THIS PROGRAM IS MADE BY MPT TO SERVE ALL OF OUR DIVERSE COMMUNITIES AND IS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF OUR MEMBERS.

THANK YOU.

[♪♪] LIVE FROM MARYLAND PUBLIC TELEVISION, THIS IS "DIRECT CONNECTION" WITH JEFF SALKIN.

♪♪] >> JEFF: GOOD EVENING AND WELCOME TO YOUR "DIRECT CONNECTION."

COMING UP TONIGHT, HAVE SPORTS BECOME TOO ALL CONSUMING FOR YOUNG PEOPLE?

AND NEWS ABOUT A FREE CERTIFICATE COURSE IN ALPHONSO L INTELLIGENCE.

FIRST, TONIGHT, THE TARIFF WARS CONTINUE, JOINING US IS PROFESSOR KISLAYA PRASAD, THE DIRECTOR FOR THE CENTER OF GLOBAL BUSINESS AT MARYLAND'S ROBTD H. SMITH SCHOOL OF BUSINESS.

THE LATEST ON THE TARIFFS THE PRESIDENT TALKING TODAY ABOUT POSSIBLY EXEMPTING THE AUTO INDUSTRY PREVIOUSLY, EXEMPTED THE ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY WHERE DO YOU THINK ALL THIS STANDS?

>> YES.

SO OF COURSE, THE PRESIDENT WENT BACK ON THE RECIPROCAL TARIFFS BUT STILL LEFT VERY HIGH, 125% TARIFFS ON CHINESE IMPORTS.

THERE ARE LOTS OF GOODS THAT WE GET PRIMARILY FROM CHINA.

THE iPHONE FOR INSTANCE, 80% COME FROM CHINA.

THERE WAS GREAT PRESSURE FROM THE ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY TO GET CONCESSIONS THERE.

AND THAT CAME ABOUT.

HE FIRST IN A SORT OF DELAYED THOSE TARIFFS.

BUT THEN AFTER THAT ALSO SAID THAT THAT'S ONLY TEMPORARY.

THEN, I BELIEVE, THE PRESIDENT AND HIS TEAM HAVE BEEN UNDER A LOT OF PRESSURE FROM THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AS WELL.

AND THE AUTOMOTIVE TARIFFS ARE FROM CHINA, OF COURSE, VERY HIGH FROM ANYWHERE ELSE IN THE WORLD THEY ARE AT 25%.

SO THAT'S BEEN GREAT PRESSURE THERE.

AND I THINK, HE INDICATED AT THAT TIME HE MIGHT MOVE ON THAT FRONT AS WELL.

AGAIN, YOU KNOW, THERE IS THE IDEA OF WE DON'T KNOW WHETHER THAT'S GOING TO BE PERMANENT, TEMPORARY, HOW LONG, SO THAT'S GREAT UNCERTAINTY ABOUT WHAT EXACTLY THE FUTURE HOLDS WITH RESPECT TO AUTOMOBILES AND ALSO SOME OF THESE OTHER GOODS THAT HAVE BEEN EXEMPTED.

>> Jeff: WHY DO YOU BELIEVE THE FINANCIAL MARKETS HAVE BEEN SO SAKE EN BY THIS -- SHAKEN BY THIS ESPECIALLY TODAY R SEWED EPISODE?

>> I THINK THE FINANCIAL MARKETS LIKE CERTAINTY AND UNCERTAINTY IS THE ONE THING WHICH PREVENTS THEM TO PLAN.

FOR INSTANCE, ONE UNCERTAINTY IS WHETHER THESE TARIFFS ARE ONLY A BARGAINING PLOY OR WHETHER THEY ARE EXPECTED TO LAST FOR A VERY LONG TIME.

IF THE LATTER IS THE CASE THEN IT MAKES SENSE TO MOVE MORE OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN HERE.

BUT IF IT IS A BARGAINING PLOY, AND Mr. HASET FROM THE PRESIDENT'S ECONOMIC TEAM SUGGESTED AS MUCH TODAY THAT THEY ARE TALKING TO LOTS OF COUNTRIES ABOUT DEALS, IF IT'S JUST A BARGAINING PLOY IT MAKES NO SENSE FOR COMPANIES TO MOVE PRODUCTION.

SO THEY ARE CAUGHT IN THIS TIME OF INDECISION WHETHER TO AND HOW TO REACT TO ONGOING DEVELOPMENTS.

