>>> MAJOR FUNDING FOUR KPBS EVENING EDITION HAS BEEN MADE POSSIBLE IN PART BY ANDERSON PLUMBING, HEATING AND AIR.

PROUD TO SUPPORT THE MISSION OF KPBS AND PRIVILEGED TO SERVE SAN DIEGO CLIENTS.

ANDERSON PLUMBING, HEATING AND AIR.

HELPING HOMEOWNERS MAINTAIN DRAIN, HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEMS SINCE 1978.

AND BY THE CONRAD PREBYS FOUNDATION.

DARLENE MARCOS SHILEY AND BY THE FOLLOWING: AND BY VIEWERS LIKE YOU.

THANK YOU !

>>> GOOD EVENING.

IT'S MONDAY, JANUARY 24th.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

I'M A MAYA TRABULSI.

FOR THE SECOND TIME IN LESS THAN A WEEK, AND A THIRD THIS MONTH, THE JOURNALIST IN MEXICO HAS BEEN MURDERED.

KPBS REPORTER KITTY ALVARADO SPOKE WITH A FELLOW JOURNALIST AND FRIEND OF TWO OF THE REPORTERS THERE WERE KILLED IN TIJUANA.

>> [ SPEAKING NON-ENGLISH ] >> Reporter: THIS IS JOURNALIST, LOURDES MALDONADO LOPEZ IN 2019 PLEADING WITH MEXICAN PRESIDENT ANDRES MANUEL LOPEZ OBRADOR FOR HELP BECAUSE SHE FEARED FOR HER LIFE.

ON SUNDAY, SHE WAS GUNNED DOWN OUTSIDE HER HOME IN TIJUANA.

SHE WAS THE SECOND WELL-KNOWN REPORTER MURDERED IN THE BORDER CITY IN LESS THAN A WEEK.

MARTINEZ WAS SHOT AND KILLED OUTSIDE OF HIS TIJUANA HOME ON JANUARY 17th.

>> I REALLY WANT TO SAY TO YOU THAT MY COUNTRY, MY CITY IS A SAFE FOR EVERYONE.

BUT IT ISN'T TRUE.

NO MORE.

>> ALINA CORPUS HAS BEEN A BORDER REGION JOURNALIST FOR OVER 20 YEARS.

MALDONADO AND MARTINEZ WERE HER FRIENDS.

SHE IS DEVASTATED OVER THEIR DEATHS.

SHE SAYS REPORTERS IN THE REGION ARE FEELING VERY VULNERABLE.

>> I FEEL HOPELESS ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED.

I AM DISTRAUGHT.

SO, NO, NO, WE DON'T FEEL SAFE IN TIJUANA.

SHE SAYS MALDONADO HAD JUST ATTENDED MARTINEZ'S VIGIL AND FUNERAL AND HIS DEATH HIT THE TOO CLOSE TO HOME.

>> SHE WAS VERY SAD.

I FEEL SHE WAS NOT OKAY.

>> Reporter: REPORTERS THERE HAVE TO NAVIGATE WHAT NO REPORTER SHOULD.

>> WE HAVE TO COVER AND FEEL AT THE SAME TIME SO IT IS NOT EASY.

>> Reporter: NATALIE SOUTHWICK IS WITH THE COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS, A NONPROFIT ADVOCACY ORGANIZATION FOR REPORTERS.

SHE SAYS MALDONADO IS THE THIRD JOURNALIST TO BE MURDERED IN MEXICO THIS MONTH.

>> ALMOST THE SENSE OF BOTH FRUSTRATION BUT EXHAUSTION.

MEXICO IS AND CONTINUES TO BE THE DEADLIEST COUNTRY IN THE HEMISPHERE FOR JOURNALISTS.

>> Reporter: SHE SAYS THE PROBLEM, THERE IS NO POLITICAL WILL TO REPORT PROTECT REPORTERS AND HOLD PEOPLE ACCOUNTABLE EVEN WHEN REPORTERS ASKED FOR HELP LIKE MALDONADO.

CBJ HAS DOCUMENTED AND IS INVESTIGATING 18 IN THE LAST TWO YEARS.

>> THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF ONE EVERY SIX WEEKS.

THAT IS A HORRIFYING STATISTIC AND NOT SOMETHING THAT CAN CONTINUE.

WE ARE GOING TO LOSE ACCESS TO INFORMATION.

THERE IS ALREADY PARTS OF THE COUNTRY THAT ARE EFFECTIVELY NEWS DESERTS.

>> Reporter: SHE SAYS WHILE SHE AND HER COLLEAGUES WILL CARRY ON THEIR WORK, THEY CAN'T HELP BUT WONDER THE OBVIOUS.

>> WE HAVE IT ON OUR MINDS WHO COULD BE THE NEXT ONE.

>> Reporter: KITTY ALVARADO, KPBS NEWS.

>>> NOW TO THE PANDEMIC.

AS WE MIGHT BE SEEING THE END OF THE OMICRON SEARCH, CASE NUMBERS ARE TRENDING IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION.

