CIAO.

CAPOEIRA.

CANDOMBLÉ.

ACARAJÉ.

THEY ALL ORIGINATED IN BAHIA, BRAZIL, AND NOWHERE ELSE.

THEY ARE PART OF BRAZIL'S AFRICAN CONNECTION.

FUNDING FOR IN THE AMERICAS WITH DAVID YETMAN WAS PROVIDED BY AGNES HAURY.

♪ MUSIC ♪ 500 YEARS AGO EUROPEAN EXPLORERS DISCOVERED THIS BAY.

THEY CALLED IT BAHIA TODOS O SANTOS, ALL SAINTS BAY, AND IT TURNED OUT TO BE THE BEST BAY ON THE ENTIRE EAST COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA.

WITH THAT DISCOVERY BEGAN TRADE AND SLAVERY AND ULTIMATELY A RICH AFRICAN CULTURE.

PORTUGUESE BROUGHT SLAVES HERE FROM AFRICA AS THE WORKFORCE FOR SUGAR CAN PLANTATIONS.

SUGAR, OR WHITE GOLD AS THEY CALLED IT, WAS A HIGH PRICED COMMODITY BACK IN EUROPE.

TO MEET EUROPEANS' SWEET TOOTH AND THEIR UNQUENCHABLE THIRST FOR RUM, THE MASTERS DEMANDED SLAVES IN HUGE NUMBERS.

SLAVE TRADERS IMPORTED 1,300, 000 SLAVES IN THE BAHIA BEFORE SLAVERY WAS ABOLISHED IN BRAZIL IN 1888.

THAT IS DOUBLE THE NUMBER IMPORTED INTO THE ENTIRE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

TODAY, THEIR DESCENDENTS CONSTITUTE 80 PERCENT OF THE POPULATION IN AND AROUND THE CAPITAL CITY OF SALVADOR.

THE BEST KNOWN PLACE IN SALVADOR IS CALLED THE PELOURINHO WHICH MEANS THE PLACE WHERE SLAVES WERE BROUGHT TO BE PUNISHED.

HERE THEY WERE WHIPPED IN PUBLIC, BELOW THE OPULENT HOUSES OF THE PLANTATION OWNERS WHO MADE THEIR MONEY ON THE BACKS OF THE SLAVES BY RAISING SUGAR CANE AND CACAO.

TODAY, THE SLAVES ARE GONE.

THEY'VE BEEN REPLACED BY TOURISTS.

SLAVE OWNERS DID NOT WANT THEIR SLAVES LEARNING MARTIAL ARTS.

THEY WERE AFRAID THEY'D USE THEM AGAINST THEM.

INSTEAD, THEY ALLOWED THEM TO DANCE BUT THE SLAVES WERE VERY CLEVER AND THEY INVENTED CAPOEIRA WHICH IS A DANCE BUT WITH DEFINITE STRENGTH, DEFINITE MOVES AND A CLEAR MILITARY IMPLICATION.

SLAVES INVENTED CAPOEIRA AS A MARTIAL ART.

IT ENABLED THEM TO DEVELOP THE AGILITY TO DEFEND THEMSELVES FROM ATTACKS, FROM FIREARMS, FROM KNIFE THRUSTS.

PRACTICING CAPOEIRA OVER AND OVER GAVE THEM CONTROL OVER THEIR BODY'S MOVEMENTS.

I AM BOMBA, MASTER OF CAPOEIRA, AND PRESIDENT OF THE ANGOLA SCHOOL OF CAPOEIRA.

CAPOEIRA IS A COMPLETE WAY OF LIFE.

IT INCLUDES PERSONAL HYGIENE, MENTAL DISCIPLINE AND PHYSICAL CONDITION.

SLAVES DEDICATED THEIR LIVES TO CAPOEIRA TO PROTECT THEMSELVES AGAINST THE MASTERS AND OVERSEERS.

IF YOU LOOK CLOSELY AT THE MOVEMENTS, YOU CAN SEE THE CAPOEIRISTAS ARE TRYING NOT TO TOUCH EACH OTHER.

THIS IS A REFLECTION OF THE ATTEMPT OF THE SLAVES TO AVOID THE ATTACKS OF THEIR MASTERS AND THEIR OVERSEERS.

