WE ARE UNEARTHING THE MYSTERY OF DANIEL BOONE'S BONES.

WHERE DO YOU THINK THEY'RE BURIED?

THIS MUSEUM IS A MONUMENT TO A SKILLED SURGEON AND HIS MOST FAMOUS AND COURAGEOUS PATIENT AND THE STORY OF A CIVIL WAR GENERAL WHO REMAINS CONTROVERSIAL OVER ONE 150 YEARS AFTER HIS DEATH.

THESE STORIES ARE COMING YOUR WAY RIGHT NOW ON KENTUCKY KENTUCKY LIFE.

HELLO, I'M DOUG FLYNN AND WELCOME TO THIS SPECIAL EPISODE OF KENTUCKY LIFE.

HISTORICAL FIGURES ABOUT FAMOUS PEOPLE IN KENTUCKY HISTORY.

MENTION KENTUCKY TO SOMEONE FROM ANOTHER STATE OR COUNTRY AND THE KENTUCKY DERBY, MAMMOTH CAVE AND BOURBON ALL MIGHT COME TO MIND.

BUT IT'S A GUARANTEE THAT JUST SAYING KENTUCKY MAKES MANY PEOPLE THINK OF FRONTIERSMAN DANIEL BOONE.

BOON WASN'T BORN IN KENTUCKY BUT TO THE WORLD, AND US, HE IS A KENTUCKY ICON.

AND WHEN HE DIED IN MISSOURI, WE THOUGHT WE BROUGHT HIM BACK HERE.

HIS GRAVE SITE IS THE NUMBER ONE TOURIST ATTRACTION IN FRANKFORT, BUT WHO IS REALLY BURIED THERE?

BOONE ORIGINALLY FROM PENNSYLVANIA, SPENT MOST OF HIS LIFE EXPLORING THE NEW WEST AND BLAZING TRAILS, INCLUDING THE CUMBERLAND GAP.

>> DANIEL BOONE THROUGHOUT MOST OF HIS LIFE, WAS A LONER THAT HE WAS MORE INTERESTED IN EXPLORING AND LIVING IN THE WILD SO TO SPEAK I THINK THAT'S WHERE HE REALLY FELT MOST COMFORTABLE.

HE SPENT MOST OF HIS TRAVELS IN KENTUCKY BEFORE IT WAS A STATE: >> HE TRIED RUNNING STORES.

HE TRIED RUNNING A TAVERN.

BUT SURVEYING IS WHAT HE ENJOYED BEST BECAUSE HE WAS OUT IN THE WILDS ON HIS OWN AND TAKING CARE OF BUSINESS AND HE ALSO GOT PAID WITH SOME OF THAT LAND.

SO HE WOUND UP HAVING THOUSANDS OF ACRES AND WHAT WOULD BECOME THE STATE OF KENTUCKY.

SO IN 1792, WHEN WE DID BECOME A STATE, AND THE OTHER OPPORTUNITIES THAT BEGAN TO BE FORMED, THE PEOPLE THAT LIVED IN THOSE COUNTIES HAD TO GO TO THE COUNTY OFFICE AND TALK TO THE TAX ASSESSOR AND FILE THEIR DEEDS TO PROVE THEIR LANDS AND HE JUST COULDN'T DO THAT I MEAN HE HAD THOUSANDS OF LANDS IN DIFFERENT COUNTIES AND HE COULDN'T PAY FOR THAT.

>> IN 1799, HE BECAME FRUSTRATED AND DECIDED TO LEAVE KENTUCKY.

>> HE WAS BITTER.

I DON'T THINK HE WOULD EVER WANT TO COME BACK TO KENTUCKY.

HE HAD SAID THAT HIMSELF SO HE TRAVELS TO HIS SON NATHAN BOONE'S RESIDENCE AND WHAT WAS MISSOURI AT THAT TIME.

AND STILL IS TODAY.

AND THAT'S WHERE HE KIND OF BEGAN A NEW LIFE FOR HIMSELF IN MISSOURI OORKS BOONE'S WIFE REBECCA DIED BEFORE HIM.

ACCORDING TO MARK HAUSMAN, DIRECTOR OF THE WASHINGTON HISTORICAL SOCIETY MUSEUM THERE, DANIEL CHOSE A SITE FOR HER BURIAL.

>> WHEN REBECCA PASSED, DANIEL SELECTED THIS SITE PERSONALLY IN WHICH TO BURRY HER REMAINS BECAUSE OF THE WAY IT IS SITUATED, YOU KNOW, ON A KNOLL ABOVE THE RIVER BOTTOMS.