OVER THE WEEKEND, THE COUNTY REPORTED MORE THAN 10,000 CASES ON FRIDAY AND BY SUNDAY, THE NUMBER WAS NEARLY CUT IN HALF TO 5400.

STILL IT IS ENOUGH FOR ANOTHER LOCAL COLLEGE TO MOVE CLASSES ONLINE.

SOUTHWESTERN COLLEGE IN CHULA VISTA PUT OUT THE NEWS TODAY.

WHILE FEW CLASSES WILL BE HELD IN PERSON, THE MAJORITY WILL BE REMOTE THROUGH FEBRUARY 25th.

EXCEPTIONS WILL BE MADE FOR SOME PERFORMING ARTS AND SPORTS.

SAN DIEGO UNIFIED JOINED THE L.A. UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT TODAY IN SUPPORTING A PROPOSED NEW LAW TO INCREASE VACCINATION RATES.

IT WOULD PREVENT PARENTS USING PERSONAL BELIEFS TO KEEP THEIR KIDS FROM GETTING IMMUNIZED.

KPBS EDUCATION REPORTER, MJ PEREZ HAS MORE ON THAT AND ANOTHER TWIST IN THE EFFORT TO REQUIRE STAFF VACCINATIONS.

>> Reporter: CARLA IS A PEER EDUCATOR AT PERSHING MIDDLE SCHOOL WAITING TO BE TESTED FOR COVID-19 AGAIN.

>> I DID HAVE A BUNCH OF HOME TESTS BUT I RAN OUT SO I'VE BEEN TESTING ABOUT EVERY WEEK.

>> Reporter: CARLA HAS FOLLOWED THE SAN DIEGO UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT REQUIREMENTS TO BE FULLY VACCINATED.

SOMETHING THAT 75% OF THE DISTRICT'S STUDENTS 12 AND UP HAVE NOW DONE.

THAT IS ACCORDING TO SCHOOL BOARD TRUSTEE, RICHARD BARRERA.

RIVER TRAVELED TO THE SAN FERNANDO VALLEY TO SUPPORT A PROPOSED CHANGE TO STATE LAW.

>> EDUCATORS WANT TO COME TO WORK AND DO THEIR JOBS WHICH IS TO EDUCATE STUDENTS.

RATHER THAN CONTINUE WITH THIS ROLLER COASTER OF NEEDING TO BE PUBLIC HEALTH EXPERTS AT THE SAME TIME THAT THEY ARE TRYING TO EDUCATE KIDS.

>> Reporter: STATE SENATOR, DR. RICHARD PAN OF SACRAMENTO IS A PEDIATRICIAN, POLITICIAN AND PARENT.

HE IS PROPOSING A BILL TO CLOSE THE LOOPHOLE, ALLOWING OTHER PARENTS TO USE PERSONAL BELIEFS TO KEEP THEIR CHILDREN FROM GETTING ANY STATE-MANDATED VACCINATIONS.

INCLUDING COVID-19.

>> WE COULD MAKE EFFECTIVE USE OF OUR TIME AND MONEY TO BE SURE CHILDREN ARE EDUCATED AT SCHOOLS AND THAT IS WHAT IT IS ALL ABOUT.

KEEPING SCHOOLS OPEN AND SAFE AND PROVIDING THAT CERTAINTY THAT THAT WILL HAPPEN.

>> Reporter: LAST MONTH A JUDGE STRUCK DOWN SAN DIEGO UNIFIED'S MANDATE REQUIRING ELIGIBLE STUDENTS 16 AND UP THE FULLY VACCINATED IN ORDER TO ATTEND SCHOOL IN PERSON.

THE DISTRICT HAS APPEALED THE RULING ON THAT MANDATE THAT WAS SUPPOSED TO GO INTO EFFECT TODAY.

WHILE THERE REMAINS NO STUDENT VACCINATION MANDATE FOR NOW, THE START OF THE SPRING SEMESTER DOES BRING A DEADLINE FOR DISTRICT STAFF MEMBERS WHO MUST NOW BE FULLY VACCINATED OR HAVE A PIED APPLIED FOR EXEMPTIONS.

KPBS NEWS OBTAINED THIS COPY OF A DETERMINATION LETTER SENT JANUARY 20th TWO DOZENS OF EMPLOYEES WHO HAVE NOT COMPLIED.

SIMPLY SAID IT INFORMS THE STAFF MEMBER THEY WILL BE TERMINATED TOMORROW, JANUARY 25th FOR FAILURE TO PROVIDE BY JANUARY 18th PROOF OF COVID-19 VACCINATION.

CARLA MICHAELIS COMPLIED ON TIME AND WITH GOOD REASON.

>> THEY COULD GIVE A LOT OF PEOPLE PIECE OF MINE AND THAT IS REALLY IMPORTANT FOR EMPLOYEES AND FOR PARENTS.

>> Reporter: IF SENATOR PAN AND HIS COALITION OF EDUCATION OFFICIALS SUCCEED IN GETTING TO KEEP THE SCHOOLS OPEN AND SAFE BILL PASSED, THE EARLIEST IT WOULD BE AND ACTED AS JANUARY 21st, 2023.

