

April 25, 2023
4/25/2023 | 55m 37sVideo has Closed Captions
Dmytro Kuleba; Justin J. Pearson; Gloria Johnson; Adm. William McRaven (Ret.)
Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba discusses the latest on the war in his country. Justin J. Pearson and Gloria Johnson discuss Tennessee politics. Adm. William McRaven (Ret.) explains the message of his new book "The Wisdom of the Bullfrog." Plus: an interview from the archives with the late Harry Belafonte.
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Problems playing video? | Closed Captioning Feedback

April 25, 2023
4/25/2023 | 55m 37sVideo has Closed Captions
Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba discusses the latest on the war in his country. Justin J. Pearson and Gloria Johnson discuss Tennessee politics. Adm. William McRaven (Ret.) explains the message of his new book "The Wisdom of the Bullfrog." Plus: an interview from the archives with the late Harry Belafonte.
Problems playing video? | Closed Captioning Feedback
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PBS and WNET, in collaboration with CNN, launched Amanpour and Company in September 2018. The series features wide-ranging, in-depth conversations with global thought leaders and cultural influencers on issues impacting the world each day, from politics, business, technology and arts, to science and sports.Providing Support for PBS.org
Learn Moreabout PBS online sponsorship>> Welcome.
Here is what is coming up.
>> Let's finish the job.
I know we can.
>> President Biden says -- makes his bid for reelection.
And >> We had a good meeting with the president and the Vice President Kamala Harris.
>> Asked 22 of the so-called Tennessee three lawmakers about their Oval Office jet.
>> Learned from your mistakes, listen better next time.
Course leadership lessons from atop Navy SEAL.
We remember the legendary entertainer Harry Belafonte who has died at 96.
>> This is made possible by the Anderson family fund, Jim Attwood and Leslie Williams, the family foundation of Leila and Trask, Mark J Blechner, Bernard and didn't Schwartz.
Committed to bridging cultural differences in our communities.
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We try to live in the moment to not miss what is right in front of us.
At mutual of America, we believe taking care of tomorrow can help you make the most of today.
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Additional support provided by these funders.
Thank you.
>> President Biden has finally said it out loud.
He is officially running for reelection.
The first step on a long campaign Road.
One that could lead to a rematch with Former President Donald Trump.
Biden sees himself as a champion of global democracy.
This is when Russia launched the second invasion last year.
There are reports that the administration is concerned about what could be accomplished in any spring counteroffensive.
The Russians keep hammering away.
News today that a missile strike in Kharkiv.
I have been speaking about the challenges ahead with Ukrainian Foreign Minister.
Welcome back to the program.
>> I am sitting here in the United States, President Biden has just announced today he will run again for reelection.
Do they really believe Ukraine can win?
Are they going to be able to keep up this commitment?
What are your feelings right now?
>> We are confident President Biden once Ukraine to win.
Especially after the successful experience of the Ukrainian counteroffensive last year.
People should not be asking if we believe or do not believe in Ukraine's victory.
This is what the United States is doing by providing us this necessary support.
>> Except I think you believe it is not wide enough and and the right time.
So much has been made on the spring counteroffensive then you are going to -- that you are going to lunch.
What is the status?
Can you do what you did last year?
>> We will achieve good results.
My only comment would be to see the counteroffensive -- counter funds are not as one sees in battle but a series of events.
The goal of which will be full restoration of Ukraine's territory.
I can be very honest with you.
Why would appreciate everything that has already been pledged and delivered, this is not good enough.
Especially -- there are very -- there are many nuances when you fight a war.
We do see artillery ammunition from the United States and other countries.
Ammunition of this caliber.
We received very few.
The number is critically low.
Artillery rounds with a maximum range of 30 km.
These rounds are critically important to destroy Russian defensive lines and to conduct counter battery fire.
That is to destroy them.
This is a big issue.
It may sound technical.
This is a very big issue.
We need not just artillery ammunition but some very specific titles.
This is something we expect we would be very grateful for the United States if they could corrupt the supplies -- the supplies in this respect away.
>> You actually tweeted about the EU.
Your other major partner.
The inability of the EU to implement its own decision on the joint procurement of ammunition for Ukraine is frustrating.
This is a test of whether or not the EU has strategic autonomy in making these crucial decisions.
The cost of an action is measured in human lives.
What are you questioning?
What does it mean?
Strategic autonomy?
