♪♪ MUSIC PLAYING ♪♪ >>> COMING UP IN THE NEXT HOUR ON ARIZONA PBS.

ON "ARIZONA HORIZON", AIR ZONA ASTRONOMERS REACT TO THE JAMES WEBB TELESCOPE'S IMAGES OF THE FAR REACHES OF THE UNIVERSE, ON CRONKITE NEWS A LOOK AT CONCERNS OVER MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES INVOLVING TEACHERS.

THAT'S ALL AHEAD IN THE NEXT HOUR ON ARIZONA PBS.

>>> THIS HOUR OF LOCAL NEWS IS MADE POSSIBLE BY CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE FRIEND OF PBS.

MEMBERS OF YOUR PBS STATION.

THANK YOU.

>> GOOD EVENING AND WELCOME TO "ARIZONA HORIZON."

I AM TED SIMONS.

THE STATE REPUBLICAN PARTY HAS SEEN CENSURED LIFETIME REPUBLICAN AND SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE RUSTY BOWERS IT HAPPENED LAST NIGHT AFTER FORMER PRESIDENT TROUBLE P CALLED HIM WEAK AND PATHETIC AND THAT BOWERS DIDN'T HAVE THE GUTS TO DO ANYTHING ABOUT RIGGED AND STOLEN ELECTION, SOON THEREAFTER.

KELLI WARD TWEETED THAT HE IS NO LONG ARE A REPUBLICAN IN GOOD STANDING AND WE CALL ON REPUBLICANS TO REPLACE HIM AT THE BALLOT BOX IN THE AUGUST PRIMARY THIS.

ALL COMES A MONTH AFTER BOWERS TESTIFIED BEFORE THE JANUARY 6th CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE INVESTIGATING THE ATTACK ON THE U.S. CAPITOL.

BOWERS TESTIFIED THAT TRUMP, RUDY JULIANNA CONGRESS ANDY BIGGS AND OTHER PRESSURED HIM TO OVERTURN ARIZONA'S ELECTION RESULTS WITHOUT PROVIDING ANY EVIDENCE THAT THE VOTE WAS IN ANY WAY COMPROMISED THE SAY GOP CENSURED GULF EAR DUCEY, SEN TONIGHT McCAIN AND HIS WIFE CINDY AND JEFF FLAKE IN RECENT YEARS.

NATIONAL NEWS, REMEMBER THE BABY FOOD SHORTAGE THE FDA SAID PRODUCTION IS EXCEEDING CONSUME HE DEMAND.

THE COMMISSION TOLD THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE THAT THE STEPPED UP PRODUCTION WAS GOOD NEWS BUT ADDED DESPITE WHAT HE DESCRIBES AS A ROBUST PIPELINE OF FORMULA COMING IN, THE SHORTAGES WILL CONTINUE TAKING SOMETIME TO FIX, AND HE DID NOT GIVE A TIMELINE ON WHEN THOSE SHORTAGES WILL BE RESOLVED.

AND SCIENCE NEWS, NASA TODAY ANNOUNCED TARGET DATES FOR THE LAUNCH THE FIRST ARTEMIS MOON MISSION TEST FLIGHT.

DOUBTS ARE AUGUST 29th, SECRETARY TWOnd AND SENT FIFTH.

IT INVOLVES A GIGANTIC ROCKET SENDING AN UNMANNED CAPSULE TO THE MOON AND BACK WITHOUT A LUNAR LANDING THE GOAL IS TO RETURN AMERICAN ASTRONAUTS TO THE MOON.

BY 2025.

THE JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE OR JWST RECENTLY SEVENTIES BACK ITS FIRST COLLECTION OF IMAGES AND THEY ARE SUITABLY SPECTACULAR.

INCLUDING VIEWS OF THE UNIVERSE NEVER-BEFORE CAPTURED.

PROFESSORS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA HAVE WORKED ON THE MISSION AND PROVIDED MUCH OF THE KNOW HOW IN SECURING THESE INCREDIBLE IMAGES AND WE ARE JOINED BY NOW BY DR. MASH A REIKE.

Ph.D PROFESSOR OF A STOP ANY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA AND DID GEORGE REIKE Ph.D PROFESSOR OF A STROP PI AT THE U OF A.

LAST WE SPOKE IT HAD JUST BEEN LAUNCHED AND THIS WAS CURIOSITY, A LOT HAS CHANGED.

MARCIA, STARTING WITH YOU A LOT HAS CHANGED.

>> A LOT HAS CHANGED.

WE HAVE ALIGNED THE TELESCOPE, CHECKED IT OUT AND EVERYTHING?

ROUTINE OPERATION, NOT JUST ROUTINE BUT WORKING BETTER THAN WE HOPED.

>> ISN'T THAT GREAT.