AND I THINK THE MARKET REACTS TO SMALL BITS OF NEWS IN EXTREME FASHION.

WE'VE SEEN THESE WIDE FLUCTUATIONS AS WELL.

BUT IT'S THE UNCERTAINTY STHOOR REMIND OUR VIEWERS IF YOU HAVE A QUESTION E-MAIL IT TO LIVE QUESTIONS AT MPT.ORG.

DO YOU THINK WE'RE TAKEN ADVANTAGE OF BY SOME OF OUR TRADING PARTNERS?

IT IS A LOPSIDED NUMBER HOW MUCH STUFF WE IMPORT FROM CHINA VERSUS HOW MUCH THEY IMPORT FROM US.

AND YOU THINK BACK TO A TIME WHERE ESPECIALLY IN THE BALTIMORE AREA WE USED TO MAKE STUFF.

WE MADE VEHICLES WOORKS WE MADE STEEL AND SHIPS AND ELECTRONICS NEAR THE PORT OF BALTIMORE.

AND JUST ALL OF THAT IS GONE.

>> THAT IS SORT OF DEFINITELY TRUE.

LOTS OF COMMUNITIES ACROSS THE UNITED STATES NOT JUST IN OUR REGION, HAVE BEEN ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY THE EVENTS OF THE LAST 20, 30 YEARS.

AND PARTICULARLY AFTER WE STARTED TRADING WITH CHINA IN A BIG WAY.

SO CHINA, OF COURSE, HAS MUCH LOWER WAGES, BUT ALSO THEY HAVE JUST THIS VAST VERY ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY IN PLACES TO PUT GOODS TOGETHER AND TO PRODUCE IN A VERY EFFICIENT WAY.

AND WE HAVEN'T BEEN COMPETITIVE.

SO I THINK, PERHAPS SOMETHING NEEDED TO BE DONE THERE.

I WILL POINT OUT, THOUGH, THAT WHAT THE U.S. ECONOMY HAS DONE IS MOVED UP THE VALUE STREAM SO WE ARE ACTUALLY MUCH OF OUR INTERACTION WITH OTHER COUNTRIES IS SERVICES.

AND SERVICES AREN'T PART OF THE NUMBERS THAT THE PRESIDENT QUOTE IS PURELY ABOUT TRADING GOODS.

SO WHEN YOU LOOK AT COMPANIES LIKE APPLE, THE DESIGN AND ET CETERA IS DONE IN THE U.S.

BUT THE PRODUCTION LARGE PROPORTION OF THE PROFITS COME BACK TO OUR COUNTRY.

SO IT HASN'T BEEN BAD FOR THE COUNTRY.

BUT FOR COMMUNITIES, ESPECIALLY FOR WORKERS, IT HAS BEEN BAD AND SOMETHING NEEDED TO BE DONE ABOUT IT.

AND BRINGING SOME OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN BACK, I DON'T THINK IN ITSELF IS A BAD IDEA.

I THINK THE WAY THE POLICY IS BEING EXECUTED IS PERHAPS SOMETHING THAT I THINK COULD HAVE BEEN DONE MUCH BETTER.

>> Jeff: AS YOU MENTIONED BEFORE IF SOMEBODY WAS GOING TO RESUME ELECTRONICS MANUFACTURING ON BURNING HIGHWAY IN BALTIMORE THEY HAVE TO BE REALLY CERTAIN THAT THE TARIFF ENVIRONMENT WAS GOING TO BE STABLE FOR A LONG PERIOD OF TIME.

NOT DAYS, DECADES, BEFORE THEY MADE THAT INVESTMENT?

ABSOLUTELY.

SO FACTORY CANNOT BE PUT IN PLACE OVERNIGHT.

SO IT TAKES TIME.

TO PLAN, FINANCE, AND THEN GET ALL OF YOUR EQUIPMENT AND THEN START YOUR -- GET YOUR SUPPLY CHAINS IN ORDER ALL WITHIN THE U.S. HOPEFULLY.

BUT YOU KNOW, BUT THAT'S THE POINT IF IT'S JUST GOING TO BE A BARGAINING PLOY THERE IS NO CERTAINTY THIS IS GOING TO CONTINUE OR PERSIST.

THEN THAT'S PROBLEMATIC.

>> Jeff: DO YOU SEE IT AS INFLATIONARY BIG INFLATION, LITTLE TEMPORARY INFLATION WHAT SHOULD WE LOOK FORWARD TO?