Question this is the concept that some people in Europe entertain for many years.
That Europe has become more strategically independent from other partners and players in the world.
My message was very simple.
I said if you are serious about this concept, you have to prove it on a daily basis.
You can't make important decisions without bureaucratic discussions.
I want to be clear, I appreciate everything the EU has done.
As I said in my tweet, we pay with the lives of people for discussions which cannot be brought to a logical end.
I do not question the willingness of Eve member states to reach consensus at this time.
That is the problem they addressed.
In this tweet but also in my address to the Council of EU foreign ministers.
>> I have spoken to many times.
You've done many interviews putting your country's case to myself and many other news organizations.
I feel I am hearing from you is like questioning.
Maybe a little low energy in terms of your faith in what might come to support you.
I am wondering whether you agree with the various different views of what might happen in the next few months.
There are those who are saying that unless Ukraine's counteroffensive shows the kind of results it did last year, it may cause some of your allies and backers to require -- maybe to speed up the timeline to go toward negotiations.
How do you react to that?
>> Perhaps I need another coffee to make my voice sound more energetic but I would like to completely disagree with those who claim that this is the final battle, this is the moment that if Ukraine does not show appropriate results, we have to seek other ways of putting this conflict to an end.
This is completely wrong.
It is completely misleading.
This logic is a betrayal of all the victims of this war and all the effort that was made by the people of Ukraine and by our generous partners to help us defend our country.
If we drown in discussions of alternative scenarios, this will be the best gift we can give.
But also the betrayal of everything that has been done to get to this point.
>> Put his narrative appears to be getting some traction.
In the usual corners and with the usual suspects.
Now increasingly, people like the president of Brazil are coming out with very strong talk about the fact that he wants to build a coalition for peace, that he is Primo's repeat in the Russian narrative for why this war is underway.
He is talking about try to be a reliable interlocutor for ending this war.
What do you say to the leader of a democratic country like Brazil?
>> We welcome every piece effort , wherever it comes from.
Given that first, this piece effort does not imply that Ukraine has two seed part of its territory to Russia in exchange for the end of war because it never worked and it will never work.
Second, that this conflict does not get frozen.
Any peace plan that does not lead to Ukraine seating territory to Russia we are the -- willing to discuss.
We are willing to discuss that.
If the president wants to invest his capital in building a coalition with a group of countries with full respect of these two principles which I just mentioned, we are ready to talk with them but when he mentioned -- when he said something that goes beyond the principles I mentioned, we publicly react.
We don't have a problem with that.
What is at stake?
Here is the territorial integrity.
Of our people.
We will be putting forward as long as we can.
>>, Foreign Minister, you wrote a lengthy article about why you think Ukraine should be part of NATO at some point.
He also tweeted and talked about how you want to make sure that Ukraine's partnership with the EU is not slow down.
Is this part of your checking your strategy?
Question Ukraine's membership in NATO cannot stop the war.
But it will help to prevent wars and Euro Atlantic area in the future.
This is the issue at stake here.
As long as Ukraine is left outside of NATO, being the closest friend and most respected ally, special partner, whatever the alternative, the surrogate will be, as long as Ukraine remains outside of NATO, there will be a risk of repeated Russian aggression against Ukraine.
That is why it is strategically wise to exclude and eliminate this risk from the international agenda.
Whatever the price of keeping peace is, the price of restoring peace is always higher.
>> What you are saying, peace and stability in Europe require excepting the inevitable.
Ukraine will become a NATO member and sooner rather than later.
It is time for the allies to stop making excuses and start the process that leads to Ukraine's eventual succession, showing Putin that he has already failed and forcing him to temper his ambitions.
I'm kind of repeating what you just said but you said political bill has been lacking.
>> Yes.
In 2008, allies agreed in Bucharest, many that Ukraine will be a member of NATO.
Since then, NATO just repeats these words as mantra, reiterating its open-door policy.
Since then, we have heard many excuses about why Ukraine shouldn't be in NATO.
And history proves all of these arguments wrong.
It is finally time to recognize the reality and make it happen.
Anyone who says it is impossible , I would like to refer to the case of Finland.
Finland is a member of NATO.
A year ago, slightly more than a year ago, it was impossible to imagine this would happen but now there was political will to get Finland on board, here they are and we are happy for them, they are good friends.
Everything is possible when there is political will.
Everything else is secondary.
The primary thing is political will.
