>>> COMING UP NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON.

WE WILL HEAR FROM A PHOENIX FIRE CAPTAIN ON THE DANGERS OF HIKING AND SUMMER HEAT.

>>> A NEW STUDY FOUND THAT TEACHERS ARE UNCOMFORTABLE TEACHING CIVICS LESSONS.

>>> ASTRONOMERS DISCOVER A BABY PLANET OUTSIDE OUR SOLAR SYSTEM.

THOSE STORIES AND MORE NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON.

>> ARIZONA HORIZON MADE POSSIBLE BY CONTRIBUTIONS BY FRIENDS OF ARIZONA PBS.

MEMBERS OF YOUR PUBLIC TELEVISION STATION.

>>> GOOD EVENING, WELCOME TO ARIZONA HORIZON.

I'M TED SIMONS.

FOUR PEOPLE DIED IN HIKING AREAS AROUND THE VALLEY THIS SUMMER INCLUDING A 63-YEAR-OLD MAN WHOSE BODY WAS FOUND AT ECHO CANYON.

FIRE CREWS RESPONDED TO NUMEROUS RESCUES.

MOST NOTABLY A STRANDED FAMILY.

WE SPOKE TO CAPTAIN ROB McDAVE ABOUT THE DANGERS OF HIKING AND EXTREME HEAT.

A FAMILY OF 11 OUT THERE ON SOUTH MOUNTAIN AND CHILD AS YOUNG AS THREE, WHAT WAS THAT ABOUT?

>> YEAH, THAT WAS DISAPPOINTING.

WE HAVE A LONG HISTORY MAKING RESCUES ON THE MOUNTAIN.

IT'S NOT UNCOMMON IT'S A VERY POPULAR ATTRACTION.

THAT WAS AN EXTREME HEAT DAY.

THE CALL BUILT UP FOR US AND FAMILY OF ONE OF THE CHILDREN HAD PROBLEMS WITH THE HEAT AND HEAT RELATED ILLNESSES.

WE JUST NEEDED TECHNICAL RESCUER TO TAKE CARE OF IT.

AS WE MADE OUR WAY UP IT KEPT GROWING.

CAME OUT, FIVE CHILDREN WITH SIX ADULTS.

THAT BECAME A LARGE OPERATION FOR US.

>> WAS THAT TRAIL OPEN.

>> IT WAS A CLOSED TRAIL, RESTRICTED TRAIL ON EXTREME HEAT DAY.

IT WAS ON SOUTH MOUNTAIN.

>> WERE THERE WARNING SIGNS SAYING THIS TRAIL IS CLOSED?

>> YEAH, THERE WERE NUMEROUS WARNING SIGNS.

I WAS OUT THERE THAT DAY SANDWICH BOARD SIGNS WE'D HAVE TO WALK AROUND ON THE TRAIL.

>> THESE ARE EASY TO SEE.

I DIDN'T KNOW WHAT'S GOING ON OUT HERE.

>> NO YOU HAD TO WALK AROUND TO GET ON THAT SINGLETRACK TRAIL.

>> WHAT LEADS TO A CLOSURE.

IS THERE SOMETHING THAT NEEDS TO BE HIT.

>> THIS IS LONG FORMING AND COMMUNITY INPUT AND WE HAVE A PARKS DEPARTMENT AND INPUT OUTSIDE THE CITY GOVERNMENT.

THIS WORKS WITH THE CITY GOVERNMENT.

THIS HAS BEEN IN THE WORKS FOR YEARS.

WE FINALLY LANDED ON THE NATIONAL HEAT ADVISORY.

OF DEW POINT IS AT A CERTAIN RATE AND VERY HOSPITABLE FOR WORKERS AND MADE THE DECISION FOR THE MOUNTAIN.

HOW COMMON IS IT FOR A RESCUE OPERATION IN THE MIDDLE OF SUMMER AND MIDDLE OF THE HOT DAY.

IT'S A CLOSED TRAIL OR NOT A CLOSED TRAIL, HOW COMMON IS THIS.

>> WE GET THEM AT PEAK TIME.

THEY ARE YEAR-ROUND DURING FEBRUARY WHEN WE HAD THE WASTE MANAGEMENT.

WE HAVE THE SUPER BOWL OR NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIP.

IT'S A BIG INFLUX, THE CAR SHOW, IN THE SUMMER WE SEE TOO MANY OF THESE HAPPENING AGAIN.

SOME ARE MINIMAL AN WALK AROUND.