>> BOONE DIED SEVERAL YEARS LATER IN 1820 AT THE AGE OF 85 BOONE AS FAR AS WE KNOW WAS PLACED BESIDE REBECCA ALTHOUGH THERE IS THE CONTROVERSY THAT THERE MAY HAVE ALREADY BEEN A GRAVE NEXT TO HERS AT THE TIME AND THERE EVER HE WAS PLACED ELSEWHERE SUCH AS AT HER FEET.

BUT THERE IS NO HARD EVIDENCE OF THAT.

THAT'S MORE ORAL HISTORY THAT CAN'T BE SUBSTANTIATED BY ANYTHING ON PAPER.

>> HOUSEMAN SAID CEMETERIES AT THAT TIME WERE PRIMITIVE.

GRAVES WERE MARKED CRUDELY WITH A ROCK OR A WOOD EP PLANK WOODEN PLANK.

THE BOONES WERE GIVEN A CRUDE MISSPELLED GRAVE STONE AND THERE THEY REMAINED ON THAT QUIET MISSOURI HILLSIDE.

25 YEARS AFTER BOONE'S DEATH BACK IN KENTUCKY, A MOVEMENT WAS MADE TO OPEN AND INCORPORATE AN CEMETERY IN FRANKFORT.

>> MASON BROWN HAD GONE TO MASSACHUSETTS AND SAW THE MOUNT AUBURN CEMETERY THERE IN BOSTON.

AND HE THOUGHT IT WAS BEAUTIFUL.

IT WAS THE FIRST INCORPORATED CEMETERY IN THE UNITED STATES.

SO HE WANTED TO DO THE SAME THING HERE IN FRANKFORT.

AND SO THE FAMILY SAID WELL, IF WE COULD COME UP WITH SOMEBODY FAMOUS, IT MIGHT HELP BRING ATTENTION TO OUR CEMETERY.

>> THE PLAN WAS HATCHED TO EXHUME DANIEL AND REBECCA'S BODIES AND BRING THEM BACK TO KENTUCKY.

>> APPARENTLY THEY WERE IN QUITE A HURRY TO DO THIS.

I WONDER IF IT IS NOT BECAUSE THE STATE OF MISSOURI SAID WHY ARE YOU DOING THIS?

WE SHOULD HAVE DANIEL BOONE HERE IN OUR STATE.

>> BUT THE DECISION WAS MADE AND THE GRAVES WERE REOPENED.

>> SOME LARGE FRAGMENTS OF BONE WERE FOUND TO BE IN TACT.

SO THE BODY WERE BODIES WERE FOUND TO BE DISINTEGRATED SO ONLY LARGE FRAGMENTS OF BONE WERE EXTRACTED FROM THE TWO GRAVES.

>> BUT BECAUSE THE GRAVES WERE NOT WELL MARKED, WERE THOSE ACTUALLY BOONE'S BONES THAT MADE THEIR WAY BACK TO KENTUCKY?

>> IT'S ONE OF THOSE GREAT KENTUCKY-MISSOURI MYSTERIES AND PEOPLE ARE FASCINATED BY IT.

>> SARAH ELLIOTT, A CURATOR AT THE KENTUCKY HISTORICAL SOCIETY SAYS THE CONTROVERSY BEGAN WITH A CAST MADE OF PLASTER OF PARIS OF DANIEL BOONE'S SKULL BEFORE HE AND REBECCA'S BONES WERE REBURIED IN FRANKFORT.

>> IN 1980s WAS WHEN THE STATE MEDICAL EXAMINER MADE THE STATEMENT THAT HE THOUGHT IT MIGHT HAVE BEEN AN AFRICAN-AMERICAN SKULL AS OPPOSED TO BEING DANIEL BOONE'S.

WHEN HE MADE THAT STATEMENT, THAT KIND OF SPARKED AN INTEREST IN WHETHER OR NOT THEY HAD ACTUALLY EXHUMED DANIEL BOONE OR WAS IT A SLAVE THAT HAD BEEN BURIED NEAR THEM.

>> THE CONTROVERSY PERSISTED FOR NEARLY A DECADE.

>> IN 1995, EMILY CRAIG, THE STATE MEDICAL EXAMINER WHO IS A FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGIST LOOKED AT THE CAST AND SHE SAID THAT SHE COULD TELL IT WAS A MALE BUT THAT WAS AS SFAR AS IT COULD GO BECAUSE THE CAST HAD BEEN FILED DOWN TO MAKE IT SMOOTH SO THE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES WERE NO LONGER THERE AND SHE SAID SHE COULD NOT SAY WHETHER OR NOT IT WAS AFRICAN-AMERICAN OR NOT.

SHE WENT AS FAR AS SAYING IT IS A MALE AND THAT'S AS FAR AS SHE WOULD GO IN AN ATTEMPT TO ANSWER THE MYSTERY, A GROUND PENETRATING SURVEY OF THE SITE WAS CONDUCTED LAST SUMMER.

