>>> COMING UP NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON, THE LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF STAYS AND CITIES REFUSING TO COOPERATE WITH FEDERAL IMMIGRATION ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS.

>>> DETAILS ON THE U.S.

SUPREME COURT TURNING DOWN A CHALLENGE TO THE COPPER MINES.

A LOCAL ARTIST DONATES 1,000 PAINTINGS TO THE ST.

VINCENT DE PAUL SHELTER IN NEED.

THOSE STORIES AND NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON.

>> MADE POSSIBLE BY CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE FRIENDS AT ARIZONA PBS.

MEMBERS OF YOUR PUBLIC TELEVISION STATION.

>>> GOOD EVENING, AND WELCOME TO ARIZONA HORIZON.

I'M TED SIMONS.

COULD STATES AND CITIES REFUSE TO HELP WITH FEDERAL IMMIGRATION ENFORCEMENT AND CAN THE PRESIDENT WITH HOLD FUNDING TO THE CITYTIONS AND STATES.

THE QUESTIONS ARE INCREASING RELEVANTS WHEN THEY RESPOND TO THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION CRACKDOWN.

JOINING US IS THE U.S.

ATTORNEY IN PHOENIX.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING ME.

>> LET'S TALK ABOUT THIS.

CAN CITIES AND STATES REFUSE TO COOPERATE WITH THE FEDERAL ACTIONS?

>> THE SHORT ANSWER IS YES, THEY CAN.

YOU CAN'T GO SO FAR AS TO OBSTRUCT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.

IF THEY COME IN AND SAY WE WANT TO BRING ICE OUT HERE.

WE WANT TO ARREST FOLKS HERE UNLAWFULLY.

THE CITY CAN REFUSE TO PARTICIPATE IN THE ACTION.

>> BY REFUSING TO COOPERATE, YOU ARE STANDING IN THE WAY.

>> YOU CAN'T.

THE REJECT THEY CAN'T IS LONG-STANDING U.S.

SUPREME COURT LAW.

THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DOES BACKGROUND CHECKS ON PEOPLE PURCHASING WEAPONS.

WHEN THE LAW FIRST CAME INTO EFFECT, THE GOVERNMENT REQUIRES STATES TO PAY FOR AND ENACT EACH OF THE BACKGROUND CHECKS ON THEIR OWN.

LOCAL SHERIFF'S OBJECTED.

THEY SAID THEY CAN'T COMPEL US TO DO SOMETHING IN COMPLIANCE WITH THEIR OWN FEDERAL LAWS.

THE MOST CONSERVATIVE JUGS TIS SAID, THAT'S CORRECT.

YOU CANNOT COMPEL THE STATE TO DO SOMETHING THEY DON'T WISH TO DO AND SOMETHING YOU HAVEN'T PROVIDED THEM.

>> I I THOUGHT ABOUT GUN LAWTIONS.

THE SHOW IS ON THE OTHER FOOT HERE.

USING THE NATIONAL GUARD, IF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT WOULD LIKE TO USE THE NATIONAL GUARD AND GOVERNOR HOBS FOR THIS PARTICULAR REASON, I DON'T THINK SO.

CAN SHE DO THAT.

>> SHE CAN SAY I DON'T WANT TO USE THE NATIONAL GUARD IN AS MUCH AS I, THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS IN CONTROL.

WHAT THE PRESIDENT HAS DONE SAID IF YOU DON'T DO IT, GOVERNOR OF THOSE STATES, I WILL FEDERALIZE THE NATIONAL GUARD.

I WILL SEND THE NATIONAL GUARD UNDER FEDERAL AUTHORITY INTO THOSE STATES.

IT'S A DIFFERENT COMPONENT.

WE THINK OF THEM HELPING DURING BAD WEATHER AND LOCAL AND STATE EMERGENCIES, IT'S UNUSUAL TO SAY THE LEAST TO SEE THEM FEDERALIZED.

>> DEPLOYED AT THE OPPOSITION OF STATE LEADERSHIPS.

>> FROM ONE STATE TO THE OTHER.

YOU MIGHT HAVE HEARD THE.

GOVERNOR OF OKLAHOMA OBJECT TO THIS.

IT'S INTERESTING AND FRANK TO SAY, HE WOULD OBJECT IF SOMEONE WERE TO EMPLOY, AS A FEDERAL NATIONALIZATION OF NATIONAL GUARDS FROM ILLINOIS AND DEPLOY THEM IN OKLAHOMA TO ENFORCE A LAW HE DIDN'T WANT ENFORCED THERE.

