- Welcome to the Friday lecture series, "Architecture for Health," where this semester we're asking our leadership with the Center for Health Systems and Design to take a look forward and tell us what they see on the research frontier that may impact evidence-based design in the field of health design.

Today, our speaker is George J. Mann.

For many, many years identified with the health design program at Texas A&M.

But just to give you a snapshot, 'cause the full picture would take forever, but a snapshot of his background and accomplishments.

His Bachelor of Architecture and Master of Architecture Degrees both came from Columbia University in New York.

He arrived at Texas A&M in 1966, and began teaching health design here, and that became the start of our health design specialty.

He retired from teaching in January of 2022.

You can do the math, but it's about 55 and a half years, as he counts it, of teaching health design.

Over those years, about 4,000 students, and something in the neighborhood of 800 projects that he led.

Lots of accomplishments including past global director, the International Union of Architects, Public Health Group, and co-founder of GUPHA, the Global University Programs in Health Architecture.

Honors, so many, but a few, The President George H.W Bush Excellence in Service Award, the first recipient of the Dean J. Thomas Regan Award for Interdisciplinary Research Design and Teaching, Lifetime Leadership Award from the International Academy for Design and Health, Healthcare Design Educator of the Year, and most recently, and something that touches me in a special way, most recently, the fully funded George J. Mann Chair in Healthcare Design was launched, and I am happy and proud to be the first recipient of the Mann Chair.

Our speaker today is George J. Mann, legend in Health Design.

Please help me welcome him to our stage.

(audience applauding) - Thank you, Ray.

It's an honor to be here.

Thanks for putting together a very outstanding program of the various faculty speaking on their expertise.

I have another milestone that I want to announce.

I went about 60% of the way teaching myself PowerPoint at this late time in my life.

And WenJin Wang, or Summer Wang, she picked up the ball and she finished it off.

And our applause to you.

(applauding) (audience member chuckling) And thank you, thank you.

So in putting this together, I ran up a lot of slides, and Madison's gonna be my timekeeper, and she decides when she's gonna flip the slide.

I first want to thank two of my former students.

The tall fellow on the left is Ron Skaggs, in my first class.

He wanted to do housing and I said I was brought here to start a health program, why don't you sleep on it?

And the next day he came back and he said he was gonna do it.

That's how simple things go.

Then, he was in the army, he met Lieutenant Sprague, who's on the right.

Ron Skaggs, his wife Sandra is on the picture.

She played a big role behind the scenes in the firm, and he did a lot of traveling, and then when it got heavy, he got Joe Sprague to join.

And that was in 1970.

Ron graduated with the master's degree in 67.

So I want to thank many people, KMU and all the staff, the faculty, but particularly, the students.

And I asked two of our students to join me up here.

This is Madison Lesmeister.

- Hi.

- And Alanna Burnett Power.

- Powers.

- Powers.

- Powers.

She's got me.

Madison's getting married, and Alanna got married.

So thanks for doing this (students laughing) on short notice.

(students laughing) Madison's really gonna be in control of the presentation.

You will get the presentation I hope from Ray, so that you can go back and look at it.

I couldn't reduce the number of slides.

There are so much any things I wanted to tell you.

But find a job that you like to do or love to do, and you'll never work a day in your life.

And each project, each semester, this health initiative grew.

I can't believe what's happened.

And, but you'll see.

And I want you to know some highlights.

Of course you can't, I can't cover everything.

I was asked to give the university lecture in 89.

My parents were still alive, and they came and heard.

And I'm gonna drive you nuts because I'm moving back and forth in time.

This is not a chronological.

The title of it was "People, resources, and architecture".

And this slide shows that we're approaching 9.29 billion, and we're about 8 billion people.

So the world, if you look back in 1900 is 1.65 billion.

So a lot of your research is gonna be focused, I believe, on population, where the population's growing, and who they are.

Too many people are going to bed starving at night.

There's an imbalance on the planet.

It may be, and I hope I'm wrong, that we're not smart enough to learn how to live together on this planet.

And that could happen in a number of ways, and we'll go over them.

But within this, you need a vision of the future where vision is the art of seeing things invisible.

They're not there.

But this is where the population is going to be.

In Southeast Asia, you would think that China would be growing, but China I think brought things in management with having the very difficult thing of having a one-child family.

And that's changed.

So you need to have a background of the big picture.

