♪ ♪ GULF WINDS BLOW THROUGH Y ROOFS ALL THE WAY TO THOMASVILLE.

♪ THE NATIVE NAMES WRITTENN THE LAND ECHO THROUGH THE D CLAY HILLS.

♪ WHERE THE SCENT OF LONGLF FLORIDA PINE REACH UP ON PT THAT GEORGIA LINE -- ♪ A STROLL THROUGH TALLAHAE TOWN OR SOUTHERN APALACHEE BOUND -- ♪ TAKE THE LOCAL ROUTES AND JOURNEY DOWN THE ROADS WE L OUR HOME.

♪ TAKE THE LOCAL ROUTES AND JOURNEY DOWN THE ROADS WE L OUR HOME ♪ >> WELCOME TO "LOCAL ROUTE" I'M SUZANNE SMITH WITH WFSU PUBLIC MEDIA, AND RIGHT NOM AT THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVEY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE.

TODAY, THOUGH, I'M GOING TE TAKING A BIT OF A TOUR AROD TALLAHASSEE AS A SPECIAL TN TO THE UPCOMING AMERICAN MS DOCUMENTARY ABOUT OLIVER S, HIS OWN LIFE.

WONDERING HOW A FAMOUS NEUROLOGIST TIES INTO OUR DAY-TO-DAY LIFE?

WELL, IT'S MORE THAN YOU MT THINK.

HERE'S A LITTLE BIT ABOUT R SAKS.

>> MEET OLIVER SAKS, THE D, THE WRITER AND THE MAN.

>> MUCH OF MY LIFE HAS BEEN SPENT TRYING TO IMAGINE WHT WOULD BEING ANOTHER HUMAN .

>> HE WOULD TELL THESE STOS SO WELL THAT PEOPLE WHO ART OUT ARE STORIED BACK INTO E WORLD.

>> I THINK WE'RE BEGINNINGO GET SOMEWHERE.

>> ON AMERICAN MASTERS.

♪ ♪ >> SINCE OLIVER SAX WAS A NEUROROLLS, IT TAKES SENSE- NEUROLOGIST, IT MAKES SENSO START AT FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY'S COLLEGE OF MEDICINE.

INSIDE THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES IS THE CENTER FOR BRAIN REPAIR.

WFSU'S MIKE PLUMMER ZOOMS R A CLOSER LOOK.

>> THE UP UPCOMING AMERICAN MASTERS PROGRAM ABOUT RENOD NEUROLOGIST DR. OLIVER SACS STIMULATED SOME OF THE BRAN CELLS AT WFSU PUBLIC MEDIAO ASK ABOUT SOME OF THE BRAIN POWER AT WORK AT OUR VERY N UNIVERSITY.

WHAT WE FOUND WAS SOME VERY INTERESTING RESEARCH BEINGE AT THE FSU COLLEGE OF MEDIE CENTER FOR BRAIN REPAIR.

THE CENTER'S DIRECTOR.

>> NEUROSCIENCE IS A BROAD, STUDY OF BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR WHICH ENCOMPASSES STUDYINGS THAT MAKE UP THE BRAIN, HOY BEHAVE UNDER A MICROSCOPE N EXPERIMENTAL LABORATORY CONDITION, TO STUDYING A WE ORGANISM, MAYBE AN EXPERIML ANIMAL OR A HUMAN BEING.

SO NEUROTO PROSCIENCE ENCOMPASSES BOTH SELL YOU , MOLECULAR WOILY AS WELL AS SYSTEMS NEUROSCIENCE.

MEANING WHEN ALL THESE CELE PUT TOGETHER, YOU GET THE .

NEUROSCIENCE ENCOMPASSES TS ENTIRE SPECTRUM OF STUDYING CELLS TO STUDY THING INDIVIDUALS.

>> TO BE CLEAR, THE DOCTORS NOT A MEDICAL DOCTOR.

HE'S A NEUROSCIENTIST.