>> TARIFFS BY THEMSELVES ARE GOING TO GIVE US A ONE-TIME INCREASE IN PRICES.

INFLATION WOULD BE A MUCH MORE SUSTAINED PROCESS OF PRICES GOING UP CONTINUALLY.

AND IT'S NOT CERTAIN THAT THAT IS WHAT WOULD HAPPEN UNLESS IT GAVE RISE TO OTHER PROCESSES SUCH AS WORKERS THEN DEMANDING HIGHER WAGES AND HIGHER WAGES LEADING TO HIGHER PRICES AND YOU GET INTO THAT SPIRAL CYCLE.

BARRING SOMETHING LIKE THAT IT WOULD BE -- LIKELY BE ONE-TIME INCREASE IN PRICES BUT IT COULD BE A SUBSTANTIAL ONE.

BECAUSE IT'S NOT JUST TARIFFS ARE NOT JUST IMPOSED ON FINAL GOODS BUT BARKS ALL OF THAT ACCUMULATES TO POSSIBLY, PROBABLY, A VERY HIGH INCREASE IN PRICES.

THERE IS, OF COURSE, ALWAYS THE RISK THAT IS SETS OFF A SPIRAL OF PERPETUALLY INCREASING PRICES.

AND THAT WOULD REQUIRE THE FEDERAL RESERVE AND OTHERS TO BASICALLY SLOW DOWN ACTIVITY IN THE UNITED STATES TO GET THE PRICE INCREASES UNDER CONTROL.

>> Jeff: I KNOW ECONOMISTS ARE FAMOUS FOR HAVING THE SAYING GOES PREDICTED NINE OF THE LAST TWO RECESSIONS OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT.

DO YOU SEE RECESSION RISK HERE?

>> SO, YOU KNOW, I THINK TO SPEAK OF RECESSION RISK I LIKE TO THINK OF IT IN TERMS OF ODDS AS OPPOSED TO A CERTAINTY.

ONE IS LIKELY TO BE PROVED WRONG.

IF YOU SPEAK OF UNCERTAINTIES BUT I WOULD SAY THAT THE RISK IS HAS GONE UP AND IT'S HIGHER THAN 50% CHANCE NOW.

I THINK LOTS OF ECONOMISTS WOULD AGREE.

AND PART OF THAT IS A POINT WE DISCUSSED, THAT INVESTMENTS ARE ON HOLD AS PEOPLE WAIT FOR SOME OF THIS UNCERTAINTY TO RESOLVE.

THE KIND OF SITUATION WE ARE IN JUST NOW, IF THIS WAS TO CONTINUE FOR A LONGTIME, ONE WOULD EXPECT TO SEE REDUCTIONS IN INVESTMENTS.

SIMILARLY, PEOPLE ARE EXPECTING IF PEOPLE START EXPECTING A RECESSION AND WE'VE SEEN THE CONSUMER CONFIDENCE NUMBERS THAT CAME OUT LAST FRIDAY THAT HAVE CONTINUALLY BEEN GOING DOWN.

>> Jeff: WE HAVE TO LEAVE IT THERE.

KISLAYA PRASAD UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND'S ROBERT H. SMITH'S SCHOOL OF BUSINESS.

THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

>> THANK YOU, MY PLEASURE.

[♪♪] >> Jeff: ON THE BOOK BEAT THIS WEEK OUR GUEST IS DIONNE KOLLER, THE AUTHOR OF "MORE THAN PLAY: HOW LAW, POLICY AND POLITIC SHAPE AMERICAN YOUTH SPORT".

THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.

YOU REFER TO A YOUTH SPORT SURPLUS WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY THAT?

>> WELL, I'M GLAD YOU ASKED THAT, JEFF, BECAUSE IT'S SOMETHING THAT ANY PARENT INVOLVED OR HAS THEIR CHILDREN INVOLVED IN YOUTH SPORTS WILL KNOW ABOUT BUT WE DON'T OFTEN USE THAT TERM.

WHAT I MEAN AND WHAT I TALK ABOUT IS A SURPLUS IS CREATED BECAUSE OUR KIDS ARE DOING MUCH MORE WORK IN YOUTH SPORTS THAN THEY NEED TO BE DOING TO GET THE BENEFITS THE GOOD THINGS WE KNOW THAT SPORTS PARTICIPATION CAN PROVIDE.

