>> Ted: COMING UP NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON, THE ARIZONA DIAMONDBACKS CELEBRATE THEIR 25th ANNIVERSARY AND WE'LL HEAR FROM TWO OF THE TEAM'S FRONT OFFICE EXECUTIVES AND A PROMISING NEW VACCINE TARGETING ONE OF THE DEADLIEST FORMS OF CANCER.

THAT'S NEXT ON "ARIZONA HORIZON."

WELCOME TO ARIZONA.

I'M TED SIMONS.

FALLOUT OVER THE DEBT LIMIT DEAL BY KEVIN MCCARTHY AND HARD RIGHT REPUBLICANS INCLUDING SOME OF THE DELEGATION ARE IN OPEN REEL REVOLT NO AND ANDY BIGGS TO VOTE NO AND HE'S NOT THE ONLY ONE.

>> WE'VE HAD MESSY BILLS.

I LIKE KEVIN AND I WILL TELL YOU, THIS IS AN ISSUE THAT WE ARE VERY ALWAYS ABOUT.

>> AND YOU'RE A FIRM NO?

>> UNLESS SOMETHING CHANGES ON THE BILL?

ABSOLUTELY, I'M A TRIPLE NO.

>> Ted: WHILE THE DEAL MAY NOT MAKE EVERYBODY HAPPY, IT HELPS ECONOMIC DISASTER.

>> LOOK, WE EXPECTED CERTAIN POCKETS OF OPPOSITION, BUT IT'S A FAIR DEAL AND WE'RE CONFIDENT IT WILL GET TO THE PRESIDENT'S DESK.

IT ACCOMPLISHES THREE MAIN THINGS.

NUMBER ONE, IT TAKES A DEFAULT OFF THE TABLE WHICH THAT MEANS WE AVOID A CERTAIN RECESSION AND NUMBER TWO, IT PROTECTS ALL OF THE OF THE KEY PIECES OF LEGISLATION THAT THE PRESIDENT SIGNED INTO LAW IN THE LAST TWO YEARS AND NEW INVESTMENTS AND CLEAN ENERGY AND NEW INFRASTRUCTURE AND PROTECTS MEDICARE AND PROTECTS MEDICAID AND IMPORTANT PROGRAMS THAT WE RELY ON.

>> Ted: THE TREASURY SECRETARY, THEY WILL RUN OUT OF CASH AS SOON AS JUNE 5th IN CONGRESS DOESN'T ACT.

>>> HAVING A HEART ATTACK INCREASING THE RISK OF COGNITIVE ABILITY AND THIS STARTED IN 1971 AND DURING THE STUDY, MORE THAN A THOUSAND OF THE PARTICIPANTS HAD A HEART ATTACK WITH NO IMMEDIATE CHANGE IN COGNITION, BUT THE DECLINE IN THEIR COGNITION SCORES ACCELERATED OVER THE NEXT SIX YEARS AT A MUCH STEEPER YEARS THAN THOSE DID NOT.

THIS CAN APPEAR AFTER A HEART ATTACK AND RISK FACTORS IN DEMENTIA ARE CITED AS LIKELY FACTORS.

>>> ANOTHER HEALTH NOTE, ONE OF THE MAIN DRIVERS OF FOOD BORNE ILLNESS OUTBREAKS AT RESTAURANTS ARE RESTAURANT WORKERS WHO ARE SICK AND HANDLE FOOD.

THAT'S A NEW STUDY FROM CDC SHOWING A NEUROVIRUS WAS FOUND IN HALF OF THE OUTBREAKS AND SALMONELLA FOUND IN 20%.

A STUDY FOUND THAT MOST RESTAURANTS HAD POLICIES KEEPS EMPLOYEES FROM WORKING, FEWER WERE OFFER PAID SICK LEAVE AND SOMETHING THEY SAY NEEDS TO CHANGE.

>> THE F.D.A.

WANTS TO MAKE IT EASIER TO UNDERSTAND HOW TO TAKE PRESCRIPTION MEDICINES.

THE AGENCY PROPOSED A ONE-PAGE GUIDE THAT WOULD INCLUDE THE DRUG'S NAME AND SAFETY INFORMATION.