>> GEORGE, YOUR THOUGHTS WHEN YOU SAW THE IMMATERIALS COMING IN, WHAT DID YOU THINK?

>> WOW.

AND THAT WAS IT.

AFTER ALL THIS TIME, AND ALL OF THE TENSION AND AFTER THE LAUNCH THERE WAS A LOT OF NAIL BITING.

NOW WE CAN SIT BACK AND ENJOY THE FRUITS OF 20, 25 YEARS OF WORK.

A HUGE INVESTMENT TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE AND ALL WORK IS THINK DOING FOR REAL.

>> YOU, MARCIA.

>> SORT OF BEYOND WOW.

I FEEL LIKE I AM ABOVE CLOUD 9, NOT JUST ON IT.

>> YOU ARE SEEING CLOUD 9.

MARCIA LET'S TALK ABOUT YOUR ROLE IN THE CAMERAS.

YOU WORKED ON THE CAMERAS ONE OF THE CAMERAS, TALK TO US ABOUT THIS.

>> YES, I THINK AT PRINCIPLE INVESTIGATOR FOR THE NEAR CAMERA.

THE NEAR INNING FA RED CAMERA.

THAT MANIES I AM THE TEAM LEADER.

IN THIS INITIAL ROUND OF IMAGES THAT GOT RELEASED NEAR CAM PLAYED A ROLE IN ALL BUT ONE OF THOSE SO I AM REALLY PROUD THAT WE ARE DELIVERING THE GOOD, SO SO TO SPEAK.

>> THAT CAMERA, IF I REMEMBER OUR CONVERSATION FROM THE PAST IT WAS LIKE 10 TIMES MORE LIGHT THAN YOUR EYE CAN SEE, SOMETHING ALONG THOSE LINES .

>> YEAH, THAT'S THE LONGEST WAVELENGTH IT WORKS AT IS 10 TIMES VISIBLE LIGHT.

SO IT'S VERY MUCH IN TO THE INFRARED.

>> YOU ARE SEEING GALAXIES AND EXOPLANETS, MAR SHARKS ANY SURPRISES SO FAR?

>> WE KNEW THAT GALAXIES TEND TO BE BRIGHT NEVER THIS PART OF THE INFRARED, BUT THAT HAD NOT BEEN INTERNALIZED AND WE ARE DISCOVERING THAT GALAXYIES PHOTO BOMB EVERY PICTURE WE TAKE, SO TO SPEAK.

I WANT LEX TROUBLE I WE SHOULD ARE VEALIZED THAT THAT WAS HAPPENING.

>> GEORGE, WHEN YOU SAW THE IMAGES COMING IN, WAS IT WHAT YOU EXPECTEDDED?

>> I HAVE TO CONFESS, NO.

AND THE REASON IS EVERYTHING THAT WE HAVE USED PREVIOUSLY WITH THE SAME KIND OF SENSITIVITY OR EVEN APPROACHING IT, HAD MUCH POORER RESOLUTION, THE BEAM EYES WITH INFRA RED INSTRUMENT IS 50 TIMES SMALLER THAN THE PREVIOUS MISSION.

SO I HAVE NOT EMOTIONALLY PREPARED FOR ALL OF THE INCREDIBLE DETAIL THAT WOULD SHOWED YOU.

I KNEW I WANT LEX TULL I THAT WOULD HAPPEN.

THE IMPACT BLEW ME AWAY.

>> YOU DESCRIBED IT UP TO 50 TIMES WAVELENGTHS THAT WERE PREVIOUSLY SEEN, IS THAT WHAT YOU WERE SAYING?

>> THAT'S RIGHT.

>> GO AHEAD.

GO AHEAD.

>> IT FILLS OUT THE SPECTRUM AND WHAT'S IMPORTANT ABOUT IT IS THE NEAR CAM IS STILL LOOKING WHERE MOST OF WHAT YOU SEE IS STARS IN ONE FORM OR ANOTHER WHEN YOU GET BEYOND 10 TIMES VISIBLE LIGHT YOU OPEN UP TO ALL KINDS OF DIFFERENT THINGS GOING O THAT'S WHY THE PICTURES WERE SO ASTOUNDING BECAUSE THINGS LOOK REALLY DIFFERENT.

>> THEY SURE DO.

MARCIA, HOW FAR AWAY IS THE JAMES WEBB TELESCOPE FROM EARTH?

>> ABOUT A MILLION MILES.

>> OKAY.

WHY IS IT IN THAT SPOT?

COULD IT NOT GO FARTHER OUT?

WAS IT -- IS THAT LIKE A NICE CLEAR SCOTT SNOT WHY THERE A MILLION MILES?

>> IT'S A SPECIAL SPOT CALLED THE SECOND LAGRANG POINT WHICH IS SORT OF A PSEUDO STABLE POINT FROM A GRAVITY POINT OF VIEW.