WHILE ANSWERING SOME QUESTIONS, NEW ONES WERE CREATED.

>> >> LAST SUMMER THE FRIENDS OF DANIEL BOONES WERE ABLE TO USE GROUND PENETRATING RADAR THROUGH THE SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NOT TO ADD ANY FUEL TO THE ONGOING CONTROVERSY BUT THERE IS THIS ONE GRAVE SITE NEXT TO THE MONUMENT ON THE SOUTH SIDE THAT WE DON'T KNOW WHO IT IS SEEMINGLY THERE IS A GRAVE SITE THERE AND IT WOULD BE RIGHT NEXT TO THE SUPPOSED GRAVE OF DANIEL HIMSELF SO THAT BEING STRATEGICALLY PLACED WHERE IT IS SEEMS TO INDICATE THE POSSIBILITY THAT THERE COULD HAVE BEEN A BODY BURIED RIGHT NEXT TO REBECCA WHEN THEY WENT TO BURRY DANIEL AND THAT THEY MOVED HIM OVER ONE MORE GRAVE SPACE WHICH I THINK IS UNLIKELY I THINK THE FACT THAT THEY WERE MARKED WITH MARKERS, HOWEVER CRUDE WOULD SEEM TO TAKE AWAY FROM THE POSSIBILITY THAT THEY DUG INTO THE WRONG GRAVES.

>> WHILE HISTORIANS MAY AGREE TO DISAGREE ABOUT THE WHEREABOUTS OF DANIEL BOONE'S BONES, THEY CAN FIND COMMON GROUND IN KNOWING THAT THE BOTH KENTUCKY AND MOSCOW MSES WANT TO HONOR THE MAN WHOSE PIONEERING SPIRIT HELPED FORGE OUR NATION.

>> WE DO KNOW THAT DANIEL BOONE IS DEAD.

HE DIED IN 1820.

HE IS BURIED SOMEWHERE.

AND WHAT A BEAUTIFUL PLACE TO BE, RIGHT HERE IN FRANKFORT, KENTUCKY, OVERLOOKING THE KENTUCKY RIVER.

>> I FULLY APPRECIATE A GOOD MYSTERY AND A GOOD CONTROVERSY AND THIS IS CERTAINLY ONE OF AMERICAN HISTORY'S BIGGEST CONTROVERSIES.

WHERE IS DANIEL BOONE.

IS HE HERE?

IS HE THERE?

AND I THINK THE SHORT ANSWER, THE SIMPLE ANSWER TO BOTH THOSE QUESTIONS IS YES HE IS HERE AND HE IS THERE AND I DON'T THINK THERE IS ANY OTHER WAY YOU CAN SLICE IT WHEN YOU GET RIGHT DOWN TO TO THE BARE BONES, NO PUN INTENDED, OF THE WHOLE THING.

AS OUR LOCAL HISTORIAN RALPH GREGORY HAS SAID MANY TIMES, THEY MAY HAVE GOTTEN THE LARGE BONES BACK TO KENTUCKY, BUT THE BRAINS AND THE HEART AND EVERYTHING ELSE THAT WAS DANIEL AND REBECCA BOONE, REMAIN HERE IN MISSOURI.

>> DANVILLE'S DOCTORY FRAME McDOWELL WAS A SURGEON WHO STUDY IN SCOTD LAND AND EUROPE.

THEY HONOR THE SURGICAL SKILLS AND THE COURAGE OF HIS MOST FAMOUS PATIENT, MISS JANE TODD CRAWFORD.

SHE RODE ON HORSE BACK FROM MANY MILES AWAY TO RECEIVE HIS MEDICAL CARE AND TOGETHER THEY MADE MEDICAL HISTORY ON A COLD CHRISTMAS MORNING IN 1809.

McDOWELL HOUSE MUSEUM IS KNOWN OF COURSE FOR THE FAMILY US-- FAMOUS OPERATION BY EPHRAIM McDOWELL IN 1809 AND WE HAVE TWO FLOORS.

WE HAVE A PHARMACY.

WE HAVE TWO GARDENS AND THE HOUSE WAS BUILT IN TWO STAGES.

THE BACK PART, 1790s AND FRONT PART 1803, TO 1804.

>> HERE AT McDOWELL HOUSE WE HAVE THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF GARDENS.

WE HAVE APOTHECARY GARDEN ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE HOUSE.

WE ALSO HAVE A FORMAL GARDEN ON THE LEFT SIDE OF THE HOUSE IF YOU ARE LOOKING DIRECTLY AT THE HOUSE.