THE ONE SHEET WOULD LIST COMMON SIDE EFFECTS AND HOW THE DRUGS SHOULD BE TAKEN AND SAYS THAT USING MEDICATION INCORRECTLY CONTRIBUTES TO 25% TO HOSPITAL ADDADMISSIONS.

THEY'RE LOOKING FOR APPROVAL BEFORE FINALIZING THIS.

>>> THE DIAMONDBACKS ARE CELEBRATING 25 YEARS SINCE THE TEAM FIRST TOOK THE FIELD.

EVERYTHING WAS NEW BACK THEN FROM THE TEAM TO TEAM TO THE UNIFORMS AND JOINING US NOW IS THE PRESIDENT AND CEO RICH DOZER AND THE GENERAL MANAGER, JOE GARAGIOLA AND THANKS FOR BEING HERE.

THIS WILL BE A HOOT AND I HAVE TO START AND JOE, 25 YEARS, DOES IT FEEL LIKE 25 YEARS?

>> YOU KNOW, IT'S LIKE EVERYTHING IN LIFE.

SOMETIMES IT'S DOES AND OTHER TIMES, PROBABLY BECAUSE SO MANY OF THE MEMORIES ARE STILL SO CLEAR.

YEAH, WOW, HOW CAN IT BE 25 YEARS.

>> Ted: RICH, THAT FIRST PITCH, 25 YEARS AGO.

>> HARD TO BELIEVE, IT HAPPENED 25 YEARS AGO AND WHAT WAS DOWNTOWN LIKE BACK THEN?

>> Ted: RICH, THE TEAM ESTABLISHED, WHAT IN 1995 AND THOSE OF US WHO WERE HERE AND WE HAVE A TEAM AND CAN'T PLAY A GAME AND HOW DID ARIZONA AND HOW DID PHOENIX GET AN EXPANSION BASEBALL TEAM?

>> YOU HAVE TO HAVE TWO AT THE SAME TIME.

TAMPA BAY HAD A STADIUM AND WE DIDN'T HAVE ONE AND THAT MEANT WE COULDN'T START THE PLAY FOR THREE YEARS BECAUSE WE HAD TO BUILD THE STADIUM.

WE BOTH CAME IN 1998 AND STARTED THE WHOLE OPERATION IN 1995.

JOE AND I GOT OFFICE SPACE AND STARTED THE FRANCHISE AND IT WAS THREE YEARS OF CRAZINESS.

I MEAN, YOU KNOW, YOU THINK, OWE, THREE YEARS AND WE DIDN'T HAVE FIVE DAYS EXTRA.

WE HAD TO HAVE IT BUILT ON THAT DAY.

>> Ted: AND IN 1995, THOUGH, AGAIN, NO MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL TEAM IN PHOENIX AND HOW DID THAT COME ABOUT?

>> BACKING UP A COUPLE OF YEARS FROM THAT AND REALLY, IT'S 30 YEARS SINCE THIS STARTED.

THERE HAD BEEN SOME ATTEMPTS IN THE 80'S, WHICH WERE, I WOULD CALL THEM FIASCOES AND THAT WOULD BE INSULTING TO REAL FIASCOES.

IN 1993, JIM BRUNER, ONE OF THE GREAT UNSUNG HEROES OF THIS STORY AND I WENT TO SEE JERRY AND COLD-CALLED HIM AND SAID WE THINK MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL WOULD BE GREAT HERE AND YOU'RE THE GUY WHO COULD DO IT.

THAT'S REALLY NICE BUT I HAVE A LOT GOING ON, THIS NEW ARENA AND THE SUNS AND WE CAME OFF OF THE NBA FINALS.

PROBABLY NOT, LET ME THINK ABOUT IT.

WHAT HE DIDN'T TELL US AND I'M SURE RICH KNEW, WAS THAT DURING THE FINALS, WHEN THEY WERE BACK IN CHICAGO, BECAUSE THERE WERE NUMEROUS OFF-DAYS AND ONE OFF DAY, THEY WENT TO A NIGHT GAME AT WRIGLEY FIELD.

IT WAS A BEAUTIFUL SUMMER NIGHT AND JERRY LATER SAID, I SAT THERE THINKING, THIS WOULD BE SO PERFECT IN PHOENIX.

>> Ted: WOW!

>> SO WE GO BACK TO SEE HIM IN THE FALL, IN TYPICAL JERRY FASHION, OK, WE'RE DOING IT.