CAPOEIRA MUSIC HAS A RHYTHMIC BEAT AND LYRICS.

EACH OF THE MANY MOVES HAS ITS DISTINCTIVE NAME SUCH AS 'PUT THE ORANGE ON THE FLOOR', 'CHICO, CHICO' AND 'SANTA MARIA'.

IT'S ACCOMPANIED BY MUSIC, ESPECIALLY THE INDIGENOUS INSTRUMENT THE BERIMBAU.

THESE INSTRUMENTS WERE PROBABLY INVENTED OR MADE UP BY SLAVES.

THERE ARE EIGHT INSTRUMENTS IN THE PERCUSSION GROUP, EACH WITH ITS OWN NAME.

[NAMES OF INSTRUMENTS] TEACHING CAPOEIRA IS A GREAT PRIVILEGE, ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU SHARE IT WITH OTHERS AROUND THE WORLD.

IT WAS BORN HERE IN THE BAY AROUND SALVADOR, IN THE RECÔNCAVO.

THIS WAS ITS BIRTHPLACE.

HISTORIAN ANA PAULO CAMARGO SPECIALIZES IN STUDYING AFRICAN INFLUENCES IN BAHIA.

EVEN THOUGH SLAVERY IS A THING OF THE PAST, THE LEGACY IT CREATED REMAINS ALL AROUND US.

THE MARKET OF SAN JOAQUIN IS IMPORTANT TO BAHIAN CULTURE.

IT SERVES AS A LINKAGE BETWEEN THE CAPITAL CITY OF SALVADOR AND ALL THE TOWNS SPREAD OUT AROUND THE BAY WHERE DESCENDENTS OF SLAVES STILL LIVE.

MANY PEOPLE FROM THESE RURAL AREAS STILL BRING THEIR PRODUCTS TO THIS MARKET FOR SALE.

IF THERE'S ANY ONE PLACE THAT REPRESENTS A QUINTESSENTIAL SALVADOR AND BAHIAN CULTURE IT'S THE SAN JOAQUIN MARKET.

FROM THE STREET I DIDN'T EVEN KNOW IT WAS HERE IT'S SO NONDESCRIPT BUT INSIDE I KNOW IT'S DIFFERENT.

I'M GOING TO NEED SOMEBODY TO SHOW ME AROUND.

THE POTTERY SHOPS HERE ARE A VERY STRONG AFRICAN BASED INDUSTRY.

THEY ORIGINALLY WERE MADE BY SLAVES ACROSS THE BAY AND BROUGHT HERE AND ARE NOW MADE IN PRETTY MUCH THE SAME PLACE AS THEY WERE A COUPLE HUNDRED YEARS AGO.

THIS IS THE WOVEN BASKET, BASKETRY AND PALM WOVEN ITEMS, HATS, I GUESS THOSE ARE STRAINERS, FABULOUS BASKETS ALSO OF AFRICAN ORIGIN MADE BY SLAVES AND THE INDUSTRY TODAY CONTINUE.

THEY'VE COME ACROSS THE BAY TO ARRIVE RIGHT HERE AT THE HARBOR IN SALVADOR.

IT LOOKS AS THOUGH I'M GOING TO HAVE TO GET OUT OF THE WAY BECAUSE THERE'S A MERCEDES TRUCK BEARING DOWN ON ME.

I'VE SEEN THESE TRUCKS, 500 OF THEM IN THE INTERIOR OF BRAZIL BUT NEVER THROUGH THE NARROW ALLEYS OF A MARKET.

THE MARKET IS DIVIDED INTO SECTORS, EACH WITH ITS OWN NAME.

ALMOST EVERYTHING HERE HAS ROOTS IN AFRICAN CULTURE AND HISTORY.

YOU CAN FIND ALL KINDS OF HERBS USED FOR TEAS AND DRINKS, FRUITS FOR LIQUORS, AND SEAFOOD OF ALL VARIETIES.

THIS IS CALLED SHRIMP STREET.

IT'S WELL NAMED.

ALL THE INGREDIENTS YOU NEED TO MAKE THE TRADITIONAL FOODS LIKE ACARAJÉS ARE AVAILABLE HERE, ESPECIALLY THE SHRIMP BUT ALL OF THE MANIOC FLOUR, THE SEASONINGS, THE PEPPERS, EVERYTHING ELSE.