BUT HE HAS FOUND HIS PRIOR BUT HE HAS FOUND HIS PRIORH ALONGSIDE PRACTICING NEUROLOGISTS AT MASSACHUSES GENERAL HOSPITAL HAS INFORD HIS VIEW OF SCIENCE.

BEING IN A HOSPITAL ENVIROT HAD A BIG IMPACT ON MY RES.

BEFORE THAT I WAS IN ABERD, AT LONDON, AT YALE.

I WAS MORE IMMERSED IN NEUROSCIENCE, NEUROSCIENTI.

BUT COMING TO MASS GENERAL, THERE WAS A BIG EXPOSURE TO CLINICIANS WHO WERE ALSO SCIENTISTS.

SO MY RESEARCH THEME CHANGD WHILE AT MASS GENERAL.

PARTICULARLY MY INTERACTIOS WITH NEUROLOGISTS.

I BECAME INTERESTED IN HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE AND TN ANOTHER NEUROLOGICAL DISORR CALLED DISTONE YA WHICH ISA MOVEMENT DISORDER.

AND MY INTERACTIONS WITH CD PSYCHIATRISTS LED ME INTO NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDE, ADHD, AUTISM.

MOSTLY ADHD.

SO I FIND THAT MY STAY AT S GENERAL HAS HAD A SIGNIFICT IMPACT ON THE RESEARCH PROM THAT I AM PURSUING NOW AT .

>> DEIRDRE McCARTHY IS RESEARCH FACULTY AT FSU ANS THE DOCTOR'S RESEARCH LABORATORY.

>> HE REALLY ENJOYS TEACHIG PEOPLE.

HE LOVES SHARING HIS KNOWL.

HE HAS A VAST AMOUNT OF KNOWLEDGE THAT YOU DON'T EN REALIZE UNTIL YOU'RE JUST G A CONVERSATION WITH HIM, AD HE'S REALLY INTERESTED IN SHARING THAT AND TEACHING PEOPLE.

>> I SEE IT AS KIND OF A CE WHERE A CLINICIAN WOULD COE ACROSS A QUESTION OR A PROM OR SOMETHING THAT PIQUES TR INTEREST, CURIOUSTY OR BOTS THEM THIS THEY SEE IN A PA.

THEY WORK IN CLOSE COLLABON WITH SCIENTISTS LIKE ME, SE WOULD DISCUSS THAT THE THA.

AND THEN COLLECTIVELY, WE D SAY, YOU KNOW WHAT IN WE CN PROBABLY -- YOU KNOW WHAT?

WE CAN PROBABLY TEST THIS QUESTION OR IDEA IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL.

SO IN THE ADHD RESEARCH THE HAVE BEEN DOING, ONE OF THE CONCERNS EVERY CLINICIAN OF YOU HAVE A CHILD OR A FRIED WITH ADHD, STIMULANT ARE MEDICATIONS ARE VERY EFFEC, YOU KNOW, AT ROLL, RITALINT THEY HAVE SERIOUS SIDE EFF.

MOSTLY POTENTIAL ABUSE.

SO WE WERE ABLE TO IDENTIFE MECHANISM THAT LEADS TO AB.

WE WENT EVEN FURTHER.

WE SAID THERE'S ALREADY A G ON THE MARKET THAT IS USEDR ALCOHOL ADDICTION AND ORR S OF ADDICTIONS -- OTHER TYPF ADDICTIONS.

SO WE COMBINED THAT DRUG W, SAY, RITALIN.

WHEN WE COMBINED THE TWO TOGETHER, IT WAS STILL THERAPEUTICALLY EFFECTIVE N ADHD TREATMENT, BUT EVEN IA PERSON TOOK HIGH DOST DOSE, IT'S -- DOSES, IT WAS NO LR ABUSIVE.

THAT DISCOVERY, WITH HELP M FSU'S COMMERCIALIZATION OF, WEAPON ABLE TO PATENT THATD I STARTED A START-UP COMPAY HERE IN FLORIDA.