As of now, that political will and the alliance is lacking.
>> Let me ask you finally about the situation that you find yourself.
Budapest played a huge role in the history of Ukraine and it was about giving up your nuclear weapons, that was back in the 90's and your territorial integrity and your sovereignty and independence would be guaranteed by the United States and Russia and I asked President Clinton about this when I interviewed him around the northern island 25th year anniversary.
I asked him whether he regretted pushing and arranging for Ukraine to give up its nuclear weapons to Russia.
This is what he said.
Request that was the right decision at the time.
They were the third-biggest nuclear power in the road at the time.
South Africa and Brazil were about to join.
They totally give up their program because of what we were doing.
Ukraine played a very positive role and we tried to guarantee their territorial integrity.
>> Was your reaction all these years later?
>> Despite the growth in 1994, the United States joined efforts with the Federation to disarm Ukraine and to take -- to make us give up our nuclear weapons.
President Clinton rightly mentions other countries.
None of them give up -- gave up their nuclear strategies.
None of them got invaded.
We were.
We were given the promise that our territorial integrity would be respected in return for giving up nuclear weapons.
But when Russia invaded Ukraine in 2014, the world found no real instrument to stop them from doing it.
The memorandum was largely ignored.
To some extent, I have to say that you took our defense from us.
You owe us something.
It was a big tragedy.
The reason why this tragedy happened was because the United States at that time did not believe in Ukraine.
They do not believe Ukraine would become a reliable partner and friend of the United States.
They still put their stakes on Russia as a reliable partner but history proved that there was a wrong analysis.
Those who hesitate about the prospect of Ukraine's victory today as they did in 1994, they have to finally believe in Ukraine.
Those who hesitate to make a decision on providing Ukraine with F-16s for whatever reasons, they have to change their mind, you have to believe in Ukraine proved it is a friend, a reliable partner and we can win.
It is only a question of time and price.
>> You have said it loud and clear.
Thank you very much for joining us.
Making the case for continuing the commitment to defend Ukraine for as long as it takes.
Turning to the end of an important era here in the United States, one of the last remaining giants of the civil rights movement, Harry Belafonte has died.
The groundbreaking signature -- singer and activist inspired generations around the world and the struggle for nonviolent resistance, justice and change.
It was that spirit on full display in the Tennessee State house when three lawmakers faced his motion for protesting and advocating gun-control.
To Blackman, Justin Jones and Justin JP as her expelled.
Gloria Johnson survived by a single vote.
After an uproar, the two men were reinstated.
The incident caused President Biden to invite all of them to the Oval Office.
Two of those lawmakers are joining me now to talk about this and the road ahead.
Justin J Peterson and Gloria Johnson, welcome both of you to the program.
Can I start by asking you, you met with the president and the White House just hours before he dropped his reelection video.
Did you have any sense that this was coming?
>> We did not know and did not talk much about reelection.
We talked about the resurrection of a movement for justice to prevent gun violence from happening and doing all we can at the federal and state level to make sure children went home to their parents after school and that they did not have to go to the funerals of people they care about.
And the principles we hold so dear and seeing how antidemocratic the legislature has been behaving.
This is the reason we have to continue to build this movement.
>> What they decide about the antidemocratic nature of the legislation, you yourself commented on the fact that when this uproar happened and they were expelled and despite all of you being involved in the same protest, you spoke out about that.
The idea of racism seemed to be encompassed in what happened in the unequal treatment.
>> Absolutely.
I have been there for several years.
I have seen racism.
I have heard comments and -- in committee and on the floor.
I have seen it all through.
These two young men have so much to bring to the table.
These voices are critical.
We have to call it what it is.
As soon as they asked me what the difference was, I said the color of our skin.
It was apparent in the attitude of those who are asking the question.
If you are around in a Tennessee state legislature, you know what that was about.
>> Can I ask you both to reflect since we are going into a new election and it will just be all about that for the next more than a year, the nature of LI ship -- white people working together with their black friends and colleagues and altogether to try to move the ball down the road toward justice.
Was there more of the tent of that or not?
>> The only way we preserve democracy and the other wiki -- create the vision that all of us want to get into, the only way to do that is by making an intergenerational movement for justice.
We are seeing that coalition form.
The only way America becomes its best and most full self is through the co-conspirator ship.
You walked to the floor of the house.
You risk something in order for all of us to create justice.