THIS IS WHERE YOU COME TO GET THEM IF YOU WANT THE REAL STUFF.

IT IS A VARIETY, MOST OF WHICH I'VE NOT SEEN.

THIS MARKET HAS HAD SEVERAL DIFFERENT NAMES THROUGHOUT ITS HISTORY.

THIS LOCATION DATES TO THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY.

IT ORIGINALLY HAD A VERY INFORMAL CHARACTER.

TRADERS JUST SHOWED UP AND SET DOWN THEIR WARES FOR SALE.

AS THE CITY BEGAN TO GROW, THAT INFORMAL ORGANIZATION NO LONGER WORKED IN SUCH A LIMITED SPACE.

IN THE 1960S THE CITY ADMINISTRATORS ORGANIZED A SPACE AND SET UP A PERMANENT STRUCTURE.

THE CURIOUS THING IS THAT ALTHOUGH WE ARE PHYSICALLY FAR REMOVED FROM AFRICA, FROM ANGOLA WHERE MOST OF THE SLAVES CAME FROM, YOU WILL FIND MARKETS IN ANGOLA WITH INCREDIBLE SIMILARITIES.

IN THIS SPACE, AS IN ANGOLA, YOU CAN FIND JUST ABOUT EVERYTHING CONNECTED WITH THE AFRO-BRAZILIAN RELIGIONS AND THE FOOD OF THEIR GODS OR THEIR SANTOS.

SO THEY HARVEST THE FRUITS FROM A PALM TREE, IT'S ACTUALLY A PALM OIL, AND THEN THEY MASH IT DOWN AND FROM THAT MASHED RESIDUE WE GET AZEITE-DE-DENDÊ.

WE'RE MOVING FROM SHRIMP STREET TO VEGETABLE STREET.

MY WHOLE FAMILY WAS BORN AND RAISED AROUND THE SÃO JOAQUIM MARKET.

MY DAD HAD SIX CHILDREN AND WE ALL GREW UP IN THIS SPACE.

THERE'S AN UNENDING VARIETY OF STRANGE FRUITS.

THESE ARE CALLED CAMBROÉ.

THEY'RE TINY LITTLE FRUITS, NOT REAL SWEET BUT THEY'RE USED TO FLAVOR WHISKEY, BELIEVE IT OR NOT.

AND THEN WE'VE GOT TWO KINDS OF MANGOS.

WE'VE GOT STAR FRUIT, ACEROLA WHICH IS RICH IN VITAMIN C AND THIS IS GENIPAP FROM WHICH A LIQUOR IS MADE, A FLAVORED LIQUOR WHICH SOME PEOPLE REALLY LIKE, ALL IN ONE STALL.

THIS IS THE ROOT OF THE MANIOC, IT'S THE BASIC STARCH OF VIRTUALLY ALL OF BRAZIL.

WITHOUT THIS, THERE IS NO BRAZILIAN CUISINE.

THESE ARE CALLED JACK FRUIT AND THEY'RE QUITE HEAVY AND THEY'RE FULL OF SUGAR AND YOU DON'T WANT TO BE UNDER A TREE WHEN THEY RIPEN BECAUSE THEY'LL FALL AND SQUASH YOU.

THIS IS MY FAVORITE TROPICAL FRUIT, MARACUJÁ OR PASSION FRUIT.

THIS IS AN ORDINARY OKRA THAT YOU MAKE GOOD GUMBO FROM IN NEW ORLEANS.

BUT HERE THEY MAKE IT INTO A VERY SPECIAL DISH CALLED CARURU.

HERE'S ONE I SEE THAT I KNOW.

THERE'S NO TRAFFIC COP TO START AND STOP THE ENDLESS FLOW OF CARTS.

BUT THIS IS THE HONEST TO GOODNESS CAJUÍ.

THIS IS ACTUALLY THE CASHEW AND THE NUT IS THIS PART UP HERE AND WHAT WE DON'T KNOW IS THAT THIS FRUIT MAKES AN EXCELLENT, VERY SWEET JUICE.

THE FRUIT PERISHES QUICKLY SO WE DON'T EVEN GET TO KNOW IT UP NORTH.