SO THE EARTH AND WEBB ARE SORT OF FORMATIONS FLYING AROUND THE SUN SO THAT WEBB IS ALWAYS IN THE SAME PLACE WITH RESPECT TO THE EARTH.

WHICH MAKES SENDING THE DATA BACK AND THINGS MUCH EASIER.

>> SO BASICALLY IT'S TETHERED, EASIER TO TETHER THERE?

>> YEAH.

YOU CAN THINK OF GRAVITY PROVIDING A METAPHORICAL LEASH.

>> HOW FAR ARE WE LOOKING BACK, GEORGE?

WE ARE LITERALLY LOOKING BACK IN TIME.

>> THAT'S RILE REALLY NOT THE WAY TO LOOK AT IT.

WE ARE LOOKING BACK TO BASICALLY 200 MILLION YEARS AFTER THE BIG BANG.

AND I THINK IT'S BETTER TO HAVE YOUR VISION, YOUR TIME COUNTING FROM THE BIG BANG RATHER THAN HOW FAR AWAY WE LOOK.

BECAUSE THE TOTAL INCREASE IN DISTANCE IS NOT THAT GREAT.

BUT THE INCREASE -- THE DECREASE IN DISTANCE FROM THE BIG BANG IS PHENOMENAL.

>> HOW CLOSE, GEORGE, CAN YOU GET?

FEESLY, REALISTICALLY, HOW CLOSE COULD YOU GET TO THE BIG BANG?

>> MAYBE MARCIA SHOULD ANSWER THAT, IT'S HER INSTRUMENT.

>> OKAY, MARCIA SHA.

>> YOU CAN GET MAYBE -- MOTHER NATURE WILL PREVENT US FROM GETTING ANY CLOSER TO THE BIG BANG THAN ABOUT 500,000 YEARS.

AND BUT WE DON'T THINK THAT WE CAN ACTUALLY GET THAT CLOSE BECAUSE AT THAT POINT IN TIME, WE DON'T THINK ANY STARS HAD FORMED YET.

AND SO PART OF OUR JOB IS TO FIND WHEN DO THESE FIRST FORM STARS FORM AGGREGATES THAT WE CAN DETECT.

>> AND YOU ARE SEEING SOME OF THAT, REPORT NEW.

>> WE THINK SO.

WE NEED TO ANALYZE THIS PICTURE SOME MORE AND THEN IN SEPTEMBER WE ARE GOING TO TAKE SOME IMAGES THAT WILL HAVE 10 TIMES THE EXPOSURE AND SO WE SHOULD REALLY BE ABLE TO PIN THIS DOWN.

>> OH, MY GOODNESS, THOSE MUST BE FANTASTIC.

WHAT KIND OF TIMETABLE, GEORGE, ARE WE LOOKING AT?

WHEN SHOULD THE NEXT IMAGES COME ABOUT?

IS THERE A SCHEDULE INVOLVED HERE?

>> THE TELESCOPE IS TAKING IMAGES EVEN AS WE SPEAK RIGHT NOW.

IT HAS A WHOLE SEQUENCE.

IT DOES THIS ALL AUTOMATICALLY.

SO A LONG SEQUENCE OF OBSERVATIONS ARE SENT UP TO IT AND THEN IT JUST DOES IT ON ITS OWN, ROBOTICALLY, BECAUSE IT'S NOT IN TOUCH WITH THE EARTH ALL THE TIME.

SO EXCITING NEW STUFF IS COMING DOWN TO THE GROUND A COUPLE OF TIMES A DAY WHEN A DOWNLOAD IS BEING TAKEN CONTINUOUSLY.

THERE IS GOING TO BE A LOT OF EXCITING NEW STUFF.

>> YEAH.

I GUESS WHAT NASA IS RELEASING THIS SLOWLY TO MAKE SURE, WHAT, THE INTEREST CONTINUES?

>> WELL, IT GETS TO THE SCIENTISTS PRETTY MUCH RIGHT AWAY.

BUT NASA IS SAVING THE VERY BEST FOR YOU ALL.

IT'S NOT GOING TO RELEASE JUST ANY SCIENTIFIC NERDY STUFF.

IT'S GOING TO ONLY GIVE YOU THE REALLY SPECTACULAR STUFF.

>> WELL, JOB DONE THERE.

GOODNESS, THESE IMMATERIAL ILLS ARE SPECTACULAR.

AND THEN SOME.

DR. MARCIA REIKE, DR. GEORGE REIKE, U OF A ASTRONOMERS BEING BOTH.

CONGRATULATIONS BY THE WAY ON THE SUCCESS WAS MISSION SO FAR AND CONTINUED SUCCESS, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.

>> THANKS FOR HAVING US.