Keep your eye on the donut and not the hole.

It's very important that the door swing the right way when you get into your plans, but hopefully you'll be able to figure that out.

But I think one of the biggest problems is what needs to be done and then how to do it.

So for architects, what comes with programming, and how comes with design and construction.

I'm gonna show you like innovative healthy communities was a theme for a lecture series.

So the students learn from the lecture series, they learn from field trips to going to meetings, they learn by their projects.

But I tend to encourage other kinds of projects.

Now, one of the things that's changed since I was at your stage is global communications.

If you told me when I was a student, you'd have a phone in your pocket, and you can mail a friend in China a photograph of your baby or yourself, I would say, "What are you smoking?"

And communications.

And so now I want to turn this over to Madison who had a chance to do a research project funded by Joe Sprague, who you saw.

Class of 70.

Class of 21?

- Yes.

- Okay.

And 23?

- 24.

- 24, sorry.

- Well, thank you.

As an undergraduate research scholar and as a J. Armand Burgun Fellowship recipient, I had the unique opportunity to work alongside Professor Mann, Ron Skaggs, Joe Sprague, and many other active professionals in the field of architecture, researching, telemedicine, and the future of health facilities design.

It was an amazing opportunity, and as you can see, it was a very much collaborative team effort.

And together we all researched telemedicine and its influence on health facility design, and what the future of telemedicine might look like in hospitals, in architecture, and in research.

And so I would encourage everyone in the audience and online to...

If you're interested in research, reach out to Professor Mann or Texas A&M.

There are a lot of resources to get you connected.

And as you can see, it's a huge collaborative effort.

So I would encourage all of you to make connections and pursue opportunities to research and get involved.

- Thank you.

Switching now to about 1988, 1990, I was invited to be a visiting professor in Japan.

I never worked a day in my life over there.

It was so much fun eating sushi with Yasushi.

And one day we brought him over here, when we were at the Texas Medical Center swimming in a swimming pool.

And he's saying he doesn't have enough students for the jobs available.

And I said the same is true here.

So we decided to invent a new association called GUPHA.

He pronounces it goofuh.

Global University Programs and Healthcare Architecture.

So this is where I'm driving you nuts.

Now, completely switch gears.

I used to say to my daughter expect the unexpected.

And she's a very logical person, and she said, "How can you expect the unexpected?"

Well, as you get older, there are a lot of things that are unexpected.

As you'll see here in the next slide, well, not quite, but let's hold the slide.

Then, when I was teaching at Columbia, we got, my mother used to say, "What's your latest brainstorm?"

Because I get ideas all over the place.

I got little three by five cards that I keep for my ideas.

(paper rustling) You know, I won't live long enough to do them.

So you can have my cards.

And, so when I was at Columbia, we did a conference at the World Trade Center on "Health facility planning and design in developing countries".

It happened to be on December 4th on the 55th floor, but I can't remember which tower.

And so in the next slide we have the unexpected.

So I'm glad I wasn't in that building, but a lot of people were.

And it's a whole mystery how this thing happened.

And the purpose of today is not to go into that.

But then I was driving in about, I'm losing track of time, let's just say 1990.

I was coming into the university by IHOP towards architecture, and all of a sudden I thought I was hit by a meteor.

But it was a guy who ran a red light and broadsided me.

And all I could, he came out, and he said he was sorry, he was delivering a pizza, and he didn't even offer me a slice.

So, (chuckles) you know, I just didn't know what hit me.

And I was able to go out to the junkyard the next day, and they took me by ambulance.

So the unexpected, I didn't expect to ride in an ambulance.

And so we did a project before ERV/As.

What I'm trying to get at is one project, and people, and ideas.

So I'd like to see research at A&M more involved with the students, including the undergraduate students who have phenomenal ideas.

So we designed an emergency response vehicle, ambulance.

This is Dr. P. K. Carlton.

He's a three-star general.

He lives in town.

He was the retired head of the US Air Force Surgeon General's Office.

He had 70,000 people under his command, and I think about 130 medical facilities.

And he loves architecture.

Another thing that we've done, we make a announcement that everybody gets credit no matter who they were on a project.

That's very important.

It's also very important for you to keep track of your communications because there's a tendency, I think, not only students for all of us to live in the moment, oh yes, Bill, let's have lunchtime sometime together, and nobody shows up for lunch.