AND THE IDEA OF A SURPLUS IS SOMETHING THAT WE SEE FOR INSTANCE AT THE PROFESSIONAL OR THE COLLEGE LEVEL OF SPORTS WHICH IS YOU HAVE ATHLETES WORKING IN SPORTS AND IT GENERATES ADDITIONAL MONEY, ADDITIONAL MEDIA EXPOSURE, ADDITIONAL ATTENTION OVER AND ABOVE THE FUN, THE ATHLETE MIGHT BE HAVING WHILE PLAYING THE GAME.

WHAT I DO I SAY THAT'S NOT SOMETHING THAT IS JUST HAPPENING AT HIGHER LEVELS OF SPORT, IT'S HAPPENING IN THE YOUTH SPORT LEVEL AS WELL.

BECAUSE KIDS ARE TRAVELING AND COMPETING AND TRAINING AND DOING SO MUCH MORE THAN THEY WOULD NEED TO DO TO JUST HAVE FUN AND DEVELOPMENT.

>> >> Jeff: WE'RE PUSHING KIDS TOO HARD IS THAT WHAT YOU ARE SAYING?

AND IS THAT A NEW THINGS?

>> IT IS NOT A NEW THING AT ALL.

AND ONE OF THE THINGS THAT SURPRISED ME WHEN I DID THE RESEARCH FOR THE BOOK IS THAT THE CRITIQUE OF YOUTH SPORTS THAT IT'S MAYBE TOO MUCH THEN KIDS MANY KIDS ARE READY TO HANDLE DEVELOPMENTALLY, IT LEADS TO BURN-OUT IT'S TOO MUCH FOCUS ON ONE SPORT ALL THE COMPLAINTS WE HEAR TODAY GO BACK TO THE PROGRESSIVE ERA.

TO THE EARLY 1900'S WHERE PEOPLE WERE SOUNDING THE ALARM SAYING KIDS ARE DOING TOO MUCH COMPETING, TOO MUCH EMPHASIS ON WINNING.

THEY ARE WORKING TOO HARD.

THESE ARE NOT NEW IDEAS THAT KIDS CAN BE DOING TOO MUCH.

AND THAT SPORT CAN BECOMING TOO EXPENSIVE FOR KIDS.

I THINK IT'S ONE OF THE THINGS THAT INTERESTED ME IN WRITING THE BOOK BECAUSE THIS ISN'T NEW WHY HAVEN'T WE DONE ANYTHING ABOUT IT.

>> Jeff: ON THE PLUS SIDE, NOT A NEW IDEA EITHER, THE EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG PEOPLE OUGHT TO INCLUDE PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND YOU ARE NOT ONLY IN SHAPE YOU ARE LEARNING ABOUT TEAMWORK AND THERE ARE SOCIAL SKILLS AND SO FOR THE.

>> THAT IS ONE OF THE THINGS I HIGHLIGHT AND ONE OF THE THINGS THAT DID SURPRISE ME, JEFF, WE KNOW THERE ARE SO MANY GREAT THINGS THAT ATTACH TO KIDS BEING PHYSICAL AND PHYSICAL PLAY.

GOING OUT AND PLAYING WITH THEIR FRIENDS GETTING INVOLVED IN SPORTS GETTING EXERCISE KIDS NEED MORE NOT LESS.

BUT WHAT SURPRISED ME WHAT THE DATA SHOW IS THAT THERE ISN'T A LOT OF RESEARCH THAT SAYS THAT THE PARTICULAR MODEL THAT PREDOMINATES IN THE U.S. TODAY, THE OVERTRAINING, THE OVERCOMPETING THAT THAT PARTICULAR MODEL IS NECESSARY FOR THESE BENEFITS.

YOU CAN DO A WHOLE LOT LESS TRAVEL COMPETITION AND YOUR KIDS CAN GET ALL THOSE GREAT BENEFITS FROM SPORTS.

WE KNOW EXERCISE BENEFITS KIDS.

BUT WHAT WE'RE DOING TODAY WITH KIDS IN AN EXPENSIVE AND OVERLY PROFESSIONALIZED SYSTEM NOT NECESSARY AND THE DATA IS NOT THERE TO SUPPORT THAT IT IS.

>> Jeff: IS THERE A VILLAIN IN THIS STORY?

