>> Ted: COMING UP NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON, THE LATEST ON THE AFTERMANUAL OF A TROPICAL STORM THAT HIT WESTERN ARIZONA AND MADE FOR RECORD RAINFALL IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA.

>>> USING NATIVE TRANSLATION IN BOOKS TO INCREASE LITERACY AMONG NATIVE AMERICANS.

>> A NON-NEW INVASIVE FORM OF BIOPSY THAT REQUIRES ONLY A BLOOD TEST.

THOSE STORIES AND MORE NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON.

>> Ted: GOOD EVENING AND WELCOME TO ARIZONA HORIZON.

I'M TED SIMONS.

MUCH OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA IS CLEANING UP AFTER REMNANTS OF HURRICANE HILARY PASSED THROUGH THE REGION OVER THE WEEKEND.

THERE ARE NO FATALITIES AS YET REPORTED FROM THE STORM AND NO MAJOR DAMAGE BUT THE FULL EXTENT IS STILL BEING ASSESSED AND THERE ARE MANY AREAS OF FLOODING.

A NUMBER OF SCHOOLS IN LOS ANGELOS AND SAN DIEGO ARE CLOSED TODAY DUE TO HAZARDOUS ROAD CONDITIONS AND A ROAD IN PALM SPRINGS DUE TO FLOODING.

RAINFALL TOTALS WERE HISTORIC THIS TIME OF YEAR AND A FOOT OF RAIN IN 48 HOURS AND WIND GUSTS OF 48 MILES PER HOUR IN BLACK MOUNTAIN IN SAN DIEGO COUNTY.

THE CITIES OF L.A. AND SAN DIEGO HAD THE MOST IN DECADES.

IT WAS THE SECOND WETTEST DAY IN HISTORY AT DEATH VALLEY AT MORE THAN AN INCH AND A HALF OF RAIN.

WE'LL HAVE MORE ON THE STORM AND THE IMPACT ON ARIZONA IN A MOMENT.

>>> PRESIDENT BIDEN VISITED PAW WEE TOVISITED MAUIAND BROKE AWAY FROM HIS VACATION IN LAKE TAHOE TO MEET WITH SURVIVORS TO MEET WITH FIRST RESPONDERS AND OTHER OFFICIALS.

THE PRESIDENT IS TO ASSIGN A FEMA COORDINATOR FOR A LONG-TERM FEDERAL RESPONSE.

THIS WAS THE DEADLIEST FIRE IN MORE THAN 100 YEARS WITH 114 DEAD AND THAT NUMBER IS EXPECTED TO RISE WITH CLOSE TO 850 PEOPLE STILL UNACCOUNTED FOR.

>>> AS WE MENTIONED, SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AND PARTS OF WESTERN ARIZONA WERE HIT WITH MASSIVE RAINFALL OVER THE WEEKEND AS WHAT WAS LEFT OF HURRICANE HILARY MOVED UP THERE BAJA INTO THE U.S.

HERE NOW WITH THE LATEST ON THE STORM AND WHY WE SAW SUCH AN UNUSUAL WEATHER OCCURRENCE, ESPECIALLY THIS TIME OF YEAR, WE WELCOME ASU CLIMATOLOGIST, RANDY CERVENY.

THE AREAS THAT WERE HARD EVIDENT HIT, IT SOUNDS LIKE, WHAT, LAS VEGAS AND L.A.?

>> FOR THE OLD TIMERS IN THE VALLEY, BACK IN 1997, WE HAD A TROPICAL STORM CALLED NORA AND WENT UP THE COLORADO RIVER.

IT DUMPED QUITE A BIT OF RAIN OVER COURTSIDE AND THIS FOLLOWED A TRACK SIMILAR TO THAT.

>> Ted: SOME OF THE HIGHEST RAINFALL TOTALS AND SOME SAW THE RAINFALL TOTALS IN, LIKE, A DAY OR TWO?

>> SPEAL.

EXACTLY.

YUMA GETS AROUND THREE AND A HALF INCHES IN THE ENTIRE YEAR AND GOT A SUBSTANTIAL AMOUNT IN 48 HOURS.

>> Ted: THEY DIDN'T GET MUCH, THOUGH, DID THEY?

>> COMPARED TO PLACES BACK EAST, IT DOESN'T SEEM SO.

