIND ANOTHER JOB.

SO HE WOULD BREAK THINGS AT JOB.

SO HE WOULD BREAK THINGS AT HOME.

SO HE WOULD BREAK THINGS AT HOME.

THINGS WERE BAD ENOUGH WHEN HE HOME.

THINGS WERE BAD ENOUGH WHEN HE WAS WORKING BUT WHEN HE LOST HIS THINGS WERE BAD ENOUGH WHEN HE WAS WORKING BUT WHEN HE LOST HIS JOB THERE WERE EVEN MORE FIGHTS.

WAS WORKING BUT WHEN HE LOST HIS JOB THERE WERE EVEN MORE FIGHTS.

THERE WERE MANY FIGHTS, MANY JOB THERE WERE EVEN MORE FIGHTS.

THERE WERE MANY FIGHTS, MANY FIGHTS IN MY CHILDHOOD AND THERE WERE MANY FIGHTS, MANY FIGHTS IN MY CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE.

FIGHTS IN MY CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE.

>> BECAUSE OF DIFFERENT FAMILY ADOLESCENCE.

>> BECAUSE OF DIFFERENT FAMILY PROBLEMS, I ALWAYS FOUGHT A LOT >> BECAUSE OF DIFFERENT FAMILY PROBLEMS, I ALWAYS FOUGHT A LOT WITH ALL OF MY GIRLFRIENDS.

PROBLEMS, I ALWAYS FOUGHT A LOT WITH ALL OF MY GIRLFRIENDS.

THERE WERE MANY BEATINGS; I WITH ALL OF MY GIRLFRIENDS.

THERE WERE MANY BEATINGS; I WOULD BEAT THEM UP.

THERE WERE MANY BEATINGS; I WOULD BEAT THEM UP.

AND I ENDED UP WITH THREE MARIA WOULD BEAT THEM UP.

AND I ENDED UP WITH THREE MARIA DA PENHA VIOLATIONS FROM THE AND I ENDED UP WITH THREE MARIA DA PENHA VIOLATIONS FROM THE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN.

DA PENHA VIOLATIONS FROM THE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN.

I WOULD FIGHT BECAUSE I WAS VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN.

I WOULD FIGHT BECAUSE I WAS JEALOUS.

I WOULD FIGHT BECAUSE I WAS JEALOUS.

I WOULD FIGHT FOR ANYTHING AND JEALOUS.

I WOULD FIGHT FOR ANYTHING AND FOR NOTHING.

I WOULD FIGHT FOR ANYTHING AND FOR NOTHING.

AND THEN THINGS WOULD DEGENERATE FOR NOTHING.

AND THEN THINGS WOULD DEGENERATE INTO SHOUTING AND HITTING.

AND THEN THINGS WOULD DEGENERATE INTO SHOUTING AND HITTING.

>> FUMAÇA WAS CHARGED WITH INTO SHOUTING AND HITTING.

>> FUMAÇA WAS CHARGED WITH VIOLATING BRAZIL'S MARIA DA >> FUMAÇA WAS CHARGED WITH VIOLATING BRAZIL'S MARIA DA PENHA LAW, ENACTED IN 2006.

VIOLATING BRAZIL'S MARIA DA PENHA LAW, ENACTED IN 2006.

BEFORE THAT, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE PENHA LAW, ENACTED IN 2006.

BEFORE THAT, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE WAS AGAINST THE LAW, BUT TREATED BEFORE THAT, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE WAS AGAINST THE LAW, BUT TREATED LESS SERIOUSLY BY POLICE AND THE WAS AGAINST THE LAW, BUT TREATED LESS SERIOUSLY BY POLICE AND THE COURTS.

LESS SERIOUSLY BY POLICE AND THE COURTS.

DA PENHA'S EX-HUSBAND TRIED COURTS.

DA PENHA'S EX-HUSBAND TRIED TWICE TO KILL HER, THE FIRST DA PENHA'S EX-HUSBAND TRIED TWICE TO KILL HER, THE FIRST TIME LANDING HER IN A TWICE TO KILL HER, THE FIRST TIME LANDING HER IN A WHEELCHAIR, THE SECOND BY TIME LANDING HER IN A WHEELCHAIR, THE SECOND BY ELECTROCUTING HER IN THE SHOWER.

WHEELCHAIR, THE SECOND BY ELECTROCUTING HER IN THE SHOWER.

A JUDGE THREATENED FUMAÇA WITH A ELECTROCUTING HER IN THE SHOWER.

A JUDGE THREATENED FUMAÇA WITH A VERY LONG JAIL SENTENCE IF A JUDGE THREATENED FUMAÇA WITH A VERY LONG JAIL SENTENCE IF FUMAÇA APPEARED BEFORE HIM VERY LONG JAIL SENTENCE IF FUMAÇA APPEARED BEFORE HIM AGAIN.

FUMAÇA APPEARED BEFORE HIM AGAIN.

FUMAÇA DECIDED IT WAS TIME FOR A AGAIN.

FUMAÇA DECIDED IT WAS TIME FOR A CHANGE.

FUMAÇA DECIDED IT WAS TIME FOR A CHANGE.

THAT, AND HE WAS BECOMING A CHANGE.

THAT, AND HE WAS BECOMING A TOPIC OF NEIGHBORHOOD GOSSIP.

THAT, AND HE WAS BECOMING A TOPIC OF NEIGHBORHOOD GOSSIP.

>> I WAS BORN AND RAISED HERE TOPIC OF NEIGHBORHOOD GOSSIP.

>> I WAS BORN AND RAISED HERE AND EVERYBODY KNOWS ME, SO >> I WAS BORN AND RAISED HERE AND EVERYBODY KNOWS ME, SO ANYTHING I WOULD DO, PEOPLE AND EVERYBODY KNOWS ME, SO ANYTHING I WOULD DO, PEOPLE WOULD KNOW ALL ABOUT IT.

ANYTHING I WOULD DO, PEOPLE WOULD KNOW ALL ABOUT IT.

IT WAS AWFUL FOR ME, EXTREMELY WOULD KNOW ALL ABOUT IT.

IT WAS AWFUL FOR ME, EXTREMELY IRRITATING KNOWING THAT, IT WAS AWFUL FOR ME, EXTREMELY IRRITATING KNOWING THAT, WHEN PEOPLE SAW MY GIRLFRIEND IRRITATING KNOWING THAT, WHEN PEOPLE SAW MY GIRLFRIEND WITH A BLACK EYE THEY WERE WHEN PEOPLE SAW MY GIRLFRIEND WITH A BLACK EYE THEY WERE THINKING, "OH, FUMACA AND HER WITH A BLACK EYE THEY WERE THINKING, "OH, FUMACA AND HER HAD ANOTHER FIGHT AND HE PUNCHED THINKING, "OH, FUMACA AND HER HAD ANOTHER FIGHT AND HE PUNCHED HER IN THE EYE."

HAD ANOTHER FIGHT AND HE PUNCHED HER IN THE EYE."

OR THEY'RE GOSSIPING: "DID YOU HER IN THE EYE."

OR THEY'RE GOSSIPING: "DID YOU SEE THAT?

OR THEY'RE GOSSIPING: "DID YOU SEE THAT?

THEY'RE AT IT AGAIN, HAVING YET SEE THAT?

THEY'RE AT IT AGAIN, HAVING YET ANOTHER FIGHT!"

THEY'RE AT IT AGAIN, HAVING YET ANOTHER FIGHT!"

OR THEY SAY: "HE GOT KICKED OUT ANOTHER FIGHT!"

OR THEY SAY: "HE GOT KICKED OUT AND HAS TO GO TO HIS MOTHER'S OR THEY SAY: "HE GOT KICKED OUT AND HAS TO GO TO HIS MOTHER'S HOUSE AGAIN" AND HAS TO GO TO HIS MOTHER'S HOUSE AGAIN" ALL THAT FELT BAD.

HOUSE AGAIN" ALL THAT FELT BAD.

IT WAS NO FUN.

ALL THAT FELT BAD.

IT WAS NO FUN.

>> HE ALSO HEARD ABOUT PROMUNDO IT WAS NO FUN.

>> HE ALSO HEARD ABOUT PROMUNDO WHICH CARRIED OUT COMMUNITY >> HE ALSO HEARD ABOUT PROMUNDO WHICH CARRIED OUT COMMUNITY CAMPAIGNS AND OFFERED GROUP WHICH CARRIED OUT COMMUNITY CAMPAIGNS AND OFFERED GROUP EDUCATION FOR MEN SEEKING CAMPAIGNS AND OFFERED GROUP EDUCATION FOR MEN SEEKING CHANGE.

EDUCATION FOR MEN SEEKING CHANGE.

ONE OF THE CHALLENGES WAS CHANGE.

ONE OF THE CHALLENGES WAS RECRUITING MEN FOR THE GROUPS.

ONE OF THE CHALLENGES WAS RECRUITING MEN FOR THE GROUPS.

TO RESOLVE THAT, PROMUNDO RECRUITING MEN FOR THE GROUPS.

TO RESOLVE THAT, PROMUNDO DANGLES THE PROSPECT OF FREE TO RESOLVE THAT, PROMUNDO DANGLES THE PROSPECT OF FREE MEMBERSHIP IN AN AMATEUR SOCCER DANGLES THE PROSPECT OF FREE MEMBERSHIP IN AN AMATEUR SOCCER LEAGUE IN FRONT OF THEM, IF THE MEMBERSHIP IN AN AMATEUR SOCCER LEAGUE IN FRONT OF THEM, IF THE MEN COMMIT TO TRYING TO CHANGE.