AND TOWARD THE SIDE OF THE GARDEN THERE IS A SMALL KITCHEN HERB GARDEN.

THE HERB GARDENS WERE USED BY PHYSICIANS, THEY WERE ALSO USED IN ALL OF THE HOMES AT THAT TIME BECAUSE THEY WERE NECESSARY.

THEY DIDN'T HAVE ANY FLACE TO GET HERBS OTHER THAN BREAUXING THEM UN-- GROWING THEM.

THE MEDICINE GARDEN WAS CRITICAL BECAUSE THERE REALLY WEREN'T ANY PHARMACIES AT THAT TIME.

SO THE DOCTORS PRETTY MUCH HAD TO GO TO THEIR OWN RESOURCES IN ORDER TO GROW THE HERBS THAT THEY NEEDED.

HERE AT McDOWELL HOUSE, WE HAVE A FORMAL GARDEN WHICH WAS FAIRLY UNUSUAL IN THAT DAY AND AGE, ESPECIALLY IN KENTUCKY.

IF YOU LIVED ON THE EAST COAST OR YOU LIVED IN THE BETTER PART OF VIRGINIA SUCH AS JAMESTOWN, THERE WOULD BE NORMAL GARDENSES BUT IN KENTUCKY THERE WERE NOT THAT MANY FORMAL GARDENS SO THEY WERE KIND OF AHEAD OF THEIR TIME WHEN THEY PUT IN THE FORMAL GARDEN.

BY PUTTING THE FORMAL GARDEN IN, THEY PUT IN THAT THEY WANTED TO HAVE A SOCIAL LIFE HERE WITHIN DANVILLE.

THEY DIDN'T WANT TO JUST BE A BUSINESS.

THEY WANTED TO HAVE A SOCIAL LIFE.

>> Dr. McDOWELL'S MOST FAMOUS PATIENT WAS JANE TODD CRAWFORD.

AND SHE LIVED OVER BY WHAT WOULD BE TODAY GREEN GREEN COUNTY.

JANE BELIEVED SHE WAS PREGNANT.

SHE WAS VERY, VERY LARGE IN HER STOMACH AND I'VE HEARD PIONEER WOMEN HAD A BABY EVERY TWO YEARS SO NOTHING UNUSUAL THERE.

EVERYONE THOUGHT ALSO THAT SHE WAS GOING TO HAVE TWINS BECAUSE SHE WAS VERY LARGE.

SHE ENDED UP HAVING A LOT OF PAIN AND BELIEVED THAT IT WAS TIME FOR THE TWINS TO BE BORN.

WOULD HAVE TAKEN TO HER BED AND A LOCAL DOCTOR WAS CALLED IN.

SO A MESSENGER IS SENT OUT TO EPHRAIM McDOWELL AND HE COMES ON HORSE BACK TO HER HOME.

>> AND HE WAS ABLE TO DO A QUICK EXAM AND ASCERTAINED VERY QUICK WILL I THAT SHE WAS NOT PREGNANT; THAT SHE HAD A VERY LARGE MOVEABLE ABDOMINAL TUMOR THAT WAS NOT HER UTERUS AND SHE SAID THAT-- HE SAID IT WAS POTENTIALLY DOABLE AND THAT THE HE WOULD BE WILLING TO UNDERTAKE THAT IF SHE WOULD COME TO HIS HOME AND PLAN TO STAY THERE FOR THE OPERATION AND FOR THE RECOVERY.

>> AND THE PATIENT, MISS JANE TODD CRAWFORD HAD THE COURAGE TO RIDE 60 MILES FROM GREEN COUNTY KENTUCKY ON HORSE BACK IN A COLD WINTER AND PUT HER TRUST IN EPHRAIM McDOWELL.

>> HE MADE THE BIG STEP WHEN HE SAID IF YOU COME, I'LL DO IT.

AND I STILL WOULD LIKE TO HAVE SEEN THE LOOK ON HIS FACE WEEKS LATER WHEN HE ANSWERED THE KNOCK ON HIS DOOR AND THERE SHE WAS.

THE BLOOD MUST HAVE DRAINED FROM HIS FACE AND HE MUST HAVE SAID, OH LORD, WHAT HAVE I GOTTEN MYSELF INTO.

I'VE GOT TO DO IT NOW.

>> ONLY HAD 25 MINUTES TO DO THAT OPERATION BECAUSE THERE WAS NO AN AT THE TIMED ANESTHETICS AT THE TIME.

SHE COULD HAVE EASILY BLED TO DEATH AND IF HE HASN'T WORKED QUICKLY TO REMOVE THAT TUMOR, AND HE HAD TO DO IT IN TWO PARTS, SHE COULD HAVE EASILY DIED.

IT WAS A HIGH STAKES OPERATION.