BUT OUR SOIL DOESN'T HANDLE THAT WELL, BUT WHEN YOU DUMP THAT RAIN ON SAND AND CLAY, IT'S NOT GOING TO GO ANYWHERE AND YOU GET FLOODING.

>> Ted: HOW UNUSUAL IS ALL OF?

>> WELL, FIRST OF ALL, I'M GOING TO PAT MYSELF ON THE BACK BECAUSE LAST TIME I WAS HERE, I SAID THIS KIND OF THING ACTUALLY IS A GOOD CHANCE FOR HAPPENING THIS YEAR.

IT IS RARE.

AS I SAID, WE HAD A SIMILAR SITUATION IN 1997.

TO HAVE A STORM AT TROPICAL STORM STRENGTH MADE LANDFALL CROSSING INTO CALIFORNIA, THAT'S HAPPENED A COUPLE TIME IN THE LAST 150 YEARS.

>> Ted: WHY IS IT HAPPENING NOW?

>> THIS WAS THE RESULT, IN SHORT-TERM, AN EL NINO NOW GOING ON IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN.

THE PACIFIC OCEAN IS REALLY HOT AND WE COULD HAVE MORE GOING ON, AS WELL.

THE OTHER THING THAT WAS IMPORTANT IS THAT ALONG THE BAJA, CALIFORNIA COAST, NORMALLY THAT'S A COLD WATER CURRENT AND RIGHT NOW IT'S WARM WATER.

THIS PARTICULAR STORM WAS ABLE TO STAY TOGETHER FOR A LONGER TIME PERIOD AT HURRICANE STRENGTH THAN WHAT WE WOULD NORMALLY EXPECT THAT TO HAPPEN.

>> Ted: WARM WATERS OBVIOUSLY MAKE FOR A LOT OF RAIN.

>> WARM WATER IS THE DURACELL BATTERIES OF A HURRICANE.

>> Ted: WHY DON'T WE SEE MORE HURRICANES OFF OF THE WEST COAST LIKE BAJA AND THE U.S.?

IT HAS TO DO WITH THAT COLD WEATHER AND THE WIND PATTERNS.

NORMALLY, THE WINDS WILL BE BLOWING STORMS OFF THE MEXICO AND IT HAPPENS FREQUENTLY.

PLACES LIKE ACT ACT ACLCPOK.

WHEN THE WIND CURRENT CHANGES BE THAT IS WHAT IS INTERESTING.

DURING EL NINO YEARS AND WE HAVE MORE HURRICANE POSSIBILITIES ALONG THE COAST AND WE'RE NOT DONE.

>> Ted: SO EL NINO HAD A PART AND THE FACT THAT WE SPENT JULY IN AN OVEN HERE IN PHOENIX, MORE SO THAN YOU SIGNIFICANTLY -- MORE SO THAN USUAL, DID THAT PLAY A PART IN THIS?

>> ABSOLUTELY.

THE THING THAT CAUSES THE HOT WEATHER THAT WE HAD IN JULY WAS WE WE CALL CALL A "SUBTROPICAL HIGH" WHICH CAUSES THE AIR TO SINK AND SET AND KEEPS ANY MOISTURE A AND STORMS FROM COMING UP FROM BAJA INTO ARIZONA.

IT KIND OF LOCKED HOT HERE OVER ARIZONA.

GUESS WHAT?

NOW THAT HAS MOVED A LITTLE BIT TOWARDS THE EAST AND ACTUALLY, IF WE LOOK AT THE NEXT SEVEN DAYS AND I DON'T KNOW IF WE HAVE THAT GRAPHIC.

>> Ted: THE NEXT SEVEN DAY FORECAST IS RIDGELY RELATIVELY ENCOURAGING.

>> YOU SEE A SWIRL.

THE SUBTROPICAL HIGH THAT CAUSED THE HOT AIR IS NOW OVER TEXAS.

AND THAT IS FORCING, BECAUSE AIR AROUND HIGH PRESSURE ROTATES IN A CLOCK-WISE PRESSURE, THE AIR FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO AND GULF OF CALIFORNIA RIGHT UP INTO ARIZONA OVER THE NEXT SEVEN DAYS.

TED >> Ted: OH, BOY!

WE SHOULD SEE SOME NOT CRAZY RAIN BUT THE MONSOON WILL COME TO LIFE?

THE MONSOON WILL COME TO HIGH.