AT THE PRESS CONFERENCE IN THE AMERICAN WEST ARENA, ANNOUNCES HE'S GOING TO BRING MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL TO PHOENIX AND OFF WE WENT!

>> Ted: OFF WE WENT AND YOU MENTIONED JIM BRUNER WHO PAID A PRICE.

>> HE WAS GOING TO WIN FOR SURE, BUT THE PEOPLE RAN AGAINST HIM AND USED THAT TAX TO BUILD THE BALLPARK.

>> Ted: AND WE HAD A SUPERVISOR WHO WAS SHOT BECAUSE OF THIS ISSUE.

MARY ROSE-WILCOX AND THIS WAS CRAZY BUSINESS AT THE TIME.

WAS THAT GAME AT WRIGLEY FIELD, WAS THAT A SPARK?

>> JERRY AND I WENT TO THE GAME BECAUSE I WAS WORKING AT THE SUNS AND WE HAD TWO OR THREE DAYS OFF BETWEEN GAMES AND I CAN'T REMEMBER WHICH IN CHICAGO.

HE AND I ARE BOTH FROM CHICAGO AND WENT TO A NIGHT GAME.

NIGHT GAMES BACK THEN, I THINK THEY JUST STARTED THAT YEAR OR THE YEAR BEFORE.

WE WENT TO A NIGHT GAME AND OUR FIRST EVER NIGHT GAME AT WRIGLEY FIELD.

I GREW UP AND WAS A BAT BOY FOR THE GAME.

AND IT WAS PRETTY COOL.

I REMEMBER AFTER THEY CAME TO SEE JERRY, WE GOT ON THE PLANE THE NEXT WEEKEND AND FLEW TO WATCH FOUR MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL GAMES.

WE'RE NOT INTERESTED IN THIS, ARE WE JERRY?

[ Laughter ] >> HE SAID SOMETHING COOL.

I SAID, WE'RE NOT INTERESTED IN THIS AFTER WATCHING FOUR GAMES IN FOUR DAYS.

NO, NO.

BUT ON THE WAY BACK, HE SAID, WE HAVE TO DO THIS, RICH.

GAVE ME A REASON.

I'M GIVE YOU TWO.

YOU'RE NOT A MAJOR LEAGUE CITY UNLESS YOU HAVE MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL AND LET'S DO IT FOR OUR GRANDKIDS.

WOW!

THAT'S A GREAT STORY.

>> Ted: YOU HAVE A GREAT STORY ABOUT HOW THE TEAM GOT ITS NAME.

[ Laughter ] >> WELL, I SHOULD LET RICH TELL IT BUT SINCE YOU'VE ASKED ME.

>> Ted: PLEASE.

>> WE HAD ALL THESE NAMES AND A GRAPHIC DESIGNER COME UP WITH LOGOS.

>> WE HAD A CONTEST WITH THE ARIZONA REPUBLIC DID IT AND SENT NAMES AND WE GOT IT DOWN TO SIX AND THREE AND THE ARIZONA -- WELL, THE ARIZONA RATTLERS AND THE SCORPIOS AND THEN WE DECIDED TO STEAL THE NAME AND NOW DOWN TO TWO AND THE LOCAL DESIGNER DID THE GREAT LOGOS AND REDID OUR UNIFORM LOGOS AND SO WE HAD THESE TWO LOGOS AND A MEETING IF JERRY'S OFFICE WHERE THE 14 OF US WERE THERE.

>> RICH IS THE VOTE COUNTER AND ANNOUNCES THE RESULTS AND 12 SCORPIONS, TWO DIAMONDBACKS AND JERRY SAYS, OK, THAT'S GOOD.

IT'S DIAMONDBACKS.

[ Laughter ] >> Ted: THE DECISION MADE.

>> LATER SAID, I JUST COULDN'T DO IT THE SCORPIONS, FELT LIKE SOMETHING CRAWLING UP MY BACK.

>> Ted: I WOULD NEVER HAVE THOUGHT OF THAT.

>> IT WAS A GREAT LOGO.

>> Ted: PRETTY GOOD NAME, TOO.

DIAMONDBACKS ARE HERE AND THEY'RE IN THE NATIONAL LEAGUE.

I SEEM TO RECALL AT THE TIME THAT WAS A BIG DEAL, GETTING IN THE NATIONAL LEAGUE.