>> YOU BET.

UP NEXT ON "ARIZONA HORIZON", HOW AN ASU PROFESSOR PLANS TO USE THE NEW "SCOPE'S IMAGES TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE ORIGINS OF THE UNIVERSITY.

>>> THERE IS A DEEP HUMAN NEED FOR DIVERSITY IN MUSIC JUST AS THERE IS IN LITERATURE.

I HEARD ABOUT MEREDITH McKINNEY WHO NOTICED THAT THERE WERE CHARACTERS MISSING FROM BOOKS.

>> THE BLACK BOOK PROJECT WAS DESIGNED TO INCREASE REPUTATION IN CHILDREN'S LITERATURE SO THAT BLACK CHILDREN WERE ABLE TO RECEIVE BOOKS THAT BEING LOOK LIKE THEM.

>> I AM CAM AND MEREDITH McKINNEY IS THE INSPIRATION FOR MY AMERICAN ANTHEM.

>>> ALL NEW FRIDAY NIGHT AT 9:00 ON ARIZONA PBS.

>>> ONE OF THE GOALS THE JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE IS TO LOOK BACK AT THE UNIVERSE AS FAR AS POSSIBLE TO BETTER UNDERSTAND WHAT HAPPENED RIGHT AFTER THE BIG BANG OUR NEXT GUEST HAS LONG RESEARCHED THE UNIVERSE'S ORIGINS, HE'S ROGIER WINDHORST, REGENTS PROFESSOR AT ASU SCHOOL OF EARTH AND SCIENCE AND ONE OF SIX INTERIM DISCIPLINARY SCIENTISTS TO CHOSEN BY NASA TO WORK WITH THE NEW SPACE TELESCOPE.

WE SPOKE WITH PROFESSOR WINDHORST EARLIER TODAY.

ROGIER, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US ON "ARIZONA HORIZON."

GOOD TO HAVE YOU, IT'S GOTTA BE EXCITING TIME TO BE A SCIENTIST.

ABOUT OF WE GET HAD TO ALL OF THE WHERE FORS AND WHATNOTS, YOUR ROLE WITH THE JWST, WHAT IS IT?

>> I HAVE BEEN INVOLVED IN IT ALMOST 21 YEARS AS INTERIM DISCIPLINARY SCIENTIST.

AND BEFORE THAT THINKING ABOUT THE SCIENCE THAT IT CAN DO.

WHICH MEANS ADVISING NASA IN THE ROLE OF WHAT SCIENCE IT OUGHT TO BE ABLE DO ONCE IT'S PROPERLY BUILT AND UP FISH GO AHEAD.

THAT WAS A 20-YEAR PROCESS.

IT WAS PROBABLY THE HARDEST THING NASA HAS EVER DONE, IT WASN'T EASY.

BUT WE DID IT.

AND NASA DID IT.

AND THE FOREIGN COLLABORATORS, CANADA, EUROPE, DID IT.

WE BUILT IT AS ADVERTISED AND IT'S WORKING BETTER THAN WE EXPECTED.

>> INDEED.

YOU ARE AN INTER DISCIPLINARY SCIENTIST, ONE OF SIX INVOLVED.

WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?

WHAT DO YOU DO?

>> NEED CARE ABOUT ALL THE SIGNS, NOT JUST BY OWN BACKYARD I CARE ABOUT JUPITER AND EVERYTHING UNTIL THE EDGE OF THE UNIVERSE, WE WANTED TO MAKE SURE THAT IT COULD DO EXOPLANETS, STAR FORMATION, GALAXIES, BLACK HOLES, THE MOST DISTANT GALAXY, GRAVITATIONAL LIPSING, ALL OF THE ABOVE AND EVERYTHING IN BETWEEN.

>> WITH THE FIRST IMAGES, FOR THOSE OF US, YOU KNOW, US LAY PEOPLE THESE ARE SPECTACULAR, BUT FOR YOU THESE MUST BE LIFE CHANGE, WHAT WERE YOUR THOUGHTS WHEN YOU SAW THESE THINGS IN.

>> OUT OF THIS WORLD GOOD.

YOU KNOW, TRULY BEYOND OUR WILDEST DREAMS.

THE FIRST IMAGE THAT PRESIDENT BIDEN REVEALED MONDAY NIGHT LAST WEEK IT WAS JUST FLABBER GASTING.

IT WE KNEW IT WOULD BE GOOD.

WE DIDN'T THINK IT WOULD BE THIS GOOD.

LITERALLY OUT OF THIS WORLD.

EINSTEIN WOULD BE VERY HAPPY.

>> I BET HE WOULD.