AND THAT COMPANY'S NOW DEVELOPING THAT DRUG.

IT'S NOW IN CLINICAL TRIAL STAGE.

SO IT'S A GOOD EXAMPLE, A Y FULFILLING EXAMPLE FOR ME E A CLINICIAN, WE DISCUSSED A SERIOUS PROBLEM, A SOCIAL PROBLEM, ECONOMIC PROBLEM.

AND BY USING OUR KNOWLEDGED SKILL AS SCIENTISTS, WE WEE AB TO IDENTIFY A NEUROBIOLOGICAL MECHANISM H THEN COULD LEAD TO DEVELOPT OF, YOU KNOW, POTENTIALLY A NON-ABUSE WITH BL STIMULANT FORMULATION.

>> IT CAN BE EXTREMELY DISAPPOINTING.

IT'S VERY HARD DAYS, BUT TN THE HIGHS ARE AMAZING.

LIKE, NOW I'M AT A POINT WE I'M EXCITED ABOUT WORKING A DRUG THAT I KNOW IS GOING O POTENTIALLY MAKE IT TO THE MARKET AND COULD TREAT DISS WHERE THERE'S NO TREATMENTR IT.

>> AT FSU I'M CONTINUING TK ON ADHD, CONTINUING TO WORN DISSTONE YA.

AND THERE'S A THIRD NOVEL A OF RESEARCH THAT WE ARE WOG ON WHICH IS A PHENOMENON CD TRANSGENERATIONAL TRANSMISN OF BEHAVIORAL -- BEHAVIORS, LET'S SAY.

>> WHAT THAT MEANS IS THAT PHYSICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFS CAN BE PASSED ON TO FUTURE GENERATIONS THROUGH NONENEC TRANSMISSION.

THERE'S A LOT OF BRAIN POWT WORK OVER IN THAT LAB.

IN TALLAHASSEE FOR WFSU PUC MEDIA, I'M MIKE PLUMMER.

>> OLIVER SACKS DIDN'T JUST STUDY THE BRAIN, HE STUDIEW WHAT HAPPENS THERE IMPACTSE WHOLE PERSON.

NOW, THANKS TO THE MAGIC OF TELEVISION, I AM AT CAPITAL REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER IN TALLAHASSEE.

I HAD THE CHANCE TO TALK WN INTERNIST ABOUT THE MIND/BY CONNECTION.

>> I AM DR. ALLISON, I'M AN INTERNAL MEDICINE PHYSICIAD I WORK AT CAPITAL REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER IN TALLAHAS, FLORIDA.

SO EITHER INTERNAL MEDICINR SOME FAMILY MEDICINE POSIT, WE TREAT PEOPLE IN THE ACUE SETTING.

SO ONCE SOMEONE IS ADMITTEO THE HOSPITAL FROM THE EMERY DEPARTMENT, WE TAKE OVER CN THE HOSPITAL SETTING.

IF YOU'RE ADMITTED TO THE HOSPITAL, YOU KNOW, YOU'REK ENOUGH TO BE HERE, AND IT'S PRETTY VULNERABLE FOR PEOP.

AND I FEEL I CAN PROVIDE A SERVICE AND TAKE CARE OF PE ESPECIALLY WITH MY BACKGRON OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE, TREAG THE WHOLE PERSON INSTEAD OT FACE VALUE, HOPEFULLY GIVEM SOME COMFORT WHILE THEY'REN THE HOSPITAL.

OUR PHYSICAL WELL-BEING, ML WELL-BEING AND SPIRITUAL WELL-BEING ARE ALL CONNECT, AND I TRULY BELIEVE THAT.

IF YOU FEEL POORLY SPIRITUY OR MENTALLY, YOUR PHYSICAL HEALTH CAN BE AFFECTED BY .

MAYBE YOU'RE NOT EATING RIR SLEEPING RIGHT, THAT'S GOIO AFFECT YOUR PHYSICAL HEALT.