It's a crazy world in communications.

So we had the American flag, and one of the teams of students put a hotel that would be commandeered, I think it was in Waco.

And this was the announcement also of Dr. Carlton called this surge hospitals.

It was a surge, like a wave of casualties that come in when you expect the unexpected, which you can't expect because it's unexpected, right?

So, (chuckles) and he brought along one of his buddies.

It's not only the people that you are working with, but they represent networks, and it's...

I decided that we'd have a big celebration.

We'd do one project to float a float in my swimming pool.

The second one was an individual project for two weeks.

And the third one was a team project.

I never chose up the teams.

They were watching each other.

He brought one of his buddies in, Admiral Carmona.

He's not really a naval admiral, he's in the public health service.

And that enhanced the whole thing.

And then Dr. Carlton took these projects to Congress trying to convince them.

And here again, were you supposed to talk at this point on this project?

I was a steamroller.

I'm sorry.

(Alanna chuckling) Please add.

- So you told us to talk about our projects that we did, but the CURA Pods are something that Madison and I were able to look into more in depth when we did undergraduate thesis.

And this was in 2020 when Covid broke out.

And again, the unexpected happened, and architects were responding with design solutions, and we were researching how they were coming up with ideas to take in people in large amounts, like the surge, like the wave of people coming in.

And one of their adaptations were shipping containers.

And they turned 'em into these CURA Pods that were equipped with HVAC and ceiling for infection control and isolating patients.

And so everyone was able to have their own pod.

They were social distanced, they were able to take care of patients, and they were able to be mobile when they were moved all over the place.

And so this is something that was really interesting development.

And this is the cover page for our thesis that we did with two other students, Verge Duarte and Nallely Chavarria.

And this thesis is what inspired our design project in the coming fall semester where we were all tasked with designing our own surge facility.

So we were able to pick whatever function our building had originally, but it had to turn into a surge facility and become a hospital for a mass casualties.

So Madison and I, our project was a women's museum in Brasilia, Brazil.

And the primary function was for it to be a museum.

But we kept the plan flexible with partitions so that it could easily become a surge facility and take in beds and patients at whatever capacity needed.

And there was underground storage for all of the art to go away and for it to become a surge facility.

So that was something really interesting.

And I think it reflects this lecture series too, how we're talking about new research, and new ideas, and how architecture can stay relevant with what's happening in the times, so.

- That's great.

Now, there's one thing I'd like you to mention that you were in a competition of how many students on the undergraduate level and the launch program?

- [Alanna] A hundred and ninety two or- There were a lot of students.

- [Madison] There were a lot.

- I think it was 192?

- [Alanna] There was 192.

- And you won first place.

- [Alanna] Yes.

(chuckling) - So they have a great attitude towards work and a work ethic.

Please continue on Tanzania.

- Yes.

- Alanna and I remained partners for a long time, (Alanna chuckling) and then we were in Professor Mann's studio again, and this project in particular in Professor Mann's studio, and the lecture series is what kind of prompted me to pursue telemedicine.

But in studio Alanna and I looked at a telemedicine facility based in Tanzania.

And one thing that we were tasked to do was question how is telemedicine going to influence the future of health facility design, and would that be a hybrid model where you would have inpatients and virtual care or completely virtual care.

And that really had us think as aspiring architects, what does that user journey look like, not just for patients but providers.

Is it all virtual?

And if so, what respite opportunities are there?

If it's a hybrid, how do patients come in, and can they interact with this technology?

So it was a great learning curve to think about how advanced technology can influence architecture.

- Thank you.

Incidentally, at the moment, as a result of Madison's work, she applied for a position, and she's working remotely from HKS.

- [Madison] Yes.

- And so congratulations.

- Thank you.

- And I think you're working for a local group, aren't you?

- I'm also working remotely.

They're based in DC.

- Oh, that's uptown, really?

That's great.

(Madison chuckling) So as we move back and forth in time, there are new research opportunities that occur.

So, I was very concerned with the under- and uninsured.

That's changed somewhat.

And so we had lecture series devoted to that in 2012.

And then also medical facilities are huge guzzlers of resources, fuel, money.

If you build a medical facility, sometimes they don't think about what it's gonna take to operate it.

So I saw two hospitals, one in outside of Athens, and it was about 160 million euros that were standing empty 'cause they didn't have the money to operate it.