That is the only way we can do that.
This is what I call the building of the Solidarity dividend.
People who choose a social location different from their own -- What comes, what is the fruition of that work is what justice looks like.
I guess I want to ask you both whether there was any talk of the White House of an actual phone investigation by the Justice Department as to whether the house legislator violated civil rights laws.
They have raised that possibility.
>> Certainly.
It is critical we bring these voices together and bring these voices to where the house floor.
The supermajority has a voice.
We are only 25% of the legislature and 45% of the electorate in Tennessee.
All the voices are not coming to the floor and they are silencing the voices that are there and in opposition.
We have to lift up those voices.
We have to have that multigenerational, multiracial body.
That is why it is so critical these voices from the two Justin's are so critical.
They are speaking to those voters, everybody.
Those voters really feel that and they understand and they are organized and smart.
They are building this movement.
I think I have hope that we are going to see action.
>> I just want to drill down a little bit on the actual offense which is gun violence that brought you into this spotlight and clearly you are talking about generations and we know the vast majority of the American people are for some form of sensible gun control.
Just to recap what happened to this month, a young black man was shot for knocking on the wrong door.
Cheerleaders were shot after accidentally entering and then quickly leaving the wrong car.
A six-year-old girl and her parents were shot after basketball rolled into a neighbors garden.
For somebody like me, this beggars belief.
It is unbelievable this is happening and so regularly.
I know you wanted to bring up the possibility of calling for a public health emergency around this issue to be declared.
Did you ask that?
What was your response?
>> We have an epidemic of gun violence in our country.
In every example you mentioned.
Whether knocking on the wrong door, driving up into the driveway, the epidemic of gun violence is touching every single person's life in this country.
It is apparent we have to do something.
We have to do something about the policies and the legislation that is making it way too easy and accessible for people to get weapons.
We know gun violence is a public health emergency.
Her community is dealing with story after story after story of another person being murdered.
We have a problem that we have something -- we have to do something about it.
They offered all their support to our efforts to continue to strategize, organize and coordinate to build a movement that does go across political parties.
It is not a Republican or Democratic issue.
It is not just about the protection of the second amendment were not.
It is about whether or not we care to protect kids and all of us want to ensure that everyone's child is able to come home at night.
We have a lot more that we can do and we are continuing and will continue to work with the administration and also within our legislature to create just policies and practices and lost about this movement for justice and keep you safe.
>> Gloria Johnson, you have been at this longer than Justin has.
He straddled different generations the two of you.
What hope do you have in your own legislature and others around the country to enact that kind of sensible protective policy for people?
The president has apparently exhausted all of his executive orders around this.
Do you have any realistic hope?
>> I absolutely have hope.
I have brought to read Fred log -- red flag was in the past.
They died on a party-line vote.
I brought safe storage bills as well but I feel like now with this movement of all the young people, the students and the parents and grandparents that are showing up by the thousands at our capital every day and the fact that legislators from Kentucky have reached out to us and they want to coordinate, we are getting other states, we are hearing from them.
Everyone is interested in working together.
As more groups come on board and we feel this movement nationwide, I think we will get something done.
Because I want to ask you about the generational gap and President Biden's reelection.
He said as part of his video that there is more work to be done and we have to get it done.
I'm paraphrasing but a new AP poll just out says only 26% of Americans want Joe Biden to run again.
Only 47% of Democrats want him to run.
That is fewer than half.
Our bill generational gap amongst Democrats.
We have a graph.
Less than 40% of younger Democrats from the ages 18-40 41 him to run again despite the majority approving of his performance.
You have this counterintuitive moment where people approve of what he has done but less than enthusiastic about him running again.
Take it away, both of you.
Make a case for why that is happening and why you think he is running to win.
>> I think it is early for a lot.
As you get into the campaign, you see proposed change.
Polls can change quickly.
I don't put a lot of faith in polls and early polls like this.
Let's let everything get moving first and then see where we go.
>> We are public servants of the people we represent in districts in Tennessee but the reality is we need to have a president who prioritizes the issue of gun violence prevention.
We need to have a president that is willing to say our democracy is at stake when Republican legislatures like the one in Tennessee are running much more like a mob autocracy, democracy.
Call it what it is, a threat to our democracy because we came up against the NRA, we came up against the Tennessee firearms Association.
We have to have a president willing to use their voice to advocate for justice for those being made the most marginalized.