>> SOME WOULD HAVE THOUGHT YOU ARE DOING A GOOD THING, YOU ARE DOING A BRAVE THING AND YOUR PATIENT IS BEING A BRAVE PATIENT.

OTHERS WOULD HAVE THOUGHT, OH MY GOSH, YOU ARE JUST TRYING TO MAKE A NAME FOR YOURSELF, WHICH HE OBVIOUSLY WAS NOT.

HE NEVER EVEN MENTIONED IT.

HE DID IT SEVERAL TIMES, THE SAME OPERATION LATER.

IT WAS YEARS BEFORE HE EVER WROTE IT UP OR REALLY TOLD THE MEDICAL SOCIETY WHAT HE HAD DONE.

>> I COMEPSED THE-- COMMENCED THE OPERATION WHICH WAS CONCLUDED AS FOLLOWS.

>> HAVING PLACED HER ON A TABLE OF THE ORDINARY HEIGHT, ON HER BACK AND REMOVED ALL OF HER DRESSING, WHICH MAY, IN ANY WAY IMPEDE THE OPERATION.

>> I MADE AN INCISION ABOUT THREE INCHES FROM THE MUSCULAR ABDOMINOUS ON THE LEFT SIDE, CONTINUING THE SAME NINE INCHES IN LENDS.

>> PARALLEL WITH THE FIBERS OF THE ABOVED NAME MUSCLE EXTENDING INTO THE CAVITY OF THE ABDOMEN.

>> THE GOOD DEAL CONTEWESSED AND WE ASCRIBED TO THE ARRESTING OF THE TUMOR ON THE CORN HORN OF THE SADDLE DURING THE JOURNEY.

>> THE TUMOR WAS IN VIEW BUT WAS SO LARGE, WE COULD NOT TAKE IT AWAY ENTIRELY.

>> WE TOOK OUT 15 POUNDS OF A DIRTY LOOKING SUBSTANCE AFTER WHICH WE CUT THROUGH THE FA FALLOPIAN TUBE AND EXTRACTED THE SACK WHICH WEIGHED FOUNDS POUNDS AND ONE HALF.

>> THEN WE TURNED HER UP ON HER LEFT SIDE SO AS TO PERMIT THE BLOOD TO ESCAPE.

AFTER WHICH WE CLOSED THE EXTERNAL OPENING WITH THE INTERRUPTED SUTURE.

>> THEN APPLIED THE USUAL DRESSINGS AND PUT HER TO BED.

IN FIVE DAYS I VISITED HER AND MUCH TO MY ASTONISHMENT FOUND HER ENGAGED IN MAKING UP HER BED.

>> I GAVE HER A PARTICULAR CAUTION FOR THE FUTURE AND IN 25 DAYS SHE RETURNED HOME AS SHE CAME, IN GOOD HEALTH, WHICH SHE CONTINUES TO ENJOY.

HE COULD NOT HAVE PERFORMED THIS OPERATION WITHOUT HAVING HIS TRAINING IN EDINBURGH.

McDOWELL WAS WELL PREPARED TO PERFORM SUCH AN OPERATION ON JANE TODD CRAWFORD AS HE DID.

DANVILLE WAS LUCKY, JANE TODD CRAWFORD WAS LUCKY TO HAVE HIM HERE WHERE HE WAS AT THAT TIME.

SOMEONE ONCE SAID THAT HISTORY IS VERY UNPREDICTABLE.

WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT THE CURIOUS STATEMENT, YOU COULDN'T FIND A BETTER EXAMPLE THAN CIVIL WAR GENERAL JOHN HUNT MORGAN.

>> HE WAS CONSIDERED A HERO AND OTHERS THOUGHT OF HIM AS RECKLESS AND CRUEL.

BORN IN BAM ALABAMA IN 1825, MORGAN SPENT MUCH OF HIS SERVICE IN KENTUCKY BURIED IN THE LEXINGTON CEMETERY AND HAS COME TO REPRESENT MANY OF THE CONFLICTING IDEALS FROM OUR COUNTRY'S GREATEST CONFLICT.

HE COMES HERE AND GETS IN THE HEMP BUSINESS AND MAKES A LOT OF MONEY.

THE FIRST MILLIONAIRE WEST OF THE ALLEGANY MOUNTAINS.

>> THE MORGANS, HIS FATHER'S FAMILY CAME OUT OF THE TENNESSEE AND THEY'RE MORE OUTDOORSY, MORE INVOLVED IN GUNS AND DUELING AND THAT PART OF SOCIETY.

>> BOTH SIDES OF THAT BROUGHT WITH IT PRESSURES ON HIM.

WOULD HE MEET THE MEN OF ACTIONS STANDARDS, THE STANDARD OF HIS HUNT RELATIVES.