>> DID WE SEE THIS DURING THE CIVIL RIGHTS ERA.

>> WE DID, YOU KNOW YOUR HISTORY WELL.

THE NATIONAL GUARD WAS FELL RADDIZED TO ALLOW STUDENTS TO ATTEND SCHOOL WHEN THERE WAS OPEN DISCRIMINATION.

THEY WERE ALLOWED TO GO IN AND ASSIST IN PROTECTING THE STUDENTS AS THEY WENT INTO THE SCHOOLS.

>> ALSO, I THINK OF MARIJUANA LAWS.

SOME ALLOW FOR THE USAGE OF MARIJUANA.

THAT'S AGAINST FEDERAL LAW.

>> PER SIZE PRECISELY.

THE BEST WAY TO GET RID OF A BAD LAW O WAS TO ENFORCE IT.

WE WILL EP FORCE PROSECUTIONS WITH SMALL QUALITIES.

THERE WOULD BE A GREAT UPROAR AND STATE AND LOCAL WOULDN'T ASSIST THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IN THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAWS.

>> THEY DON'T HAVE TO ASSIST BUT CAN'T STAND IN THE WAY.

>> PRECISELY, WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT NOT ASSISTING THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AS IT RELATES TO IMMIGRATION RELATED OFFENSES, THERE ARE A POLITICAL LAW ENFORCEMENT REASONS.

IF I GIVE YOU UNEXAMPLE, IT'S DOMESTIC VIOLENCE.

LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT WILL TELL YOU WE DON'T WANT TO HAVE VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE FEAR.

IT'S THE VICTIM THAT WOULD BE ARRESTED IF WE RESPOND BECAUSE THEY ARE HERE UNLAWFULLY IN THE UNITED STATES.

WE WANT THEM TO CALL US IF THEY ARE BEING HARMED IN SOMEWAY AND NOT FEAR ARREST.

>> THAT'S NUANCE AND THAT'S TAKEN A HOLIDAY IN A LOT OF THIS.

THE BOTTOM LINE, STATES HAVE SOVEREIGNTY BUT FEDERAL LAW IS SUPREME.

>> CORRECT, THE TENTH AMENDMENT SAYS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAS SPECIFIC RIGHTS BUT EVERY OTHER RIGHT THAT ISN'T CALLED FOR THAT'S NOT ASSIGNED TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT THE STATES RETAIN THOSE.

ONE OF THOSE RIGHTS AS JUSTICE STATED IS NOT BE COMPELLED TO ENFORCE FEDERAL LAW.

>> WHAT IF A PRESIDENT IN THE WHITE HOUSE THREATENS TO WITH HOLD FEDERAL FUNDING TO A CERTAIN AREA OR STATE BECAUSE THOSE LEADERS ARE NOT AGREEING TO COOPERATE, CAN THAT BE POSSIBLE?

>> IN NARROW SITUATIONS, IT CAN.

IT SAYS, IF YOU DON'T ENFORCE THE LAWS YOU CAN WITH HOLD FEDERAL FUNDS.

IF IT'S COERCIVE.

YOU MIGHT UNDERSTAND WHEN THERE WAS A SPEED LIMIT OF 55 MILES PER HOUR.

THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SAID YOU DON'T HAVE TO HAVE A 55-MILE PER HOUR SPEED LIMIT BUT IF YOU DON'T, WE WILL HOLD FEDERAL FUNDING.

THAT WAS RELATED TO THE HIGHWAYS IT WAS ALLOWED FOR THAT FEDERAL FUNDING AND GO 55 MILES PER HOUR.

IF THE PRESIDENT SAID I WOULDN'T GIVE YOU A DOLLARS.

IF YOU DON'T ENFORCE THE FEDERAL IMMIGRATION LAWS THOSE ARE DIVERTENT AND SEPARATE.

IF IT GOES TO THE U.S.

SUPREME COURT, IT WILL BE FOUND UNCONSTITUTIONAL.

>> IT HAS TO BE SPECIFIC TO THAT ACTION.

>> EXACTLY.

>> LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT, IS IT REQUIRED TO PROTECT ICE AGENTS?

>> THEY ARE REQUIRED TO PROTECT ALL WHO FALL IN THEIR JURISDICTION.

IF ICE AGENTS ARE ASSAULTED IT'S LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENTS JOB TO PROTECT EVERYONE.

THE PROBLEM THEY HAVE, THERE IS NOT GOOD COORDINATION BETWEEN FEDERAL AND LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT.

THAT'S NOT UNIQUE TO IMMIGRATION LAW.

I HAD THAT IN MY EXPERIENCE.

