>> Braude: TONIGHT ON "GREATER BOSTON," THE SAME POPE WHO ONCE SAID WHO AM I TO JUDGE, IS JUDGING SAME SEX MARRIAGE.

HE'S AGAINST IT, AS GROWING MAJORITY OF CATHOLICS ARE FOR IT.

MY RADIO CO-HOST MARGERY EAGAN, AND MARIANNE DUDDY-BURKE, THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF DIGNITY-U.S.A., JOIN ME.

THEN LATER, ONE OF THE ORGANIZERS OF THE BOSTON RALLY TO STOP ASIAN HATE, AND THE LOCAL HEAD OF THE ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE, ON THE SURGE OF VIOLENCE AND HARASSMENT AGAINST ASIAN AMERICANS DURING THE PANDEMIC.

PLUS, HOW COVID MAY AFFECT THE BUILDINGS WE LIVE AND WORK IN LONG AFTER LIFE GETS BACK TO NORMAL.

AND FINALLY, SOME OF WHAT YOU'VE BEEN SENDING IN.

♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ JUST A FEW MONTHS AFTER HE TOOK OVER AS THE HEAD OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN 2013, POPE FRANCIS SAID THE CHURCH MUST BE BROTHERS WITH GAY CATHOLICS, AND ASKED: WHO AM I TO JUDGE?

FIVE YEARS LATER, HE INVITED L.G.B.T.

ADVOCATES TO THE VATICAN, AND LAST OCTOBER HE BECAME THE FIRST POPE TO ENDORSE SAME-SEX CIVIL UNIONS, SAYING IN AN INTERVIEW: HOMOSEXUAL PEOPLE HAVE A RIGHT TO BE IN THE FAMILY.

THEY ARE CHILDREN OF GOD.

BUT AT EVERY STEP OF THE WAY, THE MAN KNOWN TO SOME AS THE PROGRESSIVE POPE HAS STOPPED SHORT OF SHOWING SUPPORT FOR SAME SEX MARRIAGE.

AND YESTERDAY, FRANCIS MADE IT CLEAR HE HAS NO PLANS TO ALTER THE CHURCH'S FIRM STANCE SIGNING OFF ON A VATICAN DECREE THAT RULED THE CHURCH DOES NOT HAVE THE POWER TO BLESS SAME SEX UNIONS.

IN IT, THE VATICAN SAYS TO DO SO WOULD BE ILLICIT - ARGUING [GOD] DOES NOT AND CANNOT BLESS SIN.

IT SEEMS WITH EVERY STEP FORWARD IN ACCEPTANCE, THE CHURCH ALSO TAKES A STEP BACK, LEAVING GAY PARISHIONERS BEWILDERED - OR MAYBE NOT - ABOUT WHERE THEY STAND IN THIS BACK AND FORTH SHUFFLE HERE TO MAKE SENSE OF IT ALL IS MY BOSTON PUBLIC RADIO CO-HOST, MARGERY EAGAN - A FORMER COLUMNIST FOR THE "GLOBE'S" CATHOLIC NEWS SITE "CRUX," WHERE SHE WAS RECOGNIZED WITH FIRST PLACE IN RELIGION COMMENTARY BY THE RELIGION NEWSWRITERS ASSOCIATION.

OF AMERICA.

AND MARIANNE DUDDY-BURKE, THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF DIGNITY-U.S.A., A NON-PROFIT THAT FOCUSES ON L.G.B.T.

RIGHTS AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

MARIANNE IT'S GREAT TO SEE YOU AGAIN AND MARGERY, I SAW YOU A FEW HOURS AGO, GOOD TO SEE YOU AGAIN.

>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING US ON.

>> Braude: WHAT'S THE POPE SAME TO THE PARISHIONERS?

>> THIS STATEMENT SENDS A VERY SAD AND IN SOME CASES SURPRISING AND IN ALL CASES HURTFUL MESSAGE TO LGBTQ PEOPLE AND TO CATHOLICS IN GENERAL IN OUR CHURCH.

TO SAY TO US THAT YOU -- YOUR RELATIONSHIPS CANNOT BE BLESSED.

FAR SHORT OF MARRIAGE, YOU CANNOT EVEN GET A BLESSING FOR YOUR RELATIONSHIP.

NO MATTER HOW MUCH GOOD IS IN IT, NO MATTER HOW LONG YOU HAVE BEEN TOGETHER BECAUSE IT CONSTITUTES SIN IS A VERY, VERY HURTFUL THING TO COME FROM OUR CHURCH.

>> Braude: WHAT WAS SURPRISING ABOUT IT?

YOU USED THAT WORD A MINUTE AGO.

WHAT WITH AS SURPRISE GOING WHAT HE DID MARIANNE?

>> I THINK MANY CATHOLICS WILL BE SURPRISE ED THAT THIS COMES JUST A FEW MONTHS ON THE HEELS OF ALL THE REPORTS THAT WERE OUT THERE ABOUT POPE FRANCIS ENDORSING CIVIL UNIONS.