WE AIRLIFT THEM WITH THE HELICOPTER.

THE RESCUERS ARE ON THE TRAIL TO GET THEM DOWN.

>> THAT'S NO EASY TASK FOR THEM EITHER.

WAS ANYONE SITED FOR THIS.

AGAIN, PARKS BOARD WERE IN CHARGE.

THEY WERE IN CITATION AND PHOENIX PD WOULD LOOK AT ANY ENDANGERMENT.

LUCKILY FOR US THE PHOENIX FIRE DEPARTMENT WE GO ON AND HIT THE MOUNTAIN.

WE FOCUS ON SAFETY AND GETTING THEM DOWN.

WE LET OUR FOLKS FIGURE OUT WHO IS SIGHTED AND WIN.

>> HAVE PEOPLE BEEN SITED?

>> THEY HAVE.

THIS IS A NEW PROGRAM.

EVERYBODY IS TRYING TO FIGURE OUT WHEN AND WHERE WE APPLY THAT.

THE PHOENIX FIRE DEPARTMENT DOESN'T HAVE TO MAKE THOSE DECISIONS.

>> FOR THOSE WATCHING RIGHT NOW THINKING TOMORROW AT NOON WOULD BE A GREAT TIME TO HIT SOUTH MOUNTAIN, WHAT DO YOU TELL THEM?

>> USE THE THEIR WELL IF YOU WORK DOWNTOWN.

GO TO THE GYM.

WE'D LIKE TO ENCOURAGE RECREATION.

THEY WANTED A DAY OUT WITH YOUR FAMILY.

THEY DIDN'T WANT THEM AT HOME LOOKING AT SCREEN TIME.

LET'S BE SMART AN SAFE.

>> DID YOU GET AN EXPLANATION FOR WHAT THEY ARE THINKING OR LET'S GET THEM OUT OF THE HOUSE.

IT COULD HAVE BEEN VERY TRAGIC.

>> WAS IT NORTH MOUNTAIN CAMEL BACK.

>> ECHO CANYON AND THE THREE TRAILS.

THE ONE THAT GOES THROUGH THE TOP.

>> WHICH IS THE ONE THAT GETS THE MOST SUMMERTIME RESCUES HERE.

ECHO CANYON AT SUMMER BACK MOUNTAIN THAT'S OUR TOWER.

THAT'S THE MOUNTAIN WE WANT TO GO TO.

>> GOOD INFORMATION, WE APPRECIATE YOU HAVING HERE.

ARE THESE VISITORS OR LOCALS WHO SHOULD NO BETTER?

>> WE SEE HAVE A MIX OF 80% LOCAL AND 20% OUT OF TIME.

>> 80% LOCAL, CAPTAIN ROB RON, YOU SEE ME OUT THERE YOU KNOW I LOST MY MIND.

>> THANK YOU.

>>> A NEW REPORT FROM THE INSTITUTE OF AMERICAN DEMOCRACY FINDS THAT 80% OF CIVICS TEACHERS ARE SELF CENSORING THEIR CLASSROOM CONTENT.

THE REASON FEAR OF CONTROVERSY AND BACKLASH.

WILLIAM JULIAN IS THE VICE PRESIDENT OF PROGRAMS FOR AMERICAN DEMOCRACY.

GOOD TO SEE YOU.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

LET'S TALK ABOUT THE TITLE.

WHY ARE TEACHERS UNCOMFORTABLE TEACHING CIVICS.

>> THERE ARE THREE COMPONENTS WE COULD TALK ABOUT.

I'D LIKE TO EMPHASIS, CIVIC TEACHERS ARE UNCOMFORTABLE TEACHING CIVICS.

THIS IS SHOCKING.

THEY ARE UNCOMFORTABLE AND CAN'T WRAP YOUR MIND AROUND THAT.

THEY TELL US THEY LACK PREPARATION AND GUIDANCE ABOUT WHAT TO TEACH AND CAN TEACH.

THEY ALSO LACK SUPPORT.

SHOULD SOMETHING GO A MISS.

>> I'D LIKE TO TALK ABOUT THOSE HEADINGS THERE.

WHEN YOU TALK ABOUT TEACHING CIVICS SOME DON'T KNOW WHAT IT MEANS.

IT'S A CLASS DEALING WITH THE RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITY OF WHAT IT MEANS TO BE AN AMERICAN CITIZEN.

>> FEAR OF BACKLASH AND CONTROVERSY AND THESE SORTS OF THINGS.