SO HERE ARE THE ACTUAL CASHEWS THAT HAVE BEEN ROASTED.

IF YOU WANT FRESH CASHEWS, YOU HAVE TO COME TO BRAZIL TO GET THEM.

SO THIS IS ABOUT SIX DOLLARS WORTH.

HE WANTED TO KNOW IF I WANTED TO PAY HIM IN DOLLARS.

I HAPPEN TO HAVE ONLY BRAZILIAN CURRENCY WITH ME.

OKAY.

CIAO.

BAHIA WITHOUT THIS MARKET IS NOT BAHIA.

BAHIAN CULTURE IS ROOTED HERE.

THIS IS NOT A COIL OF ROPE.

IT'S ACTUALLY TOBACCO.

IT'S EASY TO TRANSPORT THIS WAY.

IF YOU WANT TO SMOKE, YOU JUST BREAK OFF A CHUNK AND ROLL IT UP IN PAPER, NEWSPAPER, WHATEVER YOU HAVE, LIGHT UP AND YOU'VE GOT A SMOKE.

THIS IS A STORE THAT SELLS AFRICAN CEREMONIAL ITEMS, A WIDE VARIETY OF HEADDRESSES, INCENSE, BEADS OF ALL KINDS, IMAGES OF THE SAINTS.

ALL OF THEM ARE PART OF THAT MIX OF AFRICAN AND CATHOLIC ITEMS.

THE SLAVES WERE FORCED TO BECOME CATHOLICS, WHETHER THEY WANTED TO OR NOT, BUT THEY DIDN'T DO IT WILLINGLY AND THEY RETAINED A VAST NUMBER OF THEIR ANCIENT AFRICAN ORIGINS.

THE DRUMS ARE USED TO SUMMON THE GODS TO A CEREMONY.

THIS TOTEM IS AN ANCIENT AFRICAN CUSTOM.

THEY WOULD PUT FIGURES LIKE THIS ON THE PROW OF THEIR BOATS AS THEY WORKED THEIR WAY THROUGH SWAMPS OR THROUGH WATER WITH THE HOPE THAT ON THE PROW THIS WOULD ENCOUNTER EVIL SPIRITS AND WARD THEM OFF.

AND NOW THAT THERE ARE NOT MANY BOATS LEFT, PEOPLE PUT THESE IN THE FRONT OF THEIR HOUSES TO DO EXACTLY THE SAME THING.

CANDOMBLÉ IS ONE ESSENTIAL ELEMENT OF TRADITIONAL BAHIAN CULTURE.

BAHIAN FOOD IS THE OTHER.

BAHIANS OFTEN CALL THEIR FOOD DENDÊ FOOD.

IT'S MAIN INGREDIENT IS PALM OIL.

IT IS A FOOD OF THE SLAVES WITH ITS ORIGINS DATING BACK TO SLAVERY AND TO AFRICA.

A TYPE OF BEAN, DRIED SHRIMP AND PALM OIL ARE ALL IMPORTANT INGREDIENTS.

THERE IS ALSO CARURU WHICH IS MADE FROM OKRA AND IS ALSO MIXED WITH DRIED SHRIMP AND PALM OIL.

VATAPÁ IS A PASTE SERVED INSIDE ACARAJÉ WHICH IS MADE UP OF SMALL FRIED BEAN CAKES.

IF YOU SPEAK OF BAHIA, YOU MUST ALSO SPEAK ABOUT TYPICAL BAHIAN FOOD.

EVERYBODY IS ORDERING ACARAJÉ.

THIS IS COSTING ME FIVE REAIS, THREE DOLLARS.

YOU PAY FIRST HERE.

IT'S A GOOD IDEA.

TO MAKE THE ACARAJÉ, THEY MAKE BEAN FLOUR.

IT'S ALL BEANS GRINDED UP VERY FIND, LABOR INTENSIVE.

AND THEY MAKE THAT INTO A DOUGH AND THEN THEY MAKE THE DOUGH INTO CAKES AND DEEP FRY THOSE CAKES IN DENDÊ OIL.

THEN THEY CUT THEM IN HALF AS IF IT WERE A SANDWICH AND INSIDE THEY PUT VATAPÁ, THEY PUT OKRA BASED SAUCE, THEY PUT SHRIMP, THEY PUT TOMATOES, ONIONS AND A VERY HOT PEPPER.