>> PORG AN ENROLLED IN THE PRESTIGIOUS TRANSYLVANIAN UNIVERSITY.

HIS STAY HERE WOULD BE BRIEF.

>> WHILE JOHN HUNT MORGAN WAS ATTENDING TRANSLYVANIA UNIVERSITY, HE GOT IN A DUEL WITH ANOTHER STUDENT THERE.

THEY BOTH GOT KICKED OUT OF TRANSLYVANIA UNIVERSITY AND JOHN HUNT MORGAN WAS NOT ALLOWED BACK IN.

>> THAT DUEL IS REVEALING, I THINK, BECAUSE IT SAYS EARLY IN HIS LIFE THAT HERE IS A MAN WHO BELIEVES IN THE SOUTHERN HONOR, THAT HONOR IS IMPORTANT TO YOUR CAREER AND LIFE.

A MAN OF HONOR WILL ACCEPT CERTAIN THINGS AND NOT ACCEPT CERTAIN THINGS.

>> HE DIDN'T REALLY IDENTIFY WITH BEING A COLLEGE STUDENT AS MUCH WAS HE WANTED TO BE IN THE MILITARY, SO HE WAS TOTALLY PLEASED WHEN THE MEXICAN WAR CAME ALONG AND HE COULD VOLUNTEER IN THE MEXICAN WAR.

>> AS SOON AS THE MEXICAN WAR BEGAN, MORGAN ENTERED THAT WAR EAGERLY BECAUSE IT WAS A WAR FOR GLORY, THE KIND OF GLORY PEOPLE HAVE HAD IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR.

>> THEN THE MOST POPULAR BATTLE IN THE MEXICAN WAR AND MOST POPULAR BATTLE SINCE THE BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS, WHEN ZACHARY TAILOR'S TAYLOR'S ARMY WAS OUTNUMBERED AND HE FOUGHT IN THE BATTLE AND CAME HOME.

>> MORGAN RETURNED FROM MEXICO AND SETTLED INTO THE FAMILY BUSINESS OF HEMP FARMING AND TEXTILES.

MARRYING AN 18-YEAR-OLD BEAUTY REBECCA GRATZ BRUCE.

>> SETTLED DOWN IN BUSINESS AND WAS HAPPY WITH HIT.

HAD HEMP FACTORY AND A CLOTHING FACTORY.

>> WHILE HAPPY IN HIS PERSONAL LIFE, HE WAS PASSIONATE ABOUT THE GROWING NATIONAL UNREST OVER THE QUESTION OF SLAVERY.

>> SLAVERY WAS A FACET OF KENTUCKY LIFE AND SOUTHERN LIFE AND MORGAN HIMSELF HAD SLAVES, DEALT IN SLAVES, BOUGHT SLAVES, SOLD SLAVES, WAS PART OF FINANCIAL SIDE OF HIS BEING.

AS FAR AS WE KNOW, HE DIDN'T QUESTION IT GREATLY.

BUT HE ACCEPTED IT AS MANY PEOPLE IN HIS SOCIETY DID.

>> TRAGEDY STRUCK WHEN REBECCA WENT INTO LABOR WITH THEIR FIRST CHILD.

THE BABY BORE WAS STILL BORN AND REBECCA SUFFERED BLOOD CLOTS THAT WOULD EVENTUALLY LEAD TO THE AMPUTATION OF HER LEG.

>> THE POLITICAL STORM ON THE HORIZON, IN 1857, MORGAN FORMED THE LEXINGTON RIVALS AN INDEPENDENT INFANTRY UNIT FORMED TO PROTECT THE NEUTRALITY OF THE COMMONWEALTH.

ON JULY 21, 1861, THE BATTLE OF BULL RUN WAS FOUGHT, THE FIRST ON THAT SAME DAY, MORGAN'S WIFE REBECCA DIED AFTER YEARS OF SICKNESS.

>> MORGAN WAS -- THAT WAS AN IMPORTANT PART OF HIS LIFE.

WHEN LEFT HIS LIFE AND DIED, PART OF HIM I DON'TED WITH HER I THINK TOO.

>> THE NATION WAS AT WAR BUT MORGAN REMAINED COMM COMMIT KENY AND NEUTRALITY.

>> IT IS IRONIC THAT, PROBABLY THE GREATEST CHIEF IN THE CIVIL WAR IN THE FIRST FIVE MONTHS OF THE WAR, HE WAS AT HOME IN PEACE.

>> IN EARLY SEPTEMBER, 1861, KENTUCKY'S NEUTRALITY CRUMBLED AND THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY DECLARED HIS SUPPORT TO UNION.

IN MORGAN ACE MIND, THE DYE HAD BEEN CAST.