>> A BIG DEAL FOR ALL OF US AND ALL THREE OF US.

BECAUSE WE WERE THE THREE PEOPLE INVOLVED AND WE THOUGHT THE NATIONAL LEAGUE WAS BEST AND WE WOULD HOLD OUT AND WE'RE NOT GOING IN AND WON'T CASH OUR CHECK UNLESS WE'RE IN THE NATIONAL LOCATION AND THAT'S WHERE WE ENDED UP.

>> LOOK, WE HAD THE BUILT-IN -- THE GIANTS HAD BEEN IN PHOENIX AND THAT WAS THE PHOENIX GIANTS BEFORE THE FIREBIRDS AND THE DODGERS -- >> Ted: BROADCAST.

>> IN SAN DIEGO AND COME ON, THIS JUST MAKES TOO MUCH SENSE, WHICH IS FREQUENTLY NOT A PERVASIVE ARGUMENT FOR MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL.

HAVING WORKED THERE 15 YEARS.

>> ONE OF THE INTERESTING PARTS OF THE LOGO, WE ADDED ONE COLOR AND IF YOU CAN THINK OF THE COLOR, BLACK AND COPPER AND THERE WAS TEAL.

AT THE LAST MINUTE, JERRY SAID TO ME, LET'S ADD SOME PURPLE.

I GO, OK.

HE GOES, LET'S TIE THIS SO THE SUNS.

SO WE PUT IN PURPLE INTO THAT LOGO.

>> Ted: THE BALLPARK, IT WAS ONE OF A KIND WHEN IT WAS BUILT.

IT HAD A SWIMMING POOL, A RETRACTIBLE ROOF AND NATURAL GRASS UNDER THE DOME AND THAT WAS UNIQUE.

>> FIRST STADIUM BUILT IN THE WORLD WITH RETRACTIBLE DOME, NATURAL GRASS AND AIR CONDITIONING.

FIRST ONE AND OPENED IN FOUR AND A HALF MINUTES.

>> Ted: NO KIDDING.

HOLY SMOKES, THE TABLE TURNS AND THIS BECOMES A CHAMPIONSHIP CALIBER TEAM AND WAS GETTING RANDY JOHNSON THE KEY TO TURNING THAT AROUND?

>> SHORT ANSWER IS YES, BUT WE DON'T GET RANDY UNLESS WE HAD MADE A LOT OF THE OTHER MOVES BECAUSE RANDY WAS AT A POINT IN HIS CAREER WHERE HE COULD GO ANYWHERE HE WANTED TO GO AND THE IMPORTANT THING FOR HIM -- IT WAS FUNNY AT THE INTRODUCTORY PRESS CONFERENCE, PEOPLE WERE ASKING HIM IN DIFFERENT WAYS, YOU SIGN WITH THE DIAMONDBACKS BECAUSE YOU LIVE HERE, RIGHT?

>> NO.

I SIGNED BECAUSE I THINK THEY CAN BE COMPETITIVE, BECAUSE THEY HAVE BELL AND WILLIAMS AND LATER, YOULY HERE, RIGHT?

FINALLY, HE SAYS, DON'T YOU THINK FOR WHAT I'LL MAKING I COULD BUY A HOUSE ANYPLACE I COULD PLAY.

IF RANDY WAS THE PIECE THAT SEW SOLIDIFIED US, HE'S NOT KIDDING.

>> Ted: I REMEMBER WHEN MATT WILLIAMS WAS A DIAMONDBACK AND THAT'S A BIG DEAL.

>> ONE OF THE KEYS THAT JOE PULLED OFF IS BEFORE HE GOT RANDY, HE GOT JOE STOTTELMEYER.

>> Ted: AND TECHNICALLY, YEAR FOUR AND THE EARLY -- I LOVE ASKING THIS YES BECAUSE I LOVE THE PERCEPTION OF THE DIAMONDBACKS AND WINNING A WORLD SERIES TROPHY SO SOON AND A LITTLE SOUR GRAPES AROUND BASEBALL?

>> A LOT OF SOUR GRAPES AROUND BASEBALL.

THE FIRST COUPLE OF GENERAL MANAGERS MEETINGS AFTER WE MADE BIG SPLASHY MOVES AND SIGNING TRAVIS LEAGUE AND I DESCRIBE THIS AS MEAN GIRLS MLB STYLE.