IT WAS A GREAT SENSE OF HOPE THAT MAYBE WE REALLY ARE ON THE VERGE OF SOMETHING VERY DIFFERENT HAPPENING.

AND YOU KNOW THE DOOR OPENING FOR RECOGNITION OF SAME-SEX MARRIAGES.

I THINK THERE'S ALSO BEEN SOME AWARENESS OF THE FACT THAT THE GERMAN BOIPS BISHOP E-BISHOPS ENDORSING, THERE SHOULD BE SOMETHING GOOD COMING INSTEAD WE GET CALLED SINNERS ONCE AGAIN.

>> Braude: WERE YOU SURPRISED IN ANY WAY MARGERY?

>> MARGARET MARIANNE, JUST MENTIONED, WE HAVE TO USE THE WORD SIN?

CATHOLICS DISCRIMINATES AGAINST GAYGAYS, AGAINST WOMAN, THERE ARE MANY RIGHT WING SCEIVETS, TO MANY BISHOPS IN THAT GROUP THERE ARE, THE LIBERAL CATHOLICS WHO I'M SURE WERE SICK AND CRINGING ABOUT THIS KIND OF LANGUAGE.

BECAUSE AT THE PARISH LEVEL, AT MY PARISH BOSTON COLLEGE WE HAVE HUGE LGBT OUTREACH, WE HAVE PANELS, DISCUSSIONS, MANY PROM NETANYAHU MEMBERS OF THE PEOPLE THAT HELP WITH THE CHURCH.

BUT THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IS JUST -- THE HIERARCHY OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH HAS DISGRACED ITSELF FOR MANY WAYS, AND TO ME THIS IS JUST ANOTHER HURTFUL WAY, NO BETTER THAN TO USE SUCH A HORRIBLE TERM AS SIN.

>> Braude: TALKING ABOUT THE 21st CENTURY MARGERY, LET ME PUT UP A POLL FROM PEW RESEARCH AND TALKING ABOUT THE CHURCH BEING OUT OF STEP FROM THEIR FLOCK.

SUPPORT FOR SAME SEX MARRIAGE, THE MUM OF CATHOLICS IN THIS COUNTRY SUPPORTED IS EXACTLY THE SAME, 61%, AS IT IS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES.

SO WHAT EXPLAINS THIS?

THAT IT'S A BUNCH OF OLD MEN WHO ARE OUT OF TOUCH MARGERY, BECAUSE IN AFRICA WHERE THEY'RE EXPANDING THERE IS EXACTLY THE OPPOSITE VIEW NOT JUST ABOUT SAME SEX MARRIAGE BUT ABOUT LGBTQ PEOPLE, WHAT EXPLAINS IT MARGERY?

>> YOU HEARD THAT EXPLAINEDA LOT, THAT DOES NOT COVER IT FOR ME.

TO ME YOU SET AN EXAMPLE OF THE RIGHT WAY TO GOOD.

CATHOLICS, RANK AND FILE CATHOLICS THINK DIFFERENTLY THAN THE VATICAN ON A WHOLE BUNCH OF ISSUES, SO DO THESE CONSERVATIVE BISHOPS, DON'T TAKE A VACCINE BECAUSE OF FETAL CELL TISSUE.

>> Braude: SOME.

>> NOT ALL.

BUT I'M SAYING -- >> Braude: THE POPE'S BEEN REALLY GOOD ON THAT BY THE WAY.

>> HE HAS BEEN GOOD ON THAT.

BUT YOU HEAR THIS KIND OF THING, YOU HEAR PEOPLE DEBATING SOME AGAIN, WHETHER JOE BIDEN SHOULD BE ABLE TO GO TO COMMUNION.

WHICH IS TERRIBLE ABOUT THIS IS THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IF IT KEEPS ON THIS ROUTE WILL SHRINK AND SHRINK AND SHRINK.

CERTAINLY MY CHILDREN DON'T WANT ANYTHING TO DO WITH A CHURCH THAT L DISCRIMINATES AGAINST WOMEN, DISCRIMINATES AGAINST GAYS.

THEY ARE COMPLETELY OUT OF TOUCH AT THE HIERARCHY.

>> Braude: AND HAS NOT DEALT ADEQUATELY OVER SEXUAL VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN.

IN FRANCE 10,000 CASES OF VIOLENT ABUSE WERE UNCOVERED FROM 1950 ON.

YOU KNOW HYPOCRISY IS ONE OF MY MANY OBSESSIONS MARIANNE, EVEN THOUGH I ADMIT I'M GUILTY MYSELF FROM TIME TO TIME.

ELTON JOHN DID THIS INSTAGRAM POST DID YOU SEE THIS THING IN WHICH HE SAYS HOW ACCOUNT VATICAN REFUSE TO BLESS GAY MARRIAGES BECAUSE THEY ARE SIN, YET HAPPILY MAKE A PROFIT FROM INVESTING MILLIONS IN ROCKETMAN - A FILM WHICH CELEBRATES MY FINDING HAPPINESS FROM MY MARRIAGE TO DAVID?