>> THE TRANSFORMATION OCCURRED, AND FELT LIKE WHEN THE UNION TOOK OVER, AND, ORDERED HIS LEXINGTON INFANTRY COMPANY TO TURN IN THEIR WEAPONS AND WHEN THE UNION ARMY ARRIVED IN LEXINGTON, HE FELT LIKE THAT HE HAD BEEN DRIVEN OUT.

ONE OF THE NEWSPAPER ARTICLES SAID THAT'S FELT THAT HE WAS LIFELESS AND HOMELESS AND NOTHING TO LIVE AND I DON'T FOR BUT A NEW CONFEDERATE GOVERNMENT.

>> ON SEPTEMBER 20 HAVING BEEN ORDERED TO TURN OVER THE LEXINGTON RIFLE TO THE STATE ARMORY, MORGAN AND HIS MEN ENTERED THE WAR WITH A FLOURISH THAT WOULD GROW TO BECOME THEIR CALLING CARD.

>> WHEN THEY SLIPPED OUT OF LEXINGTON, THEY SENT THESE CRATES TO FRANKFORT LABELED "RIFLES."

AND, THEY WERE FILLED WITH BRICKS.

AND AT NIGHT THEY SLIPPED OUT OF LEXINGTON WITH THE REAL RIFLES AND WENT SOUTH AND JOINED THE CONFEDERATE ARMY.

>> HE LEAVES WITH ARMS AND MEN THAT HE KNOWS WILL BE ON HIS SIDE AND CAN FIGHT.

>> BOTH SIDES SOON LEARNED THAT IN JOHN HUNT MORGAN, THEY WERE DEALING WITH THE LEADER THE LIKES THAT THEY HAD NEVER SEEN.

WE HEADED TO BARDSTOWN TO SPEAK WITH MORGAN HISTORIAN STEVE MUNNSON ABOUT WHAT MADE HIM SUCH A UNIQUE FIGURE.

>> THE WAR WAS FOUGHT, THE PERCENTAGE OF THE ARISTOCRATs WAS REAL, REAL SMALL.

THE WAR WAS FARMERS AND HORSEMEN, AND, LABORER, CARPENTERS SO THEY HAD ALL OF THESE MENAGERIE OF PEOPLE FROM DIFFERENT OCCUPATIONS AND YOU HAD TO CARRY YOURSELF WITH ENOUGH DASH AND FLARE, THAT AVERAGE MAN WITH NOT A LOT OF EDUCATION LOOKED UP TO HIM, HE'S THE GENERAL.

HE KNEW HOW TO PLAY THAT CHARISMA.

THIS GUY WAS A SNAKE CHARMER.

HANDSOME GUY.

COLORFUL.

ANYBODY THAT WEAR AS HAT WITH A PLUME AND KNEE-HIGH BOOTS, STYLE WAS EVERYTHING.

>> IT DID NOT TAKE LONG FOR MORGAN TO MAKE HIS PRESENCE KNOWN.

SETTING HIS SITES ON HIS HOME STATE OF KENTUCKY.

>> MORGAN'S FIRST RAID IS ONE OF THOSE THINGS OF A STORY BOOK PROPORTIONS.

HE COMES TO KENTUCKY AROUND THE BARREN COUNTY AREA AND SLIPS UP NORTH, DOES A CIRCLE AND COMES BACK OUT OF STATE.

ALMOST THE SPIRIT THAT, NOBODY KNOWS WHAT IS HAPPENING.

HE'S SO FAST, NOBODY CAN KEEP UP WITH HIM BECAUSE THEY THINK THAT HE'S IN ONE PLACE AND ANOTHER PLACE.

>> BYPASSING THE TRADITIONAL PITCHED BATTLE APPROACH, THE NEW STYLE OF WARWAS UNLEASHED ON THE UNPREPARED UNION LEADERSHIP.

>> HIS GENERAL STRATEGY WAS, TO STRIKE FAST, STRIKE OFTEN AND QUICKLY AND GET OUT, AND MOVE FROM PLACE TO PLACE BEFORE THE ENEMY CAN AMASS ENOUGH MEMBERS TO OVERCOME YOU.

IF YOU HAVE THE ADVANTAGE, TAKE THAT ADVANTAGE.

IF YOU DON'T, LEAVE IT BEHIND.

THE OLD ERA, SABERS SIMILARRING THE WAY THROUGH ARMY.

HIS MEN USUALLY DISMOUNTED.

FOUGHT WITH WEAPONS, AND THEY USED THE HORSES FOR MOBILITY MORE THAN ANYTHING ELSE.

QUICK STRIKE WERE THE KEY FOR THEM.

HE KNOWS THE TERRITORY.