And the Woodhull hospital in Brooklyn, New York City refused to take ownership of it because they didn't have the money to operate it.

And then it gets to be a big theme.

Then, if you come back to a slide, maybe I missed that.

Then, we wrote, this is the second article that we've done on our health program where we invited all our former students and their firms to participate.

And I think the link is somewhere in here, but this is what I would call like typical American hospitals, big air conditioned.

There are some countries like China, big air conditioned, and there are countries that don't have the technology for elevators.

So in the upper left is MD Anderson Cancer Center, and I think there's a student here who's gonna do a cancer center.

And it came out of a studio project.

Next slide.

Urbanization is a big problem.

Now you notice I'm not getting into detail with door swings in MD Anderson.

This is a big problem.

And you can become an expert in door swings, or you can become an expert in how you relate and do research on the major problems of the planet, which I think are urbanization, population, and climate, among others.

Water supply.

If you cleaned up the water, you'd drop the death rate tremendously in many parts of the world.

Now, this is insanity.

Depending, it ranges the estimation.

Nobody knows how many 'cause I don't own one, how many nuclear weapons there are.

So the only way they will pay off in the investment is if they're used.

And if they're used, that's it for everybody.

They're gonna blow.

You know, you can only die once.

But it is absolutely incredible, the bickering that's going on when this spaceship earth is in danger.

And we need young leaders to address these questions.

And it's amazing to me like that gal.

There's a young Scandinavian girl, she's probably 13 or 14 or 15 now, I can't remember her name, but she has made a cause.

You want to have something that you believe in as a cause.

Okay, so we got this bear floating on ice that's melting, a bicyclist somewhere, probably in China.

It's flooding, air pollution, water pollution.

These are big problems that I think you need to think about before you sit down and do your door swings, and how many faucets you have, and the lighting fixtures, and all that.

This slide gives you an idea of the parts of the earth.

I'm up in Philadelphia with my grandkids for the summer, and I'm watching the temperature here.

And I looked up on Google at what temperature is it impossible to sustain human life.

And the number 95 degrees came up.

Now, here because there's humidity, that might change.

But I want you to keep in mind that as you are doing things that the big house, the globe, which is maybe the only place where there's life on earth, in the universe, we don't know unless you've seen, I thought I saw a flying saucer, I don't know if I had too much to drink that night, but go by.

Now, I was born in Europe, and, in Vienna.

And because of World War II we went to China, and I heard a lot of languages of people coming through the house.

And I was very curious about the world.

So there's another piece to the past as to my interest.

I used to be with my next door neighbor.

We'd pour over maps.

And I ended up doing a hospital for India, my final study, which is gonna come along soon.

But I love that.

But if you come back for one second, I love the color of the flags, the diversity of cultures, languages, people all coming together in our era that we're on earth.

And I hope we can figure it out.

So we go back to 1960.

Isadore Rosenfeld, an architect, came to Columbia my third year.

And he had a table, and he was a guest lecturer, and he threw these blocks on the table, and he said, "The hospital is the most difficult architectural project to do".

I disagree with that.

I think the most difficult project is to do a home for a family and a couple, and you don't want to get caught between them.

I think it's harder than doing a hospital.

So, but that's my detour.

But so I wrote away to 20 countries, and I got one answer from Mr. Shastri in New Delhi.

He wrote me a letter with a program for a 600-bed hospital in Imphall, which is in an area where there's 400 inches of rainfall a year.

It's in a remote eastern part of India.

The people have darker skin, but they have features from China.

And you know, the borders kept moving, and it is now part of India.

And I got so excited.

I invited the Indian council in New York.

I didn't know what I was doing, but I had a good time.

So I designed something that had these nursing pods, and you could add to them.

At the very end you could add a third one for future expansion.

At that time, India was 430 million people.

It is what now?

1.3 billion?

It's the largest country in population.

The New York Times had a fantastic article.

Those big circles.

It's interactive, but I don't think we could do it here.

When you get this, I would look it up because it'll show you, which countries are growing.

In fact, Japan is not producing babies, the population is declining.

So it seems to me that the industrial countries are, people aren't marrying all the time.

They're not having babies.

Then, this is my class in 2004.

You can see it's international.

In fact, we only had two.

Carrie Stall extreme left.

And I can't remember the girl in the center next to the lady from Korea in the green coat.