IS THIS BECAUSE OF THE NATURE OF AMERICAN SOCIETY RIGHT NOW.

>> IT'S PART OF WHERE WE ARE.

TEACHERS ARE AWARE TODAY THERE ARE POTENTIALLY CONSEQUENCES.

NOT JUST PROFESSIONAL THAT CAN COME FROM A MISSTEP.

WE HEAR FROM TEACHERS IN MANY CASES THEY TIPTOE AROUND SUBJECTS THAT ARE CONTROVERSIAL.

WALKING BACK WHICH I'D SAY IS CORE TO ASELFICS CLASS.

THEY WILL TEACH THE KILL.

>> ALMOST TAKING REFUGE.

THIS IS JUST THE START OF THE RA BUSTSELFICS CLASS.

>> LEADING TO THE FINDING THAT TEACHERS FEEL UNSUPPORTED.

>> THEY SAY, THEY ARE AWARE, IF SOMETHING WERE TO GO AWRY AND MAKE THE NEWS.

YOU KNOW, THEY WILL BE HUNG OUT TO DRY.

THEY WILL TAKE THE BLAME AND SCHOOL OR DISTRICT LEADERS WON'T SUPPORT THEM.

>> ARE THERE EXAMPLES OR EVIDENCE OF THIS?

>> THERE ARE.

THIS IS A SURVEY WE CONDUCTED.

IT WAS A NATIONAL SURVEY FROM TEACHERS AROUND THE COUNTRY.

WE LISTENED TO WHAT THEY SAID.

CERTAINLY EXAMPLES CAN BE FOUND.

>> TEACHERS FEEL UNDERPREPARED.

>> IT'S INTERESTING.

YOU HAVE TO KEEP IN MIND THEY ARE MILLENIALS AND GEN X. THEY DIDN'T HAVESELFICS IN SELF -- HAVE CIVICS IN SCHOOL.

>> IN SUFFICIENTLY TRAINED ON WHAT TO SAY AND HOW TO SAY IT AS WELL.

THERE ARE TRAININGS OF THE FACTS AND FIGURES AND COMMUNICATING THOSE THINGS.

>> CONTENT AND SKILLS ARE LACKING.

>> THAT'S WHAT YOU SEE IN THIS REPORT.

THERE WERE A LACK OF TEACHERS SAYING THEY DON'T FIND MODELS THEY CAN LOOK IT IS A OR BEST PRACTICES.

IS THAT BECAUSE -- THEY WERE COMMON THROUGHOUT THE SURVEY.

ONE WAS TO GROUND CONVERSATIONS AND PRIMARY SOURCES.

ESPECIALLY DOCUMENT DOCUMENTS.

WE ARE NOT HAVING A CLASSROOM CONVERSATION ABOUT THE NEWS.

ALSO SHOWING STUDENTS THIS IS NOT KNEW.

THEY HAVE DEBATED THESE IDEAS SINCE THE BEGINNING OF THE COUNTRY.

THAT REFRAMING IS VALUABLE FOR STUDENTS APPEARED YOUNG PEOPLE TODAY.

>> LOOKING BACK, THIS HOW WE GOT HERE, WE ARE STILL WATCHING AN OLD FILM.

IT'S MORE MODERN.

>> YEAH.

>> I NOTICE IT MENTIONED CIVICS LACKS A COMMON PURPOSE.

>> IT'S BACK TO THE GUIDANCE PEACE.

WHICH VERSION OFSELFICLESS AM I SUPPOSED TO BE TEACHING.

WHEN THEY DON'T HAVE THOSE SPECIFICS WHAT DO THEY DO?

THEY WALK IT BACK.

FOR OBVIOUS REASONS.

IT SHOULDN'T TAKE COURAGE.

>> DO THEY WALK IT BACK OR GO INTO THEIR LANES AND START A BIT OF THE PERSONAL COMES OUT WHERE IT SHOULDN'T.

>> THIS IS ANOTHER THING THAT COULD HAPPEN.

YOU GET THESE SORT OF ACCUSATIONS THAT THIS TEACHER IS TEACHING WHAT HE OR SHE BELIEVES RATHER THAN WHATSELFICS SHOULD BE.

THEY ARE DOING THE BEST.

WHEN YOU ARE RIGHT IT OPENS THE DOOR.

>> WITH EVERYTHING WE ARE TALKING ABOUT HERE.

THE BENEFITS OF ASELFIC EDUCATION AND BENEFITS OF LEARNING ABOUT CIVICS IS IT DWINDLING?