IF THERE IS ONE FOOD THAT IS EMBLEMATIC OF BAHIA IT'S THE ACARAJÉ.

THIS IS THE DENDÊ OIL THEY COOK IT IN, DEEP FAT FRIED, AND YOU CAN SEE THAT CRISPY LUSCIOUS MIX.

HAVE YOUR CHOLESTEROL CHECKED BEFORE YOU EAT IT AND THEN WAIT A WEEK.

MY MOUTH IS WATERING EVEN AS WE SPEAK SO I'M READY TO GO.

AND HAS A RICHNESS WHICH OF COURSE ANYTHING DEEP FRIED DOES BUT THE DENDÊ ALSO HAS ITS OWN FLAVOR.

IT PERVADES THE STREETS IN AREAS WHERE THEY COOK.

TOMATOES, ONIONS, CHILI PEPPERS AND SOME SPICES I CAN'T IDENTIFY, PLUS THE SHRIMP.

OH, MY GOODNESS!

IT REQUIRES A LOT OF WORK TO PREPARE THIS FOOD BUT ITS AROMATIC SMELL IS EMBLEMATIC OF THIS PLACE.

THE AROMA REMINDS ME OF THIS REGION, THIS CITY OF SALVADOR.

IT REPRESENTS OUR HISTORY.

IT MAKES US REMEMBER THE SUFFERING THAT WAS A RESULT OF THE GENOCIDE COMMITTED AGAINST GENERATIONS OF AFRICANS ENSLAVED AND KILLED IN THE NEW WORLD.

THESE FOODS ARE EVER SO IMPORTANT IN THE CONTINUED CELEBRATION OF THE AFRO-BRAZILIAN RELIGION, CANDOMBLÉ.

BAHIAN FOOD AND CANDOMBLÉ FORM AN INEXTRICABLE HISTORICAL LINK TO THE INSTITUTION OF SLAVERY.

IN THE 16TH CENTURY, PLANTATIONS WORKED BY SLAVES EXPANDED RAPIDLY ACROSS ALL SAINTS BAY FROM SALVADOR, ALONG THE COAST KNOWN AS THE RECÔNCAVO.

THE RIVER ENTERING ALL SAINTS BAY HERE IS CALLED THE PARAGUAÇU.

<HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/W IKI/PARAGUA%C3%A7UóRIVER> IT'S THE BIGGEST RIVER IN ALL OF THE STATE OF BAHIA.

ITS ORIGIN IS A FEW HUNDRED KILOMETERS TO THE WEST.

SEVERAL HUNDRED YEARS AGO, PERHAPS IN THE 16TH CENTURY, BOATS WERE ALREADY COMING UP HERE AND SETTLEMENTS WERE BEING BUILT.

THERE ARE STILL QUILOMBOLAS LOCATED ALONG THE RIVER.

WITH A LITTLE LUCK WE'LL BE ABLE TO FIND SOME AND SEE HOW LIFE HAS CHANGED, IF AT ALL.

THIS VILLAGE IS A QUILOMBOLA.

IT'S A PLACE THAT ESCAPED SLAVES.

IT HAS BEEN HERE FOR A COUPLE HUNDRED YEARS.

THEY WERE ABLE TO HID OUT AND BE SAFE FROM THE MASTERS WHO WERE HUNTING THEM DOWN.

THE RITUAL WE SEE HERE IS PART HISTORY, PART PRESENT AND PART CULTURAL DELIGHT.

THEY JUST SLAUGHTERED A PIG.

THIS IS HOLY SATURDAY, THE DAY BEFORE EASTER.

THIS IS A SPECIAL PIG, IT IS FOR HOLY WEEK.

THEY HAVE TAKEN ORDERS FROM ALL THE COMMUNITY TO FIND OUT WHO WANTS WHAT CUT.

THEY THEN SLAUGHTER THE PIG AND PEOPLE COME TO PICK UP THE CUTS OF MEAT.

THEY'RE WEIGHED HERE AND THEN THEIR LIST IS MADE, THEY PUT THEIR NAMES DOWN AND THEY FIND OUT HOW MUCH THEY OWE.