So we had a good time.

We went to the (indistinct) lectures.

I always take the class to the lectures.

There was a tremendous career fair today.

That's another subject.

But keep your eye on things.

A hospital sometimes is not what's needed.

You needed somebody who can give the kid a shot under a tree and a glass of water after that.

I was sitting in my office writing an article, and one of my colleagues came and said, "What are you doing?"

I said, "Writing an article."

And he said, "What's the title of it?"

I said, "Push health, not hospitals".

He said, "Don't use that word "push", use the word "stress".

So I took his advice and I used "stress".

Now, what's Tarek Alam, who was from Bangladesh, I think, Come back please.

Come back.

He did this diagram, which sums up, I think the idea if you stress health to keep people out of the hospital, and they're doing more of it now.

I have a doctor who I do my blood pressure twice a day, and it's like a phone.

It goes to the doctor.

If I don't do it, I get a call.

I think that the most of two days, and I'll come back to another example related to telemedicine in a moment.

So this article was picked up in so many places.

I think it was published 30 different places.

Now, before that I was writing an article on infection and the design of the surgical suite.

It got turned down 24 times.

On the 25th time, Texas, I shouldn't, I'm not gonna say which journal, published it (chuckles), and it is not a first rate journal, but I don't, strike that.

After that I had no problems publishing articles.

I was so frustrated nobody wanted it.

But I was too stupid to give up.

See this thick Eastern European neck.

All right, next slide.

Okay, and Ray appears on this one, and this is our HIAC meeting in 2016.

A lot of firms and the smart students show up at these things.

And I don't know the exact background, or what your goals are, but I think some of you are architects.

In our Health Industry Advisory Council, which is undergoing a controversial change now, but don't worry about it, we have firms that have come in.

We don't have enough students or professors to service the needs of these firms.

Any one of these firms can hire the entire graduating class every year.

And in going to the meetings, you can see Southern Ellis, the tallest guy in the middle.

We'll see him again later.

He's the next president two years from now of the AIA Academy on Architecture for Health.

And these are various form of students.

Kirk Hamilton, and the upper left is Tushar Gupta with EYP, Rachel Griffith with HKS.

And you see Ron and Joe.

I don't know where Karthik is.

Now, Renee, who's to my left is with EYP.

And it's fun going to these meetings.

And usually I would've gone with stickers, and I start, first year I put a health sticker on them.

Oh, I don't want it.

So the second year I didn't bring it.

So what do you think, everybody came, "Where's your stickers?"

Life is the third grade if you haven't noticed.

The older you get, the more you notice it.

The third graders could do a better job in running the planet than we.

And you can go public with that statement.

(audience chuckling) These are some of the agencies and organizations that we relate to.

And I'm making an announcement, if you want to join us in New Orleans at HCD on November 5th, 6th, and 7th.

November 6th is a Monday.

Fifth is a Sunday.

You can get into a conference that would cost a practitioner probably $1,500 for $39.

And you'll be getting an announcement through Madison and Ray very soon about that.

And I highly recommend that you go and participate because we are in a remote area.

So as Ray mentioned...

I lost track.

All the dots aren't on there.

Things were happening so fast.

Not only with the present students but with the past students.

And then people were coming to us from all over, as you saw on the HIAC chart.

Next slide.

So rather than think in terms of buildings, you gotta think in terms of what are you gonna build and disease strategies.

What's a common disease among women?

Nobody?

Nobody wanna get venture?

Next slide.

We did a breast center.

And we involved the pink ladies or people who've gone through the surgery, and the students got involved with them.

I don't like a studio where it's just the prof and the students.

You want stuff coming in all the time from all over.

So they came to our review, and this young lady did one of the best projects.

She's from China.

And the ladies in pink.

And I can only, I didn't want to cut this one out.

This is very important.

Next slide.

And we made a poster announcing the project.

And you do a press release on the project.

And you send the invitation to all the people.

You want to make sure everybody gets credit because you want to build like an avalanche every semester with documentation and videos.

So disease strategies.

I'm not gonna burden you with numbers, they're different in Texas, as you'll see on the next slide.

Slightly different in the US.

And then on the next slide, I've had students do cancer hospitals.

And in the review I said, "Have you researched the causes of cancer in men and women?"

And they looked at me like I was some creature from another planet.

"We're architects".

How can you do a cancer hospital if you don't know?