TOMORROW AND THURSDAY, GOOD THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY FOR MOST OF ARIZONA.

>> Ted: SO DOES ANY OF THIS IMPACT WHAT WE COULD EXPECT COME FOLIAFALL AND WINTER?

DOES THIS FORECAST ANYTHING?

>> I THINK IT DOES, ACTUALLY.

I THINK THE FACT THAT WE'VE ALREADY IN AUGUST A STORM, A TROPICAL STORM WORK ITS WAY UP BAJA -- AND REMEMBER, THE HURRICANE SEASON DOESN'T GET IT ACT TOGETHER UNTIL SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER, WE'LL HAVE MORE OF THESE THINGS.

>> Ted: SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER ON THE ATLANTIC SIDE AND SAME THING FOR THE PACIFIC SIDE?

>> SAME THING FOR OUR SIDE.

>> Ted: GLOBAL WARMING ARGUMENTS AND SOME PEOPLE AREN'T BUYING THAT IT'S MAN-MADE.

THIS HAS TO BE A RESULT OF SOMETHING GOING ON THERE.

>> YEAH, AND I THINK IT'S IN TERMS OF THE SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES WE'RE SEEING.

THE FACT THIS THING WAS ABLE TO STAY AS A TROPICAL STORM ALL THE WAY TO THE COAST OF THE UNITED STATES, THE BORDER OF THE UNITED STATES, IT TELLS US THAT THE SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES ARE A LOT WARMER THAN THEY NORMALLY ARE.

THE LAST TIME WE HAD THIS WAS OVER 80 YEARS AGO.

THIS HASN'T HAPPENED MUCH IN THE PAST.

WE'LL HAVE MORE FREQUENT SITUATIONS LIKE THIS.

>> Ted: FIRST OF ALL, LIKE JULY, WILL WE SEE MORE JULYS IN THE COMING YEARS AND MORE OF THESE STORMS WORKING THEIR WAY UP IN THE COMING YEARS JUST BECAUSE EVERYTHING IS WARMER?

>> YEAH, AND ALSO, EVERYTHING BECOMES LESS PREDICTABLE BECAUSE THE MOVEMENT OF THE SYSTEMS LIKE THE SUBTROPICAL HIGH SYSTEM I WAS TALKING ABOUT HAS BECOME LESS FORECASTABLE AND THEREFORE, WE ARE GOING TO BE IN SITUATIONS WE CAN'T GIVE YOU GOOD ANSWERS FOR.

SO WE HAVE TO BE PREPARED FOR A LOT OF STRANGE AND UNUSUAL WEATHER IN THE FUTURE.

>> Ted: YOU TALKED ABOUT DESERT AREAS AND HOW DIFFICULT TO RECOVER AND NOT USED TO THIS KIND OF RAIN,.

A YEARLY TOTAL IN ONE DAY IS ABSURD.

OBVIOUSLY THE COLORADO RIVER GOT A LOT OF RAINFALL AND THE RESERVOIRS GOT A LOT OF RAIN.

DOES THIS HELP WITH WATER SAFETY?

OBVIOUSLY, IT WON'T CHANGE IN ONE OR TWO DAYS BUT IT CAN'T HURT.

>> IT CAN'T HURT AND LOWER THE FIRE RISK.

THAT'S ONE OF THE BIG THINGS AND A LOT OF AREA WE HAD BEEN TALKING ABOUT, NASTY FIRES, WITH THIS RAINFALL AND SATURATING THE SOIL, THE FIRE DANGERS SHOULD GO DOWN MARKEDLY.

THAT'S ONE GOOD THING.

THE OTHER THING IS THAT IT'S THE WINTERTIME PRECIPITATION THAT AFFECTS US IN TERMS OF DROUGHT.

WITH EL NINO COMING, THAT WILL NORMALLY MEAN FOR WINTER STORMS, AS WELL.

>> Ted: THE SNOW LEVEL AND CORRECT ME IF I'M WRONG, IS HIGHER THAN USUAL?

>> THEY ARE, AND SO THE PRECIPITATION THAT WE GET WITH THE WINTERTIME STORMS IS MORE GENTLE AND CAN SOAK IN AS OPPOSED TO RUN OFF.

SO WE LIKE THE WINTERTIME STORMS IN TERMS OF GETTING OUT OF DROUGHTS.

>> Ted: RANDY CERVENY, ASU CLIMATOLOGIST, THANK YOU.