Because of the unwillingness of people who are currently in positions of power to do something and to ask for justice and change.
The hope is that President Biden and Vice President Harris will be able to continue that work and continue to show people the issues all Americans care about are just not about you having D or are behind your name, is about as being able to know the difference between right and wrong and using that moral compass we have two create a place each one of us desire to live in.
Request a final question about the beloved community.
Tomorrow, none of the states celebrate Confederate Memorial Day.
That is an interesting historical fact that keeps going on.
You said as you came out of the Oval Office, you said this.
As I was sitting in the Oval Office, I saw the bust of Reverend Dr. King Junior and the bust of Rosa Parks.
All these people acted as are the political paradigm of what was possible and they changed political realities.
Let me end by asking you to reflect on the loss of the great civil rights hero and an entertainer of course, Harry Belafonte.
He did that.
What is his departure mean and struggle?
>> I will give him credit for an amazing quote.
The reality is that Harry Belafonte raised $70,000 for this organization.
He and Sidney Poitier who were extraordinary actors at the time, Stars, they went down to deliver the funds and the KKK and chase them in cars.
-- and the KKK chased them in cars.
That is taking a real risk for the cause of justice.
This is -- to lose an icon like that, I know he will be sorely missed.
He has left an amazing legacy for us all.
>> Absolutely.
I was just talking with Justin earlier about -- I remember my parents had his records and I would listen to them all the time.
We were joking because my mom would say he is so good-looking.
But it is amazing, they were so many firsts with him, what he did in entertainment.
We need those people in celebrity world and in the public to come along and join because their voices are critical and it helps get others on board.
He will be greatly missed.
I think people are coming up that are willing to take the helm there.
And just learn from everything he did and continue that work.
>> Indeed, a great inspiration.
Thank you both for being with us.
With President Joe Biden jumping into the fray today, questions about his leads -- his age and leadership.
From Brussels to Beijing, they are thinking about the applications of a second bite intern.
In four decades as a Navy seal, they learned a lot about leadership.
He has distilled that experience into a new book called the wisdom of the bullfrog.
Leadership made simple but not easy.
A craven speaks with Walter Isaacson about global hotspots and about and often neglected virtue.
Humility.
>> Thank you.
Welcome to the show.
You have this great new leadership book out called the wisdom of the bullfrog.
Tell me about that and what you learned.
>> The title of bullfrog is given to the longest-serving Navy SEAL on active duty.
As Navy SEALs, we are frog men.
You are the longest one serving, they gave her the title of the bullfrog.
The book is about the leadership lessons I learned.
People always have the seemingly moral dilemmas here.
Should I do this or should I do that?
They always seem to know the answer.
The answer is pretty simple.
Do what is honest, do what is noble, do what is dignified, do what is respectful.
Do what you know to be right by the rank and file.
You know what right looks like.
You just have to do it.
When people fail to do what is right and failed to do what is in the best interest of the organization and the people that work for them, invariably, they have built an organization that is a house of cards.
We tumbles at the wrong time.
Do what is right.
You just need to do it.
>> You oversaw the rate that got Osama bin Laden.
Tell me what leadership lessons you got from that one.
>> By the time the rate came along, I had been in the Navy about 34 years at that point in time.
I had been involved in about 10,000 missions.
Missions I either commanded, gone on or overseen from afar.
The leadership in this case was to make sure we did them in a simple fashion.
If you make it too complex, the risk factor goes up.
You have to inspire the men on your team.
They were all men in this particular case.
That was not hard to do.
They were going after the most wanted man in the world but you always have to do things that are going to take care of the reputation, the sense of duty and honor and country that is important for any military organization.
I wanted to make sure that when they got on target, we don't need this to kill anyone.
You follow the rules of engagement and the law of armed conflict.
You protect yourself and your organization.
We want to walk away from this operation with bin Laden either captured or killed and with the dignity the United States still intact.
We will do things right.
>> This involves an attribute that you don't often hear all bidders talking about.
We really have a deficit of it in our politics today.
That is humility.
It is a nice chapter about building the frog four.
I think some of the poison in our politics today comes from the fact that we don't have enough humility.
Explain what you would do about that.
>> It pays to be humble.
You are rarely the strongest or fastest.
The best seal in the boat.
The enemy always has a vote.
The enemy can be better.
If you underplay the enemy, you will likely get yourself into trouble.
The Green Berets or the seals go out on a mission.