And it varies from region to region.

One of the reasons for high breast cancer in the US is in the Dallas area the minorities can't get to the hospital.

And the hospital can't get to the minorities.

They need mobile units and other things.

And then we had Covid here, but these are the causes of death worldwide.

So before you start a project, you do some investigating, as to what the causes of illness and death are.

And they change.

They built TB hospitals in upstate New York in the fresh air.

And people would go up there, and then they found isoniazid, which is the drug, or injection, or pills, I'm not sure which.

And tuberculosis disappeared.

Well, it disappeared, but it's coming back.

They're virulent forms.

Mental health, behavioral health.

A lot of the problems among families, organizations, and agencies are behavioral.

Look what's going on in our country right now.

Everybody's ready to shoot each other because of their point of view.

This is a local cardiac facility.

I like the softness and the scale of it.

We can learn a lot from these countries that built small scale.

This is a facility for the elderly.

Where's (indistinct)?

He's doing his dissertation on the elderly.

It's done by a fourth year studio.

And this was done by a graduate student.

And we went, we took a class up to Boston.

And Perkins Eastman designed the Hebrew home for the aged.

And the kids went up there, and it had snowed, and we were playing in the snow.

They never saw snow before.

And Boston has cold winters.

If you come back one second, I'm sorry.

This is an arena in the center where you could have art exhibits, music, and tie the whole thing together because the various levels of care for the elderly, independent living, assisted living, skilled nursing home, Alzheimer's facility, memory care facility, hospice.

Then, after my car accident when I was hit by the guy who was delivering a pizza, "Oh, I'm so sorry, I was looking at the pizza".

(chuckles) No, he dropped his phone.

That's how it was, he dropped his phone, and he rammed me.

And I thought I was hit by a meteor.

I go out to the junkyard the next day, it was a side window.

So I'm hit this way, my head snapped to the window, and it was shattered.

I thought I was looking, the front window was intact.

You have no idea when you have an accident what's happening.

It happened so fast.

So I saw on TV a school bus.

I never went to school on a school bus.

I walked.

I took the subway, or I took a bus.

So I got on a school bus here because I saw on TV kids rolling around in a school bus that turned over.

They don't even have seat belts on a school bus.

One of the things I regret, I haven't published this because we're always coming into this avalanche kept growing.

So for example, a firm that didn't exist in health till Ron Skaggs took it over, they passed a thousand hospitals.

And each one your ability to respond, and I'm talking about an excuse.

And then here we have Mr. Cornelius, he walks into that class, we're doing the school buses, and his father was in one of my classes, and his mother was in another class, and they got married.

So, and then he sent this into the Dallas Morning News as a follow-up, and they published it.

It looks a little unfinished.

Then, we worked with landscape architecture.

I would say five, six years ago.

And three of those students, I'll go left to right, (stutters) Natalie is with, she's landscape, Elliot is landscape.

Celso was architecture.

Sohill is from Iran, he's working locally.

And Tian Wang, I used to call him Big Bear, and 'cause he's big, and I think it's Madeline.

- What's her name?

- I think so.

- The one on the right.

- Melanie.

Melanie.

- Oh.

Melanie.

- So we had a great time.

And they worked together, and they produced something.

They talk a lot about interdisciplinary.

If it's gonna happen, it's gonna happen on a professorial level.

All the vice presidents, they're talking about interdisciplinary.

And then they schedule courses at different times, so the students have to meet at night.

It's unbelievable.

This is some of the early concepts, or partis.

And this is in Frisco for a sports facility.

I think it was for, it was a sports medicine facility that started out.

This is going north.

And I like when they do it on aerial photographs because things are fixed that are there, roads, and houses, and stuff like that.

And so is less work to do.

Then, we got involved with "Improving health of the United States".

That was another theme for a lecture series.

So as I say, I've been so blessed hanging around students 'cause they got great minds, and they don't know it.

Then, we did a project for a large HMO that is on the west coast, and we had to keep secret who they were 'cause they were going into Virginia.

This is some time ago.

And you see this man standing with me to my right, that's Harold Adams.

I wish, like my blood pressure unit, I wish there was something that we had in telemedicine that you stand as you shave, you stand in front of it, or whatever you do, fix your hair, I don't have that problem.

And it does scans of you.

Now, he could have had a brain tumor for one month, or he could have had it for 10 years.