AND IF YOU'RE PHYSICALLY I, FOR WHATEVER REASON, ACUTER CHRONIC ILLNESS, IT CAN AFT YOUR MENTAL HEALTH.

I HAVE A BROTHER WHO'S ABOT FIVE YEARS OLDER THAN ME, E WAS INTERESTED IN MEDICINED I ALWAYS WANTED TO BE LIKE.

IN DECISIONTH GRADE WE, I A SCIENCE TEACHER WHO WAS VEY INTERESTED IN ANATOMY9 ANDE HUMAN BODY, AND SO ONE OF R CLASS UNITS WAS ON ANATOMY.

AND WE DID THIS WHOLE THIN, YOU KNOW, TAUGHT US EVERY , WE HAD TO TYPE OUR NOTES WE GOT HOME, AND AT THE END OE SESSION OUR FINAL WAS BASIY 11 BLANK SHEETS OF PAPER, E DOWN EVERY FACT WE COULD REMEMBER, AND YOU GOT A POT PER FACT.

I FOUND IT FASCINATING, ANI DOVE INTO IT.

I WAS SUPER EXCITED GOING , GETTING NEW PICTURES IN MY BINDER, AND AT THE VERY ENF IT WE GOT TO DISSECT A FRO.

AND FROM THAT POINT ON, I S COMPLETELY FASCINATED WITH ANATOMY AND HOW THE BODY WS AND OPERATED.

THERE'S A LOT WE STILL REAY DON'T UNDERSTAND, AND I JUT CONSTANTLY LIKE THE LEARNID JUST FOUND IT REALLY COOL.

[LAUGHTER] I WAS INITIALLY A BIOLOGY R LIKE EVERY PERSON THAT GOEO COLLEGE WANTING TO DO MEDI, AND I FOUND EXERCISE PHYSIY MAJOR IN STEAD, BECAUSE ITS MORE TO DO WITH THE HUMAN Y AND HOW IT OPERATES AND, YU KNOW, FROM STRUCTURAL STANT AND ANATOMY AS WELL.

THE MOVIE "AWAKENINGS," I K THE FIRST TIME I SAW IT WAY PSYCHOLOGY CLASS.

AND I REMEMBER BEING BLOWNY BY THE MOVIE NOT REALIZINGT WAS A MEMOIR THAT HE WROTET WAS ADAPTED TO A MOVIE.

AND THE THING, YOU KNOW, AN ADULT NOW PRACTICING OSTEOC MEDICINE LOOKING BACK ON TT MOVIE I THINK IS AN IMPORTT POINT IS HOW HE DIDN'T TAKE THINGS AT FACE VALUE.

EACH PATIENT AS A PERSON, A TEXTBOOK.

SO I FOUND THAT AS AN ADULT LOOKING BACK AS AN INTERESG POINT FOR PHYSICIANS IN GEL IS THAT'S HOW YOU SHOULD TT PEOPLE.

YOU KNOW, ESPECIALLY FOR M, I WORK SHIFTS.

SO WHEN I COME IN, I'M TAKG OVER FOR A PREVIOUS PHYSICN OFTEN TIME.

I HAVE TO TRUST WHAT THEY'E DONE, AND THEY ALWAYS DO AT JOB, BUT WHEN I FIRST COMEI LOOK BACK THROUGH EVERYTHIG MAKE SURE, YOU KNOW, I'M RY TALKING TO THE PATIENT AND TRYING TO NOT GO JUST BASEN THE CHART, BUT WHAT THEY'RE TELLING ME.

>> OF THE STORIES THAT OLIR SACKS TOLD FOCUSED ON THE AMAZING POTENTIAL OF PEOPLD THE TRIUMPH OF THE HUMAN ST IN THE FACE OF CHALLENGES.

IN OUR NEXT STORY, WE TALKD WITH ANOTHER DOCTOR FROM CL REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER ABT HOW HIS EARLY LIFE IN A REE CAMP INFLUENCED HIS CAREERN EMERGENCY ROOM PHYSICIAN.