I'M THE ONLY NONCATHOLIC IN THIS THREESOME.

I DON'T KNOW IF THIS IS DEEPLY HELD BELIEF AT ALL BUT PURELY STRATEGIC, AS I MENTIONED TO MARGERY BEFORE.

THEY ARE WILLING TO MAKE MONEY OFF OF SAME SEX COUPLES, JUST NOT WILLING TO BLESS THEM.

>> I THINK THE STATISTICS YOU PUT UP EARLIER ARE SO IMPORTANT IN THIS CONVERSATION.

BECAUSE I THINK WE HAVE TO KEEP COMING BACK TO THE FACT THAT THE CHURCH IS THE PEOPLE OF GOD.

AND THE PEOPLE WHO MAKE UP THE CATHOLIC CHURCH ARE INCREDIBLY SUPPORTIVE OF LGBTQ PEOPLE, OF TRYING TO DO JUSTICE BY MANY COMMUNITIES.

AND THEY GET THE FACT THAT THERE IS THIS HYPOCRISY.

AND I THINK MORE AND MORE WE'RE WILLING TO CALL OUT OUR LEADERSHIP ON THIS.

AND EITHER BY TURNING AWAY AND GOING SOMEPLACE ELSE FOR SPIRITUAL SUSTENANCE OR BY PICKING UP AND MAKING A POINT OF THIS.

AND THIS IS WHERE LGBTQ CATHOLICS DO FIND BLESSINGS IS WITH THEIR FAMILIES, WHO WILL BE AT OUR MARRIAGE, WILL WELCOME OUR PARTNERS INTO FAMILY GATHERINGS WHO REJOICE WHEN WE BRING KIDS INTO THE FAMILIES.

AND YOU KNOW, THAT GAP BETWEEN THE LEADERSHIP, AND THE PEOPLE OF THE CHURCH, IS JUST GOING TO CONTINUE TO WIDEN.

AS STORIES LIKE THE ELTON JOHN INVESTMENT COME OUT.

>> Braude: WELL YOU KNOW, SPEAKING OF THAT GAP MARGERY, I'M SHORT ON TIME BUT THE NEW YORK TIMES ESTIMATED THAT ANYWHERE FROM 35 TO 75% OF THE PRIESTS IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH ARE GAY.

I KNOW YOU HAVE A TON OF FRIENDS WHO ARE PRIESTS.

WHAT IS THE POPE'S, THE VATICAN'S STAPLEVATICAN'S STATEMENT SAY TO THEM?

>> WELL, IT'S PRETTY HORRIBLE.

THE HYPOCRISY, HERE IS THE SAD THING.

I HAVE A GUY LIKE JIM MARTIN WHO IS A VERY LIBERAL JESUIT.

HAS WRITTEN A BOOK ABOUT ACCEPTING GAY AND LESBIAN PEOPLE INTO THE CHURCH.

ALL THAT STUFF.

HE SPOKE AT MY CHURCH TWO YEARS AGO, NOT AN EMPTY SEAT IN THE PLACE, STANDING OVATION AT THE END.

A COUPLE IN THEIR 80S, WENT UP TO SHAKE HIS HAND, THEY SAID, OUR SON COULD NOT WORSHIP IN OUR CHURCH BECAUSE OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST HIM, HE WAS GAY.

I THINK A LOT OF US ARE CATHOLICS DESPITE THE HIERARCHY, NOT BECAUSE OF ITS.

BECAUSE THEIR MORAL AUTHORITY IS SO WATERED DOWN, THAT THEY SAY SOMETHING AND I THINK A LOT OF US IGNORE IT.

BUT IT DOESN'T MEAN IT DOESN'T HURT AND IT ISN'T HORRIBLE.

>> Braude: MARGERY, WE ONLY HAVE 15 SECONDS LEFT.

YOU TAKE THE LAST 15 SECONDS MANAGER.

>> FOR PEOPLE WHO LIVE IN COUNTRIES WHERE THERE IS NO SOCIAL OR LEGAL SUPPORT FORWARD LGBT PEOPLE, LK LIVES COULD BE AT RISK AND FOR EVERYBODY ELSE THERE IS TREMENDOUS PAIN.

>> Braude: MARIANNE, IT'S GREAT TO SEE YOU, AND MARGERY I WILL SEE YOU TOMORROW AT 11:00.

THANK YOU BOTH FOR BEING HERE.

>> THANKS FOR HAVING US.

>> Braude: NEXT UP.

ATTACKS ON YAIRNL AMERICANS HAVE SURGED IN THE PAST YEAR, SINCE THE CORONA-VIRUS FIRST TOOK HOLD IN THE U.S., AND THE FORMER PRESIDENT STARTED WEAPONIZING RACIST PHRASES LIKE THESE: THE CHINESE VIRUS.

CHINESE VIRUS.

THE CHINESE VIRUS.

KUNG FLU.