So there's a lot of programing that needs to be done.

Remember the slide of communications that I showed in the beginning?

That's just another idea.

Then, we wanted to focus on Texas, and I didn't do the artwork, but I got people who could do it and focus in on the really the three cultures here in Texas and the diversity.

The older I get, the more diverse people you're around, the more understanding you're gonna get into human behavior.

And these are some of the students who did, the guy squatting is from China, and he did a student health center project.

The others are third year.

And then we got into children's health.

And all of these have speakers that you wouldn't believe.

Go ahead.

And then I had a student, she was interested in women's health, and she got the AIA/AHA Fellowship, which is called the Tuttle Fellowship.

And if you're interested in health, you need to go after that.

So, but she did this because she was, I think if, did we see them women yet?

That's the next slide.

Yeah.

Okay.

I think Kristy Walvoord is the youngest one in five generations here.

And she, I lost a little track, I'm trying to find out where these students are.

I'm doing this by memory.

I should have kept careful records of each day.

Then, I worked on the design of the Brazos Valley Rehab Center with Barnes and Youngblood in Austin.

I may not have their names.

This is downtown.

It's a local rehab center.

And then we did a project for student health services.

Skaggs did a project for the student health center, and then we need a new student health center, but it gets shoved on the side.

These are two examples.

And they were done by master of architecture students.

And on the West Campus.

Then, coming back from Sri Lanka, I stopped at WHO in 1969, and we got a research contract from them.

And I think they're separating research.

The university puts too much stress on dollars.

I think stress should be on ideas that are creative that can lead to dollars, while another group goes after dollars.

And the best place for these ideas is coming out of the design studio.

So I submit that we should do research and design studios.

This is a result that we did for the WHO project.

There's not a hospital in here.

This is a favela in Latin America.

Don't ask me where.

Where the water trickles down.

There's no good plumbing, clean water.

Next slide.

- [Madison] I think we're starting to run low on time if you need- - Oh, okay.

So let's just go, - For questions.

- Just click away.

Then, we did one in Africa.

This is published in the Houston Chronicle.

I had some hair.

And I was slimmer.

And then one student came up with a river unit on the Orinoco River that you use the existing transportation.

These are, the problem with these, these would be manufactured in the US, but getting labor-intensive projects where people have jobs, this is good for manufacturer.

And these are boxes that could be set up.

We did this one for USAID.

Next slide.

Next slide.

Next slide.

Then, we did a flying eye hospital in the DC-10.

There's a story behind this, but I gotta tell it to you in another time.

Then, we did a series in Central America, Latin America.

Then, a train unit going on the Copper Canyon train, and then the Center for Medical Mission Training in Guatemala.

And that's Guatemala, south of Mexico.

And it had a function of evangelism training in medicine.

But they, it was low key.

They did not...

So we symbolically did it, but it was for a hospital.

Natural ventilation, labor-intensive, people chopping stones.

Next slide.

How do you get to the hospital?

You build a hospital, nobody can get to it.

Where is it located?

What's the transportation?

Students tell me the bus stops five blocks away.

Well, I said get on the phone.

Call the bus company to stop at the hospital.

These are the most important diagrams you can have.

If it's not a correct in this, all the rooms, architects have a tendency to get too much into the rooms.

Next slide.

Next slide.

Next slide.

Next slide.

That's Curtis Haynes in his write-up.

I don't know what happened to him.

Then, we did a, Larry Driggers did an orphanage.

He became a minister.

And this is for the Dominican Republic on a mission.

But I love this project because the chapel is in the center, and is surrounded by human scale units.

Then, we did a whole series on Africa.

Next slide.

This is for the Sudan.

This project's coming alive again now.

And then Southern Ellis, the tall guy in the middle, did a project.

He went to Tanzania.

Troy Grant worked on this.

Troy Grant looked like Abraham Lincoln.

I used to call him Abe Lincoln.

So at Halloween he came as Abe Lincoln.

That's Southern working with the people there.

Anything's possible.

Anything.

Next slide.

Next slide.

Next slide.

Next slide.

Then, we wrote this up in World Hospitals, our program in 68, and all of a sudden we're getting invitations all over.

And this is Premut Sanur.

We sent him to Bahrain.

And then this is Romanek.

I could give you a whole day on Romanek.

He was my mentor.