BUT, I MEAN, WHEN YOU SAW THIS, HAD NOW AS SOMEONE WHO SPENT SO MUCH TIME LOOKING IN TO THE ORIGINS OF THE UNIVERSITY AND RESEARCHING IT YOU HAVE A HUBBLE TELESCOPE IMAGE BEHIND YOU THAT WILL LOOK LIKE BLACK AND WHITE ONCE WE GET THE JWST.

WHAT DID YOU SEE?

WHAT DID THOSE IMAGES TELL YOU ABOUT THE UNIVERSE'S ORIGINS?

>> I SAW FOR THE LACK OF A BETTER WORD THE COSMIC CIRCLE OF LIFE, THE CRADLE OF COSMIC STAR FORMATION ALL THE WAY FROM THE BEGINNING UNTIL TODAY.

>> WE SAW GALAXY FORMATION WE SAW STARS DYING AND THROWING OUT THEIR OUTER LAYERS OUT OF WHICH OUR OWN SON WAS FORMED 4 1/2 BILLION YEARS AGO AND JUPITER AND THE SPECTRUM OF ANNEX OWE PLANET WITH THE ATMOSPHERE AND IT WAS UNBELIEVABLE.

WE ARE LOOKING BACK IN TO TIME TO WHERE OUR ORIGINS STARTED WHERE THE FIRST CHEMICAL ELEMENTS WERE FORMED.

THE BIG BANG PREVIEWED HYDROGEN AND HELIUM BUT THEN IT STOPPED.

EVERYTHING THAT WE ARE MADE OFF CARBON, NITROGEN, OXYGEN I HOPE YOU TOOK OUR IRON THIS MORNING ARE ALL MADE INSIDE STARS AND WE SEE THE STARS DO THEIR THING BACK TO THE BEGINNING AND IT'S VERY IMPRESSIVE.

>> WHAT GETS ME AND IT'S MIND BLOWING HERE, IS THAT WHEN YOU SEE THE IMAGES OF THE UNIVERSE AND THESE THINGS THAT ARE BILLIONS OF LIGHT YEARS AWAY, THEY HAVE FUNDAMENTALLY CHANGED RIGHT NOW THOSE THINGS AREN'T THE WAY THAT IMAGE LOOKS BECAUSE THAT WAS BILLIONS OF YEARS AGO.

>> THAT'S RIGHT.

AND YOU HAVE TO LET THAT SINK IN.

THE IMAGE THAT BIDEN REVEALED MONDAY NIGHT LAST WEEK THAT GALAXY CLUSTER IS NOT THAT FAR A WASHING BUT 4.6 BILLION LIGHT YEARS AWAY, AND THE GRAVITATIONAL LENSES EVERYTHING THAT'S BEHIND IT SORT OF COMES BEAUTIFUL MAGNIFIED ARCS AND AMPLIFIES THE LIGHT IN WAYS YOU COULD NEVER OTHERWISE SEE AND THAT GALAXY WAS SEEN BEFORE THE EARTH AND THE SUN WERE BORN.

SO YOU WANT TO THINK ABOUT IT THIS WAY, WE ARE A BIT OF A COT MICK AFTERTHOUGHT.

WE WERE MADE IN THE LAST 1/3 OF THE AGE OF THE UNIVERSE.

ALL OF THESE OTHER THINGS WERE THERE BEFORE US.

AND WE CAN SEE THAT.

>> YEAH.

THAT IS JUST FANTASTIC.

AND MAYBE A COUPLE OF BILLION YEARS FROM NOW, SOMEONE LOOKING BACK THIS DIRECTION IS GOING TO SEE US AS WE ARE TODAY.

>> YEP.

THAT'S RIGHT.

THEY SEE US IN OUR YOUTH BY THAT TIME WE WILL BE LONG GONE.

>> WE WILL BE LONG GONE.

THE IDEA OF USING GRAVITY AS A WAY FOR EXTREME MAGNIFICATION, I FIND THIS FASCINATING.

HOW EXACTLY DOES THAT WORK?

>> WELL, I LIKEN IT TO TAKING MY KID TO THE ENTRY OF WALMART WHEN YOU PUT A PENNY IN THAT WELL THOREAU STATES, YEAH, YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH THIS.

AND THAT'S WHAT GRAVITY DOES TO LIGHT RAYS IT'S LIKE THROWING A LIGHT RAY IN A BIG BUCKET AND IT HAS A HARD TIME GETTING OUT BECAUSE OF THE CURVATURE OF THE BUCKET JUST LIKE THE PENNY DOESN'T COME OUT.

BUT IT ACTUALLY SINKS IN TO THE CENTER HOLE.

AND LIGHT DOES KIND OF THE SAME THING IN THE PRESENCE OF STRONG GRAVITY LIKE IF YOU HAVE A LOT OF MASS, LIKE THESE GALAXIES BEHIND ME AND THE ONES YOU SAW IN THE FIRST IMAGE FROM WEBB, TREMENDOUSLY BENDS THE LIGHT ON ITS PATH TOWARDS US, IT DOESN'T COME ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE, IT TURNS THE UNIVERSE.