>> Braude: AS OF LAST MONTH, ASIAN ADVOCACY GROUPS HAVE FOUND MORE THAN 3,700 CASES OF ANTI-ASIAN HATE, HARASSMENT AND VIOLENCE, CLOSE TO A HUNDRED OF THEM, HERE IN MASSACHUSETTS.

MOST HAVE BEEN INCIDENTS OF VERBAL HARASSMENT, OFTEN REFERENCING CHINA AND THE CORONAVIRUS, BUT MORE THAN 400 HAVE BEEN PHYSICAL ASSAULTS.

AND SO FAR IN 2021 ALONE, THERE HAVE BEEN SEVERAL VIOLENT ATTACKS ON ASIAN AMERICANS INCLUDING A FILIPINO MAN WHO WAS SLASHED IN THE FACE WITH A BOX CUTTER WHILE ON THE SUBWAY IN BROOKLYN IN FEBRUARY, AND A CHINESE WOMAN WHO WAS SHOVED TO THE GROUND IN QUEENS A FEW WEEKS AGO.

THEY BOTH SURVIVED, BUT SADLY, NOT SO FOR AN 84-YEAR-OLD THAI MAN, WHO DIED AFTER A MAN RAN ACROSS THE STREET AND SHOVED HIM TO THE GROUND IN SAN FRANCISCO.

ATTORNEYS FOR THE SUSPECT DENY THE ATTACK WAS RACIALLY MOTIVATED, BUT THE VICTIM'S FAMILY SAY THEY BELIEVE IT WAS QUOTE, DRIVEN BY HATE.

JUST LAST WEEK, THE CURRENT PRESIDENT SPOKE OUT AGAINST SUCH ATTACKS >> VICIOUS HATE CRIMES AGAINST ASIAN AMERICANS, WHO'VE BEEN ATTACKED, HARASSED, BLAMED AND SCAPEGOATED.

IT'S WRONG, IT'S UN-AMERICAN, AND IT MUST STOP.

>> Braude: TO THAT END, PROTESTERS HAVE BEEN HOLDING DEMONSTRATIONS ACROSS THE COUNTRY, INCLUDING HERE IN BOSTON, WHERE HUNDREDS CAME OUT OVER THE WEEKEND FOR A STOP ASIAN HATE RALLY.

I'M JOINED BY ONE OF THE ORGANIZERS, HARVARD STUDENT RYAN DOAN NGUYEN; AND ROBERT TRESTAN, WITH ROBERT'S THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE BOSTON OFFICE OF THE ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE.

THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR BEING HERE.

>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME.

>> Braude: RYAN WHAT WAS YOUR GOAL?

>> REPLY GOAL FOR THIS RALLY WAS REALLY TO ACHIEVE THAT PHYSICAL PRESENCE THAT I SAW HAPPENING ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

I WAS REALLY INSPIRED BY SIMILAR RALLIES BEING ORGANIZED NO CALIFORNIA AND NEW YORK AND I JUST LOOKED AROUND ME AND SAW NOTHING FROM ASIAN-AMERICANS HAPPENING HERE.

I REALLY WANTED US TO HAVE NOT JUST PHYSICAL PRESENCE BUT ALSO A STRONG VOICE.

AND THE STRONGEST WAY TO COULD THAT IS TO SEE PEOPLE AROUND YOU, PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT COLORS AND BACKGROUNDS AND ETHNICITIES.

WE REALLY NEED TO COME TOGETHER AND SEE ONE ANOTHER FACE TO FACE.

AND SO THIS WAS JUST AN EVENT WHERE PEOPLE WHO ARE INCREDIBLY DISTANT, CAN COME TOGETHER AND UNITE AGAINST CAUSE IN SOLIDARITY, IN LOVE AND AGAINST ASIAN HATE.

>> Braude: ROBERT, I DON'T HAVE THE EXPERTISE THAT YOU DO BUT IT SEEMS TO ME LIKE SOMETHING LIKE THIS WAS ALMOST PREDICTABLE WHEN THERE'S GREAT TENSION AND PAIN IN THE AIR.

IT IS OF))N UNFORTUNATELY THAT CERTAINLY PEOPLE PICK OTHER GROUPS OF PEOPLE TO SCAPEGOAT.

SO THIS IS REPLAYED ITSELF MANY TIMES THROUGH OUR HISTORY HAS IT NOT?

>> WELL, IT CERTAINLY HAS.

AND WHAT WE'RE EXPERIENCING NOW IS THE SPIKE, BUT IT'S NOT SOMETHING NEW.

IN FACT, WE'VE BEEN TRACKING AN INCREASE IN HATE CRIMES AND HATE INCIDENTS DIRECTED AGAINST THE AAPI COMMUNITY.

NOW FOR CLOSE TO A YEAR, SO WE'RE -- WHAT WE'RE EXPERIENCING NOW, BEGUN AND STARTED WITH WORDS AND STEREOTYPING MONTHS AGO.

>> Braude: YOU SAY WORDS AND STEREOTYPING.

LETÑi ME FINISH YOUR SENTENCES.

I THINK YOU MAYBE INTENDED FROM THE THDL-PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.