I wouldn't have gotten anywhere.

He opened doors, and he closed doors.

And this is the Hope Ship.

We did a project, I took this picture.

I had other pictures of four kids in a bed.

Next slide.

And this was the dean of the medical school.

He's dead.

Romanek's dead.

I think I'm still alive.

And Wagita and Shahi Rabb.

And of course this looks too much like a western hospital.

And then years later, a student did a nutrition incentive, and these human scale projects, a museum for landmine victims in Cambodia.

Read the story of Pol Pot, and what happened in Cambodia.

It'll blow your socks off.

And then we did a lecture series on China because we had a lot of students from China, more than we have now because of the political and SARS conditions, Covid.

This is one for Taipei.

That's a health education unit in the front where the public would go through and see exhibits.

Nurses live in the tower on the left, and the hospital itself is on on the right.

I believe that was in Taipei.

This is the Beijing Women's Children's Hospital.

But I don't have examples.

It was one, there you see, this article was in the Pattaya.

Next slide.

Then, we did a six-way collaboration between Texas A&M, Southeast University, IPPR in Beijing, Miles Associates in Oklahoma City, HKS in Dallas.

We were on TV with the students morning and night.

It's great learning experience if everybody's working on the same project.

But they didn't like that in the graduate program.

So I said, "Sayonara, guys.

I want to go in the undergraduates where we can do that."

- [Madison] I think we're getting the signal that it's time for questions.

- Okay, it's time for questions.

She's my boss.

- I'm sorry.

(Madison laughing) I'm so attached to the students, and what they've done that I feel like I wish I could just get a plug, so you don't have to sit here, and I could transfer it to you.

Like you, (chuckling) I've had a lot of fun.

Questions.

No questions?

Surely, there's a question somebody has.

(clears throat) Should I call on?

Yes.

- [Audience Member] What was your favorite project?

I can't hear you.

- [Madison] What was your favorite project?

- What's my favorite project?

It's like if you had children, who's your favorite child?

(audience laughing) There's a story behind each of 'em.

And I could tell you stories you wouldn't believe.

The project that I was doing, and the students that I was doing at the time, it was so favorite that I didn't do a good job in documenting things like the school bus.

There were 640,000 school buses in 2003.

None of 'em with seat belts.

But we've got, what do we say, 13,000 nuclear weapons.

And how many hundred million dollars each?

I hope they expend their budget.

When they hit me with a nuclear weapon, I hope the entire budget gets blown because they're killing me 60 times.

That's a little... My favorite project is the moment you, these two, all the students at the time.

It's a good question.

Yes.

- [Audience Member 2] How do you see the future of health facilities, the hospitals themselves as a physical building versus- - It has to start here at the school.

We need space where the PhD, the masters, the undergraduate students are, and the students walking around visibly see this space that has a lecture room, maybe a TV room because we can have lectures.

I didn't get to a project because one of the projects that I didn't show was the IAHRD, which stands for the Interdisciplinary Research and Design Healthcare Center.

One was located at the Texas Medical Center, one out here near the medical school.

So we build our building, we shape our buildings.

The students need more to deal with the future.

That's as complicated as it is.

We need to have more support from the university for this particular specialty.

They can't fire me 'cause I'm not on the staff.

(audience laughing) Any other questions?

I've had a good time talking to you.

It's exciting.

Ray, thank you for... And if you didn't get a couple of you got in here late, please I've got extra apples down here.

I think for you there's bags of apples, and take a second and third.

I don't wanna cart them home.

So good luck in your studies.

And don't let the bureaucracy of the place weigh you down.

You gotta get your idea as to what you want to do.

This is your life, not mine.

And no class has ever failed me.

I got them into projects that were complicated, but when they saw the background of why we're doing a project, they worked very much, days and nights.

You ought to see their Tanzania and Brazil project.

Thank you for helping, Madison and Alanna, and thanks for winning that competition.

Okay.

Good luck.

(audience applauding) Thank you.

I don't know- - George- - [George J. Mann] I don't know how many slides I ended up not showing.

(audience laughing) - Y'all, one more welcome and thank you for George.

It's great to have you here.

- Thank you.

- Thanks for being here with us.

Thanks for sharing those memories and great slides.

Appreciate all you've done for the program.

- Thank you.

- One more time, y'all.

- Thank you.

- And a hand for Ray.

(audience applauding)