>> MY PLEASURE.

>> Ted: UP NEXT, AN EFFORT TO USE NATIVE LANGUAGE TO INCREASE EARLY NATIVE AMERICAN LITERACY.

AN EARLY LITERACY PROGRAM IS TRANSLATING BOOKS INTO EARLY PROGRAMS TO PROMOTE INDIGENOUS LANGUAGE AND CULTURE.

AND HERE NOW WITH MORE ON THIS IS BILL METTOJAH OF THE FIRST 100 INSTITUTE WHICH IS BEHIND THE INSTITUTE.

WELCOME!

>> THANK YOU FOREIGN OVERNIGHTING ME.

>> Ted: YOU BET.

WHAT IS THE FIRST 100 INSTITUTE?

>> THE FIRST 100 INSTITUTE HAS A MISSION OF WORKING WITH INDIGENOUS PARENTS AND CREATING COMMUNITY-BASED BOOKS THAT ARE BOTH IN ENGLISH AS WELL AS IN THE NATIVE LANGUAGE AT THE COMMUNITY.

AND WE'RE ALSO FOCUSED ON EARLY LITERACY DEVELOPMENT.

>> Ted: SO THE IDEA IS, AND CORRECT ME IF I'M WRONG, TO GET SOME OF THESE BOOKS TRANSLATED INTO INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES TO HELP PUSH THINGS ALONG WITH EARLY LITERACY?

>> YES.

YOU KNOW, WHEN I WAS A CHILD LIVING UP IN MONTANA, I USED TO READ BOOKS ABOUT CITIES AND TOWNS AND DIFFERENT PLACES.

BUT I HAD NEVER BEEN TO ONE AND HAD NEVER SEEN TAXIS, FOR EXAMPLE.

GEE WHIZ, WHAT DOES THIS HAVE TO DO WITH ME OR WHERE I LIVE.

WE HELP PARENTS AND TRIBES AND SCHOOLS CREATE THESE BOOKS AND THEN THEY DISTRIBUTE THEM TO PARENTS SO THAT THE PARENTS CAN ENGAGE WITH THEIR CHILDREN IN READING BOOKS TOGETHER AND FORMING THIS LIFE-LONG LEARNING THROUGH A HABIT OF READING.

>> Ted: SOME OF THESE KID WILL BEKIDS WILLBE ABLE TO READ ABOUT TAXIS AND BIG CITIES, BUT IN INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES THAT SPURS ALL SORTS OF LITERACY, TRUE?

>> YES.

ONE OF THE ISSUES WE'VE HAD IN MANY INDIAN COMMUNITIES, THERE AREN'T MANY LIBRARIES IN THESE COMMUNITIES.

THE ONLY LIBRARIES ARE IN THE SCHOOLS AND MANY TIMES, THE SCHOOLS ARE CLOSED DURING SUMMER MONTH EASYS AND THEY DON'T HAVE ACCESS.

AND ZERO UP THROUGH AGE THREE, THERE'S A D IRK IRKIRTH OF LITERACY AVAILABLE.

WE'RE TRYING TO ENCOURAGE READING BECAUSE RESEARCH IS CLEAR IN THAT THE FIRST FEW YEARS OF LIFE ARE EXTREMELY IMPORTANT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAIN, AS WELL AS, YOU KNOW, GETTING PARENTS ENGAGED IN READING TO CHILDREN AND CHILDREN LEARNING THAT'S AN IMPORTANT ACTIVITY.

>> Ted: I WOULD IMAGINE IT'S MAKING AN IMPACT AND A DIFFERENT ININ TERMS OF CUP A CULTURE AND HELPING THAT CULTURE NOT ONLY SURVIVE BUT THRIVE.

>> EXACTLY, YES.

BECAUSE LANGUAGE CONTAINS THE CULTURE.

ONCE WE TEACH THE LANGUAGE, CHILDREN LEARN THE CULTURE, AS WELL.

ALSO, THEY IDENTIFY WITH THEIR COMMUNITY IN WHICH THEY'RE LOCATED.

THAT'S REALLY IMPORTANT FOR A LOT OF PEOPLE, ALMOST ALL PEOPLE TO HAVE AN IDENTITY TO KNOW WHERE THEY CAME FROM.

>> Ted: DEVELOPING PRIDE TO KNOW WHO YOU ARE AND WHERE YOU CAME FROM.