OFTENTIMES THEY DON'T COMMUNICATE.

PUT THEM IN A BAD POSITION IF YOU AND FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT ACT IN A WAY TO PUT YOURSELF IN DANGER AND REQUIRE THEM TO COME TO THE RESCUE.

>> WE ARE RUNNING OUT OF TIME HERE.

ATTORNEY GENERAL PAM BONDI, THIS IS A QUOTE.

YOU BETTER ABIDE BY OUR FEDERAL POLICIES BECAUSE IF YOU AREN'T WE ARE COMING AFTER YOU, WHAT DO YOU MAKE OF THAT?

IT'S PREFORMATIVE AND NOT SOMETHING YOU COULD ENFORCE.

THERE IS A SEGMENT OF THE POLYMERLATION TO HEAR THAT.

TO ENFORCE THAT IN ANY FEDERAL COURT, I'M SURE YOU WOULD LOSE.

>> THE IDEA OF IT BEING COERCIVE.

>> WE GO BACK TO THE IDEA, I CAN'T COMPEL LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT TO ENFORCE A FEDERAL LAW.

>> WHERE IS ALL OF THIS HEADED?

>> I SUSPECT ON IT'S WAY TO THE U.S.

SUPREME COURT AND SEE HOW IT IS AS A RULE.

THERE ARE MANY DECISIONS THAT WERE MADE SO FAR ON THIS ADMINISTRATION.

SOME HAVE NOT.

MANY CONSERVATIVE JUSTICES IN THE PAST THAT FOUND THIS TO BE OFFENSIVE TO THE CONSTITUTION IF THEY FOLLOW THAT PRECEDENT THEY WILL FOLLOW HERE AND SAY, IT'S UNCONSTITUTIONAL TO COMPEL LAW ENFORCEMENT TO ENFORCE IMMIGRATION LAWS.

>> A FORMER U.S.

ATTORNEY, ALWAYS A PLEASURE TO HAVE YOU.

>>> THE SA PEOPLE COURT TURNING DOWN A LAND EXCHANGE.

THIS IS THE SECOND TIME THE HIGH COURT DECLINED TO HEAR THIS CHALLENGE TO THIS PARTICULAR LAND EXPERIENCE.

WE WELCOME DEBRA.

AN AFFAIRS REPORTER FOR THE ARIZONA REPUBLIC.

>> GOOD TO SEE YOU.

>> THE SUPREME COURT LOOKING AT THIS STRONGHOLD SUIT, ONCE AGAIN SAID, WE DON'T WANT TO HEAR IT.

>> YEAH, IT'S A CONTINUING CYCLE, YOU KNOW, AS WE DISCUSSED BEFORE.

IT GOES BACK TO 1980s, WHEN THE SUPREME COURT SAID, JUST BECAUSE THEY ARE GOING TO DESTROY A SACRED SITE DOESN'T MEAN PEOPLE CANNOT BE ABLE TO PRACTICE THEIR RELIGION.

THEY CONTINUE TO OVERT THAT.

>> TALK ABOUT THE LAND EXCHANGE.

BETWEEN THE SERVICE AND RESOLUTION COPPER.

WHAT ARE THE DETAILS OF THE LAND EXCHANGE, WHAT WAS THE SUIT CALLING FOR.

>> THE DETAILS WERE THAT, RESOLUTION COPPER WENT TO CONGRESS AND AFTER TEN YEARS FINALLY CONVINCED THEM TO DO A LAST MINUTE RIGHT OR DEFENSE BILL IN 2014.

THEY BROUGHT SEVERAL PLOTS OF LAND.

THESE ARE PRIVATE PLOTS OF LAND SURROUNDED BY PUBLIC LAND.

OFFERING TO SWAP THEM.

>> 60 MILES TO THE EAST.

>> THEY CONSIDER THAT ONE OF THE HOME OF THE MOUNTAIN SPIRITS.

JUST LIKE THE SACRED SITE JESUS WAS BURIED.

>> ALSO A PLACE WHERE THERE IS A MASSIVE, LIKE THE LARGEST COPPER REMAINING ORE SCYTHE IN THE COUNTRY.

>> ENOUGH TO SUPPLY 25%.

>> YOU WERE TALKING ABOUT THIS BEFORE.

LEAVING A BIG CRATE TER.

BECAUSE OF THE MINING EFFORT.

>> IT'S THE REVERSE OF AN OPEN PIT.

THEY DRILLED A 7,000-FOOT SHAFT ALL READY TUNNELING UNDERNEATH.