LEAGUE IN FRONT OF THEM, IF THE MEN COMMIT TO TRYING TO CHANGE.

IN OTHER WORDS: "YOU STAY, YOU MEN COMMIT TO TRYING TO CHANGE.

IN OTHER WORDS: "YOU STAY, YOU GET TO PLAY."

IN OTHER WORDS: "YOU STAY, YOU GET TO PLAY."

>> THEY HAD AN ELABORATE GET TO PLAY."

>> THEY HAD AN ELABORATE STRATEGY, VERY SNEAKY.

>> THEY HAD AN ELABORATE STRATEGY, VERY SNEAKY.

THEY HAD A FOUR-MONTH SOCCER STRATEGY, VERY SNEAKY.

THEY HAD A FOUR-MONTH SOCCER TOURNAMENT AT THE RIO DE THEY HAD A FOUR-MONTH SOCCER TOURNAMENT AT THE RIO DE JANEIRO, SANTA MARTA CLINIC, TOURNAMENT AT THE RIO DE JANEIRO, SANTA MARTA CLINIC, EVERY SUNDAY.

JANEIRO, SANTA MARTA CLINIC, EVERY SUNDAY.

THEY WOULD GIVE YOU A SOCCER EVERY SUNDAY.

THEY WOULD GIVE YOU A SOCCER UNIFORM, THEY WOULD GIVE YOU THEY WOULD GIVE YOU A SOCCER UNIFORM, THEY WOULD GIVE YOU EVERYTHING.

UNIFORM, THEY WOULD GIVE YOU EVERYTHING.

THE CATCH WAS THAT IF YOU WANTED EVERYTHING.

THE CATCH WAS THAT IF YOU WANTED TO PLAY SOCCER ON SUNDAY YOU HAD THE CATCH WAS THAT IF YOU WANTED TO PLAY SOCCER ON SUNDAY YOU HAD TO ATTEND A BUNCH OF WORKSHOPS.

TO PLAY SOCCER ON SUNDAY YOU HAD TO ATTEND A BUNCH OF WORKSHOPS.

SO, IF A GUY DIDN'T GO TO THE TO ATTEND A BUNCH OF WORKSHOPS.

SO, IF A GUY DIDN'T GO TO THE WORKSHOPS DURING THE WEEK, ON SO, IF A GUY DIDN'T GO TO THE WORKSHOPS DURING THE WEEK, ON SUNDAY "MR. SOCCER" COULDN'T WORKSHOPS DURING THE WEEK, ON SUNDAY "MR. SOCCER" COULDN'T PLAY.

SUNDAY "MR. SOCCER" COULDN'T PLAY.

>> HE JOINED THE GROUP SESSIONS PLAY.

>> HE JOINED THE GROUP SESSIONS RELUCTANTLY, BUT ONCE THERE, >> HE JOINED THE GROUP SESSIONS RELUCTANTLY, BUT ONCE THERE, FOUND THE FIRST PLACE HE EVER RELUCTANTLY, BUT ONCE THERE, FOUND THE FIRST PLACE HE EVER FELT SAFE TALKING ABOUT HIS FOUND THE FIRST PLACE HE EVER FELT SAFE TALKING ABOUT HIS PROBLEMS.

FELT SAFE TALKING ABOUT HIS PROBLEMS.

>> WE ALWAYS ENDED UP TALKING PROBLEMS.

>> WE ALWAYS ENDED UP TALKING ABOUT THE SAME THING.

>> WE ALWAYS ENDED UP TALKING ABOUT THE SAME THING.

EACH WORKSHOP, NO MATTER WHAT ABOUT THE SAME THING.

EACH WORKSHOP, NO MATTER WHAT THE TOPIC, WOULD LEAD TO EACH WORKSHOP, NO MATTER WHAT THE TOPIC, WOULD LEAD TO DISCUSSING VIOLENCE AGAINST THE TOPIC, WOULD LEAD TO DISCUSSING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN.

DISCUSSING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN.

>> THE SESSIONS, PART GROUP WOMEN.

>> THE SESSIONS, PART GROUP DISCUSSION AND PART TALK >> THE SESSIONS, PART GROUP DISCUSSION AND PART TALK THERAPY, HELPED HIM REALIZE HOW DISCUSSION AND PART TALK THERAPY, HELPED HIM REALIZE HOW HE WAS DAMAGING THE PEOPLE HE THERAPY, HELPED HIM REALIZE HOW HE WAS DAMAGING THE PEOPLE HE LOVED AND HIMSELF HE WAS DAMAGING THE PEOPLE HE LOVED AND HIMSELF >> IT WAS A QUESTION OF BEING LOVED AND HIMSELF >> IT WAS A QUESTION OF BEING AUTHORITARIAN, OF WANTING TO BE >> IT WAS A QUESTION OF BEING AUTHORITARIAN, OF WANTING TO BE BETTER AND MORE IMPORTANT THAN AUTHORITARIAN, OF WANTING TO BE BETTER AND MORE IMPORTANT THAN WOMEN.

BETTER AND MORE IMPORTANT THAN WOMEN.

OFTEN I WOULD TREAT WOMEN AS IF WOMEN.

OFTEN I WOULD TREAT WOMEN AS IF THEY WERE MY SON OR DAUGHTER OR OFTEN I WOULD TREAT WOMEN AS IF THEY WERE MY SON OR DAUGHTER OR NEPHEW, AND I WANTED THEM TO BE THEY WERE MY SON OR DAUGHTER OR NEPHEW, AND I WANTED THEM TO BE SUBSERVIENT.

NEPHEW, AND I WANTED THEM TO BE SUBSERVIENT.

IF THEY WOULDN'T DO THAT, THEN I SUBSERVIENT.

IF THEY WOULDN'T DO THAT, THEN I CONSIDERED THEM VIOLENT AND IF THEY WOULDN'T DO THAT, THEN I CONSIDERED THEM VIOLENT AND ARROGANT.

CONSIDERED THEM VIOLENT AND ARROGANT.

THIS CAUSED PROBLEMS AND FIGHTS.

ARROGANT.

THIS CAUSED PROBLEMS AND FIGHTS.

>> HE WENT TO SCORES OF THIS CAUSED PROBLEMS AND FIGHTS.

>> HE WENT TO SCORES OF WORKSHOPS AND TRAINING SESSIONS.

>> HE WENT TO SCORES OF WORKSHOPS AND TRAINING SESSIONS.

NOW HE'S VERY PROUD OF WHO HE WORKSHOPS AND TRAINING SESSIONS.

NOW HE'S VERY PROUD OF WHO HE HAS BECOME.

NOW HE'S VERY PROUD OF WHO HE HAS BECOME.

>> I DO EVERYTHING AT HOME NOW.

HAS BECOME.

>> I DO EVERYTHING AT HOME NOW.

I TOOK MY CHILDREN TO THE MOTHER >> I DO EVERYTHING AT HOME NOW.

I TOOK MY CHILDREN TO THE MOTHER AND CHILD CLINIC.

I TOOK MY CHILDREN TO THE MOTHER AND CHILD CLINIC.

WHEN MY GIRLFRIEND WAS PREGNANT AND CHILD CLINIC.

WHEN MY GIRLFRIEND WAS PREGNANT AND WANTED TO EAT PINEAPPLE WHEN MY GIRLFRIEND WAS PREGNANT AND WANTED TO EAT PINEAPPLE EARLY IN THE MORNING, I WENT OUT AND WANTED TO EAT PINEAPPLE EARLY IN THE MORNING, I WENT OUT AND BOUGHT IT.

EARLY IN THE MORNING, I WENT OUT AND BOUGHT IT.

WHEN SHE WANTED TO EAT A BROWNIE AND BOUGHT IT.

WHEN SHE WANTED TO EAT A BROWNIE I WENT OUT AND BOUGHT IT.

WHEN SHE WANTED TO EAT A BROWNIE I WENT OUT AND BOUGHT IT.

I TOOK THE CHILDREN TO THE I WENT OUT AND BOUGHT IT.

I TOOK THE CHILDREN TO THE DOCTOR'S.

I TOOK THE CHILDREN TO THE DOCTOR'S.

I CHANGED THEIR DIAPERS.

DOCTOR'S.

I CHANGED THEIR DIAPERS.

I GAVE THEM BATHS.

I CHANGED THEIR DIAPERS.

I GAVE THEM BATHS.

I TOOK THEM FOR WALKS.

I GAVE THEM BATHS.

I TOOK THEM FOR WALKS.

ALL OF MY FOUR BIOLOGICAL I TOOK THEM FOR WALKS.

ALL OF MY FOUR BIOLOGICAL CHILDREN TOOK THEIR FIRST STEPS ALL OF MY FOUR BIOLOGICAL CHILDREN TOOK THEIR FIRST STEPS WITH ME, THEY ALWAYS COUNTED ON CHILDREN TOOK THEIR FIRST STEPS WITH ME, THEY ALWAYS COUNTED ON ME, NOT ON THEIR MOTHERS.

WITH ME, THEY ALWAYS COUNTED ON ME, NOT ON THEIR MOTHERS.

THEY WOULD ALWAYS ASK FOR ME.

ME, NOT ON THEIR MOTHERS.