>> THAT'S TRUE.

>> Ted: ALL THIS SAID, DOES IT HELP WITH LITERACY RATES?

ARE YOU SEEING IT WORK?

>> YES, WE ARE.

WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE LITERACY RATES IN INDIAN COMMUNITIES, THEY'RE FAIRLY LOW.

THE PROFICIENCY RATES IN READING, LANGUAGE ARTS IS REALLY LOW AND INDIAN COMMUNITIES.

A BIG PART OF THAT IS BECAUSE THEY DON'T HAVE BOOKS AND IF YOU TAKE A LOOK, YOUR VIEWERS CAN GO ONLINE AND LOOK AT BOOK DESERTS AND THEY HAVE ONE HERE FOR PHOENIX IN THIS AREA.

AND THAT SHOWS WHERE ALL OF THESE CHILDREN WHO LIVE, MOSTLY IN POVERTY, WHO ARE POOR, THEY DON'T HAVE ACCESS TO BOOKS, THE PARENTS CAN'T BUY BOOKS FOR THEM.

SO THAT'S ONE ISSUE.

THE OTHER ISSUE IS BECAUSE THEY'RE NOT REALLY RELEVANT TO THE PEOPLE WHO ARE ACTUALLY READING THEM.

SO, YES, BUT WE DO HAVE DATA AND WE'VE BEEN FOLLOWING KIDS NOW FOR THE LAST SEVEN YEARS HERE IN THE PHOENIX YEAR ON THE INDIAN RESERVATION TO SEE HOW PROFICIENCY RATES ARE AND THEY HAVE INCREASED.

>> Ted: WOW!

>> WHEN YOU TAKE A LOOK AT THE RESEARCH, THE RESEARCH SAYS THAT YOU HAVE TO HAVE 100 BOOK IN THE HOME TO MAKE A REAL DIFFERENCE IN THE LIFE OF A CHILD.

AND MOST OF OUR PARENTS DON'T HAVE THAT.

AND SO THESE LITTLE BOOKS THAT WE CREATE, THEY'RE RELEVANT TO THE COLD FRONT COMMUNITY AND THEY USE THEM.

>> Ted: EMPOWERING PARENTS AND EMPOWERING THE COMMUNITY, THAT'S A BIG FACTOR HERE, TOO, IS IT NOT?

>> IT IS YES.

YOU KNOW, THE STORIES THAT WE HAVE IN THESE INDIAN COMMUNITIES AREN'T SHARED MUCH NOT UNLESS THEY HAPPEN TO READ THEM OR SEE THEM BY LISTENING TO OLDER PEOPLE AND SO, YEAH, WHAT THEY ARE ABLE TO CAPTURE CAPTURE IS THE HISTORY AND CULTURE OF THE TRIBE AAND THE STORY THAT'S BEEN AROUND FOR AGES IS CAPTURED IN THESE BOOKS.

PEOPLE CAN READ THEM AND LEARN THEM.

WE HAVE AN ACCESS WITH OUR TECHNOLOGY WHERE WE CAN ALSO HEAR THE LANGUAGE IN THE WAY THAT IT'S SUPPOSED TO BE PRONOUNCE.

>> Ted: WOW!

>> IT'S ONLINE, YEAH.

>> Ted: BEFORE YOU GO, UNIT FOR LITERACY, THAT'S A SOFTWARE COMPANY THAT DEVELOPED THIS?

THEY'RE OUR PARTNER AND THEY HAVE A PLATFORM THAT THEY DEVELOPED, LIKE I MENTIONED AND YOU CAN HEAR THE LANGUAGE.

>> GO TO UNITEFORLITERACY.COM OR FIRST100.ORG.

>> Ted: CONGRATULATIONS.

SOUNDS LIKE A GREAT PROGRAM.

>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR HAVING ME.

>> THERE STANDS A MONUMENT TO ITS FOUNDER AND IN 1878, CHEFFLIN SOUGHT RICHARDS IN THE UNTAMED MULE MOUNTAINS DESPITE WARNED THAT THE ONLY THING HE WOULD FIND THERE IS HIS TOMBSTONE.

HE LAUNCHED A BOOM AND ESTABLISHED THE TOWN.

BY THE 1880'S, THIS WAS THE COUNTY SEAT WITH WILD AND COLORFUL CHARACTERS WHO ESCAPADES ARE CHRONICLED IN ARIZONA'S OLDEST NEWSPAPER, "THE TOMBSTONE EPITAFT.