LITERALLY NOBODY WOULD SIT WITH ME AT LUNCH BECAUSE IT WAS, LIKE, WHO ARE THESE GUYS?

IF YOU JUST COME INTO THE LEAGUE.

THAT WAS JERRY AND JERRY SAID, WE'RE DOING THINGS DIFFERENTLY.

WE'RE IN THIS THING AND WHERE DOES IT SAY WE HAVE TO WAIT FIVE YEARS TO TRY TO BE GOOD.

WE'LL BE AS GOOD AS WE CAN BE AS SOON AS WE CAN BE.

>> Ted: REACTION?

>> JERRY WAS THE PEOPLE'S OWNER BECAUSE HE WANTED TO DO TWO THINGS.

HE WANTED TO WIN AND BE A GREAT COMMUNITY CITIZEN AND THOSE WERE HIS THINGS.

HE WAS THE PEOPLE'S OWNER.

>> Ted: DID THE TEAM BECOME A BIT OF A TARGET, DO YOU THINK?

>> OH, YES, FOR SURE.

NOT THE JEALOUSY.

WE WON IN FOUR YEARS AND THAT'S THE FASTEST EVER IN MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL AND SO THAT'S A BIG CLAIM TO FAME AND WE HAD 35,000 SEASON TICKET HOLDERS AND NO ONE GOT CLOSE TO THAT IN THE HISTORY OF BASEBALL IN ANY YEAR.

>> Ted: WHICH SHOWS YOU HOW MUCH BASEBALL WAS WANTED HERE IN ARIZONA.

I COULD TALK TO YOU ALL DAY.

GIVE ME A MEMORY THAT STANDS OUT THE MOST.

THE GONZO HIT, BUT SOMETHING ELSE.

YOU THINK BACK ON FONDLY.

>> I THINK FOR ME, I SAY CLEARLY GONZO'S HIT IS NUMBER ONE AND ALWAYS NUMBER ONE ALL TIME AND PROBABLY NUMBERS TWO AND THREE BELONG TO TONY WOLMACK AND PARTICULARLY TO WIN AGAINST THE CARDINALS AFTER GOD BLESS HIM, A SUICIDE SQUEEZE.

IT WAS A GREAT CALL EXCEPT THE PITCH THROWN, I'M NOT SURE THAT AARON JUDGE COULD HAVE REACHED IT MUCH LESS WOLMACK AND OH, MY GOSH.

IF TONY DOESN'T HOOK A BALL DOWN THE LINE.

I'M SO FOND OF THAT MOMENT BECAUSE TONY WENT THROUGH A LOT AND LOST HIS DAD.

HE HEARD A LOT ABOUT, OH, HE DOESN'T BUNT ENOUGH AND STEAL ENOUGH BASES.

AND IN THE BIG MOMENT, HE STEPPED UP FOR US.

>> Ted: AND STEPPED UP IN GAME SEVEN, AS WELL.

>> HE MOST CERTAINLY DID.

>> GREAT PRESSURE PLAYERS AND ZONED IN.

THE TWO THINGS I WOULD TELL YOU, I MEAN, OBVIOUSLY WINNING THE WORLD SERIES WAS GREAT AND THE STEALTH FLYING OVER AND WE'VE BUILT -- THE DIAMONDBACKS BUILT 45 FIELDS THROUGHOUT THIS STATE FOR UNDERPRIVILEGED UNION AND EACH ONE GOES FOR 300 OR $400,000, AND ALSO, WE WERE THE VERY BEGINNING OF THE RESHAPING OF DOWNTOWN.

I MEAN, WE WERE -- THE SUNS AND DIAMONDBACKS IN THE BUILDING OF DOWNTOWN WAS ONE A AND ONE B IS ASU AND DOWN IS GREAT BECAUSE OF THOSE TWO THINGS.

>> Ted: YOU THINK ABOUT THAT WHEN YOU DRIVE DOWNTOWN?

>> ALL THE TIME.

WHEN I MOVED HERE IN 1979, IT WAS A GHOSTTOWN HERE.

>> THERE WAS A SPOT WE COULD HAVE GONE AND CHEAP, EASY AND JERRY SAID, ABSOLUTELY NOT.