THEY WOULD ALWAYS ASK FOR ME.

>> MÁRCIO CHAGAS DA PAZ WAS THEY WOULD ALWAYS ASK FOR ME.

>> MÁRCIO CHAGAS DA PAZ WAS ALSO RAISED IN A HOME RIVEN WITH >> MÁRCIO CHAGAS DA PAZ WAS ALSO RAISED IN A HOME RIVEN WITH ALCOHOLISM AND BRUTALITY.

ALSO RAISED IN A HOME RIVEN WITH ALCOHOLISM AND BRUTALITY.

HIS FATHER LEFT MARCIO AND HIS ALCOHOLISM AND BRUTALITY.

HIS FATHER LEFT MARCIO AND HIS MOTHER AND FIVE DAUGHTERS WHEN HIS FATHER LEFT MARCIO AND HIS MOTHER AND FIVE DAUGHTERS WHEN MARCIO WAS ONLY THREE.

MOTHER AND FIVE DAUGHTERS WHEN MARCIO WAS ONLY THREE.

BUT BEFORE HE LEFT, HE DAMAGED MARCIO WAS ONLY THREE.

BUT BEFORE HE LEFT, HE DAMAGED HIS CHILDREN PSYCHOLOGICALLY IN BUT BEFORE HE LEFT, HE DAMAGED HIS CHILDREN PSYCHOLOGICALLY IN WAYS THAT LINGER LONG AFTER HIS HIS CHILDREN PSYCHOLOGICALLY IN WAYS THAT LINGER LONG AFTER HIS DEATH.

WAYS THAT LINGER LONG AFTER HIS DEATH.

>> SOMETIMES HE WOULD COME HOME DEATH.

>> SOMETIMES HE WOULD COME HOME ALREADY DRUNK, HALF DRUNK, AND >> SOMETIMES HE WOULD COME HOME ALREADY DRUNK, HALF DRUNK, AND BREAK THINGS.

ALREADY DRUNK, HALF DRUNK, AND BREAK THINGS.

EVERYTHING HE COULD LAY HIS BREAK THINGS.

EVERYTHING HE COULD LAY HIS HANDS ON.

EVERYTHING HE COULD LAY HIS HANDS ON.

HE WOULD THROW EVERYTHING ON THE HANDS ON.

HE WOULD THROW EVERYTHING ON THE FLOOR.

HE WOULD THROW EVERYTHING ON THE FLOOR.

AND HE OFTEN BEAT UP MY MOTHER.

FLOOR.

AND HE OFTEN BEAT UP MY MOTHER.

ONCE WHEN SHE OPENED THE DOOR HE AND HE OFTEN BEAT UP MY MOTHER.

ONCE WHEN SHE OPENED THE DOOR HE PUNCHED HER IN THE FACE.

ONCE WHEN SHE OPENED THE DOOR HE PUNCHED HER IN THE FACE.

HER FACE WAS SWOLLEN FOR A WEEK.

PUNCHED HER IN THE FACE.

HER FACE WAS SWOLLEN FOR A WEEK.

HER EYES WERE CLOSED.

HER FACE WAS SWOLLEN FOR A WEEK.

HER EYES WERE CLOSED.

SHE COULDN'T LEAVE THE HOUSE FOR HER EYES WERE CLOSED.

SHE COULDN'T LEAVE THE HOUSE FOR A WEEK BECAUSE SHE COULDN'T SEE.

SHE COULDN'T LEAVE THE HOUSE FOR A WEEK BECAUSE SHE COULDN'T SEE.

>> MARCIO'S FATHER FORMED A WEEK BECAUSE SHE COULDN'T SEE.

>> MARCIO'S FATHER FORMED ANOTHER FAMILY AND MOVED FAR >> MARCIO'S FATHER FORMED ANOTHER FAMILY AND MOVED FAR AWAY.

ANOTHER FAMILY AND MOVED FAR AWAY.

>> SO WE LOST ANY CHANCE OF AWAY.

>> SO WE LOST ANY CHANCE OF BEING CLOSE.

>> SO WE LOST ANY CHANCE OF BEING CLOSE.

SO, WE DIDN'T HAVE A CLOSE BEING CLOSE.

SO, WE DIDN'T HAVE A CLOSE RELATIONSHIP.

SO, WE DIDN'T HAVE A CLOSE RELATIONSHIP.

WE RARELY SPOKE.

RELATIONSHIP.

WE RARELY SPOKE.

WE ONLY SPOKE WHEN NECESSARY.

WE RARELY SPOKE.

WE ONLY SPOKE WHEN NECESSARY.

>> MARCIO DECIDED HE WANTED TO WE ONLY SPOKE WHEN NECESSARY.

>> MARCIO DECIDED HE WANTED TO BE THE TYPE OF FATHER HE NEVER >> MARCIO DECIDED HE WANTED TO BE THE TYPE OF FATHER HE NEVER HAD, CLOSE, LOVING, INVOLVED AND BE THE TYPE OF FATHER HE NEVER HAD, CLOSE, LOVING, INVOLVED AND CONCERNED.

HAD, CLOSE, LOVING, INVOLVED AND CONCERNED.

BUT HE DIDN'T KNOW HOW.

CONCERNED.

BUT HE DIDN'T KNOW HOW.

HE FOUND OUT ABOUT PROMUNDO AND BUT HE DIDN'T KNOW HOW.

HE FOUND OUT ABOUT PROMUNDO AND STARTED ATTENDING MEETINGS.

HE FOUND OUT ABOUT PROMUNDO AND STARTED ATTENDING MEETINGS.

>> I REALIZED GUYS WHO WERE BIG STARTED ATTENDING MEETINGS.

>> I REALIZED GUYS WHO WERE BIG AND STRONG COULD BREAK DOWN.

>> I REALIZED GUYS WHO WERE BIG AND STRONG COULD BREAK DOWN.

THERE WERE GUYS IN THE GROUP WHO AND STRONG COULD BREAK DOWN.

THERE WERE GUYS IN THE GROUP WHO WOULD MELT LIKE BUTTER, CRYING THERE WERE GUYS IN THE GROUP WHO WOULD MELT LIKE BUTTER, CRYING AS THEY TELL THEIR STORIES ABOUT WOULD MELT LIKE BUTTER, CRYING AS THEY TELL THEIR STORIES ABOUT THEIR FATHERS AND HOW MUCH THEY AS THEY TELL THEIR STORIES ABOUT THEIR FATHERS AND HOW MUCH THEY MISS THEM.

THEIR FATHERS AND HOW MUCH THEY MISS THEM.

THEY ALSO TALKED ABOUT PROBLEMS MISS THEM.

THEY ALSO TALKED ABOUT PROBLEMS IN THEIR LIFE NOW.

THEY ALSO TALKED ABOUT PROBLEMS IN THEIR LIFE NOW.

I BEGAN TO REALIZE THAT THE IN THEIR LIFE NOW.

I BEGAN TO REALIZE THAT THE SUPPORT GROUP IN ITSELF WAS I BEGAN TO REALIZE THAT THE SUPPORT GROUP IN ITSELF WAS STRONGER THAN ME, THAN US.

SUPPORT GROUP IN ITSELF WAS STRONGER THAN ME, THAN US.

THAT WAS AN EPIPHANY.

STRONGER THAN ME, THAN US.

THAT WAS AN EPIPHANY.

A BREAKTHROUGH, THE TURNING THAT WAS AN EPIPHANY.

A BREAKTHROUGH, THE TURNING POINT FOR ME BEING A DIFFERENT A BREAKTHROUGH, THE TURNING POINT FOR ME BEING A DIFFERENT KIND OF FATHER TO MY SON.

POINT FOR ME BEING A DIFFERENT KIND OF FATHER TO MY SON.

YOU CAN SEE PEOPLE WALKING KIND OF FATHER TO MY SON.

YOU CAN SEE PEOPLE WALKING AROUND AND THEY SEEM TO BE FINE, YOU CAN SEE PEOPLE WALKING AROUND AND THEY SEEM TO BE FINE, THEY ALL SEEM HAPPY, BUT AT AROUND AND THEY SEEM TO BE FINE, THEY ALL SEEM HAPPY, BUT AT TIMES THERE IS A KNOT INSIDE THEY ALL SEEM HAPPY, BUT AT TIMES THERE IS A KNOT INSIDE THAT EATS THEM UP.

TIMES THERE IS A KNOT INSIDE THAT EATS THEM UP.

AND WHEN YOU SEE THAT GUY, THAT THAT EATS THEM UP.

AND WHEN YOU SEE THAT GUY, THAT FRIEND OF YOURS WHO CRIED, WHO AND WHEN YOU SEE THAT GUY, THAT FRIEND OF YOURS WHO CRIED, WHO MELTED DOWN, THEN YOU SHOUT: FRIEND OF YOURS WHO CRIED, WHO MELTED DOWN, THEN YOU SHOUT: "THAT'S GREAT!," "THAT'S GREAT" MELTED DOWN, THEN YOU SHOUT: "THAT'S GREAT!," "THAT'S GREAT" THAT SUDDENLY THAT BURDEN WAS "THAT'S GREAT!," "THAT'S GREAT" THAT SUDDENLY THAT BURDEN WAS LIFTED FROM HIS CHEST, THOSE THAT SUDDENLY THAT BURDEN WAS LIFTED FROM HIS CHEST, THOSE TEARS DESTROYED THAT BIG, "HEAVY LIFTED FROM HIS CHEST, THOSE TEARS DESTROYED THAT BIG, "HEAVY SHELL," THAT FAÇADE THAT WE ALL TEARS DESTROYED THAT BIG, "HEAVY SHELL," THAT FAÇADE THAT WE ALL SEE FROM THE OUTSIDE.