>> EINSTEIN'S HOUSE OF MIRRORS IF YOU WISH.

>> YEAH, YEAH, SEES AROUND CORNERS AS WELL, TRUE?

>> YEAH.

AND EVERYTHING GETS SEEN THREE OR FOUR TIMES.

IT'S LITERALLY LIKE A HOUSE OF MILES ANMIRRORS .

>> COMMON SENSE WOULD DICTATE YOU ARE SEEING SOMETHING BILLIONS OF LIGHT YEARS AWAY, CERTAINLY SOMETHING SHOULD BE IN THE WAY BETWEEN NOW AND THEN, WHY ARE ALL THESE THINGS NOT BEING BLOCKED?

>> SOME OF THEM ARE.

WE PREDICTED THIS A WHILE AGATHA THE UNIVERSE WOULD NOT ONLY LOOK LIKE A HOUSE OF MIRROR BUT ALSO LIKE, YOU KNOW, YOU CAM SEE THE FOREST FOR THE TREES ANYMORE.

THERE ARE SO MANY TREES IN THE FOREST.

YOU CAN'T SEE THE ONES IN THE BACKGROUND, THERE IS THAT TOO AND WE NEED TO CORRECT FOR THAT.

WHILE WE MAKE OUR SKAT STAT CAL STUDIES .

>> HOW DOES THIS CHANGE WHAT YOU DO FOR YOUR RESEARCH?

>> IT'S THE BEGINNING OF A NEW ERA.

A NEW GOLDEN AGE IN ASTRONOMY.

HUBBLE WAS QUITE SOMETHING, BUT THIS IS A WHOLE OTHER CHAPTER TOGETHER.

BUY NEW TEXTBOOKS FOR YOUR A ASTRONOMY COURSES NEXT YEAR BECAUSE EVERYTHING YOU LEARNED WILL BE OP SLEET.

>> ISN'T THAT HUBBLE.

YOU MENTIONED HUBBLE AND YOU DID A LOT OF RESEARCH INVOLVING HUBBLE.

THE IMMATERIAL BELIEVE BEHIND YOU IS FROM HUBBLE.

NEEDS UPDATE BUYING THE WAY.

THAT -- THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HUBBLE AND JAMES WEBB IS WHAT, THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A MODEL-T AND FERRARI WATCH KIND OF ANALOGY.

>> LOOKING AT THE UNIVERSE THROUGH A FOG OR LOOKING AT THE UNIVERSE CLEARLY.

IT IS THAT DIFFERENCE.

WEBB IS NOT ONLY BETTER RESOLUTION, BECAUSE IT'S A LARGE ERTEL SCOPE, BUT ALSO LOOKS FURTHER IN INFRARED WHILE YOU LOOK THROUGH THE SMOKE AND DUST OF COSMIC STAR FORMATION.

>> YEAH.

I BET YOU CAN'T WAIT TO GET BACK TO WORK.

>> OH, NO, I ENJOY THIS, THIS IS FUN, I WILL BE HAPPY.

I WISH I COULD SHOW YOU MORE, BUT WE NEED TO WAIT UNTIL OUR IMMATERIAL THINKS ARE DEEMBARGOD AND SHOW THEM TO YOU.

YOU HAVE SEEN NOTHING YET.

>> WE HAVE SEEN QUITE A BIT ROGER WINDHORST.

SAU SCHOOL OF EXPLORATION, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US AND CONGRATULATIONS ON ALL THE SUCCESS WITH THE TELESCOPE.

>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH, TED.

♪♪ MUSIC PLAYING ♪♪ ♪♪ MUSIC PLAYING ♪♪ >> BISSELL PEDESTRIAN FOUNDATION IS HOSTING AN EVENT TO COVER THE ADOPTION COSTS AS PART OF THEIR EMPTY THEY ARES INNING INITIATIVE.

JOIN IS US TODAY IS ALESSANDRA NAVIDAD PRESIDENT AND CEO OF AAWL.

GOOD TO HAVE YOU HERE, WHO ELSE DO WE HAVE JOINING US HERE?

>> THANKS SO MUCH, TED.

SO WE'VE GOT GEORGE AND JERRY.

>> YEAH.

>> AND THEY ARE THREE MONTHS OLD KITTIES THAT ARE UP FOR ADOPTION.

AS PART OF THIS SPECIAL THAT WE ARE DOING WITH THE BISSELL FOUNDATION, THEY ARE VERY RAMBUNCTIOUS, BUT VERY SWEET, VERY SOCIAL KITTIES AND THEY ARE FOUND ADOPTION, THEY HAVE FELV AND SO THAT IS, YOU KNOW, AB AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE THAT CATS GET THAT LIMITS THEM FROM LIVING WITH OTHER CATS IN THE HOUSEHOLD.