OR IS IT SOMETHING THAT SORT OF GREW ORGANICALLY MAYBE RELATED TO THE IDEA AT THAT TIME THE COST OF COLLEGE HAS ACCELERATED WAY AHEAD OF INFLATION OVER THE PAST FEW DECADES.

AND SPORTS IS A WAY FOR PEOPLE TO GET THEIR KIDS THROUGH COLLEGE POTENTIALLY FOR LESS.

>> WELL, CERTAINLY THERE'S THAT DRAW AND THAT IS ALWAYS IN THE BACK OF PARENTS' MINDS BUT THAT APPLIES TO SO FEW CHILDREN RELATIVE TO THE MILLIONS WHO GET INVOLVED IN SPORTS.

NO, IN THIS BOOK, I DON'T SEE THERE IS A VILLAIN.

AND I DON'T DEMONIZE YOUTH SPORT PROVIDERS, THE YOUTH SPORT INDUSTRY OR ANYBODY INVOLVED IN YOUTH SPORTS.

I WAS AN ATHLETE AS A CHILD I PUT MY KIDS EAGERLY AND ENTHUSIASTICALLY IN YOUTH SPORTS.

MY HUSBAND WAS A COACH.

SO THERE IS A LOT OF GOOD HAPPENING IN YOUTH SPORTS.

BUT WHAT I TALK ABOUT IN THE BOOK IS THAT MANY PARENTS DO NOT REALIZE UNLIKE NEARLY ANY OTHER PRODUCT OR EXPERIENCE THAT TOUCHES OUR CHILDREN, THERE'S REALLY VERY LITTLE REGULATION SOMETIMES NONE AT ALL FOR YOUTH SPORTS.

SO PARENTS ASSUME IT'S ALWAYS A SAFE EXPERIENCE, IT'S ALWAYS A GOOD EXPERIENCE SO THERE'S NO VILLAIN IT'S MORE LIKE THERE IS A LACK OF AWARENESS.

SO THE SYSTEM KEEPS SORT OF REPEATING THE SAME THINGS THAT WE'VE BEEN CONCERNED ABOUT NOW FOR DECADES.

>> Jeff: YOU DO HEAR A LOT ABOUT EARLY SPECIALIZATION BEING A PROBLEM.

STAY WITH BASEBALL, THAT YOU ARE GOING TO BE A PITCHER AND YOU ARE GOING TO GET YOUR FASTBALL UP TO 90 SOME-MILES-PER-HOUR AND PEOPLE ARE GETTING ELBOW SURGERY IN HIGH SCHOOL?

>> THAT'S RIGHT.

THAT'S RIGHT.

BASEBALL WAS ONE OF THE FIRST SPORTS THAT REALLY SOUNDED THE ALARM AROUND KIDS AND THE IDEA OF OVERTRAINING AND EARLY SPORTS SPECIALIZATION, BECAUSE CHILDREN WERE JUST BLOWING OUT THEIR ARMS.

YOU HAD RELATIVELY WELL MEANING BUT NOT WELL-TRAINED COACHES WHO WERE SAYING IF YOU ARE A GOOD PITCHER KID, JUST PITCH MORE.

AND NOW, WE ROUTINELY HAVE KIDS ON PITCH COUNTS AND SO BASEBALL HAS TRIED TO TAKE STEPS TO REDUCE WHAT THE MEDICAL COMMUNITY CALLS AN EPIDEMIC OF YOUTH SPORT OVERTRAINING INJURIES.

SO BASEBALL HAS BRIGHT SPOTS IN THAT REGARD ACROSS MOST SPORTS KIDS WHO ARE INVOLVED IN YOUTH SPORTS TODAY VERY OFTEN OVERTRAINING AND SPECIALIZING IN A SPORT YEAR-ROUND AND WE KNOW IF YOU WANT YOUR KID TO BE A GREAT ATHLETE WHAT THE RESEARCH SHOWS YOU DON'T WANT TO DO THAT.

BECAUSE WHAT WILL HAPPEN IS AND THE DATA SHOWS THIS YEAR IN AND YEAR OUT, KIDS GET BURNED OUT THEIR BODIES ARE USED UP AND BY ABOUT THE AGE OF 13, MOST KIDS WILL QUIT SPORTS.

>> Jeff: SO YOU ARE A LAW PROFESSOR AND THE DIRECTOR OF A CENTER FOR SPORTS AND THE LAW AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BALTIMORE.

IS THERE A LEGAL ANGLE TO THIS STORY?

>> WELL, THERE IS A LEGAL ANGLE.