."

IT WAS BUILD AS THE TOWN TOO TOUGH TO DIE.

.

>> Ted: A NEW FORM OF BIOPSY IS BEING DEVELOPED THAT IS NONINVASIVE REQUIRING ONLY A BLOOD TEST INSTEAD OF THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF A PIECE OF TISSUE.

DAVID SPETZLER, THANK YOU FOR JOINING US AND WHAT IS THIS?

>> A MOLECULAR PROFILING COMPANY, SURVEYING LATE-SAGE CANCER STUDENTS TO FIGURE OUT WHICH DRUGS WILL WORK AND WON'T WORK.

>> Ted: WITH THAT IN MIND, LIQUID S I BIOPSIES, WHAT ARE WE TALKING ABOUT?

>> CELLS THAT ARE GROWING OUT OF CONTROL AND DYING QUICKLY.

THAT MATERIAL IS SHED INTO OUR BLOOD TO GET CLEANED UP.

SO WHAT WE DO IS WE TAKE SOME BLOOD AND WE LOOK FOR THE FRAGMENTS FROM THESE CANCER CELLS TO IDENTIFY WHETHER A CANCER EXISTS WITHIN SOMEBODY OR NOT.

AND IN THAT WAY, WE CAN IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF CANCER IF SOMEBODY HAS CANCER FAR EXISTING THAT TECHNOLOGY TODAY.

>> Ted: IT'S A BLOOD-BASED DIAGNOSE ISSUE TOOL?

>> YES.

>> Ted: YOU HAVE MOLECULAR PROFILING HERE AND ARE YOU SEQUENCING CODES AND ALL OF THIS KIND OF BUSINESS?

HOW ARE YOU GETTING TO GETTING THIS DONE IN.

>> SEQUENCING 20,000 GENES WITH THE DNA LEVEL AND RNA LEVEL TO FIND THESE SIGNALS.

>> Ted: BASICALLY TUMOR PROFILING?

>> IT IS TUMOR PROFILING.

>> Ted: LET'S SAY YOU FINE FIND SOMETHING THAT TELLS YOU WHAT, A CANCER OR SPECIFIC TYPE OF CANCER?

>> IT TELLS YOU FIRST THAT YOU HAVE A POTENTIAL OF HAVING A CANCER AND THEN THE TYPE, BUT THERE'S A SECOND COMPONENT TO THIS.

YOU ALSO WANT TO INTERROGATE THE IMMUNE SYSTEM TO UNDERSTAND, IS THIS A CANCER THAT WILL GROW OUT OF CONTROL?

BECAUSE WE ALL GET CANCER EVERY DAY, BUT OUR IMMUNE SYSTEMS KILL IT.

SO WE NEED TO DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN MATERIAL SHED FROM OUR IMMUNE SYSTEM AND SOMETHING OUT OF CONTROL.

>> Ted: HOW PRECISE IS SOMETHING HIKE THIS?

BECAUSELIKE THIS?PEOPLE THINK BIOPSIES, YOU'RE TAKE IT AND LOOKING AT IT AND HOW PRECISE?

>> STILL EARLY DAYS BECAUSE THE INCIDENCE RATE OF CANCER IS LOW, SO FOUR OUT OF A THOUSAND PEOPLE WILL HAVE IT AND WE DON'T WANT FALSE POSITIVES.

FALSE POSITIVES LEAD TO OVERTREATMENT, OVER DIAGNOSICS AND THAT'S A BAD THING.

SOUTH SO THAT IS ONE OF THE KEY COMPONENTS OF IMPROVING THIS TECHNOLOGY, IS MAKING IT MORE PRECISE.

>> Ted: ARE THERE CANCERS THAT ARE MORE EASILY RECOGNIZED BY THIS TECHNOLOGY?

>> THE MORE BLOOD VESSELS THERE ARE MOVING THROUGH THE CANCER, THE EASIER IT IS TO FIND.

THOSE ARE THE CANCERS WE HAVE AN EASIER FIND ANYWAY.

WE LOOK FOR PAN PANCREATIC AND OVARIAN.

>> Ted: IS IT SOMETHING COORDINATED ALONG WITH A REGULAR BIOPSY?

>> ABSOLUTELY.