>> WE NEED IT MORE NOW THAN EVER.

TEACHING PEOPLE TO BE COMFORTABLE WITH DISAGREEMENT AND HOW TO DISAGREE PRODUCTIVELY.

IT'S UNFORTUNATELY THAT'S NOT HAPPENING.

>> THAT'S WHATSELFICS IS ALL ABOUT.

HEARING DIFFERENT THINGS AND WHAT THEY THOUGHT ABOUT DIFFERENT THINGS AND HOW WE MOVE FORWARD.

IF YOU ARGUE ABOUTSELF ABOUT CIVICS.

ONE THING, IT CAN BE DONE AND HAS BEEN DONE.

THE MOST POPULAR COURSE IN THE COUNTRY IN GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS COURSE.

IT'S TAUGHT IN BLUE DISTRICTS.

THE RED AND BLUE.

PEOPLE GOT IN A ROOM AND HASHED IT OUT.

IF YOU GET IN YOUR CORNERS WHAT HAPPENS.

NOBODY WINS.

IT'S LESS.

>> THAT WORKS, IT HAS WORK.

>> WHAT CAN ASELFICS TEACHER.

WHAT CAN THEY TAKE FOR THAT.

>> THEY CAN TAKE FROM THAT.

THERE IS A WAY FORWARD HERE.

THERE ARE POSSIBILITIES IN THE CLASSROOM WE WERE TALKING ABOUT GROUND RULE TEACHINGS IN 2 DOCUMENTS.

ALSO TO SAY, LOOK AT THE EXAMPLES WHERE WE ARE DOING THIS RIGHT.

LET'S MOVE IN THAT DIRECTION.

>> ARE WE TRYING TO MOVE IN THAT DIRECTION OR STILL STUCK IN SAND.

>> IT DEPENDS ON THE HYPER LOCAL ISSUE.

I HOPE WE ARE STARTING TO -- WE SPOKE ABOUT THIS OFF AIR.

THERE IS A BUMP TO THIS.

I HOPE WE SEE THE BOUNCE.

>> WE WILL ASK YOU BACK ON THE SHOW.

GOOD TO HAVE YOU HERE LIAM.

>>> ASTRONOMERS OUTSIDE THE SOLAR SYSTEM.

FINALLY FOUND ONE.

WE WILL LEARN MORE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA.

GOOD TO HAVE YOU.

WELCOME TO ARIZONA HORROR HORIZON.

THIS IS THE FIRST TIME A GROWING PLANET WAS FOUND OUTSIDE OUR SOLAR SYSTEM IN THIS FASHION OR FOUND PERIOD?

>> ALL RIGHT, SO, TO BE CLEAR, WE HAVE FOUND, I DON'T KNOW, ABOUT 6,000 PLANETS OUTSIDE THE SOLAR SYSTEM.

WHAT'S SPECIAL IS WE ALMOST KNOW NOTHING ABOUT HOW PLANETS FORM.

WE KNOW THERE ARE BABY PLANETS OUT THERE AND ARE GROWING.

AFTER ALL THEY ARE LIKE JUPITER.

WE HAVEN'T SEEN IT PROCESS OF HOW A JUPITER LIKE PLANET IS FORMED.

IT'S ABOUT THIS DISCOVERY AND DISCOVER A PLANET.

ACTUALLY IT'S GROWING.

THEY WERE FALLING ON THE PLANET AND IT'S GASES LIKE HYDROGEN AND HELIUM.

IT FALLS THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE.

THE HEAT IS BEING GENERATED BY THE PROCESS LITERALLY WATERFALLS FROM OUT OF SPACE FALLING ON THE SURFACE OF THE BABY PLANET.

YOU CAN SEE THIS AT HOME.

>> WHAT ARE WE LOOKING AT HERE IN.

>> THIS IS AN AMAZING SYSTEM.

I HAVE LOOKED AT IT FOR 15 YEARS.

IT'S VERY EXCITING.

>> YOU SEE A STAR IN THE CENTER.

YOU SEE A RING AROUND IT AND LOOKS LIKE SATURNS RING.

YOU CAN SEE THE WHITE RING AROUND THE STAR.

RIGHT AWAY THAT'S AN INTERESTING YOUNG STAR.

A BIG RING OF DUST AND GAS.

YOU SEE THE PUMP PURPLE DOT AND THAT'S THE PLANET.

IT'S A VERY SPECIAL PLANET.