AND ACTUALLY WHAT IS INTERESTING IS THAT I TALK ABOUT IN THE BOOK AS A LAW PROFESSOR ONE OF THE THINGS THAT MADE ME WANT TO WRITE THE BOOK I TEACH SPORTS LAW AND WE DON'T TEACH ABOUT YOUTH SPOTS AND -- SPORTS AND I SAID WHY NOT WHERE IS THE LAW?

AND THE ANSWER IS THERE'S NOT MUCH LAW AT ALL.

THE COMBINATION AS I TALK ABOUT IN THE BOOK OF THE U.S. LAW PREFERENCE FOR PARENTAL AUTHORITY AND PARENTS HAVING A SAY, OBVIOUSLY OBVIOUS REASONS AND THE LAWS PREFERENCE TO STAY OUT OF SPORTS AT ALL LEVELS MEANS THAT YOUTH SPORT DOESN'T HAVE A LOT OF LAW IN TERMS OF MINIMUM SAFETY STANDARDS AND REQUIRING COACH BACKGROUND CHECKS AND CERTIFICATIONS AND THE LIKE.

THE LEGAL STORY IS NOT HERE IS WHAT THE LAW IS, BUT AS I SAY IN THE BOOK THERE'S AN ARGUMENT THERE'S FAR TOO LITTLE.

>> Jeff: WHAT WOULD YOUR ADVICE BE TO A PARENT WATCHING A GRANDPARENT OF A YOUNG PERSON FOR HAVING THE BENEFITS OUT OF YOUTH SPORTS WITHOUT SOME OF THE DOWNSIDES?

>> WELL, I THINK AND THIS HAPPENED TO ME, JEFF, AS I WAS A PARENT, YOU GET CAUGHT UP IN THE SYSTEM AND YOU START TO THINK THIS IS THE WAY IT HAS TO BE.

THE COACH SAYS WE HAVE TO GO TO THAT HOCKEY TOURNAMENT IN PITTSBURGH SO I GUESS WE HAVE TO GO AND IT WILL COST THIS MUCH MONEY AND WE NEED THE EXTRA LESSONS.

I THINK PARENTS AND GRANDS PARENTS CAN BE PROACTIVE IN YOUTH SPORTS IN TWO WAYS.

FIRST, YOU CAN BE PROACTIVE ON THE STATE LEVEL.

YOU CAN TALK TO YOUR LEGISLATORS AND SAY WHY DON'T YOU PASS A LAW THAT REQUIRES MINIMUM BACKGROUND CHECKS FOR COACHES?

OR SAFETY STANDARDS OR SAFETY TRAINING.

YOU CAN GET INVOLVED TO DO MORE FROM THAT PERSPECTIVE.

IN TERMS OF WHAT YOUR KIDS ARE DOING EVERYDAY, WHAT I WOULD SAY IS THE RESEARCH IS REALLY, REALLY CLEAR.

YOUR KIDS DON'T HAVE TO OVERTRAIN.

YOU DON'T HAVE TO SPEND A LOT OF MONEY.

THEY SHOULDN'T BE SPECIALIZING THE AN EARLY AGE.

YOU CAN DO LESS IN YOUTH SPORTS AND IF YOUR CHILD IS THE NEXT LEBRON JAMES OR MICHAEL PHELPS, THEY WILL EMERGE.

AND SO YOU CAN CAN BE ACTIVE AND PUSHBACK IF YOU FEEL THAT YOUTH SPORTS HAS BECOME TOO MUCH FOR YOUR CHILD OR YOUR FAMILY.

>> Jeff: DO THE COACHES SOMETIMES GO OVERBOARD?

AND DO WE ACCEPT A LITTLE BIT TOO MUCH?

I DON'T KNOW THAT IT'S HAZING BUT TOO MUCH PRESSURE ON THE KIDS COMING FROM COACHES?

>> WELL, I DON'T WANT TO BLAME COACHES IN THE BOOK I DON'T VILLAINIZE COACHES BUT I SAY WE HAVE A SYSTEM THAT HAS GROWN-UP AROUND YOUTH SPORTS WHERE WE DON'T PRIORITIZE COACH CERTIFICATION AND COACH EDUCATION.