I HAVE TO SAY AS AN OBSERVER IT'S PRETTY CLEAR TO ME THAT HIS RELENTLESS INVOKING OF TERMS THAT WERE RACIST AND DEEP, FROM HIM, INSPIRED A LOT OF THESE PEOPLE.

IS THAT AN UNFAIR STATEMENT?

ROBERT?

>> I THINK THERE IS ACCURACY TO THAT.

IN FACT ONE OF THE THINGS WE DID WAS WE TRACKED IMMEDIATELY AFTER HIS DIAGNOSIS WITH THE CORONAVIRUS, WE DID AN ANALYSIS ON TWITTER.

AND SOCIAL MEDIA.

AND TRACKED AN 85% INCREASE IN ANTI-ASIAN STEREOTYPING RELATED TO TARGETING PEOPLE FROM THE AAPI COMMUNITY.

SO THERE'S A DIRECT CORRELATION BETWEEN SOME OF THE THINGS HE SAID AND HOW PEOPLE ACTED ON SOCIAL MEDIA.

AND THE NEXT STEP -- >> Braude: RYAN -- I'M SORRY, GO AHEAD ROBERT.

>> I WAS -- IT STARTS WITH THE WORDS, THEN THERE'S A SOCIAL MEDIA INTERACTION.

AND THAT LEADS TO PEOPLE ACTUALLY COMMITTING PHYSICAL VIOLENCE AGAINST OTHERS.

>> Braude: YOU KNOW RYAN ROBERT MENTION A MINUTE AGO, IT GOES BACK TO AT LEAST A YEAR AGO.

BUT IT'S PRETTY CLEAR, THIS GOES BACK DECADES AND DECADES IN THIS COUNTRY.

I KNOW IN THE HARVARD VIETNAMESE STATEMENT YOU PUT OUT AROUND THIS RALLY, YOU SAID ANTI-ASIAN RACISM HAS ALWAYS BEEN PRESENT AND PERVASIVE.

AS SOMEWHAT THE REALITY IN THE MEDIA IT GETS FAR LESS ATTENTION THAN RACISM DIRECTED TO BLACK AMERICANS CORRECT?

>> I BELIEVE SO BUT THAT IS NOT THE FOCUS AS OF RIGHT NOW OR THAT WAS NOT THE FOCUS FOR THE RALLY.

ALTHOUGH THERE HAS BEEN ACTIONS COMMITTED BY VARIOUS INDIVIDUALS, WE REALLY WANTED THIS RALLY ANDÑi THIS EVENT TO BE ONE OF UNITY.

BECAUSE WHAT THE CUE IS IS THE ACTION BEHAVIOR NOT NECESSARILY SOMETHING STEMMING FROM A COMMUNITY IN PARTICULAR.

>> Braude: YOU KNOW I WANT TO ASK YOU RYAN WHAT THE IMPACT IS ON YOU AND OTHERS IN THE ASIAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY IN THIS COUNTRY.

I WANT TO PLAY FOR YOU 83-YEAR-OLD NANCY TOH WAS ATTACKED IN NEW YORK LAST WEEK AND YOU'LL FIRST HEAR HER OR HER DAUGHTER.

>> BLEEDING LOTS FROM THE BRAIN, IT LOOKED LIKE, YOU KNOW, PUMPING OUT.

>> I DIDN'T THINK, IT WAS SO CLOSE TO HOME AND NOW I'M AFRAID TO GO OUT AND MY KID IS AFRAID TO GO OUT.

>> Braude: I WANT TO REPEAT WHAT HER DOOURT SAID.

I'M AFRAID TO GO OUT AND MY KID IS AFRAID TO GO OUT.

THIS TRICKLES DOWN TO ALL ASIAN AMERICANS IN THIS COUNTRY, NO?

>> ABSOLUTELY.

WATCHING THAT, HURTS MY HEART.

I SEE HER PAIN IN HER VOICE, AND IN MY LITTLE COUSIN'S LITTLE BROTHER.

ONE OF THE MAJOR REASONS WHY I WANTED TO PUT THIS RALLY TOGETHER.

>> Braude: ROBERT, WHAT'S THE BEST COURSE HERE?

I THINK JOE BIDEN DID HIMSELF AND OUR COUNTRY PROUD WITH HIS COMMENTS THE OTHER NIGHT.

THEY WERE STRONG, AND I THINK THEY HAD -- I THINK THEY HAD AN IMPACT ON PEOPLE.

BUT WHAT IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE THING THAT ONE CAN DO TO FIGHT BACK IN ADDITION TO RALLIES LIKE THE ONES THAT RYAN ORGANIZED?

>> WELL, NUMBER 1, PRESIDENT BIDEN'S STATEMENTS WERE A SIGN OF LEADERSHIP.

AND LEADERSHIP IS CRITICAL AT A TIME LIKE THIS.1f AND WE NEED TO ENCOURAGE OTHERS TO FOLLOW THAT LEAD.

AND ONE OF THE -- IT'S IMPORTANT FOR COMMUNITIES TO BE ABLE TO HEAL.