HE HAS MEN IN HIS COMMAND WHO KNOW THE LANDSCAPE AND WHERE THE ROADS AND BACK ROADS ARE.

>> HE USED HIT AND RUN AND USED THE TELEGRAPH.

HE'S RECOGNIZED BY THE LONDON TIMES AS INTRODUCING THE FIRST INNOVATION IN THE CIVIL WAR IN THE USE OF TELEGRAPH.

MAKE IT APPEAR TO THE UNION DEFENDERS THAT MORGAN WAS SEVERAL PLACES AT ONCE.

AND THAT HE WAS HEADING WHERE HE REALLY WASN'T.

GENERAL BALL IN LOUISVILLE WHO WAS TEMPTING TO DEFEND KENTUCKY, WENT INTO A PANIC, AND BEGAN SENDING MESSAGES ALL OVER AND LINCOLN WIRED GENERAL THAT THEY ARE HAVING A STAMPEDE IN KENTUCKY, PLEASE LOOK TO IT.

>> WITH HIS AUDACITY AND FLARE, MORGAN'S POPULARITY SOARED AMONG THE SOUTHERN PEOPLE.

>> IT WAS LIKE A CIRCUS COMING TO TOWN.

EVERYBODY RAN OUT OF THE STREETS WANTING TO GREET HIM.

HE WAS LIKE A ROCK STAR.

>> ONE REPORTER WROTE IN THE NEWSPAPER THAT, HIS MEN ATE FOOD.

THEY SEEMED TO HAVE THE IDEA THAT, THEY WERE SUPER HUMAN.

THAT THEY DID NOT EVEN HAVE TO EAT OR REST.

WOMEN TURNED OUT TO SEE THEM IN UNUSUAL NUMBERS.

HIS HORSE BLACK BESS HAD TO BE GUARDED FROM WOMEN WHO WANTED TO CLIP ITS MANE.

>> MORGAN IS THE SOUTHERN CAVALIER IMAGE PER SON FY.

HERE IS MORGAN WITH A SMALL GROUP OF PEOPLE RUNNING AROUND BEHIND THE LINES CREATING ABSOLUTE CHAOS AND HAVOC AND IN THAT I UNION LIVES AND THE PEOPLE, USED TO LIVE DELIGHT IN ALL THIS THAT IS HAPPENING WITH MORGAN.

>> NOT EVERYONE DELIGHTED IN MORMORGAN ESCAPADES.

NORTHERN PAPERS LABELED HIM PRINCE OF THE HORSE THIEVES.

AND COMPARED HIM TO THE OUTLAWS THAT ROAMED THE KENTUCKY COUNTRYSIDE AT THAT TIME.

>> >> YOU HAD PEOPLE WHO FOLLOWED THE RULES PRETTY CLEARLY AND OTHER PEOPLE WHO WENT ACROSS THE LINE.

AND THOSE BLURRING OF LINES MADE IT VERY HARD THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE CONFLICT TO KNOW, WHO REALLY WAS A LEGITIMATE SOLDIER WHO FOUGHT ON THE RULES OF WAR AND COULD BE CALLED A GUERRILLA BECAUSE OF THE TACTICS USED AND A GUERRILLA OUTSIDE THE RULES.

A MAN ALMOST AN OUTLAW IN SOME CASES.

THOSE KIND OF LAWLESS GUERRILLAS CREATED A BAD FEEL IN KENTUCKY AND WERE REALLY A MURDEROUS GROUP IN A LOT OF PLACES ACROSS THE STATE.

AND THOSE WOUNDS OF WAR WOULD NEVER HEAL FOR A VERY LONG TIME AFTER THE CONFLICT ENDED.

MORGAN AND HIS MEN, TENDED TO FOLLOW MORE OF THE RULES OF WAR, BUT NOT ALWAYS.

AND HE DID SOME THINGS THAT HE DRESSED IN THE ENEMY UNION FORS AND WENT BEHIND THE LINES AND THINGS THAT COULD HAVE CAUSED HIM GREAT GRIEF IF CAUGHT IN AN ENEMY UNION FOR THAT'S HOW YOU GET KILLED AND EXECUTED IN A WAR.

>> WE HOPE THAT YOU EVEN JOYED THIS SPECIAL HISTORICAL EDITION OF "KENTUCKY LIFE."

FROM KENTUCKY'S MOST FAMOUS PIONEER TO A PHYSICIAN WHO LITERALLY CHANGED THE COURSE OF SURGERY.

TO ONE OF THE COMMONWEALTH'S MOST CONTROVERSIAL AND NOTORIOUS FIGURES FROM THE CIVIL WAR.

WE ENJOYED SHARING THE STORIES FROM OUR COLORFUL AND UNIQUE PATHS.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.