SO OUR COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES IN MARYLAND WE HAVE SO MANY COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES AND I'VE TALKED ABOUT FOR A LONGTIME IT WOULD MAKE SENSE GIVEN THE WAY WE HAVE SPORTS TEAMS EMBEDDED IN COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES TO HAVE PROGRAMS TO EDUCATE PEOPLE WHO WANT TO GROW UP AND BE COLLEGE OR HIGH SCHOOL OR YOUTH SPORT COACHES.

TEACH THEM HOW TO COACH.

WHAT WE HAVE TODAY IS MOST COACHES MY HUSBAND INCLUDED, ARE WELL MINDED DADS WHO ARE VOLUNTEERING AND DOING THE BEST THEY CAN.

AND WHAT THEY ARE DOING IS REPEATING THE TYPE OF COACHING THAT THEY HAD AS KIDS.

A LOT OF TIMES THAT CAN BE GREAT AND IT CAN BE FINE AND CERTAINLY THERE ARE LOTS OF GOOD PEOPLE DOING THAT BUT WE CAN DO BETTER.

THERE IS A SCIENCE TO COACHING WE CAN TEACH PEOPLE HOW TO COACH BETTER.

TODAY'S COACHES AREN'T VILLAINS.

BUT WHEN THEY ENCOURAGE KIDS TO TRAIN MORE A LOT OF TIMES THEY DO NOT REALIZE THOSE AREN'T THE MESSAGES THAT KIDS NEED.

>> Jeff: DIONNE KOLLER THE AUTHOR OF "MORE THAN PLAY: HOW LAW, POLICY AND POLITIC SHAPE AMERICAN YOUTH SPORT".

THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.

>> THANKS FOR HAVING ME, JEFF.

>> Jeff: NOW, THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND IS OFFERING CERTIFICATES IN A.I.

TO FEDERAL WORKERS.

JOINING US NOW IS PROFESSOR BALAJI PADMANABHAN, PROFESSOR THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

>> THANK YOU SO MUCH, JEFF FOR HAVING ME TODAY.

>> Jeff: YOU ARE DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN BUSINESS.

TELL US FIRST ABOUT THAT CENTER?

>> WE STARTED IT ABOUT A YEAR BACK AT THE SMITH SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND.

AND THIS WAS AT A TIME IN THE UNIVERSITY HAD LAUNCHED A UNIVERSITY WIDE INSTITUTE ALLED AIM.

AND OUR GOAL IS TO SPECIFICALLY HELP BUSINESSES AND THE COMMUNITY AS WELL.

AND WHEN WE LOOK AT COMMUNITY MANY TIMES YOU LOOK AT BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS AND OTHERS AS PART OF THAT COMMUNITY.

THEY ARE OUR STAKEHOLDERS.

AND OUR MISSION STATEMENT IS TO HELP FACILITATE THE CREATION OF AMAZING SAFE PRODUCTS AND SERVICES BUT THROUGH INTENTIONAL A.I.

ENABLED DESIGN AND GOVERNANCE.

THOSE ARE THE TWO LEVERS WHERE BUSINESSES ACTUALLY CAN DO A LOT TO CREATE SOLUTIONS DESIGN AND HOW TO GOVERN THESE THINGS.

>> Jeff: I WILL ASK YOU A QUESTION THAT YOU COULD PROBABLY ANSWER IN HALF AN HOUR.

BUT DO YOUR BEST.

WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF A.I.

IN BUSINESS?

WHAT PEOPLE IN ANY SORT OF EMPLOYMENT WE'LL TALK ABOUT THE FEDS IN A SECOND, NEED TO BE FOCUSED ON THE CHANGES THAT ARE AHEAD?

>> WE ARE AT A TRANSFORMATIONAL TIME IN TERMS OF THE CAPABILITIES OF A.I.

BUT IT IS NOT PERFECT.

AND SO I THINK BUSINESSES NOW HAVE AN AMAZING TOOL, SOMEWHAT IMPERFECT, AND IN A POSITION IN WHICH YOU CAN USE IT CAREFULLY, WHERE IDEALLY YOU WANT TO USE IT IN A WAY TO GET THE MOST BENEFITS WHILE MINIMIZING THE RISKS AND DANGERS.

AND THIS IS A PROCESS.

A LOT OF BUSINESSES ARE FIRST LEARNING THE CAPABILITIES WHAT THIS CAN DO.

AND WHAT HOW IT CAN ACTUALLY HELP INDIVIDUALS, BUSINESSES AND THINGS THAT BUSINESSES DO AS WELL.