SO WE WOULD LOVE TO SEE THEM GO HOME TOGETHER.

AND THEIR DOINGS FEES ARE BEING SPONSORED BY KATHY BISSELL AND THE BISSELL FOUNDATION.

>> THAT'S WHAT'S GOING ON THE FOUNDATION SAYS WE HAVE A BUNCH OF CATS WE ARE GOING TO TRY TO MAKE IT AS EASY AND AFFORD AFFORDABLE AS POSSIBLE TO FIND NEW HOMES.

>> FOR SURE, THEY COVER ALL THE ADOPTION FEES THE FEES INCLUDE THEIR NEUTER, THEY HAVE ALL THEIR VACCINES, AND THEY HAVE BEEN SEEN BY VETERINARIAN AND SO, YES, WE ARE PARTNERING WITH HEM AND THEY ARE VERY GENEROUS.

>> THE DATES FOR THIS?

>> THROUGH JULY 31st, GOING ON RIGHT NOW.

STARTED ON TUESDAY.

AND SO BETWEEN NOW AND JULY 31st, ALL OF THE ADOPTION FEES NOW FOR ANIMALS THAT ARE CATS AND DOGS OVER A YEAR OLD.

THESE LITTLE GUYS ARE PART OF THE PROMOTION BECAUSE THEY HAVE BEEN AT THE SHELL TORE LONGER THAN ARE NORMAL.

THEY HAVE BEEN THERE 30 DAYS BECAUSE THEY ARE FVLD POSITIVE THEY HAVE MORE NEEDS.

WE HAVE ONE CHILL AND THEN THEY BOTH ARE ACTUALLY PRETTY CHILL.

>> AND JERRY WAS SUCH A NICE GUY IN THE BACKROOM AND NOW HE'S GOING CRAZY, HE WANTS HIS TIME IN THE SPOTLIGHT.

THE CRISIS AT SHELTERS RIGHT NOW IS IT DIFFERENT THAN PREVIOUS SUMMER?

S WHAT ARE YOU SEEING?

>> YOU KNOW, IT IS, IT'S INCREASED.

OUR OWNER VERDICTS HAVE DRAMATICALLY INCREASED FOR US.

NORMALLY THEY ARE ABOUT, YOU KNOW, 10%, THEY ARE ABOUT 23% NOW AND IT'S THE COMBINATION OF A LOT OF THINGS, HOUSING CHALLENGES, ECONOMIC CHALLENGES, JOB LOSS, PEOPLE MOVING.

PEOPLE STRUGGLING.

AND SO AS A RESULT, WE HAVE SEEN AN INCREASE.

IN THOSE IN PARTICULARS, LOOK AT HIM.

HE LIKES YOUR MICROPHONE.

>> LIKES THE PAYING PHONE.

YES.

>> BUT ALSO IT'S THE MIDDLE OF CAT SEASON RIGHT NOW.

WE INTAKE 1300 CATS OVER THE SUMMER MONTHS.

>> I IMAGINE KITTENS ARE EASIER TO MOVE?

>> THEY ARE.

YES.

THEY GET ADOPTED QUICKLY.

WE HAVE MANY AT THE SHELTER AND SO, YES, SO THESE HAVE SAT LONGER JUST BECAUSE THEY HAVE GOT SPECIAL NEEDS.

BUT ANY OF THE CATS THAT ARE OVER A YEAR OLD ARE GOING TO BE COMPLETELY FREE.

THEIR ADOPTIONS WILL BE COUGHED BY THE BISSELL FOUNDATION.

AND YOU ARE ALSO LOOKING FOR FOSTER PARENTS, TRUE?

>> WE ARE.

YES.

WE HAVE SPECIALLY NOW TO HELP US WITH THOSE KITTENS, WE ARE LOOKING FOR BOTTLE BABY FEEDERS, A THE LOVE LITTLE NEONATES THAT COME IN IF YOU WANT TO FOSTER I AM AVAILABLE FOR TWO DAYS OR TWO WEEKS AND WE'LL WORK AROUND YOUR SCHEDULE.

>> I WAS GOING SAY HOW DO YOU APPLY?

>> CHECK OUT OUR WEBSITE AAWL AND GO TO THE VOLUNTEER SECTION AND THEN WE HAVE THE APPLICATION ONLINE.

>> AND HOW IMPORTANT IS HAVING THESE COUNTRIES FOSTERED?

>> EXTREMELY IMPORTANT.