SHELL," THAT FAÇADE THAT WE ALL SEE FROM THE OUTSIDE.

AND TODAY I SEE A DIFFERENT SEE FROM THE OUTSIDE.

AND TODAY I SEE A DIFFERENT PERSON.

AND TODAY I SEE A DIFFERENT PERSON.

>> BECOMING THAT NEW PERSON IS PERSON.

>> BECOMING THAT NEW PERSON IS DIFFICULT AND MARCIO SAYS NOT >> BECOMING THAT NEW PERSON IS DIFFICULT AND MARCIO SAYS NOT EVERYONE HAS THE CAPACITY TO DIFFICULT AND MARCIO SAYS NOT EVERYONE HAS THE CAPACITY TO CHANGE.

EVERYONE HAS THE CAPACITY TO CHANGE.

PEOPLE CAN CHANGE, BUT IT WON'T CHANGE.

PEOPLE CAN CHANGE, BUT IT WON'T HAPPEN IF THIS MENTALITY IS PEOPLE CAN CHANGE, BUT IT WON'T HAPPEN IF THIS MENTALITY IS DEEP-ROOTED.

HAPPEN IF THIS MENTALITY IS DEEP-ROOTED.

IT'S LIKE TRYING TO UPROOT A DEEP-ROOTED.

IT'S LIKE TRYING TO UPROOT A VOLCANO.

IT'S LIKE TRYING TO UPROOT A VOLCANO.

>> MARCIO UPROOTED HIS OWN VOLCANO.

>> MARCIO UPROOTED HIS OWN VOLCANO BY ALLOWING HIS FATHER >> MARCIO UPROOTED HIS OWN VOLCANO BY ALLOWING HIS FATHER BACK INTO HIS LIFE.

VOLCANO BY ALLOWING HIS FATHER BACK INTO HIS LIFE.

>> AND WE TALKED AS IF WE WERE BACK INTO HIS LIFE.

>> AND WE TALKED AS IF WE WERE GOOD, TRUE FRIENDS.

THEN AFTER THAT, HE WAS HERE.

THEN AFTER THAT, HE WAS HERE.

WITH MY SON.

THEN AFTER THAT, HE WAS HERE.

WITH MY SON.

HE LEFT AND -- AND A WEEK LATER WITH MY SON.

HE LEFT AND -- AND A WEEK LATER HE PASSED AWAY.

HE LEFT AND -- AND A WEEK LATER HE PASSED AWAY.

THE GOOD THING ABOUT ALL THIS HE PASSED AWAY.

THE GOOD THING ABOUT ALL THIS WAS THE FACT THAT I WAS ABLE TO THE GOOD THING ABOUT ALL THIS WAS THE FACT THAT I WAS ABLE TO FORGIVE MY FATHER, AND I THINK WAS THE FACT THAT I WAS ABLE TO FORGIVE MY FATHER, AND I THINK THAT, IF I HADN'T GONE TO THOSE FORGIVE MY FATHER, AND I THINK THAT, IF I HADN'T GONE TO THOSE TALKS, THOSE WORKSHOPS, TODAY I THAT, IF I HADN'T GONE TO THOSE TALKS, THOSE WORKSHOPS, TODAY I WOULD FEEL GUILTY, IF MY FATHER TALKS, THOSE WORKSHOPS, TODAY I WOULD FEEL GUILTY, IF MY FATHER DIED AND I HADN'T FORGIVEN HIM.

WOULD FEEL GUILTY, IF MY FATHER DIED AND I HADN'T FORGIVEN HIM.

HE NEVER GAVE ME A HUG.

DIED AND I HADN'T FORGIVEN HIM.

HE NEVER GAVE ME A HUG.

AND THAT DAY HE HUGGED ME AS HE HE NEVER GAVE ME A HUG.

AND THAT DAY HE HUGGED ME AS HE SAID GOODBYE TO ME.

AND THAT DAY HE HUGGED ME AS HE SAID GOODBYE TO ME.

I LOST THAT UGLY FEELING TOWARD SAID GOODBYE TO ME.

I LOST THAT UGLY FEELING TOWARD HIM.

I LOST THAT UGLY FEELING TOWARD HIM.

I DIDN'T RESENT MY FATHER ANY HIM.

I DIDN'T RESENT MY FATHER ANY MORE.

I DIDN'T RESENT MY FATHER ANY MORE.

>> THIS FORGIVENESS ALLOWED MORE.

>> THIS FORGIVENESS ALLOWED MARCIO TO BE THE KIND OF FATHER >> THIS FORGIVENESS ALLOWED MARCIO TO BE THE KIND OF FATHER HE ALWAYS CRAVED.

MARCIO TO BE THE KIND OF FATHER HE ALWAYS CRAVED.

>> I AM VERY CLOSE TO MY SON.

HE ALWAYS CRAVED.

>> I AM VERY CLOSE TO MY SON.

I SEE HOW SWEET HE IS WITH ME.

>> I AM VERY CLOSE TO MY SON.

I SEE HOW SWEET HE IS WITH ME.

SO I MEAN TO DO THE RIGHT THINGS I SEE HOW SWEET HE IS WITH ME.

SO I MEAN TO DO THE RIGHT THINGS FOR HIM, THE THINGS I'VE ALWAYS SO I MEAN TO DO THE RIGHT THINGS FOR HIM, THE THINGS I'VE ALWAYS WANTED TO DO, I'M ACTUALLY DOING FOR HIM, THE THINGS I'VE ALWAYS WANTED TO DO, I'M ACTUALLY DOING WITH HIM.

WANTED TO DO, I'M ACTUALLY DOING WITH HIM.

OBVIOUSLY, I CAN'T GIVE HIM WITH HIM.

OBVIOUSLY, I CAN'T GIVE HIM EVERYTHING, BUT I THINK THE MAIN OBVIOUSLY, I CAN'T GIVE HIM EVERYTHING, BUT I THINK THE MAIN THING IS THE LOVE, ATTENTION, EVERYTHING, BUT I THINK THE MAIN THING IS THE LOVE, ATTENTION, AND AFFECTION THAT I FEEL FOR THING IS THE LOVE, ATTENTION, AND AFFECTION THAT I FEEL FOR HIM.

AND AFFECTION THAT I FEEL FOR HIM.

>> MARCIO AND HIS WIFE PLANNED HIM.

>> MARCIO AND HIS WIFE PLANNED VERY CAREFULLY FOR THEIR SON.

>> MARCIO AND HIS WIFE PLANNED VERY CAREFULLY FOR THEIR SON.

THEY DECIDED TO HAVE JUST ONE VERY CAREFULLY FOR THEIR SON.

THEY DECIDED TO HAVE JUST ONE EVERYTHING HE WOULD NEED.

THEY DECIDED TO HAVE JUST ONE EVERYTHING HE WOULD NEED.

>> THANK GOD THAT VERÔNICA, MY EVERYTHING HE WOULD NEED.

>> THANK GOD THAT VERÔNICA, MY WIFE, AND I ARE ABLE TO TAKE >> THANK GOD THAT VERÔNICA, MY WIFE, AND I ARE ABLE TO TAKE GOOD CARE OF OUR SON.

WIFE, AND I ARE ABLE TO TAKE GOOD CARE OF OUR SON.

WE PAY FOR A GOOD SCHOOL FOR GOOD CARE OF OUR SON.

WE PAY FOR A GOOD SCHOOL FOR HIM.

WE PAY FOR A GOOD SCHOOL FOR HIM.

THANK GOD WE CAN PROVIDE FOR HIM.

THANK GOD WE CAN PROVIDE FOR HIM.

THANK GOD WE CAN PROVIDE FOR HIM.

>> MARCIO AND VERONICA BOTH HIM.

>> MARCIO AND VERONICA BOTH WORK, HE AS A COMMUNITY >> MARCIO AND VERONICA BOTH WORK, HE AS A COMMUNITY ORGANIZER AND SHE IN TWO WORK, HE AS A COMMUNITY ORGANIZER AND SHE IN TWO PART-TIME JOBS, ONE AS A TOUR ORGANIZER AND SHE IN TWO PART-TIME JOBS, ONE AS A TOUR GUIDE.

PART-TIME JOBS, ONE AS A TOUR GUIDE.

IN A SETTING WHERE WOMEN ARE GUIDE.

IN A SETTING WHERE WOMEN ARE SEEN AS THE PRINCIPLE IN A SETTING WHERE WOMEN ARE SEEN AS THE PRINCIPLE CAREGIVERS, HAVING A HUSBAND WHO SEEN AS THE PRINCIPLE CAREGIVERS, HAVING A HUSBAND WHO SHARES THE CARE WORK IS STILL CAREGIVERS, HAVING A HUSBAND WHO SHARES THE CARE WORK IS STILL RELATIVELY RARE.

SHARES THE CARE WORK IS STILL RELATIVELY RARE.

IN THERAPY MARCIO LEARNED RELATIVELY RARE.