THE ORIGIN OF THE CEREMONY GOES WAY BACK.

A PIG IS FROM PORTUGAL, THE SLAVES WERE FROM AFRICA AND THE CUSTOM IS FROM BRAZIL.

I'M JOINING HERE A FAMILY, ONE FAMILY, AN EXTENDED FAMILY, NOT QUITE A CLAN.

THEIR HOUSE IS MADE OUT OF ADOBE OR MUD, THE WAY IT WOULD HAVE BEEN IN AFRICA.

THIS FAMILY ESPECIALLY LOVES BIRDS.

THEY HAVE, OH, MAYBE 15 CAGES AND SEVEN OR EIGHT DIFFERENT SPECIES AND THEY TEND TO ALL OF THEM VERY, VERY CAREFULLY.

THE QUILOMBOS WERE HIDDEN COMMUNITIES FOUNDED BY SLAVES WHO HAD ESCAPED FROM PLANTATIONS AROUND THE CITY.

THE DESCENDENTS OF SLAVES WHO REMAINED IN THE CITY FORMED A SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS SETTING THAT GIVES CACHOEIRA ITS PERSONALITY TODAY.

IN AND AROUND CACHOEIRA THERE ARE A COUPLE OF DOZEN CATHOLIC CHURCHES BUT THERE ARE OVER 100 TERRERIOS.

THAT'S WHERE THE CANDOMBLÉ TAKES PLACE.

IT IS BEGINNING AT THE SAME TIME AS THE MOST IMPORTANT MASS OF THE YEAR.

THEY CAME POURING OUT OF THE CHURCH WHEN THE CHURCH BELLS RANG.

IT'S NOW EASTER MORNING.

THE GROUP CARRYING THE RISEN CHRIST I GUESS CAME RUNNING BY, JUST MARCHING RIGHT OFF AND BEHIND THEM A BRASS BAND AND THAT'S HOW IT IS IN CACHOEIRA EARLY EASTER MORNING.

MEANWHILE, UP THE HILL THE CANDOMBLÉ IS GOING ON IN A MUCH MORE AFRICAN WAY, COMPLETELY DIFFERENT CEREMONIES, COMPLETELY DIFFERENT ORIGIN AND COMPLETELY DIFFERENT EFFECT.

CANDOMBLÉ IS AN AFRICAN RELIGION THAT FIRST ARRIVED IN BRAZIL HERE IN THE TOWN OF CACHOEIRA IN BAHIA.

AFRICANS WERE BROUGHT HERE AS SLAVES OWNED BY THE WHITE PORTUGUESE MASTERS WHO OWNED THE SUGAR CANE PLANTATIONS.

WHEN THE SLAVES ARRIVED, THEY FOUND THEMSELVES FORCED TO ACCEPT THE CATHOLIC RELIGION.

THE ONLY WAY THE BLACK PEOPLE COULD CELEBRATE THEIR OWN RELIGIONS, IN HONOR OF THEIR OWN GODS, WAS TO MIX THEIR BELIEFS WITH CATHOLIC RITUALS.

THUS, THEY FORMED A RELIGIOUS SYNCRETISM.

THE PLANTATION OWNERS WOULD FORCE THE SLAVES TO KNEEL DOWN TO THE SAINT SAN ANTONIO BUT AT THE SAME TIME THE SLAVE WOULD BE SLIPPING AN OFFERING TO OGUN, AN AFRICAN DEITY, UNDERNEATH THE STATUE OF THE CATHOLIC SAINT.

IT WAS THIS KIND OF MELDING OR MIXING OF RELIGIONS THAT ALLOWED SLAVES TO CONTINUE TO PRACTICE THEIR OWN SYSTEM OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND IT CONTINUES UNTIL THIS DAY.

WE LIVE HERE IN THE SMALL BUT HISTORICALLY HEROIC TOWN OF CACHOEIRA THAT IS KNOWN AS THE HEARTLAND OF RELIGIOUS SYNCRETISM.

HERE YOU WILL FIND 24 CATHOLIC CHURCHES AND 150 CANDOMBLÉ SACRED PLACES KNOWN AS TERRERIOS USED FOR THE CELEBRATION AFRO-BRAZILIAN RELIGION.