IT'S A PURPLE COLOR AND IT'S GLOWING FROM THE HEAT OF MATERIAL FALLING ON IT'S SURFACE.

IT'S A VERY UNUSUAL THING TO SEE.

MORE UNUSUAL.

IT'S BETTER AND BETTER.

A BUNCH OF RINGS AND SITTING IN A DARK GAP.

IT'S A FAINTER RING FOUND TO THE BOTTOM.

.

IT'S THE PLANET AND IT'S KEEPING IT CLEARED OF DUST AND GAS.

THE STORY ABOUT THIS AND IT'S COMPARED TO CLEARING SNOW OUT.

>> IT'S PRETTY EFFECTIVE.

IT'S SCATTERING OUT THE DUST AND GETTING RID OF ANY OTHER PLAN IT.

WE THOUGHT THIS IS HOW IT WORKED BUT NOT ABLE TO FIND ONE IN THE DARK RINGS.

I SUSPECT WE WILL FIND MORE.

IT'S TRICKY STUFF.

YOU NEED A REALLY FANCY CAMERA.

>> S WITH A PICTURE LIKE THIS.

>> I THINK WE HAVE ANOTHER GRAPHIC.

>> OKAY, THIS IS AN ARTIST ILLUSTRATION.

THE OTHER WAS THE REAL DEAL.

WHAT MIGHT BE GOING ON ON THE PLANET.

WHAT YOU SEE IS THE GAS AND DUST.

IT'S FALLING ON THE PLANET ITSELF.

IT'S HYDROGEN AND HELIUM.

IT'S REALLY HOT.

ITSELF'S WHITE HOT OMITTING A LOT OF COLORS OF LIGHT.

ONE IS A SPECIAL COLOR WHERE WE COULD FIND IT.

WE SEE THE BRIGHT LIGHT COMING FROM THE PLANET.

A SPECIAL WAVE LENGTH WE KNOW IT'S FROM MATERIAL FALLING ON THE PLANET.

>> IT'S WITHIN THE RING.

IT'S CENTERED THERE.

I SEE IT ON THE OUTER EDGE.

>> THERE IS A LOT GOING ON HERE.

IT'S SO YOUNG IT HAS IT'S OWN RING.

ALL OF THAT, THE WHOLE IMAGE WE ARE SEEING WOULD BE INSIDE ONE PIXEL.

>> WOW.

>> AN ARTIST ILLUSTRATION IF YOU LOOKED AT IT.

ITSELF'S MUCH BIGGER THAN YOU HAVE.

THIS IS THE CONCEPT OF WHAT'S PROBABLY GOING ON.

WE HAVE REAL EVIDENCE THIS PLANET REALLY IS CREATING THIS MATERIAL LAUNCH.

IT'S GROWING.

>> THAT'S WHY I'M SO INTERESTED IN THESE THINGS.

THIS SOLAR SYSTEM IS 5,000 TIMES YOUNGER.

IT MIGHT LOOK A LOT WHAT OUR SOLAR SYSTEM LOOKS LIKE.

FIVE MILLION YEARS OLD.

4.55BILLION YEARS OLD.

IF YOU GO BACK 1,000 TIMES.

OUR SOLAR SYSTEM MIGHT LOOK LIKE THIS.

>> WE ARE KIND OF RUNNING OUT OF TIME.

WE CAN'T GET DEEP INTO HOW IT WAS FOUND.

THE QUESTION IS HOW IT WAS FOUND.

DOES THAT MENU CAN FIND OTHERS.

>> YES, IT'S VERY EXCITING AND ALL WORKING.

IT'S A CAMERA AND COMPLETELY DEVELOPED HERE IN ARIZONA.

AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA.

IT'S AN AMAZING CAMERA AND SIZE OF THE SMALL CAR AND IT'S VERY FANCY AND I'D JUST THINK IT'S A LITTLE SILLY.

THE ABILITY TO SEE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO DIMES.

THIS IS FROM TUCSON.

>> 120 MILES AWAY COULD DETERMINE IF I'M HOLDING UP TWO DIMES OR ONE DIME.

THAT'S THE POWER OF THE CAMERA.

IT'S THE SHARPEST CAMERA WE HAVE.

>> LARRY CLOSE, THAT'S FREAKING ME OUT.

GREAT INFORMATION AND EXCITING.

THIS IS GOOD STUFF.

WE REALLY APPRECIATE IT.

>> YEAH, THANK YOU.

THAT'S IT FOR NOW.

I'M TED SIGH SIMONS.

YOU HAVE A GREAT EVENING.