IN THERAPY MARCIO LEARNED BECOMING A GOOD PARENT AND IN THERAPY MARCIO LEARNED BECOMING A GOOD PARENT AND HUSBAND INCLUDED RECOGNIZING HIS BECOMING A GOOD PARENT AND HUSBAND INCLUDED RECOGNIZING HIS WIFE'S CIVIL RIGHTS, TO GET AN HUSBAND INCLUDED RECOGNIZING HIS WIFE'S CIVIL RIGHTS, TO GET AN EDUCATION AND TO EARN HER OWN WIFE'S CIVIL RIGHTS, TO GET AN EDUCATION AND TO EARN HER OWN INCOME.

EDUCATION AND TO EARN HER OWN INCOME.

>> IT IS NOT VERY COMMON FOR MEN INCOME.

>> IT IS NOT VERY COMMON FOR MEN TO STAY MARRIED WITH THE SAME >> IT IS NOT VERY COMMON FOR MEN TO STAY MARRIED WITH THE SAME WIFE FOREVER.

TO STAY MARRIED WITH THE SAME WIFE FOREVER.

MY FATHER LEFT.

WIFE FOREVER.

MY FATHER LEFT.

HE LEFT MY MOTHER ALONE WITH MY FATHER LEFT.

HE LEFT MY MOTHER ALONE WITH FIVE DAUGHTERS.

HE LEFT MY MOTHER ALONE WITH FIVE DAUGHTERS.

I DID NOT WANT TO SUFFER LIKE MY FIVE DAUGHTERS.

I DID NOT WANT TO SUFFER LIKE MY MOTHER DID.

I DID NOT WANT TO SUFFER LIKE MY MOTHER DID.

I DID NOT WANT TO BE BEATEN UP MOTHER DID.

I DID NOT WANT TO BE BEATEN UP BY A DRUNKEN HUSBAND.

I DID NOT WANT TO BE BEATEN UP BY A DRUNKEN HUSBAND.

>> IT TAKES A LOT MORE THAN BY A DRUNKEN HUSBAND.

>> IT TAKES A LOT MORE THAN GROUP EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY >> IT TAKES A LOT MORE THAN GROUP EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY CAMPAIGNS TO GET THE MEN OF THE GROUP EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY CAMPAIGNS TO GET THE MEN OF THE FAVELAS, OR MEN ANYWHERE, TO BUY CAMPAIGNS TO GET THE MEN OF THE FAVELAS, OR MEN ANYWHERE, TO BUY INTO GENDER EQUALITY.

FAVELAS, OR MEN ANYWHERE, TO BUY INTO GENDER EQUALITY.

TO SCALE IT UP AND MAKE IT INTO GENDER EQUALITY.

TO SCALE IT UP AND MAKE IT SUSTAINABLE, PROMUNDO WORKS TO SCALE IT UP AND MAKE IT SUSTAINABLE, PROMUNDO WORKS EXTENSIVELY WITH THE PUBLIC SUSTAINABLE, PROMUNDO WORKS EXTENSIVELY WITH THE PUBLIC HEALTH SECTOR.

EXTENSIVELY WITH THE PUBLIC HEALTH SECTOR.

WITH PROMUNDO'S INPUT, THE HEALTH SECTOR.

WITH PROMUNDO'S INPUT, THE BRAZILIAN HEALTH MINISTRY HAS WITH PROMUNDO'S INPUT, THE BRAZILIAN HEALTH MINISTRY HAS SET UP A PROTOCOL FOR FATHERS TO BRAZILIAN HEALTH MINISTRY HAS SET UP A PROTOCOL FOR FATHERS TO FOLLOW, STARTING WELL BEFORE THE SET UP A PROTOCOL FOR FATHERS TO FOLLOW, STARTING WELL BEFORE THE CHILD IS BORN.

FOLLOW, STARTING WELL BEFORE THE CHILD IS BORN.

IT'S DESIGNED TO ENGAGE FATHERS CHILD IS BORN.

IT'S DESIGNED TO ENGAGE FATHERS IN THE PRENATAL PROCESS SO THEY IT'S DESIGNED TO ENGAGE FATHERS IN THE PRENATAL PROCESS SO THEY BOND WITH THE BABY WHILE IT IS IN THE PRENATAL PROCESS SO THEY BOND WITH THE BABY WHILE IT IS STILL IN UTERO.

BOND WITH THE BABY WHILE IT IS STILL IN UTERO.

AT THE SAME TIME, MEN ARE STILL IN UTERO.

AT THE SAME TIME, MEN ARE ENCOURAGED TO GET A CHECK-UP FOR AT THE SAME TIME, MEN ARE ENCOURAGED TO GET A CHECK-UP FOR THEMSELVES, ONE OF THE RARE ENCOURAGED TO GET A CHECK-UP FOR THEMSELVES, ONE OF THE RARE MOMENTS MEN DO SO.

THEMSELVES, ONE OF THE RARE MOMENTS MEN DO SO.

>> IN SOME CRITICAL WAYS, BRAZIL MOMENTS MEN DO SO.

>> IN SOME CRITICAL WAYS, BRAZIL IS WAY AHEAD OF THE UNITED >> IN SOME CRITICAL WAYS, BRAZIL IS WAY AHEAD OF THE UNITED STATES AND PARTS OF EUROPE IN IS WAY AHEAD OF THE UNITED STATES AND PARTS OF EUROPE IN TERMS OF INTEGRATING MEN INTO STATES AND PARTS OF EUROPE IN TERMS OF INTEGRATING MEN INTO GENDER EQUALITY.

TERMS OF INTEGRATING MEN INTO GENDER EQUALITY.

AND IT STARTS RIGHT HERE, IN GENDER EQUALITY.

AND IT STARTS RIGHT HERE, IN THIS MATERNITY WARD.

AND IT STARTS RIGHT HERE, IN THIS MATERNITY WARD.

>> VERY OFTEN INVOLVING HEALTH THIS MATERNITY WARD.

>> VERY OFTEN INVOLVING HEALTH WORKERS WHO WHEN THE WOMAN COMES >> VERY OFTEN INVOLVING HEALTH WORKERS WHO WHEN THE WOMAN COMES FOR PRENATAL VISITS ASK WHY WORKERS WHO WHEN THE WOMAN COMES FOR PRENATAL VISITS ASK WHY ISN'T YOUR PARTNER OR YOUR FOR PRENATAL VISITS ASK WHY ISN'T YOUR PARTNER OR YOUR HUSBAND WITH YOU?

ISN'T YOUR PARTNER OR YOUR HUSBAND WITH YOU?

CAN WE SEE YOU BOTH NEXT TIME?

HUSBAND WITH YOU?

CAN WE SEE YOU BOTH NEXT TIME?

LET US DO THE ULTRASOUND EXAM CAN WE SEE YOU BOTH NEXT TIME?

LET US DO THE ULTRASOUND EXAM WITH YOUR PARTNER PRESENT AND LET US DO THE ULTRASOUND EXAM WITH YOUR PARTNER PRESENT AND SEEING THE IMAGE OF THE BABY WITH YOUR PARTNER PRESENT AND SEEING THE IMAGE OF THE BABY REFLECTED IN THE ULTRASOUND AND SEEING THE IMAGE OF THE BABY REFLECTED IN THE ULTRASOUND AND LISTENING TO THE HEARTBEAT OF REFLECTED IN THE ULTRASOUND AND LISTENING TO THE HEARTBEAT OF THE BABY AND CREATING A BOND LISTENING TO THE HEARTBEAT OF THE BABY AND CREATING A BOND EVEN BEFORE THE BABY IS BORN.

THE BABY AND CREATING A BOND EVEN BEFORE THE BABY IS BORN.

>> FROM THAT FIRST VISIT, EVEN BEFORE THE BABY IS BORN.

>> FROM THAT FIRST VISIT, FATHERS ATTEND MATERNAL HEALTH >> FROM THAT FIRST VISIT, FATHERS ATTEND MATERNAL HEALTH CHECKS WITH THEIR WIVES AND FATHERS ATTEND MATERNAL HEALTH CHECKS WITH THEIR WIVES AND PARTNERS.

CHECKS WITH THEIR WIVES AND PARTNERS.

THEY BECOME ACTIVELY INVOLVED PARTNERS.

THEY BECOME ACTIVELY INVOLVED WITH THE PREGNANCY AS OPPOSED TO THEY BECOME ACTIVELY INVOLVED WITH THE PREGNANCY AS OPPOSED TO BEING EXCLUDED.

WITH THE PREGNANCY AS OPPOSED TO BEING EXCLUDED.

TRADITIONAL MEDICAL PROTOCOL BEING EXCLUDED.

TRADITIONAL MEDICAL PROTOCOL KEPT THE FATHER IN THE WAITING TRADITIONAL MEDICAL PROTOCOL KEPT THE FATHER IN THE WAITING AREA WHILE THE MOTHER GAVE BIRTH KEPT THE FATHER IN THE WAITING AREA WHILE THE MOTHER GAVE BIRTH IN THE DELIVERY ROOM.

AREA WHILE THE MOTHER GAVE BIRTH IN THE DELIVERY ROOM.

FATHERS LEARN HOW TO CHANGE IN THE DELIVERY ROOM.

FATHERS LEARN HOW TO CHANGE DIAPERS, FEED THE BABY, SING TO FATHERS LEARN HOW TO CHANGE DIAPERS, FEED THE BABY, SING TO IT AND BUILD A HEALTHY, DIAPERS, FEED THE BABY, SING TO IT AND BUILD A HEALTHY, NON-VIOLENT RELATIONSHIP.