THEY ARE COMING IN, THEY ARE TOO SMALL TO BE ALTERED AND SO A LOT OF TIMES THEY WOMB IN WEIGHING LESS THAN A POUND AND SO WE RELY ON OUR FOSTERS TO HELP FEED THEM, TO HELP THEM GROW HAPPY AND HEALTHY AND TO BE STRONG ENOUGH AT ABOUT TWO POUNDS WHERE THEY CAN BE ALTERED AND THEN THEY GO UP FOR ADOPTION.

>> YEAH.

TALK ABOUT AGO.

AWL.

TALK ABOUT THE MISSION AND THE PROGRAMS YOU ARE INVOLVED IN.

>> SURE, WE ARE ARIZONA'S LARGEST NO-KILL SHELTER WE OFFER COMMUNITY PROGRAMS EVERYTHING FROM ADOPTIONS TO BEHAVIOR SUPPORT, VOLUNTEER PROGRAMS, FOSTERING, WE HAVE AN AMAZING LOW-COST COMMUNITY CLINIC THAT'S BEEN AROUND SINCE 2012 WHERE WE SERVE OUR LOCAL COMMUNITY AND WE ARE HERE TO PROVIDE THOSE VETERINARY SERVICES AS WELL.

WE ARE KIND OF ALL AROUND SHELTER.

AND WE HAVE BEEN IN THE COMMUNITY FOR OVER 50 YEARS.

>> WOW, FOR OVER 50 YEARS.

>> OVER 50 YEARS.

>> WHEN YOU -- WITH YOUR PROGRAMS AND EVERYTHING.

WHAT KIND OF QUESTIONS DO YOU GET FROM PERSPECTIVE OWNERS AND FAMILY FOR HIMLIES .

>> FROM PERSPECTIVE ADOPTERS.

HOW MUCH EXERCISE FOR EXAMPLE DO ANIMALS REQUIRE.

YOU KNOW, IT'S SORT OF BASICALLY QUESTIONS HOW TO BE A RESPONSIBLE PET OWNER.

YOU KNOW, AND FROM FOSTERS, THE QUESTION ALSO IS, YOU KNOW, HOW LONG OF A COMMITMENT DO I HAVE TO MAKE, PEOPLE FEEL LIKE THEY'LL HAVE TO FOSTER FOR MANY, MANY MONTHS.

BUT WE ARE ALWAYS LOOKING NOT JUST FOR BOTTLE BABY FOSTERS, BUT MEDICAL FOSTERS AND YOU KNOW, BEHAVIOR FOSTERS AS WELL.

BUT RIGHT NOW, ADOPTION IS THE BIG PROMOTION.

>> RIGHT.

RIGHT.

AGAIN WITH THE BISSELL FOUNDATION AND YOU WORK WITH OTHER AREAS AS WELL, SOME MILL PUPPIES AND THINGS LIKE THAT.

>> WE PARTNER WITH MAN OTHER RESCUE AS CROSS THE STATE AND COUNTRY AND NATIONAL MILL DOG RESCUE IS ANOTHER ONE OUR PARTNERS.

WHERE WE FRANCE PORT ANIMALS THAT HAVE BEEN USED AS BREEDING ANIMAL, WE TRANSPORT THEM TO THE SHELTER AND FIND THEM HOMES .

>> VERY GOOD.

YOU ARE DOING GREAT WORK THERE, CONGRATULATIONS ON THE GREAT WORK.

GOOD LUKE WITH THE EMPTY THE SHELTER THIS.

GUY CAN'T WAIT TO EM TER THIS SHELTER.

ALL RIGHT, JERRY, IT'S ALMOST OVER.

JERRY AND GEORGE, THANK FOR BRINGING JERRY AND GEORGE BY BEST OF LUCK WE HOPE IT WORKS OUT WELL AND WE CAN FIND HOMES FOR SOME OF THESE GUYS.

>> THANKS SO MUCH FOR YOUR SUPPORT, TED.

>> YOU BET YOU.

AND THANK YOU JERRY FOY HANGING IN THERE.

PROGRAM IS NOTE "ARIZONA HORIZON" WILL BE PREEMPTED TOMORROW AS ARIZONA PBS PROVIDES COVERAGE OF THE LATEST CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE HEARING INVESTIGATING THE RIOT AT THE U.S. CAPITOL THAT STARTS TOMORROW AT 5:00 P.M. THAT IS IT FOR NOW.

I AM TED SIMONS.

THANKS SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.

YOU HAVE A GREAT EVENING.

♪♪ MUSIC PLAYING ♪♪ >>> ONING UP IN THE NEXT HALF HOUR ON ARIZONA PBS.

CON CRUDE NEWS NEW TECHNOLOGY AT THE AIRPORT IS MAKING IT EASIER FOR TRAVELERS WHO ARE BLIND AND VISUALLY IMPAIRED.

♪♪ MUSIC PLAYING ♪♪