THIS BELONGS DOWNTOWN AND THIS WILL REVITALIZE DOWNTOWN AND DON'T CARE HOW TOUGH IT.

>> Ted: THAT'S WHERE I HAS TO BE AND HAS FOR 25 YEARS.

I COULD TALK TOW TO YOU ALL DAY.

ANTICIPATE ANNIVERSARY.

HAPPY ANNIVERSARY.

AND COMING UP, A VACCINE THAT COULD FIGHT PANCREATIC CANCER.

PANCREATIC CANCER IS ONE OF THE DEADLIEST FORMS OF CANCER AND FOUND IN LATER STAGES AND WHILE TUMORS CAN BE REMOVED, THEY OFTEN COME BACK AND THERE'S A PROMISING VACCINE TO CHANGE THE COURSE.

AND WE'RE JOINED BY DR. MICHAEL CHOTI AND IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH THIS INFORMATION.

THIS IS A VACCINE THAT COULD TARGET PANCREATIC CANCER?

>> EXACTLY.

THANKS FOR HAVING ME BACK.

THIS IS VERY EXCITING.

IT'S A SMALL STUDY, BUT IT IS VERY PROMISING.

PANCREATIC CANCER, YOU FOE, A KNOW, A LOT OF INTERESTS IN VACCINES AND PANCREATIC CANCER UNIQUELY NON- NON-IMMUNOGENETIC AND.

AND THIS IS ASMALL STUDY USING PATIENT'S OWN NEO-ANTIGENS AND SMALL STUDY BUT COULD BE A POTENTIAL MILESTONE.

>> Ted: I KNOW WHAT GENETICS MEANS AND THIS IS THE THIS IS THE SAME?

>> TUMORS STUDIES, MOW MOW MOW ELECT COO LAR STUDIED AND THIS WAS IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER AGENTS.

I WAS ADMINISTERED AFTER THE SURGICAL REMOVAL OF THE PANCREATIC CANCER.

>> Ted: THE IDEA OF REMOVING A TUMOR AND STUDYING IT SO AS TO, YOU KNOW, GET IT WHILE IT'S BUBBLING, IF YOU WILL.

PANCREATIC CANCER, WE TOUCHED ON THIS, AND WHY IS IT SO IMMUNE TO SO MANY DIFFERENT TREATMENTS AND THERAPIES?

>> AS YOU MENTION, IMMUNOTHERAPY OR VACCINE THERAPY AND WE DON'T UNDERSTAND EXACTLY WHAT, BUT IT MAY BE RELATED TO THE STRUCTURE OF THE TUMOR WITH SCAR TISSUE OR WE CALL IT PLASTIC REACTION AROUND THE TUMOR THAT MAY BE A BARRIER TO IMMUNE CELLS THAT ARE PENETRATING THELE TUMOR AT THE TUMOR.

THEY DON'T HAVE UNIQUE MUTATIONS THAT ARE TARGETABLE TYPICALLY.

THIS IS A PARTICULAR CHALLENGE.

>> Ted: AGAIN, WHEN YOU EXAMINED OR TESTED AND DID RESEARCH ON THE TUMORS, WHAT DID YOU FINE AND HOW FIND?

IT HAS TO BE PERSONALIZED BECAUSE TWO DIFFERENT TUMORS COULD SHOW TWO DIFFERENT THINGS?

>> THAT ARE STRATEGIES THAT ARE MORE GENERAL AND IN THIS STUDY, THEY STUDIED THE MUTATIONS WITHIN THE INDIVIDUAL PATIENT AND DEVELOPED A VACCINE PERSONALIZED WITH SPECIFIC ANT ANTIGENS WITHIN THE TUMOR OF THAT PATIENT.

THE TIME FROM WHEN THE TUMOR WAS REMOVED AND STUDIED TO THE TIME THAT THE VACCINE WAS AVAILABLE WAS ONLY NINE WEEKS OR SO IN THAT RANGE.

THAT DURATION OF TIME IS MORE PRACTICAL COMPARED TO SOMETHING THAT MAY TAKE MONTHS, FOR EXAMPLE, TO DEVELOP.

>> Ted: INDEED.

FY READ CORRECTLY HERE, THOSE WHO HAD THEIR SPLEEN REMOVED AS A PART OF THE PROCESS DIDN'T DO QUITE AS WELL.