LEAVING PILLARS JUST ENOUGH TO HOLD THE LAND ABOVE IT UP THEY WILL KNOCK THE PILLARS DOWN.

>> OH.

THEY ARE SUPPOSED TO SUBSIDE INTO THE OPEN SPACE.

THERE IS ANOTHER TUNNEL GOING TO TAKE THE CRUSH THE ORE OUT TO ALOUDING FACILITY.

DOWN TO MEXICO THEN CHINA.

THE TRIBE ARE PEOPLE AND RELIGIOUS LEADERSHIP THERE ARE SEVERAL INVOLVED.

>> FOR THE SECOND TIME WE DON'T WANT TO HEAR THIS.

>> THEY RELY ON THE PRECEDENT.

THE LAST 40 YEARS THE NATIVE RELIGIONS DESTROYING CERTAIN PIECES OF PUBLIC LAND ARE NOT WHAT THEY CALL A BURDEN ON RELIGIOUS PRACTICE.

ONE OF THE ORIGINAL DECISIONS ON THIS SAID THAT IF WE LET NATIVE PEOPLE SAY THE SPOT IS SACRED WHAT'S TO KEEP OTHER RELIGIONS FROM DOING THAT.

WHAT THE STRONGHOLDS ARE YOU GUYS ARE NOT LOOKING BACK FAR ENOUGH BECAUSE OF SOME RELIGION THAT CAME HERE 50 YEARS AGO AND DOESN'T HAVE THE SAME CONNECTIONS TO THE LAND AND BEEN HERE FOR FIVE, TEN, 20,000 YEARS.

>> THIS IS CLOSING THE BOOK.

>> ON THIS ONE, YES, THERE ARE OTHERS.

>> THEY ARE CURRENTLY THREE OTHER LAWSUITS IN PLAY.

THE FIRST TWO ARE THE ONES FILED AT THE SAME TIME APACHE STRONGHOLDS IN 2021.

THAT'S WHY A GROUP OF ENVIRONMENTALIST AND TRIBAL ASSOCIATIONS OF ARIZONA AND THE OTHER ONES FIND BY SAN CARLOS TRIBE.

BOTH RELIGIOUS AND ENVIRONMENTAL.

THEY PUT THOSE ON HOLD UNTIL THE NEW IMPACT STATEMENT CAME OUT THIS YEAR.

>> THE LAST ONE WAS ELDERS TEACHING THEIR CHILDREN ABOUT RELIGION.

>> THEY CALL IT THE LOPEZ CASE.

THERE ARE FOUR APACHE WOMEN, ALL MOTHERS, ASSERTING IF THEY GO AWAY THAT WILL THEIR ABILITY TO TEACH THE KIDS AND THEIR RELIGION THERE WAS A RECENT CASE CALLED THE MOCKMUD CASE.

PEOPLE PRACTICING MUSLIM RELIGION, THE ORTHODOX RELIGION, I BELIEVE SOME CATHOLICS SUED BECAUSE THEY THEIR THEIR ABILITY TO CONSTRUCT THEIR KIDS.

IT WAS IMPEDED BY CURRICULUM AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

>> BEFORE WE GO, WE SHOULD MENTION A LOT OF FOLKS WOULD LIKE THIS MINE.

THEY THINK THIS WILL MEAN A LOT OF JOBS AND GROWTH FOR THE ENTIRE STATE.

CERTAINLY, THAT PARTICULAR REGION.

THIS IS A SPLIT COMMUNITY.

>> OH, YEAH, IT'S SUPERIOR AND SPLIT SAN CARLOS COMMUNITY IN HALF.

A LOT OF THE COMMUNITIES AND COPPER TRIANGLE, YOU SAW WHAT HAPPENED WITH THE GLOBE MIAMI FLOOD.

THIS INCREDIBLY RICH REGION CALLED THE COPPER TRIANGLE CONTAINS THE POOREST PEOPLE IN THE STATE.

THEY ARE DEASPIRATE FOR JOBS.

>> WE WILL SEE HOW FAR THIS GOES.

GREAT JOB REPORTING ON THIS.

ARIZONA REPUBLIC.

THANK YOU FOR SHARING THE STORY.

>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME ON, AGAIN.

>> YOU BET.

>>> A SHELTER FOR PEOPLE IN NEED WERE GRACED BY MORE THAN 1,000 PAINTINGS.

NOT ONLY DECORATING THE FACILITY BUT ALLOWED THEM TO TAKE THE PAINTING WOMEN THIS.

WE WELCOME THEM TO ARIZONA HORIZON.