IN THE BEGINNING OF THIS JOURNEY, IT'S IN CONJUNCTION WITH EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES.

BUT EVENTUALLY, IT WILL TAKE OVER EVERYTHING AND AT THE END OF THE DAY WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT, EVERY DISEASES ARE CELLS GOING WRONG.

THIS TECHNOLOGY THAT HAS BEEN CREATED WILL HAVE FAR-REACHING CONSEQUENCES OUTSIDE OF CANCER, AS WELL.

EVENTUALLY EVERY PERSON WILL GET A BLOOD TEST THAT WILL TELL THEM ABOUT THE MOLECULAR CONFIGURATION THIS THEIR BODY AND IDENTIFY ALZHEIMER'S OR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.

>> Ted: OR SOMETHING IS HAPPENING RIGHT NOW AND YOU NEED FURTHER TREATMENT?

>> IT'S NOT A RISK FACTOR.

IT'S WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THE BODY RIGHT NOW.

>> Ted: I WOULD IMAGINE THIS WOULD WORK IN TERMS OF TRACKING?

YOU DON'T WANT TO DO A PHYSICAL BIOPSY EVERY WEEK OR SOMETHING, BUT YOU CAN DO THIS EVERY WEEK, CAN'T YOU?

>> THAT'S RIGHT.

SOW CAN SEE IF THE THERAPIES THAT YOU'RE TAKING IS WORKING OR NOT.

IS IT HAVING A DESIRED EFFECT.

IS THERE AN EVOLUTION OF THE CANCER AND IT'S COMING BACK AND YOU WANT TO SWITCH THERAPIES TO SOMETHING ELSE.

IT GIVES US A WINDOW OF WHAT'S HAPPENING IN THE HUMAN BODY.

TED HOW >> Ted: HOW LONG HAS THIS BEEN AROUND?

>> IT'S STILL NEW AND IT MARYLANDHAS TODO WITH REVOLUTIONS IN THE TECHNOLOGY.

THE HUMAN GENOME IS THREE BILL BASES AND WE NEED TO HAVE THE DEPTH OF INFORMATION IN THE BLOODY THATBLOOD AND THAT SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGY IS BRAND NEW, AND THE COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY.

WITH THE COMPUTING EVOLUTION AND A.I.

THESE INTERROGATION TECHNIQUES AND TO MEASURE THE GENOME, THAT IS CREATING A NEW TECHNOLOGY.

WE DISCOVERED GERMS AND NOW WE CAN FIGHT ANTIBIOTICS.

HAVE TO USE A.I.

FOR THIS.

>> Ted: THIS SOUNDS PROMISING AND INTERESTING AND SOMETHING I THINK A LOT OF PEOPLE WOULD BE INTERESTED IN, BUT IT'S STILL IN DEVELOPMENT.

WHEN WILL IT BE READY?

>> WE'LL FINALIZING TRIALS AND THERE ARE COMPANIES WHERE IT IS AVAILABLE TO THEM AND IT COMES DOWN TO, WHEN IS IT GOING TO BE BENEFICIAL TO MAINSTREAM POPULATION.

WE CAN DIVIDE IMPROVE, IS IT UP?

THEY GET EARLY ACCESS BECAUSE IT'S MORE IMPORTANT TO BE SCREENING THOROUGHLY.

BUT FOR A GLOBAL SCREENING TEST, WE'RE A WAYS AWAY.

>> Ted: A YEAR?

>> MONTHS TO A FEW YEARS.

>> Ted: LAST QUESTION HERE, DO YOU NEED TO CONVINCE DOCTORS THIS IS AN OPTION?

>> IT DEPENDS ON THE DOCTOR.

CERTAINLY THERE ARE SOME THAT PAY MORE ATTENTION AND ARE REALLY FOCUSED ON THIS.

BUT THE TECHNOLOGY BEING SO NEW, THERE'S ALSO A LOT OF SKEPTICISM OUT THERE.

THAT'S NOT UNHEALTHY.

ANYTIME THERE'S A SCIENTIFIC BREAK-THROUGH, WE NEED TO MAKE SURE WE NEED TO VALIDATE IT COMPLETELY AND THOROUGHERY.

>> Ted: DAVID SPETZLER, THANK YOU FOR SHAFFERING.

SHARING.

>> YOU BET.

>> Ted: THAT'S IT FOR NOW.

YOU HAVE A GREAT EVENING!