Even if you are the leader in charge, you are prepared to listen to the comments about the nature of the plan.
Is this plan good?
The real critique comes after the mission.
If the mission has not gone well, they get these young troops back in the room.
Metaphorically take off their color devices or rank is not an issue and everybody gets to go at each other.
Their lives on the line.
If they fail to improve the next time, somebody could die.
I have learned humility many times in my career because I have been wrong many times.
The nature of leadership as you will be wrong.
Learn from mistakes, listen better next time, try not to make the same mistake again.
>> The war in Ukraine right now seems to have really hit a stalemate in some ways.
Back and forth, a lot of people dying for a lot of -- a very few feet of territory.
Do you think Putin might have not been able to gain what he needs to gain and Ukraine should flat -- should find some way with the United States to get a cease-fire before we have this?
>> I don't think so.
I like the strategy President Zelenskyy is putting into place.
They are holding the town of Buck mood.
There's been a lot of debate even amongst Zelensky generals about the merits of Buck mood.
It probably doesn't make a lot of sense to hold a small town.
It is a little bit of a cross of some rail lines and important roads but at the end of the day, I think Zelensky's general said we need to do a withdrawal from Buck mood because we are losing too many people.
I think he really had the better thought on the switches we are going to stand our ground in buck mood.
If the Russians succeed in taking that city, and improves their morale.
It will negatively affect the Ukrainian morale.
It may affect the European support and the U.S. support to Ukraine if they feel like the Ukrainians are not making progress.
So I like the fact that Zelensky has -- is holding -- doing the best he can to hold buck mood.
I don't think we are ready for a cease-fire just yet.
He needs to get to the point to allow the Ukrainians to start their spring offensive, to push the Russians as far as they can and if anybody is going to ask for a cease-fire, it should come from Putin first.
Then that is an admittance they are failing and if they are failing, they have really lost.
I think the Ukrainians can win this fight.
They win it by ensuring the Russians are not successful in building this land bridge from Don bus down to Crimea.
I believe they can push the Russians out just a little bit.
>> We have seen these leaks from the 20 -- from this national guardsmen.
You have been chancellor of the University of Texas, unit 21 were -- 21-year-olds early well.
Tell me what was your thought when you saw this leak.
>> The one I would offer is we have to be careful about overreacting to this.
Obviously the leak is horrible and there was a lot of sensitive information.
The fact of the matter is we have a lot of great 29 rules in the military doing exactly the right thing.
We need to rely on these young men and women because we need them in order to manage the cryptology we are doing to manage all the classified materials they get handed.
We need them to do the hard work.
The fact that we have 121-year-old who got off the reservation, decided he thought impressing his friends was more important than protecting U.S. secrets, he needs to be held accountable but we really and to figure out a way to be able to maintain the chain of custody.
This is something that has been challenging in the past.
The change -- chain of custody or a classified piece of material, when it started in the military, it was a hard copy, paper.
You physically have to sign.
You signed a routing slip and that meant now you were in control of that piece of paper.
Because of the electronic nature of the information today, it can pass very quickly but if we have a good chain of custody that says this person read it and transported, this person copy that, then you would have less likely have a chance that a young 21-year-old can do something incredibly irresponsible and put the nation at risk.
>> One of the things that there is a consensus on in Washington is to be hawkish about China and both parties seem to want to out hawk each other.
Are we going to far in being provocative in China?
Do we try to find more common ground with them?
>> Absolutely.
My position on China probably diverges from a lot of those hawkish folks out there.
I believe we need to hold China accountable.
We need to hold him accountable for Hong Kong, violating the WTO.
Using the belt Road initiative to leverage small countries but at the same time, we need to find common ground with China.
We need to find common ground on trade, climate, space, something so that when things get tense, we have avenues of conversation.
I was talking to a senior official in the White House who said they have more conversations with Russia than they do with China.
That is not good.
The fact of the matter is the world needs China.
We need the Chinese economy, we need what China can offer the world.
We need to hold them accountable but I think we can maintain a two track engagement with China.
Be strong on defense, at the same time, though the path for some level of engagement.
If we don't have that engagement, we are pushing China further and further into the arms of Russia.
If you have a strong Chinese and Russian alliance, that is not good for anybody in the world.
>> Let's talk about that Chinese Russian alliance.
One thing they told us is you really can't push your two adversaries closer to each other then you are right now.