THE SCARY PART IS SOMETIMES THE CAPABILITY IS NOT RESEMBLE WHAT HUMANS CAN DO.

BUT SOMETIMES IT DOES TEND TO GET OVERHYPED A LOT IN THE PRESS.

AND WHEN WE LOOK AT IT ON THE GROUND CASES OF BUSINESSES IT IS NOT YET THERE AS OF NOW.

>> Jeff: IT'S A LITTLE SCARY ACTUALLY.

WHAT DO YOU TELL YOUR STUDENTS ABOUT IT?

HOW SHOULD IT IMPACT THEIR CAREER FOCUS?

>> SO THE THING THAT I TELL MY STUDENTS THE MOST IS THAT ALWAYS FOCUS ON HOW YOU CAN ADD VALUE.

AND THAT'S WHAT HUMANS ARE GREAT AT DOING WE ARE GREAT AT GOING INTO SITUATIONS PICKING OUT WHAT THINGS NEED TO BE DONE AND WHAT BUSINESSES NEED AND FIGURING OUT HOW TO DO THAT.

WE'VE DONE THIS FOR CENTURIES, MILLENNIUM YEAH AND THAT IS NOT GOING TO CHANGE.

BRING YOUR BEST PROBLEM SOLVING MENTALITY AND ASK YOURSELF HOW DO I ADD VALUE WHERE CAN I MAKE A DIFFERENCE.

AND THEN YOU WILL REALIZE THESE THINGS ARE TOOLS, YES THEY ARE DIFFERENT KINDS OF TOOLS BUT THEY ARE ONES WE CAN LEVERAGE TO OUR BENEFITS RATHER THAN TREAT THEM AS COMPETITORS.

>> Jeff: NOW, TELL US ABOUT THIS CERTIFICATE PROGRAM YOU ARE OFFERING.

AND WHO GETS TO TAKE THAT FOR FREE?

>> YOU KNOW, A COUPLE OF MONTHS BACK AND I JUST WANT TO TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THE MOTIVATION.

WHEN WE ARE LEADING THE UNIVERSITY IN THE AREA AND WHEN WE SAW THE KINDS OF THINGS THAT WERE GOING ON WITH LAYOFFS OF FEDERAL WORKERS AND PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN IN THE WORKFORCE FOR A GOOD PART OF THEIR LIVES AND MADE CHOICES TO GO THERE, SUDDENLY BEING LEFT WITHOUT, IT IS ONE OF THOSE SITUATIONS WHERE I FELT [INAUDIBLE] AS A UNIVERSITY WE HAD A PLACE OF IDEAS A PLACE WHERE PEOPLE GO TO GET EDUCATED AND WE CAN BE TRANSFORMATIONAL IN PEOPLE'S LIVES.

THIS WAS AN OPPORTUNITY FOR US TO STEP UP AND ASK OURSELVES LOOK WHAT CAN WE DO HERE?

AND GIVEN THE FACT THAT WE ARE DEALING WITH MID-CAREER PEOPLE WITH A LOT OF DOMAIN EXPERIENCE IT DID MAKE SENSE TO GIVE THEM AN OPPORTUNITY TO SAY THERE IS THIS NEW THING THAT IS POWERFUL IMPACTING BUSINESSES IN MANY, MANY WAYS AND WHERE JOBS WILL BE CREATED IN THE FUTURE, HERE SAN OPPORTUNITY TO DO SOMETHING DIFFERENT THAT MAYBE YOU DIDN'T HAVE TIME TO DO IN THE PAST AND FOR SOME OF THEM IF IT CAN HELP THEM PIVOT AND TAKE THE CAREER IN A NEW DIRECTION THAT IS AMAZING.

OTHERS USED IT AS AN OPPORTUNITY TO LEARN SOMETHING.

THAT IS AMAZING, TOO.

AND IT DOES MAKE US ALSO HAVE FEEL LIKE WE ARE MAKING A DIFFERENCE AND I HOPE WE ARE.

>> Jeff: MORE INFORMATION CAN BE FOUND ON THE WEBSITE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND'S ROBERT H. SMITH SCHOOL OF BUSINESS.

AND THAT IS "DIRECT CONNECTION" FOR THIS WEEK.

WE'RE BACK FRIDAY WITH "STATE CIRCLE".

FOR ALL OF US AT MPT THANK YOU FOR WATCHING AND HAVE A GOOD NIGHT.

[♪♪]