THE ASSOCIATE CHIEF PROGRAM OFFICER.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

I HAVE SO MANY QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PAUL MANNER.

1,000 1,000 1,000 PAINTINGS, WHEN DID YOU SLEEP?

>> I DECIDED TO DO IT BECAUSE I BELIEVE IN THE PROGRAM.

THIS IS A PROGRAM, NOT JUST A BOWL OF SOUP AND BED FOR THE NIGHT.

THEY REALLY HELP PEOPLE RENEW THEIR LIVES AND MOVE ONTO A COMPLETE AND BETTER LIFE.

I BELIEVE, IT'S SUCH A GOOD PROGRAM THAT, I HAPPEN TO BE A VERY TO BE VERY HAPPY AND BRIGHT COLORED PAINTINGS.

I'M VERY PROLIFIC BECAUSE THEY DO GIVE UP SO EARLY.

I WANTED, I MEAN THE GIFTED WAS TO ME.

THEY COULD CHOSE THE PARENTING.

I BELIEVE THEY SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO TAKE THEM WITH THEM WHEN THEY MOVE ON.

>> WHAT IS DE PAUL MANNER.

WE TALK ABOUT THE FACILITY AND SERVICES OFFICERED.

>> TRANSITIONAL HOUSING.

WE CALL THAT OUR PARTICLASH STYLE OF HOUSING AND INTERIM HOUSING COMMUNITY.

INTERIM IS TEMPORARY.

WE WANT TO GET EVERYONE INTO PERMANENT HOUSING AND ON THE COMMUNITY PART, WE FOCUS ON HELPING PEOPLE TO BUILD A COMMUNITY WHILE THEY ARE THERE.

IT FOLLOWS THEM.

>> THIS PROGRAM WAS DESIGNED FOR PEOPLE OVER THE AGE OF 55 OR HAVE A DISABILITY.

>> MEETINGS WITH CASE MANAGERS WHEN THEY GET OUT AND TRANSITION.

>> FINANCE CLASSES AND SINGING.

ANYTHING PEOPLE WOULD LIKE TO DO TO ENRICH SOMEONES LIVES.

>> THE PAINTINGS, HOW MUCH OF A CHANGE HAS THAT MADE.

>> OUR BUILDING WAS BUILT A YEAR AGO AND IT WAS COMPLETELY PLANK.

IT WAS A BLANK CANVAS.

WHEN SHE HEARD WE NEEDED THE ARTWORK IT ELEVATED THE SPACE INTO A PROCLAMATION OF COLOR, JOY, AND WARMTH, IT'S MY FAVORITE GIFT WE HAVE BEEN GIVEN.

>> THE IDEA OF EVERYONE TAKING THE PAINTING.

IT'S TRUE, YOU DON'T KNOW WHERE THEY ARE GOING.

>> I'D LIKE THEM TO HAVE A HAPPY LIFE AND JOY AND COLOR IN THEIR LIFE.

YOU KNOW, I'M STILL PAINTING AND I'VE I WILL KEEP PAINTING AND GIVE THEM MORE SO THEY CAN GIVE THEM TO THE PEOPLE WHO ARE MOVING ON.

>> DID YOU SAVE SOME FOR YOURSELF?

>> WE HAVE JUST DOWNSIZED.

I AM IN A SMALLER SPACE AND I DON'T NEED AS MANY.

WE HAVE AS FAR AS THE RESPONSE, WHAT HAS IT BEEN.

>> IT'S SO LOVELY, THEY HAVE THE COMMENTS FROM RESIDENTS.

WE WROTE DOWN WHAT EACH PAINTING HALLS MEANT FOR THEM.

WHEN THEY COME TO HANG THE PAINTINGS ONE OF THEM WAS HELPING THEM HANG THE PAINTING.

IT'S GREAT AND THEY LOVE THEM.

>> THAT RESPONSE HAS TO BE HEARTWARMING.

>> IT IS TO HEAR.

THE MAN WHO WOULD COME TO PICK UP MY PAINTINGS.

WE WOULD MOVE THOUSANDS OF PAINTINGS.

IT WAS DAUNTING THING TO DO.

EVERY OTHER WEEK, WITH A MAN NAMED DAVE.

IT WAS A HAPPY AND EASY EXPERIENCE FOR ME.

>> CONGRATULATIONS.

SOUNDS LIKE THINGS ARE GOING WELL.

EVERYONE GETS A PAINTING WHEN THEY GO.

GOOD TO HAVE YOU BOTH.

>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING US.

>> THAT'S IT FOR NOW.

I'M TED SIMONS.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

HAVE A GREAT EVENING.

A