IT'S IMPORTANT FOR EVERYONE TO SHOW SOLIDARITY.

SOLIDARITY WITHIN THE AAPI COMMUNITY, BUT FOR OTHERS, WHO MAY NOT FEEL THE DIRECT IMPACT.

AND SO SOLIDARITY IS AN IMPORTANT COMMUNITY ACTION THAT ALL OF US CAN DEMONSTRATE RIGHT NOW.

>> Braude: BUT I WANT TO GET BACK TO WHAT RYAN A MINUTE AGO DIDN'T WANT TO TALK ABOUT.

AND I RESPECT HIS DECISION.

I THINK IT'S ACCURATE TO SAY THAT WE IN THE MEDIA GIVE MUCH MORE ATTENTION TO RACISM DIRECTED AT OTHER MINORITIES.

MUCH MORE THAN WE DO TO ASIAN-AMERICANS.

IF YOU AGREE, WHY IS THAT ROBERT?

>> WELL, I CAN'T SPIKE FOR HOW THE MEDIA ARE MAKING THEIR DECISIONS.

BUT THE IMPACT OF RACISM AND HATE CRIMES TARGETING PEOPLE IN THE AAPI COMMUNITY IS ACTUALLY VERY SIMILAR.

WHEN YOU SPEAK WITH VICTIMS ANDÑi COMMUNITIES, THE IMPACT, THE HURT, THE DAMAGE, THE DANGER OF CERTAIN LANGUAGE, IS ALL VERY, VERY SIMILAR.

AND THERE'S ANOTHER SIMILARITY THAT WE NEED TO KEEP IN MIND HERE.

AND THAT IS, NOT EVERYTHING RISES TO THE LEVEL OF A NEWS HEADLINE.

SO WE MAY FOCUS ON THOSE CASES THAT BECOME A FRONT-PAGE STORY.

WHETHERñr IT'S IN THE BLACK COMMUNITY OR WHETHER IT'S IN THE ASIAN COMMUNITY.

OR IN ANOTHER COMMUNITY.

BUT WE KNOW THAT PEOPLE FACE THIS KIND OF BIAS AND HATRED IN THEIR DAILY LIVES ALL THE TIME.

AND IT JUST DOESN'T RISE TO THE LEVEL OF A STATISTIC.

>> Braude: RYAN, I WANT TO ASK YOU WHAT YOU THINK SHOULD BE DONE.

ROBERT SAID A MINUTE AGO ALL VOICES SHOULD BE HEARD.

HERE'S A PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENT FROM FORMER NBA STAR JEREMY LYNN.

>> THE HATE FUELED ATTACKS AGAINST ASIAN AMERICANS ARE DISTURBING, BUT WHY ARE WE SURPRISED?

WHAT DO YOU THINK HAPPENS NEXT IN A SOCIETY WHEN WE'VE NORMALIZED XENOPHOBIA AT THE HIGHEST LEVELS?

DON'T OVERLOOK THE PAIN THOSE AROUND YOU ARE EXPERIENCING ON A DAILY BASIS.

LETS PUT AN END TO THIS VIOLENCE AND HATE TOGETHER >> Braude: HOW DO WE PUT AN END TO THIS VIOLENCE AND HATE, RYAN?

>> I DEFINITELY BELIEVE THERE ARE MULTIPLE APPROACHES THAT ONE CAN TAKE.

THERE ISN'T JUST ONE SOLUTION.

BUT SOMETHING THAT DOES NEED TO BE DONE IS, HUMANIZING ASIAN-AMERICANS.

HUMANIZING AAPI PEOPLE AND UNDERSTANDING, LISTENING TO THEIR STORIES, HOLDING EVENTS SUCH AS A RALLY OR A DISCUSSION OR A FORUM THAT ENCOURAGES PEOPLE TO SEE ASIAN AMERICANS AS EQUAL, AS AT THE SAMEñr LEVEL, AS DESERVING OF A VOICE, AND AS DESERVING OF PEACE, AS MUCH AS ANYONE ELSE.

BECAUSE THEY ARE AS AMERICAN AS ANYONE ELSE.

FOR ME, PERSONALLY, WHEN I SHARED MY STORIES OF MY FAMILY'S REFG EXPERIENCE AT THEFAMILY'SREFUGEE EXPERIENCE, IT HEAPED ME LESS OF A FACE AS A STATISTIC, LESS OF SOMEONE WHO'S AN ASIAN JUST OUT THERE AND NOT CONNECTED BECAUSE I FEEL DEEPLY CONNECTED TO MY HERITAGE AND MY PEOPLE.

BUT AT THE SAME TIME I FEEL DEEPLY CONNECTED TO THE AMERICAN IDENTITY AND THAT AMERICAN DIASPORA.

SO THE MORE WE GET PEOPLE TO REALIZE THAT THESE ARE OUR PEERS AND NOT SOME FOREIGN ENTITY THE MORE WE CAN START GIVING ASIAN AMERICANS A VOICE.

AND SEEING A DECREASE IN HATE CRIMES.