THE FAITHFUL WILL ATTEND A CATHOLIC MASS AND RIGHT AFTERWARDS GO TO A TERRERIO TO HONOR THE AFRICAN GODS AND VICE VERSA.

WE BEGIN BY CHANTING TO ESHU, CHANTING IN YORUBA.

'ESHU, TELL ME WHO THESE PEOPLE ARE WITH ME.

WHAT ARE THEIR INTENTIONS?'

THE SHELLS SPOKE.

BEFORE EVERYTHING CANDOMBLÉ WAS BORN.

SLAVERY WAS BORN.

BLACK PEOPLE CAME TO BE.

PEOPLE CRITICIZED THIS RELIGION DECRYING IT AS DEVIL WORSHIPING.

THAT'S NOT TRUE AT ALL.

CERTAINLY IT CAN BE USED TO DO HARM.

OVER HERE WE HAVE REPRESENTATIONS OF OUR EARLY ANCESTORS, OUR POWERFUL SAINTS AND DEITIES.

THOSE ARE THE POWERFUL ONES.

I ASK MY ODISHA, MY GOD, TO PROTECT ME, TO GIVE ME STRENGTH AND POWER TO LET OTHERS KNOW WHO I AM.

THESE AFRICAN DEITIES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH NATURAL FORCES.

OGUN CONTROLS THE WATERS; OCHOSÍ IS THE HUNTER, THE WARRIOR; CHANGO CONTROLS ASHE, THE ALL POWERFUL, THE KING OF KINGS.

THIS COMES DIRECTLY TO US FROM OUR ANCESTORS, FROM AN ANCIENT TIME, A TIME WHEN THE SLAVES WERE ON SHIPS CROSSING THE ATLANTIC TO THE NEW WORLD.

400 YEARS AGO PORTUGUESE SETTLERS PLANTED THE FIRST SUGAR CANE PLANTATIONS IN BRAZIL BASED ON THE LABOR OF AFRICAN SLAVES.

HERE IN CACHOEIRA IT BECAME THE LARGEST AND MOST AFFLUENT CITY IN THE REGION.

TODAY IT'S LESS THAN THE 100TH THE SIZE OF SALVADOR ACROSS THE BAY BUT IT HAS POWERFUL REMNANTS OF AFRICAN CULTURE.

QUILOMBOS, CAPOEIRA, CANDOMBLÉ, FOOD AND MUSIC AND CHURCHES AND MONUMENTAL BUILDINGS BASED ON AFRICAN SLAVE LABOR.

LONG AFTER THE REMNANTS OF AFRICAN CULTURE HAVE DISAPPEARED IN MOST OF THE REST OF BRAZIL, THEY'LL LIVE ON HERE IN CACHOERIA AND IN BAHIA.

YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK IS OUR FIRST AND ONE OF THE MOST VISITED NATIONAL PARKS.

IN WINTER, ACCESS IS LIMITED AND VISITORS AND WILDLIFE ARE CHALLENGED BY DEEP SNOW AND FIERCE COLD.

THE FROZEN LANDSCAPE IS UTTERLY TRANSFORMED AND ITS EXPLOSIVE POTENTIAL IS EVEN MORE EVIDENT.

JOIN US NEXT TIME IN THE AMERICAS WITH ME, DAVID YETMAN.

YOU CAN BUY ACARAJÉ IN OTHER CITIES IN BRAZIL BUT EVERYONE AGREES IT'S NOT AS GOOD THERE AS IT IS HERE.

IT'S SORT OF LIKE SAN FRANCISCO SOURDOUGH BREAD.

WE CAN MAKE IT ELSEWHERE BUT IT'S NOT QUITE THE SAME.

FUNDING FOR IN THE AMERICAS WITH DAVID YETMAN WAS PROVIDED BY AGNES HAURY.

COPIES OF THIS AND OTHER EPISODES OF IN THE AMERICAS WITH DAVID YETMAN ARE AVAILABLE FROM THE SOUTHWEST CENTER.

TO ORDER CALL 1-800-937-8632.

PLEASE MENTION THE EPISODE NUMBER AND PROGRAM TITLE.

PLEASE BE SURE TO VISIT US AT INTHEAMERICAS.COM OR INTHEAMERICAS.ORG.