What can we do now since Russia seems to be the great threat in Ukraine to try to stop this growing alliance between Russia and China?
>> Back to the previous comments , we have to find a way to engage with China.
We need to have some sort of olive branch we extend to China in order to begin to separate them a little bit from Russia.
>> Give me an olive branch you would offer if you are in charge.
>> Climate.
The Chinese understand the climate change is an issue, let's at least start with something simple that a thin coat -- both countries can agree on, let's try to fix the climate problem.
You probably won't get very far on that but we can have a conversation.
Let's talk up -- let's talk about that South China Sea.
What is happening now is things are beginning to escalate.
We are partnering closer with our allies in the Philippines.
That is good but we will establish bases in the Philippines.
Everyone is getting to ratchet up the level of engagement in the South China Sea.
Let's find a way to lower the heat there.
Let's figure out how to work together on trade.
I think there's a number of opportunities out there where China would be willing to engage.
The fact of the matter is President Xi has been trying with his charm offensive.
He has brokered a bit of peace agreement between Iran and Saudi Arabia.
He is trying to broker a peace agreement in Ukraine.
These are opportunities where we can try to partner with the Chinese to lower the tensions globally.
>> Already moved about a move -- are you worried about a move on Taiwan?
>> I'm always worried about a move on Taiwan.
I don't think it is imminent.
Of coarse, but we are building up the Taiwanese military.
We are partnering with our allies in Japan and South Korea.
I think what we are hoping to create is more military power in the region.
Once again, we have to be careful about pushing too far.
When you look at the 23 budget and between 24 proposed budget, it is really all about China.
At 35, more summaries, more ships, more things that can counter a competitor.
We have to make sure that it doesn't become a self-fulfilling prophecy that we end up building up a military and we are looking for the enemy and the enemy just happens to be China.
I am all about a deterrent capability.
While we are building that, we need to be working on the machine as well.
The last thing China wants to do and the last in the United States wants to do is to go to war with each other.
>> You wrote in 2020 that the world is no longer looking up to them now.
You endorsed Joe Biden for president.
How do you think he is doing?
Do you think the world is looking up to America more now in the wake of the Ukrainian war?
>> Let's take it back before the Ukraine war.
I think the evacuation out of Afghanistan was kind of a political disaster.
Once the 82nd, got on the ground I got organized, it was a remarkable feat of military professionalism to evacuate 32,000 Afghans in two weeks.
But either way you cut it, it did not look good in terms of what American leadership looks like internationally.
I think they have done a pretty good job in Ukraine.
When the work for started, I thought they were a little slow on the uptake.
I think they have gotten their legs underneath them and I think they've been doing a pretty good job.
I think as the world looks at the administration today, particularly in light of Ukraine, I think we have -- we have regained some credibility.
>> Thank you so much for joining us.
>> Finally tonight, returning to a truly great America and the sad news that Harry Belafonte has died at the age of 96.
I was lucky enough to know Harry as a friend and mentor.
He was the son of Caribbean immigrants and pulled himself out of poverty through music and education.
Later, he threw his monumental success into the cause dearest to his heart.
We spoke about his relationship with Martin Luther King Jr. and the direction of the civil rights movement in America.
>> Obviously MLK is known for nonviolence.
There was so much violence against a black amenity but he decided to resist through nonviolence.
Is that what you attracted you to him?
>> What attracted me to him was his idea that he could beat the system.
And that we should do it through this mechanism called nonviolence.
That idea was white aliens in May.
All the equations suggested to us is that you have to be at least 100 million people and so it would be easy to be nonviolent because you can overrun them.
In America we were 10 or 12% of the population.
We were distributed through these pockets of ghetto existence and I think the idea of nonviolence was not a winnable idea.
But slowly but surely, I saw in his method and in his technique, the strategy that distant could work and I became deeply committed to it.
I became deeply committed to the fact that it was the only tool that we had that could really make a difference.
>> We will bring you a much fuller version of that conversation tomorrow so you can all benefit from his wisdom, experience and his place in history.
May Harry Belafonte rest in peace.
We will leave you now with him singing the Jamaican folk song way back in 1955.
♪ ♪
Adm. McRaven on on the Ukraine War and U.S.-China Tensions
Video has Closed Captions
Clip: 4/25/2023 | 16m 33s | Adm. William McRaven (Ret.) discusses his new book and U.S. politics. (16m 33s)
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