IT AND BUILD A HEALTHY, NON-VIOLENT RELATIONSHIP.

>> TRADITIONALLY, HEALTH NON-VIOLENT RELATIONSHIP.

>> TRADITIONALLY, HEALTH SERVICES FOCUSED THEIR ATTENTION >> TRADITIONALLY, HEALTH SERVICES FOCUSED THEIR ATTENTION ON WOMEN AND CHILDREN, WITH A SERVICES FOCUSED THEIR ATTENTION ON WOMEN AND CHILDREN, WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON PREGNANCY.

ON WOMEN AND CHILDREN, WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON PREGNANCY.

MEN WERE NOT PART OF THE SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON PREGNANCY.

MEN WERE NOT PART OF THE EQUATION.

MEN WERE NOT PART OF THE EQUATION.

YET, AS WE MOVED TOWARD A MORE EQUATION.

YET, AS WE MOVED TOWARD A MORE HOLISTIC APPROACH-HERE IN BRAZIL YET, AS WE MOVED TOWARD A MORE HOLISTIC APPROACH-HERE IN BRAZIL WE HAVE THE UNIVERSAL HEALTHCARE HOLISTIC APPROACH-HERE IN BRAZIL WE HAVE THE UNIVERSAL HEALTHCARE SYSTEM WHICH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR WE HAVE THE UNIVERSAL HEALTHCARE SYSTEM WHICH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE HEATH OF ALL BRAZILIAN SYSTEM WHICH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE HEATH OF ALL BRAZILIAN CITIZENS WE REALIZED THAT WE THE HEATH OF ALL BRAZILIAN CITIZENS WE REALIZED THAT WE HAVE TO LOOK AT OTHER CITIZENS WE REALIZED THAT WE HAVE TO LOOK AT OTHER DIMENSIONS, NOT ONLY MEN ISSUES HAVE TO LOOK AT OTHER DIMENSIONS, NOT ONLY MEN ISSUES BUT ALSO OTHER ISSUES THAT DIMENSIONS, NOT ONLY MEN ISSUES BUT ALSO OTHER ISSUES THAT CONCERN WOMEN.

BUT ALSO OTHER ISSUES THAT CONCERN WOMEN.

IT IS BEAUTIFUL TO HEAR THE CONCERN WOMEN.

IT IS BEAUTIFUL TO HEAR THE FEEDBACK OF MEN WHO TAKE IT IS BEAUTIFUL TO HEAR THE FEEDBACK OF MEN WHO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THESE SERVICES; OF FEEDBACK OF MEN WHO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THESE SERVICES; OF MEN WHO ARE IN THE DELIVERY ADVANTAGE OF THESE SERVICES; OF MEN WHO ARE IN THE DELIVERY ROOM, MOVED BY THIS EXPERIENCE MEN WHO ARE IN THE DELIVERY ROOM, MOVED BY THIS EXPERIENCE SINCE THEY CAN INDEED ROOM, MOVED BY THIS EXPERIENCE SINCE THEY CAN INDEED EXPERIENCE, IN ITS ENTIRETY, SINCE THEY CAN INDEED EXPERIENCE, IN ITS ENTIRETY, THIS VERY SPECIAL MOMENT, A EXPERIENCE, IN ITS ENTIRETY, THIS VERY SPECIAL MOMENT, A MOMENT FULL OF EMOTION.

THIS VERY SPECIAL MOMENT, A MOMENT FULL OF EMOTION.

>> THIS FATHER HELD THE MOTHER'S MOMENT FULL OF EMOTION.

>> THIS FATHER HELD THE MOTHER'S HAND AS THE BABY WAS DELIVERED >> THIS FATHER HELD THE MOTHER'S HAND AS THE BABY WAS DELIVERED BY CAESARIAN SECTION.

HAND AS THE BABY WAS DELIVERED BY CAESARIAN SECTION.

HE WAS RIGHT THERE WHEN THE BY CAESARIAN SECTION.

HE WAS RIGHT THERE WHEN THE CHILD WAS BORN, AND AFTER HE WAS RIGHT THERE WHEN THE CHILD WAS BORN, AND AFTER HOSPITAL STAFF CLEANED UP THE CHILD WAS BORN, AND AFTER HOSPITAL STAFF CLEANED UP THE BABY AND GAVE IT OXYGEN, THE HOSPITAL STAFF CLEANED UP THE BABY AND GAVE IT OXYGEN, THE NEWBORN WAS PRESENTED TO HIM BABY AND GAVE IT OXYGEN, THE NEWBORN WAS PRESENTED TO HIM BEFORE THE MOTHER.

NEWBORN WAS PRESENTED TO HIM BEFORE THE MOTHER.

>> DOMESTIC VIOLENCE HAPPENS AS BEFORE THE MOTHER.

>> DOMESTIC VIOLENCE HAPPENS AS A RESULT OF AN EXPRESSION OF A >> DOMESTIC VIOLENCE HAPPENS AS A RESULT OF AN EXPRESSION OF A VERY UNBALANCED POWER STRUCTURE A RESULT OF AN EXPRESSION OF A VERY UNBALANCED POWER STRUCTURE WITHIN THE FAMILY AND ONE GROUP VERY UNBALANCED POWER STRUCTURE WITHIN THE FAMILY AND ONE GROUP THAT DOMINATES THE OTHER AND A WITHIN THE FAMILY AND ONE GROUP THAT DOMINATES THE OTHER AND A GROUP THAT NEEDS TO ACCEPT THAT THAT DOMINATES THE OTHER AND A GROUP THAT NEEDS TO ACCEPT THAT STATE OF AFFAIRS.

GROUP THAT NEEDS TO ACCEPT THAT STATE OF AFFAIRS.

WE ARE STRUCK BY THE FACT THAT STATE OF AFFAIRS.

WE ARE STRUCK BY THE FACT THAT IN SO MANY SOCIETIES AROUND THE WE ARE STRUCK BY THE FACT THAT IN SO MANY SOCIETIES AROUND THE WORLD, WOMEN ACCEPT BEING BEATEN IN SO MANY SOCIETIES AROUND THE WORLD, WOMEN ACCEPT BEING BEATEN BY VERY COMMON REASONS.

WORLD, WOMEN ACCEPT BEING BEATEN BY VERY COMMON REASONS.

THE FACT THAT FOOD GOT DESTROYED BY VERY COMMON REASONS.

THE FACT THAT FOOD GOT DESTROYED WHILE THE WIFE WAS WATCHING BABY THE FACT THAT FOOD GOT DESTROYED WHILE THE WIFE WAS WATCHING BABY AND THE FOOD THAT WAS ON THE WHILE THE WIFE WAS WATCHING BABY AND THE FOOD THAT WAS ON THE OVEN THAT JUST BURNED, OR THE AND THE FOOD THAT WAS ON THE OVEN THAT JUST BURNED, OR THE FACT THAT SHE WENT TO FETCH OVEN THAT JUST BURNED, OR THE FACT THAT SHE WENT TO FETCH WATER FOR THE HOUSE AND THE FACT THAT SHE WENT TO FETCH WATER FOR THE HOUSE AND THE CHILD WAS LEFT UNATTENDED MAY BE WATER FOR THE HOUSE AND THE CHILD WAS LEFT UNATTENDED MAY BE ACCEPTED AS NORMAL REASONS FOR CHILD WAS LEFT UNATTENDED MAY BE ACCEPTED AS NORMAL REASONS FOR BEATING THE WIFE.

ACCEPTED AS NORMAL REASONS FOR BEATING THE WIFE.

WE NEED TO CHALLENGE THAT AND BEATING THE WIFE.

WE NEED TO CHALLENGE THAT AND OVERCOME THIS PERCEPTION AND WE NEED TO CHALLENGE THAT AND OVERCOME THIS PERCEPTION AND IT'S PLAIN THAT MEN AND WOMEN OVERCOME THIS PERCEPTION AND IT'S PLAIN THAT MEN AND WOMEN NEED TO BE EQUAL AND THAT IT'S PLAIN THAT MEN AND WOMEN NEED TO BE EQUAL AND THAT SHARING RESPONSIBILITY WITHIN NEED TO BE EQUAL AND THAT SHARING RESPONSIBILITY WITHIN THE HOME WILL HELP KIDS BEING SHARING RESPONSIBILITY WITHIN THE HOME WILL HELP KIDS BEING DEVELOPED WITH GREATER THE HOME WILL HELP KIDS BEING DEVELOPED WITH GREATER CONFIDENCE AND BETTER SUPPORTED.

DEVELOPED WITH GREATER CONFIDENCE AND BETTER SUPPORTED.

>> THIS WOMAN DELIVERED THE BABY CONFIDENCE AND BETTER SUPPORTED.

>> THIS WOMAN DELIVERED THE BABY NATURALLY, AS SHE HAD DONE WITH >> THIS WOMAN DELIVERED THE BABY NATURALLY, AS SHE HAD DONE WITH HER PRIOR CHILDREN.

NATURALLY, AS SHE HAD DONE WITH HER PRIOR CHILDREN.

THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME HER HER PRIOR CHILDREN.

THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME HER HUSBAND WAS BY HER SIDE.

THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME HER HUSBAND WAS BY HER SIDE.

>> IT IS "PAINFUL" BUT IT IS HUSBAND WAS BY HER SIDE.