♪ >> SO I AM A PHYSICIAN, SPECIFICALLY I AM EMERGENCM PHYSICIAN.

I WORK IN THE E.R., BASICAY OUR JOB TO TAKE CARE OF PRY MUCH ANYTHING THAT COMES TH THE HOSPITAL, ESPECIALLY TH THE EMERGENCY ROOM.

WE TAKE CARE OF HEART ATTA, STROKE, CUTS, BROKEN ANKLE, RUNNY NOSE.

WE GO FROM KIDS TO ADULTS E MOST ELDERLY.

SO IT'S A VERY GENERAL PARF THE, OF BEING A PHYSICIAN, BASICALLY.

♪ ♪ >> TO BE A PHYSICIAN, THE T BASIC SKILL IS BEING ABLE O LEARN AND LOVING TO LEARN.

THIS IS BECAUSE OUR JOBS RE CONSTANT LEARNING EVERY DAD THEN LEARNING FROM ONE PATT TO ANOTHER, CONSTANT9LY ADG TO NEW DISEASES.

IT REQUIRES A LOT OF PREPARATION.

GOING FROM REALLY HIGH SCH, COLLEGE, MEDICAL SCHOOL, RESIDENCY YOU'RE GETTING PREPARED NO MATTER WHAT.

SO THE BIGGEST THING IS BEG ABLE TO ABSORB THAT KNOWLEE AND BE ABLE TO BE WILLING O TAKE IN MORE INFORMATION AD CONTINUE TO LEARN.

♪ >> MY CHOICE OF CAREER IN MEDICINE, SPECIFICALLY MED, REALLY START WITH MY BACKG.

I WAS BORN IN ONE OF THE PT COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD, BU, BUT I ENDED UP GROWING UP A REFUGEE CAMP IN TANZANIA.

AND THROUGHOUT THE TIME, IT EXPOSED TO HOSPITAL AND WO, VOLUNTEERING IN A HOSPITALD THAT GAVE ME THE CHANCE OF SEEING WHAT PHYSICIANS, NUS DO IN THE HOSPITAL.

THAT REALLY PREPARED ME TOT INTO MEDICINE.

AT THAT TIME THE I HAD NO .

WHEN I GOT TO THE U.S., I REALIZED THAT I CAN ACHIEVE THAT, AND SINCE THEN I WORD TOWARD THAT GOAL AND HERE .

YOU WAKE UP IN THE MORNINGU GO TO WORK AND YOU KNOW FOE THAT SOMEONE WHO COMES TO'U REALLY HAD A -- TO SEE YOU REALLY HAD A BAD DAY.

IT'S NOT THAT PEOPLE COME E ME BECAUSE THEY'RE EXCITED.

THEY COME TO THE E.R.

BECAE THEY'RE REALLY HAVING A BA, AND I'M THAT PERSON WHO ISE TO HELP THEM THROUGH WHATER GOING ON.

AND BEING AN EMERGENCY ROOM PHYSICIAN, YOU CAN'T PREDIT WHAT'S GOING TO COME THROUE DOOR.

AND YOU HAVE TO BE WILLINGD ABLE TO ADAPT.

AND I LOVE THE EXCITEMENT F HELPING SOMEONE WHOS HAS A BROKEN ANKLE OR SOMEONE WHS HAVING HEART ATTACK OR SOME WHO IS HAVING A STROKE ANDM THERE FOR THEM.

THE BIGGEST THING I CAN SAS BECOMING EITHER E.R.

DOCTOR PHYSICIAN, IF YOU'RE INTER, IS STUDY WHAT YOU LOVE ARE.

BECAUSE AS FAR AS MEDICINE, REALLY SOME OF THE BEST DOS THEY STUDY MUSIC, AND THEYD UP GOING DOING MEDICINE, AD THEY CAN HAVE THAT CONNECTN WITH PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS.

BECAUSE THE PEOPLE THAT WE, THEY COME FROM DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS, DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES, THEY WERE RAID DIFFERENTLY, THEY ENJOY DIFFERENT THINGS.