BEINGS >> Braude: RYAN DOAN NGUYEN IT'S A PLEASURE TO MEET YOU.

ROBERT TRESTAN, THANK YOU BOTH SO MUCH.

>> I APPRECIATE IT.

>> Braude: OVER THE PAST YEAR COVID HAS TRANSFORMED THE WAY WE LIVE, CREATING BRAND-NEW HABITS AND DISRUPTING ROUTINES WE USED TO TAKE FOR GRANTED.

NOW, WITH THE END OF THE PANDEMIC SEEMINGLY IN SIGHT, THERE COULD BE LASTING IMPLICATIONS FOR THE BUILDINGS WHERE WE SPEND BIG CHUNKS OF OUR LIVES.

ADAM REILLY HAS MORE.ñr >> Reporter: IF YOU WORK, OR USED TO, IN A RELATIVELY NEW BUILDING - LIKE GBH HEADQUARTERS - THE WINDOWS AROUND YOUR DESK PROBABLY DON'T OPEN.

FOR A COUPLE GOOD REASONS, SAYS ARCHITECT RUSSEL FELDMAN.

>> WE'VE BECOME INCREASINGLY CONCERNED WITH ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND THE IMPACT OF COURSE ON OUR OPERATING COSTS.

>> Reporter: BUT RIGHT NOW, SO-CALLED INOPERABLE WINDOWS ARE A PUBLIC-HEALTH LIABILITY, SINCE LESS AIR FLOW MEANS MORE RISK FROM THE VIRUS.

THINKS THAT IMPACT WILL ABIDE.

>> WE'RE GOING TO SEE A LOT OF CONVERSIONS OF CURRENT SEALED BUILDINGS INTO BUILDINGS THAT WOULD HAVE WINDOWS THAT OPEN.

>> Reporter: ALONG WITH NEW BUILDINGS WHEREÑi THEY OPEN AS A MATTER OF COURSE.

AND THAT'S NOT THE ONLY WAY THE WORKPLACE MAY GET AIRIER.çó >> Reporter: A NUMBER OF OFFICE BUILDINGS HAVE BEEN LOOKING TO PROVIDE OUTDOOR SPACE FOR THEIR TENANTS.

SPECIFICALLY, SAYS THE BOSTON PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY'S MICHAEL CANNIZZO, ROOF DECKS, WHICH USED TO BE A MOSTLY RESIDENTIAL AMENITY.

THERE ARE TWO RELATED IMPULSES HERE: A PUSH TO MAKE OFFICES HEALTHIER AND, MUCH MORE INVITING, AS SOME WONDER IF THEY'RE STILL NECESSARY AT ALL.

>> WHEN THE BUSINESS COMMUNITY SAYS IT'S TIME TO COME BACK TO THE WORKPLACE, THE QUESTION IS-WHY?

WHAT IS IT ABOUT THE WORKPLACE THAT'S GOING TO MAKE YOU WANT TO COME BACK?

>> Reporter: ARCHITECT MIKE DAVIS AND HIS COLLEAGUES ARE TRYING TO ANSWER THAT QUESTION THEMSELVES, CREATING DECENTRALIZED WORK AREAS, AND CURATED COMMON SPACES WHERE EMPLOYEES DO THE DECORATING.

IN OTHER WORDS - THEY'RE MAKING THEIR OFFICE MORE LIKE HOME.

OF COURSE, OFFICES WERE JUST ONE PART OF BOSTON'S PRE-PANDEMIC BUILDING BOOM.

RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS WERE A DRIVER, TOO-- AND THEY'RE ALSO GETTING A RETHINK.

SPENDING A LOT OF MORE TIME IN OUR HOMES, YOU START TO NOTICE THINGS YOU DIDN'T DO BEFORE AND CREATE FOR CERTAIN THINGS.

>> Reporter: LIKE FRESH AIR AND OPEN SPACE.

AT 2147 WASHINGTON STREET, IN BOSTON'S NUBIAN SQUARE, THEY'LL BE FURNISHED BY AN INTERIOR COURTYARD THAT WILL ALSO BE OPEN TO THE PUBLIC.

>> ANYONE FROM THE NEIGHBORHOOD CAN COME TO THAT COURTYARD, AND ENJOY IT AND HAVE, WITH DISTANCE BETWEEN THEMSELVES AND OTHERS, FRESH AIR AND DAYLIGHT.

>> Reporter: BUT INSIDE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS, THE RECENT VOGUE FOR BIG, SHARED SPACES MAY BE OVER.

EVEN BEFORE COVID, DESIGNER LINDSAY BACH SAYS.

>> AT THE LARGE COMMUNAL TABLE, ONCE ONE PERSON WAS THERE, NEB ELSE WANTS TO SIT THERE.

>> Reporter: SHE PREDICTS A SURGE IN NEW, PRIVATE SPACES INSIDE THOSE COMMON AREAS - ASSEMBLED AND REASSEMBLED THROUGHOUT THE DAY.

>> CO-WORKING BY DAY, AND THEN OPEN IT UP AND IT'S DINING BY NIGHT.