>> IT IS "PAINFUL" BUT IT IS ALSO BEAUTIFUL, I ALWAYS, ALWAYS >> IT IS "PAINFUL" BUT IT IS ALSO BEAUTIFUL, I ALWAYS, ALWAYS WANTED HIM BY MY SIDE.

ALSO BEAUTIFUL, I ALWAYS, ALWAYS WANTED HIM BY MY SIDE.

FOR BEING HIS FIRST TIME, HE DID WANTED HIM BY MY SIDE.

FOR BEING HIS FIRST TIME, HE DID A GREAT JOB!

FOR BEING HIS FIRST TIME, HE DID A GREAT JOB!

HE CALMED ME DOWN A LOT.

A GREAT JOB!

HE CALMED ME DOWN A LOT.

>> IT CREATES A BOND BECAUSE HE CALMED ME DOWN A LOT.

>> IT CREATES A BOND BECAUSE I'VE SEEN WHAT SHE WENT THROUGH, >> IT CREATES A BOND BECAUSE I'VE SEEN WHAT SHE WENT THROUGH, HER STRUGGLE, THE PAIN.

I'VE SEEN WHAT SHE WENT THROUGH, HER STRUGGLE, THE PAIN.

IT'S A NEW CLOSENESS, BECAUSE I HER STRUGGLE, THE PAIN.

IT'S A NEW CLOSENESS, BECAUSE I HAD NEVER WITNESSED THE BIRTH OF IT'S A NEW CLOSENESS, BECAUSE I HAD NEVER WITNESSED THE BIRTH OF CHILD BEFORE.

HAD NEVER WITNESSED THE BIRTH OF CHILD BEFORE.

WHEN I SAW HER GIVING BIRTH TO CHILD BEFORE.

WHEN I SAW HER GIVING BIRTH TO OUR SON, YES, IT'S VERY WHEN I SAW HER GIVING BIRTH TO OUR SON, YES, IT'S VERY EMOTIONAL, A VERY SPECIAL OUR SON, YES, IT'S VERY EMOTIONAL, A VERY SPECIAL MOMENT.

EMOTIONAL, A VERY SPECIAL MOMENT.

>> SO IS MEN'S EQUAL MOMENT.

>> SO IS MEN'S EQUAL PARTICIPATION IN HOME AND CHILD >> SO IS MEN'S EQUAL PARTICIPATION IN HOME AND CHILD CARE THE FINAL STAGE OF PARTICIPATION IN HOME AND CHILD CARE THE FINAL STAGE OF FEMINISM, AS MENTIONED EARLIER?

CARE THE FINAL STAGE OF FEMINISM, AS MENTIONED EARLIER?

GARY BARKER, WHO FOUNDED FEMINISM, AS MENTIONED EARLIER?

GARY BARKER, WHO FOUNDED PROMUNDO, THINKS IT IS.

GARY BARKER, WHO FOUNDED PROMUNDO, THINKS IT IS.

>> WE'RE NOT GOING TO ACHIEVE PROMUNDO, THINKS IT IS.

>> WE'RE NOT GOING TO ACHIEVE FULL EQUALITY FOR WOMEN IN THE >> WE'RE NOT GOING TO ACHIEVE FULL EQUALITY FOR WOMEN IN THE WORKPLACE AND ALL THE OTHER FULL EQUALITY FOR WOMEN IN THE WORKPLACE AND ALL THE OTHER PLACES WHERE WOMEN WANT TO WORKPLACE AND ALL THE OTHER PLACES WHERE WOMEN WANT TO SUCCEED, POLITICS AND EVERYWHERE PLACES WHERE WOMEN WANT TO SUCCEED, POLITICS AND EVERYWHERE ELSE, IF SOMEBODY IS NOT DOING SUCCEED, POLITICS AND EVERYWHERE ELSE, IF SOMEBODY IS NOT DOING HALF OF THE UNPAID CARE WORK.

ELSE, IF SOMEBODY IS NOT DOING HALF OF THE UNPAID CARE WORK.

SO EVEN IF WE HAVE SUBSIDIZED HALF OF THE UNPAID CARE WORK.

SO EVEN IF WE HAVE SUBSIDIZED DAYCARE, WE STILL NEED SOMEBODY SO EVEN IF WE HAVE SUBSIDIZED DAYCARE, WE STILL NEED SOMEBODY TO DO THE CARE WORK AFTER HOURS.

DAYCARE, WE STILL NEED SOMEBODY TO DO THE CARE WORK AFTER HOURS.

AND I THINK THAT THE DATA WE TO DO THE CARE WORK AFTER HOURS.

AND I THINK THAT THE DATA WE HAVE FROM AROUND THE WORLD FINDS AND I THINK THAT THE DATA WE HAVE FROM AROUND THE WORLD FINDS THAT WHEN MEN DO MORE OF THAT, HAVE FROM AROUND THE WORLD FINDS THAT WHEN MEN DO MORE OF THAT, WOMEN'S INCOME GOES UP, WOMEN THAT WHEN MEN DO MORE OF THAT, WOMEN'S INCOME GOES UP, WOMEN ARE MORE LIKELY TO ACHIEVE WHAT WOMEN'S INCOME GOES UP, WOMEN ARE MORE LIKELY TO ACHIEVE WHAT THEY WANT IN THE WORKPLACE AND ARE MORE LIKELY TO ACHIEVE WHAT THEY WANT IN THE WORKPLACE AND IT TURNS OUT THAT MEN ARE THEY WANT IN THE WORKPLACE AND IT TURNS OUT THAT MEN ARE USUALLY HAPPIER AS WELL.

IT TURNS OUT THAT MEN ARE USUALLY HAPPIER AS WELL.

WE ARE PAYING ATTENTION, WOMEN USUALLY HAPPIER AS WELL.

WE ARE PAYING ATTENTION, WOMEN ARE ENJOYING TO LEAN IN, RIGHT?

WE ARE PAYING ATTENTION, WOMEN ARE ENJOYING TO LEAN IN, RIGHT?

WE NEED THE EQUIVALENT FOR MEN.

ARE ENJOYING TO LEAN IN, RIGHT?

WE NEED THE EQUIVALENT FOR MEN.

RIGHT?

WE NEED THE EQUIVALENT FOR MEN.

RIGHT?

SO IS IT MEN WE NEED TO DIAPER RIGHT?

SO IS IT MEN WE NEED TO DIAPER UP OR TO CARE UP?

SO IS IT MEN WE NEED TO DIAPER UP OR TO CARE UP?

BUT THERE'S SOMETHING WE NEED UP OR TO CARE UP?

BUT THERE'S SOMETHING WE NEED MEN TO DO AS ANOTHER PART OF BUT THERE'S SOMETHING WE NEED MEN TO DO AS ANOTHER PART OF THIS REVOLUTION.

MEN TO DO AS ANOTHER PART OF THIS REVOLUTION.

AND I THINK THERE IS NO WAY WE THIS REVOLUTION.

AND I THINK THERE IS NO WAY WE ACHIEVE EQUALITY UNLESS MEN DO AND I THINK THERE IS NO WAY WE ACHIEVE EQUALITY UNLESS MEN DO THE OTHER PART THAT COMES WITH ACHIEVE EQUALITY UNLESS MEN DO THE OTHER PART THAT COMES WITH THE LEAN IN.

THE OTHER PART THAT COMES WITH THE LEAN IN.

>> BARKER BELIEVES, IN FACT, IN THE LEAN IN.

>> BARKER BELIEVES, IN FACT, IN MANY WAYS MALE-DOMINATED AND >> BARKER BELIEVES, IN FACT, IN MANY WAYS MALE-DOMINATED AND MALE-DESIGNED SOCIETIES HURT MEN MANY WAYS MALE-DOMINATED AND MALE-DESIGNED SOCIETIES HURT MEN AND BOYS.

MALE-DESIGNED SOCIETIES HURT MEN AND BOYS.

>> ALL OF THE LIFESTYLE ISSUES AND BOYS.

>> ALL OF THE LIFESTYLE ISSUES THAT CAUSE HEALTH PROBLEMS, MEN >> ALL OF THE LIFESTYLE ISSUES THAT CAUSE HEALTH PROBLEMS, MEN ARE MORE LIKELY TO SUFFER FROM THAT CAUSE HEALTH PROBLEMS, MEN ARE MORE LIKELY TO SUFFER FROM THEM THAN WOMEN ARE.

ARE MORE LIKELY TO SUFFER FROM THEM THAN WOMEN ARE.

ONE OF THE WAYS THAT WE TRY TO THEM THAN WOMEN ARE.

ONE OF THE WAYS THAT WE TRY TO GET MEN TO CARE FOR THEIR OWN ONE OF THE WAYS THAT WE TRY TO GET MEN TO CARE FOR THEIR OWN BODIES IS TO CARE FOR OTHERS.

GET MEN TO CARE FOR THEIR OWN BODIES IS TO CARE FOR OTHERS.

I THINK OUR DATA ALSO SHOWS THAT BODIES IS TO CARE FOR OTHERS.

I THINK OUR DATA ALSO SHOWS THAT WHEN MEN SHOW THEIR CARES FOR I THINK OUR DATA ALSO SHOWS THAT WHEN MEN SHOW THEIR CARES FOR OTHERS THEY ALSO SHOW CARE FOR WHEN MEN SHOW THEIR CARES FOR OTHERS THEY ALSO SHOW CARE FOR THEMSELVES.

OTHERS THEY ALSO SHOW CARE FOR THEMSELVES.