AND YOU ARE ABLE TO CONNECT SOME LEVEL IF YOU TRULY STY MEDICINE.

THE GOOD THINGBOUT MEDICINS THEY HAVE SO MUCH SPECIALTR SUBSPECIALTIES THAT ANY SCL SUBJECT OR ANY TYPE OF PERSONALITY WILL HAVE A ROR WILL HAVE A PLACE IN MEDIC.

>> WE'RE ABLE TO DO THESE STORIES TODAY THANKS TO A T FROM THE PBS SERIES, AMERIN MASTERS.

YOU CAN SEE THEM AS WELL AS WATCH THE DISCUSSION FROM R RECENT OLIVER SACKS VIRTUAK CLUB AT WFSU.ORG/OLIVERSAC, PLUS THE FULL DOCUMENTARY FRIDAY, APRIL 9TH, AT 10 PN WFSU.

YOU CAN STREAM THE DOCUMENT STARTING THAT DAY AT PBS.ORG/OLIVERSACKS.

>>> AND NOW FOR SOMETHING COMPLETELY DIFFERENT WHICHO MEANS A CHANGE OF LOCATION.

RIGHT NOW I'M AT THE HISTOC WITCH GATE PROPERTY IN HALL SAWS -- TALLAHASSEE.

THIS IS THE TIME OF YEAR WA LOT OF US TURN OUR ATTENTIO GARDENING.

NOW, WHETHER YOU'RE GROWING TOMATOES OR FLOWERS OR WILDFLOWERS OR ORNAMENTAL,S IMPORTANT THAT YOU HAVE HEY ROOTS AND HEALTHY SOIL.

WFSU'S ECOLOGY PRODUCER ROZ DE VILLEGAS HEADS OUT TO TY HILL FARM FOR THIS NEXT STY WHERE HE LOOKS AT HOW THEYE BUILDING SOIL USING MATERIS THAT YOU NORMALLY TOSS TO E CURB.

♪ >> HOLLY'S COMPOST GETS ITT FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO.

>> YOU CAN SEE WHY THEY CAT YELLOW FIN TUNA.

THIS IS A MAP GROVE SNAPPE- MANGROVE SNAPPER AS OPPOSEA RED SNAPPER.

OUR LOCAL DELICACY, BLACK MULLET.

>> YOU DON'T NEED FISH TO COMPOST,UT THE SAME PRINCIS APPLY TO YOUR HOME PILE -- >> CARBON, NITROGEN, MOISTE AND AIR.

SO COMPOSTING REALLY IS THY TO SAVE THE WORLDFUL -- THE WORLD.

>> YOU CAN MAKE LEAVES AND KITCHEN SCRAPS WORK FOR YOR GARDEN.

TODAY WE LEARN ABOUT HOT COMPOSTING.

♪ ♪ >> AS WE LEARNED IN OUR LAT SEGMENT, SOIL IS MADE OF RK FRAGMENTS.

THE SIZE OF THE GRAIN DETES HOW MUCH SPACE AND AIR IS E SOIL.

THE AMOUNT OF SPACE A AIR INFLUENCES THE HEALTH OF AS DOES ONE OTHER KEY INGREDIENT.

>> UP AT THE TOP YOU HAVE,U KNOW, A DARKER COLOR DUE TE ORGANIC MATTER.

AND THIS IS WHAT WOULD BE D TOPSOIL.

>> YOU NEED 3% ORGANIC MAT.

MOST FARM SOILS ARE 1-1.5%T MOST INDUSTRIAL FARMING, TE NUTRIENTS ARE PUT THERE IN CHEMICAL FORM.

IN ORGANIC FARMING, YOU BUD THE SOIL, YOU GET THE 3% OC MATTER IN THE SOIL.

>> IN NATURE ORGANIC MATTER COMES FROM DEAD AND DECOMPG PLANTS AND ANIMALS.