>> Reporter: THE LIST OF POSSIBLE CHANGES GOES ON.

BUILDINGS NEAR THE T MIGHT NOT BE AS MUCH OF A NO-BRAINER AS IT WAS.

AT RESTAURANTS, WALK-UP WINDOWS AND OUTDOOR DINING COULD BE HERE TO STAY.

AND IF ENOUGH PEOPLE KEEP WORKING FROM HOME, EMPTY OFFICES MIGHT BE CONVERTED INTO HOUSING.

ONE THING SEEMS CERTAIN: BUILDINGS DESIGNED AFTER COVID WON'T BE THE SAME AS BUILDINGS DESIGNED BEFORE.

ADAM REILLY, GBH NEWS.

>> Reggie: BE.

>> Axelrod: WHILE ALL THOSE CHANGES MAY TAKE A WHILE TO BECOME EVIDENT, BOSTON HAS ALREADY SEEN ONE SHIFT OVER THE COURSE OF THIS YEAR, LESS INTEREST IN NEW OFFICE AND RESIDENTIAL PROJECTS, AND A LOT MORE INTEREST IN LAB SPACE.

OF COURSE, THAT'S A CHANGE THAT COULD FADE AWAY AS PEOPLE GET VACCINATED, AND LIFE SLOWLY RETURNS TO SOMETHING LIKE WHAT IT WAS.

>>> AND FINALLY TONIGHT, A LITTLE BIT OF WHAT YOU HAVE BEEN SENDING IN DURING THESE PANDEMIC TIMES.

RICHARD SENT IN THIS PAINTING HE CREATED COMMEMORATING THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR DISASTER.

SUSAN SAID THIS ROBIN STOPPED BY HER HEATED, I REPEAT, HEATED, BIRD BATH, TELLING HER THAT SPRING IS HERE.

AND LASTLY, JANE SPOTTED THIS SIGN AT A BELMONT CHURCH, THAT READS: TWEET OTHERS AS YOU WOULD LIKE TO BE TWEETED HOW TWUE.

IF YOU HAVE SOMETHING YOU'D LIKE TO SHARE WITH US, USE THE ADDRESSES ON YOUR SCREEN.

WE ALSO RECEIVED A TON OF FEEDBACK ON MY MAKE DAYLIGHT SAVING YEAR-ROUND COMMENTARY THE OTHER NIGHT.

MANY OF YOU AGREED WITH ME LIKE PAM AND CARL WHO WROTE IN: KEEP UP THE GOOD FIGHT.

MURIEL SAID SHE'S LOOKING FORWARD TO HAVING LONGER DAYS - YOU AND ME BOTH, MURIEL.

AND CYNTHIA TOLD US: I'M NOT AFFECTED BY THE DAYLIGHT ONE WAY OR ANOTHER.

I HAVE THIS CUTE LITTLE SEIKO DIGITAL CLOCK THAT I CAN'T CHANGE THE TIME ON TO SAVE MY LIFE.

LET ME SET IT ONCE AND FOR ALL.

I'D BE HAPPY TO NEVER CHANGE THE MICROWAVE CLOCK, MYSELF.

BUT THERE WERE THOSE WHO DON'T MIND SHIFTING TIME BACK AND FORTH.

LIKE LARRY AND KARL, LARRY WROTE IN: AM I THE ONLY ONE CONCERNED ABOUT YOUNG CHILDREN GOING TO BUS STOPS IN THE PITCH DARK?

AND KARL SAID: MASSACHUSETTS TRIED THIS BACK IN THE 70s AS A WAY TO SAVE OIL DURING THE CRISIS.

IT WAS A DISASTER FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN GOING TO SCHOOL IN THE DARK.

THINK WAITING FOR THE BUS OR WALKING TO SCHOOL IN THE DARK.

OKAY, GENTLEMEN.

BUT AS I'VE MENTIONED BEFORE, WE CAN FIX THAT - PUSH BACK SCHOOL START TIMES - SOMETHING WE SHOULD DO ANYWAY.

OR GIVE THEM A LITTLE TAX-PAYER FUNDED MINER'S HAT WITH A LIGHT ON IT SO THEY CAN SEE THEIR WAY TO THE BUS.

THAT'S IT FOR TONIGHT, BUT COME BACK TOMORROW, MASS GENERAL HOSPITAL PRESIDENT DOCTOR PETER SLAVIN WILL JOIN ME, A YEAR AFTER HE SAID ON TV WE NEED TO THINK ABOUT RESPONDING TO COVID IN AN ALMOST WARLIKE STANCE.

PLUS, WASHINGTON POST PERSONAL FINANCE COLUMNIST MICHELLE SINGLETARY ON THE IMPACT OF THOSE $1,400 STIMULUS CHECKS, AND HOW TO BE SURE YOU GET YOURS.

THAT AND MORE, TOMORROW AT SEVEN.

THANKS FOR WATCHING - AND STAY SAFE.

♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ Captioned by Media Access Group at WGBH access.wgbh.org