>> THEN WHY IS CHANGE TAKING SO THEMSELVES.

>> THEN WHY IS CHANGE TAKING SO LONG AND WHY IS MEN AS >> THEN WHY IS CHANGE TAKING SO LONG AND WHY IS MEN AS CAREGIVERS STILL SEEN AS A LONG AND WHY IS MEN AS CAREGIVERS STILL SEEN AS A RADICAL CONCEPT IN SOME CAREGIVERS STILL SEEN AS A RADICAL CONCEPT IN SOME SOCIETIES?

RADICAL CONCEPT IN SOME SOCIETIES?

>> THIS IS STILL A RADICAL IDEA SOCIETIES?

>> THIS IS STILL A RADICAL IDEA FOR THE REASON THAT WE'RE SO >> THIS IS STILL A RADICAL IDEA FOR THE REASON THAT WE'RE SO USED TO ASSOCIATING KIND OF FOR THE REASON THAT WE'RE SO USED TO ASSOCIATING KIND OF MOTHERHOOD WITH CAREGIVING USED TO ASSOCIATING KIND OF MOTHERHOOD WITH CAREGIVING RIGHT?

MOTHERHOOD WITH CAREGIVING RIGHT?

AND MANHOOD IS ABOUT THE THINGS RIGHT?

AND MANHOOD IS ABOUT THE THINGS WE DO IN THE WORKPLACE AND WE'RE AND MANHOOD IS ABOUT THE THINGS WE DO IN THE WORKPLACE AND WE'RE GIVEN CREDIT WHEN WE INVENT WE DO IN THE WORKPLACE AND WE'RE GIVEN CREDIT WHEN WE INVENT THINGS, RIGHT?

GIVEN CREDIT WHEN WE INVENT THINGS, RIGHT?

AND OUR BUSINESS DOES WELL.

THINGS, RIGHT?

AND OUR BUSINESS DOES WELL.

HOW MUCH CREDIT ARE WE GIVEN AND OUR BUSINESS DOES WELL.

HOW MUCH CREDIT ARE WE GIVEN WHEN WE TAKE OFF TIME TO BE WITH HOW MUCH CREDIT ARE WE GIVEN WHEN WE TAKE OFF TIME TO BE WITH OUR CHILDREN?

WHEN WE TAKE OFF TIME TO BE WITH OUR CHILDREN?

OR WE SAY IT'S AS IMPORTANT TO OUR CHILDREN?

OR WE SAY IT'S AS IMPORTANT TO DO THAT AS ANYTHING ELSE AS I OR WE SAY IT'S AS IMPORTANT TO DO THAT AS ANYTHING ELSE AS I DO.

DO THAT AS ANYTHING ELSE AS I DO.

SO, IT IS REDEFINING WHAT IT IS DO.

SO, IT IS REDEFINING WHAT IT IS TO BE MEN.

SO, IT IS REDEFINING WHAT IT IS TO BE MEN.

SO WE'VE KIND OF DONE PART OF TO BE MEN.

SO WE'VE KIND OF DONE PART OF THAT WITH FEMINISM TO SAY IT'S SO WE'VE KIND OF DONE PART OF THAT WITH FEMINISM TO SAY IT'S NOT ONLY MOTHERHOOD THAT DEFINES THAT WITH FEMINISM TO SAY IT'S NOT ONLY MOTHERHOOD THAT DEFINES WOMEN.

NOT ONLY MOTHERHOOD THAT DEFINES WOMEN.

IN FACT, YOU CAN BE A WOMAN WOMEN.

IN FACT, YOU CAN BE A WOMAN WITHOUT BEING A MOTHER.

IN FACT, YOU CAN BE A WOMAN WITHOUT BEING A MOTHER.

SO I THINK WE NEED THE OTHER WITHOUT BEING A MOTHER.

SO I THINK WE NEED THE OTHER PART OF THAT REVOLUTION WHICH SO I THINK WE NEED THE OTHER PART OF THAT REVOLUTION WHICH SAYS MEN CAN DO HALF OF THE PART OF THAT REVOLUTION WHICH SAYS MEN CAN DO HALF OF THE CAREGIVING.

SAYS MEN CAN DO HALF OF THE CAREGIVING.

THEY DON'T STOP BEING MEN.

CAREGIVING.

THEY DON'T STOP BEING MEN.

>> IN SISYPHEAN FASHION, BARKER THEY DON'T STOP BEING MEN.

>> IN SISYPHEAN FASHION, BARKER KEEPS ROLLING HIS REDEFINITION >> IN SISYPHEAN FASHION, BARKER KEEPS ROLLING HIS REDEFINITION OF MANHOOD UP A VERY UNFORGIVING KEEPS ROLLING HIS REDEFINITION OF MANHOOD UP A VERY UNFORGIVING MOUNTAIN.

OF MANHOOD UP A VERY UNFORGIVING MOUNTAIN.

>> IT MAY LOOK LIKE WE ARE GOING MOUNTAIN.

>> IT MAY LOOK LIKE WE ARE GOING AGAINST THE GRAIN AND THAT >> IT MAY LOOK LIKE WE ARE GOING AGAINST THE GRAIN AND THAT THERE'S A WHOLE MACHINERY MAKING AGAINST THE GRAIN AND THAT THERE'S A WHOLE MACHINERY MAKING VIOLENCE AND AGGRESSION MAKING THERE'S A WHOLE MACHINERY MAKING VIOLENCE AND AGGRESSION MAKING MEN OUT THERE BUT IT DOESN'T VIOLENCE AND AGGRESSION MAKING MEN OUT THERE BUT IT DOESN'T TAKE A LOT TO GET MEN TO SORT OF MEN OUT THERE BUT IT DOESN'T TAKE A LOT TO GET MEN TO SORT OF PUT DOWN THAT MASK AND GO YOU TAKE A LOT TO GET MEN TO SORT OF PUT DOWN THAT MASK AND GO YOU KNOW WHAT?

PUT DOWN THAT MASK AND GO YOU KNOW WHAT?

I WAS REALLY FRIGHTENED WHEN I KNOW WHAT?

I WAS REALLY FRIGHTENED WHEN I WAS ENJOINED TO GET INTO THAT I WAS REALLY FRIGHTENED WHEN I WAS ENJOINED TO GET INTO THAT FIGHT.

WAS ENJOINED TO GET INTO THAT FIGHT.

I REALLY WOULD LIKE DEEPER FIGHT.

I REALLY WOULD LIKE DEEPER RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHERS.

I REALLY WOULD LIKE DEEPER RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHERS.

FOR AS MUCH AS THE MEDIA MAKES RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHERS.

FOR AS MUCH AS THE MEDIA MAKES NOISE AND THE GLORIFICATION OF FOR AS MUCH AS THE MEDIA MAKES NOISE AND THE GLORIFICATION OF CERTAIN FORMS OF MASCULINITIES NOISE AND THE GLORIFICATION OF CERTAIN FORMS OF MASCULINITIES THERE'S ALSO LOTS OF MEN OUT CERTAIN FORMS OF MASCULINITIES THERE'S ALSO LOTS OF MEN OUT THERE ALREADY DOING THIS.

THERE'S ALSO LOTS OF MEN OUT THERE ALREADY DOING THIS.

IN FACT, YOU DON'T HAVE TO MAKE THERE ALREADY DOING THIS.

IN FACT, YOU DON'T HAVE TO MAKE IT UP, WE'VE GOT STORIES.

IN FACT, YOU DON'T HAVE TO MAKE IT UP, WE'VE GOT STORIES.

YOU CAN FIND MEN WHO EVERYDAY IT UP, WE'VE GOT STORIES.

YOU CAN FIND MEN WHO EVERYDAY ARE ALREADY PRACTICING THIS.

YOU CAN FIND MEN WHO EVERYDAY ARE ALREADY PRACTICING THIS.

THE QUESTION IS ARE WE LOOKING ARE ALREADY PRACTICING THIS.

THE QUESTION IS ARE WE LOOKING AT THAT OR ARE WE ONLY LOOKING THE QUESTION IS ARE WE LOOKING AT THAT OR ARE WE ONLY LOOKING AT THE IMAGES OF THE HARM THAT AT THAT OR ARE WE ONLY LOOKING AT THE IMAGES OF THE HARM THAT MEN DO AND GLORIFYING IT.

AT THE IMAGES OF THE HARM THAT MEN DO AND GLORIFYING IT.

IN FACT THERE ARE A LOT OF MEN MEN DO AND GLORIFYING IT.

IN FACT THERE ARE A LOT OF MEN THAT DO DO THIS CAREGIVING AND IN FACT THERE ARE A LOT OF MEN THAT DO DO THIS CAREGIVING AND REPORT THESE CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS THAT DO DO THIS CAREGIVING AND REPORT THESE CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHERS, EVERY SINGLE DAY.

REPORT THESE CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHERS, EVERY SINGLE DAY.

>> I OFTEN THINK OUR WORK IS NOT WITH OTHERS, EVERY SINGLE DAY.

>> I OFTEN THINK OUR WORK IS NOT ABOUT MAKING MORE CHANGE BUT >> I OFTEN THINK OUR WORK IS NOT ABOUT MAKING MORE CHANGE BUT SPEEDING UP THE CHANGE THAT IS ABOUT MAKING MORE CHANGE BUT SPEEDING UP THE CHANGE THAT IS ALREADY HAPPENING.

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