IN OUR YARDS WE CAN CONTROE PROCESS BY CREATING COMPOS.

>> THE IDEA IS THAT YOU GEA MIX OF CARBON-RICH MATERIA, THAT WOULD BE YOUR BROWNS,D NITROGEN-RICH MATERIALS, TE WOULD YOUR GREENS.

-- WOULD BE YR GREENS.

EXAMPLES OF YOUR BROWNS WOE LEAVES, SHREDDED PAPER, MU.

AND THEN YOUR GREENS ONE YR FOOD -- WOULD BE YOUR FOOD SCRAPS, COFFE GRINDS, VEGEE WASTE BUT ALSO GRASS CLIPPS AND WHAT NOT.

>> HERMAN USES A NITROGENEL SOURCE THAT MIGHT NOT BE A, BUT IT DOES SHOW OFF THE PS IN A DRAMATIC WAY.

>> IT'S FISH SCRAPS.

WE TRY TO SELL EVERYTHING T WE CAN.

REWE TRY TO SELL HEADS, CH, THROATS OUT OF GROUPERS AND SNAPPERS AND, OF COURSE, TE MEAT OFF THE FISH.

BUT EVERYTHING THAT'S LEFT, KINS, BACKBONES -- SKINS, BACKBONES, HE USES ALL OF .

>> WHAT I DO IS JUST COVERT DEEP ENOUGH THAT THE VARMIS DON'T PULL STUFF OUT.

AND GIVE IT A WEEK OR TWO O BREAK DOWN AND THEN I MIX .

[BACKGROUND SOUNDS] >> SO ONCE YOU'VE BEEN BUIG YOUR COMPOSTPILE, YOU'VE BN MAKING THIS LA SAN A YA OF GREENS AND BROWN, AFTER A E THOSE MICROBES ARE GOING TT TO WORK, AND THEY'RE GOINGO GIVE OFF HEAT.

>> WHEN A PILE'S REALLY AC, YOU CAN COME OUT HERE -- IE MORNING, FOR SOME REASON -- YOU'LL SEE STEAM COMING OUF THE TOP OF THE PILE.

>> THOSE MICROBES GIVE OFFE HEAT, AND THAT'S A GOOD TH, BECAUSE IT'S GOING TO GET F SOME OF THE WEED SEEDS, KIF SOME OF THE POTENTIAL, YOU, BAD DISEASES AND, YOU KNOW, VIRUSES, BACK BACTERIA THAE IN THAT MATERIAL.

WHAT YOU NEED TO DO THOUGHT BUILDS AND BUILDS AND BUILS WITH HEAT, THOSE MICROBES E WORKING HARD.

THEY'RE ALSO KIND OF SUCKIP THE OXYGEN THAT'S IN THAT .

>> THE MOST COMMON PROBLEMT I RUN INTO IS LACK OF AIR, THINGS BEING TOO COMPACTED.

YOU NEED TO HAVE SOME COARE MATERIAL AS PART OF THE MIN IF YOU'RE GOING TO SIFT THT OUT.

BUT THE PILE HAS TO BE ABLO BREATHE.

>> AND THAT'S WHERE A PITCK AND LOTS OF MUSCLE IS INVOD IN FLIPPING THAT PILE.

AND WHEN YOU'RE DOING THAT, YOU'RE INCORPORATING AIR BK INTO THE PILE.

TYPICALLY, WE WOULD TELL FS TO WORK FROM THE OUTSIDE.

SO THE STUFF THAT HAS BEENN THE OUTSIDE OF YOUR OLD PI, YOU WANT TO FLIP THAT INTOE MIDDLE OF THE NEW PILE, ANT HELPS BREAK THAT MATERIAL .

THE ONE OTHER IMPORTANT TH, YOUR COMPOST PILE DOES NEEO STAY MOIST.

WE USUALLY GET ENOUGH RAINN TALLAHASSEE WHERE, IF IT'S UNCOVERED, IT'LL PROBABLY E JUST FINE.