>> WE DON'T KNOW WHAT THE DETAILS.

ABOUT HALF OF THE PATIENTS, THEY MONITORED AN IMMUNE RESPONSE, T-CELLS SPECIFIC TO THE ANTIGENS AND HALF THE PATIENTS GET SMALL STUDIES AND 16 PATIENTS HAVE TO FRAME IT IN THAT.

HALF OF THOSE PATIENTS WITH THE T-CELLS AND AMONG THOSE THAT DEVELOPED THE IMMUNE RESPONSE, THEY SEEN THAT THE CANCER DIDN'T RECUR, IF YOU WILL AS FREQUENTLY AS THOSE THAT DIDN'T DEVELOP THE IMMUNE RESPONSE.

WHETHER THE SPLEENECTOMY, WE DON'T KNOW.

>> Ted: IT SOUNDS WHEN YOU DO THE RESEARCH AND FIND THE VARIABLES THERE, THIS KEEPS THE TUMOR, THIS WOULD HELP KEEP THE TUMOR, A TUMOR FROM RETURNING AND WHAT DOES IT DO TO CANCER IN THE BODY?

>> WE DON'T KNOW.

THIS STUDY USED A SITUATION WHERE THE PATIENT WAS SEEMINGLY CANCER FREE AND THE VACCINE WAS MADE.

SO THIS IS MICROMEME ADDRESS CITY SIS.

THIS IS BECAUSE OF MICROSCOPIC CELLS IN THE BODY.

THIS IS WHY WE GIVE CHEMOTHERAPY.

THOSE PATIENTS RECEIVED CHEMOTHERAPY AS WELL AS THE VACCINE.

SO PRESUMABLY THESE T-CELLS ARE ATTACKING MICROCELLS IN THE BODY.

>> Ted: THAT'S HOW THE CHEMO WOULD WORK IN CONJUNCTION WITH THIS?

>> YES.

>> Ted: IS THIS JUST PANCREATIC CANCER OR IS THIS DONE ON OTHER TUMORS?

>> I DON'T KNOW THE SPECIFICS, BUT WHAT'S INTEREST, PANCREATIC CANCER IS PARTICULARLY DIFFICULT CANCER TO DEVELOP A VACCINE OR AN IMMUNE RESPONSE.

I'M DELIGHTED THIS GROUP OF INVESTIGATORS PICKED ONE OF THE MORE CHALLENGES CANCERS AND DEVELOPED AND FOUND A SIGNAL THAT, IN FACT, T-CELL IMMUNE RESPONSE CAN BE GENERATED.

NO DOUBT THAT IF THIS MODEL WORKS FOR THIS CANCER THAT'S DIFFICULT TO ELICIT THIS RESPONSE, IT WILL BE A PLATFORM THAT HAS A ROLE IN A VARIETY OF CANCER.

>> Ted: IS THAT WHERE THE RESEARCH GOES?

YOU WOULD WANT A BIGGER SIZE.

>> THIS IS A SMALL STUDY AND AN EARLY SIGNAL OF A POTENTIAL MILESTONE IN IMMUNOTHERAPY.

BUT A LARGER RANDOMIZED TRIAL NEEDS TO BE DONE IN PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC CANCER AND I'M SURE STUDYING THIS VACCINATION STRATEGY, VACCINE STRATEGY FOR OTHER FORMS OF CANCER.

>> Ted: LAST QUESTION, CANCER IN GENERAL, WE'VE DONE SO MANY STORIES AND TRAILED OFF AND THE RESEARCH GOES ON AND SEEMS LIKE A BRAVE NEW WORLD AND IMMUNOTHERAPY, IT SEEMS LIKE A GAME CHANGER.

>> IT COULD BE.

WE KNOW THAT IN A SMALL NUMBER OF PATIENTS WITH CANCER, THAT IN IMMUNOTHERAPY, IT CAN WORK ON THOSE.

SO THE GOAL IS, HOW DO WE BREAK THE BLOCKADE IN THE IMMUNOLOGIC THERAPIES FOR THE MAJORITY OF PATIENTS THAT STANDARD THERAPY DOESN'T WORK?

THIS IS ONE THAT MAY BE PROMISING.

>> Ted: DR. MICHAEL CHOTI, THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

THAT IS IT FOR NOW.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US AND YOU HAVE A GREAT EVENING.