IF YOU HAVE ONE OF THESE CT UNITS THAT HAS A COVER, YOL WANT TO TAKE THAT OFF AND E IT SOME WATER EVERY NOW AND AGAIN.

>> A LITTLE MOISTURE, CARBD NITROGEN AND AIR.

♪ ♪ >> YOU MAY HAVE SANDY SOILT DOESN'T HOLD MOISTURE -- >> I'M GOING TO TRY TO DIGE AND SEE WHAT HAPPENS.

>> -- OR YOU MIGHT HAVE COMPACTED SOIL WHICH WOULD RESTRICT PLANT ROOTS.

YOU CAN HEAR THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO.

>> SEE HOW EASIES THAT IS G HERE?

>> BUILDING A HEALTHY TOPSL CONDITIONS YOUR SOIL AND MS IT FRIENDLIER TO PLANTS.

>> THERE'S A LOT OF LIFE IN HEALTHY SOIL.

THAT LIFE ACTIVITY CREATESA PHYSICAL STRUCTURE WITH SPE FOR WATER.

IF YOU BUILT THE SOIL, THEN EVERY RAIN WILL LAST LONGER YOU.

YOU SAVE THE WATER IN YOUR.

♪ ♪ >> YOU'RE PUTTING TO GOOD E THIS MATERIAL THAT WOULD OTHERWISE BE THROWN AWAY, ?

IS SO INSTEAD OF THROWING S LAND SCAPE DEBRIS OUT TO TE CURB OR YOUR KITCHEN SCRAPO THE LANDFILL, YOU KNOW, YON KEEP THESE THINGS ON SITE , YOU KNOW, TURN IT INTOING SOMETHING VALUABLE F YOUR GARDEN.

THAT'S REALLY IMPORTANT.

♪ ♪ >> FOR WFSU, I'M ROB DIAZ E VILLEGAS.

>> YOU CAN CHECK OUT ROB'S PREVIOUS SEGMENT ON THE SOF TALLAHASSEE AND ON GARDENIR WILDLIFE ON THE WFSU ECOLOY BLOG.

>>> AND NOW FOR A FEW SCENF A RECENT CLEANUP AT A LAKE ALBERTA.

WORK FSU INTERN CHLOE THOMN HELPED PLAN THE EVENT WITH APALACHEE AWEDOP.

IT WAS A DAY BILLED WITH BIRDS -- FILLED WITH BIRDS, TURTLES AND SNAKES.

♪ ♪ >> IS SO HERE YOU ARE.

>> COME UP TO 11 SPECIES S. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> YOU CAN LEARN MORE ABOUE WILDLIFE AT LAKE ALBERTA TN THE WFSU ECOLOGY BLOG.

>> THAT'S IT FOR THIS EPISF "LOCAL ROUTES."

YOU CAN SEE THESE STORIES D MORE ON OUR WEB SITE, WFSU.ORG/LOCALROUTES.

AND FOLLOW US ON FACEBOOK D INSTAGRAM.

PLUS, SIGN UP FOR OUR CALER OF EVENTS NEWSLETTER DELIVD WEEKLY TO YOUR E-MAIL.

IT'S A GREAT WAY TO STAY OP OF EVENTS HAPPENING IN THEL WORLD AND IN THE VIRTUAL O.

THANKS FOR WATCHING.

FOR EVERYONE AT WFSU PUBLIC MEDIA, HAVE A GREAT DAY.

♪ MAGNOLIA TREES GREET THE SOUTHERN BREEZE IN THE LAND WHERE RIVERS WIND.

♪ SEEDS THAT SPRING UP FROE PAST LEAVE US TREASURES YEO FIND.

♪ WHERE OUR CHILDREN PLAY G THE LAND OUR FATHERS BUILTH HONEST HANDS -- ♪ TAKE A MOMENT NOW AND LOK AROUND THE PARADISE WE HAVE FOUND.

♪ TAKE THE LOCAL ROUTES AND JOURNEY DOWN THE ROADS WE L OUR HOME ♪