MG PEREZ, KPBS NEWS.

>>> CHILDCARE CENTERS ARE A LIFELINE FOR PARENTS OF YOUNGER KIDS BUT THOSE WHO CARE FOR THEM ARE STRUGGLING.

COMING UP A BIT LATER, KPBS NEWS INVESTIGATES THE DIFFICULTY IN KEEPING CHILDCARE CENTERS PROPERLY STAFFED.

FROM LOPE TO INCREASING WORKLOADS, HEAR FROM THOSE WHO SAY THE SYSTEM IS AT ITS BREAKING POINT.

>>> THE LOS ANGELES UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT IS DOING AWAY WITH CLOTH MASKS AND INSTEAD THE NATION'S SECOND LARGEST SCHOOL DISTRICTS SAYS STUDENTS WHERE NEED TO WEAR NON-CLOTH MASKS WITH KNOWS WIRES.

THE DISTRICT SAYS STUDENTS MUST WEAR THEIR MASKS AT ALL TIMES EXCEPT WHEN CONSUMING FOOD OR DRINK.

HEALTH OFFICIALS HAVE INCREASINGLY ENCOURAGED PEOPLE TO UPGRADE MASKS TO SURGICAL GREATER HIGHER-QUALITY LIKE AND 95.

>>> COMMUTERS TO TAKE THE 5/78 MAY EXPERIENCE LONG LINES.

REPORTER TONYA THORNE TELLS US LEADERS ARE TRYING TO SUPPORT IMPROVEMENTS TO THIS THREE-WAY.

>> Reporter: LOCAL LEADERS ARE TRYING TO SECURE INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDING FROM PRESIDENT BIDEN'S INFRASTRUCTURE LAW.

>> I WAS PROUD TO ANNOUNCE LAST WEEK THAT TWO LOCAL PROJECTS AND OURS IS JUST DISTRICT WILL BE RECEIVING A PORTION OF THAT FUNDING.

>> Reporter: MIKE LEVIN ANNOUNCED $30 MILLION HAVE BEEN ALLOCATED FOR THE ENCINITAS/SOLANA BEACH COASTAL STORM REDUCTION PROJECT AND $1.8 MILLION FOR THE OCEANSIDE SPECIAL SHORELINE STUDY AND 11 IS LOOKING TO DO MORE.

TODAY HE MET WITH LOCAL LEADERS TO DISCUSS FUNDING FOR IMPROVEMENTS TO THE I-5 AND 78 INTERCHANGE.

DRIVERS HAVE OFTEN TAKEN THE 78 FREEWAY TO THE FIVE SOUTH FREEWAY AND HAVE SOMETIMES GOTTEN STUCK IN LONG LINES JUST WAITING TO GET ONTO THE FREEWAY BECAUSE OF THE STOPLIGHT RIGHT HERE.

SO NOW LOCAL LEADERS ARE PROPOSING A FLYOVER BRIDGE THAT WOULD BE FUNDED FROM THE BIPARTISAN INFRASTRUCTURE LAW THAT WOULD CONNECT THESE TWO FREEWAYS TOGETHER AND MAKE THE DAILY COMMUTE A LITTLE BIT EASIER ON DRIVERS.

ENCINITAS MAYOR AND CHAIRPERSON, CATHERINE BLAKE SPEAR SAYS THE IMPROVEMENT WILL INCREASE EFFICIENCY AND HELP THE ENVIRONMENT.

>> IT WILL ALSO REDUCE CONGESTION.

BY MAKING IT MORE CONVENIENT FOR PEOPLE TO CARPOOL, WE ARE ALSO HELPING TO REDUCE TRAFFIC AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND IMPROVE OUR AIR QUALITY.

>> Reporter: BEFORE FUNDING IS APPROVED, AN APPLICATION WILL NEED TO BE COMPLETED AND ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTS MUST BE COMPLETED.

>> THERE IS ONE PROGRAM IN THE BIPARTISAN INFRASTRUCTURE LAW SPECIFICALLY FOR AREAS THAT HAVE HIGH CONGESTION.

AND I THINK WE ARE GOING TO QUALIFY.

>> Reporter: HE SAYS CONSTRUCTION SHOULD ONLY TAKE 18 TO 24 MONTHS BUT PERMITTING AND APPROVALS FOR THE PROJECT COULD PUSH THIS OUT FOUR OR FIVE YEARS.

TANIA THORNE, KPBS NEWS.

>>> THOUSANDS OF AMERICAN MILITARY MEMBERS ARE BEING PUT ON ALERT FOR POSSIBLE DEPLOYMENT TO EASTERN EUROPE DUE TO RUSSIA'S THREATS TO UKRAINE.

MEANWHILE CHINA IS RENEWING TENSIONS WITH ONE OF ITS NEIGHBORS.

CHRIS WHEN EXPLAINS THE GLOBAL CONFLICTS AND WHY THE U.S. MIGHT GET INVOLVED.

>>> AMID MOUNTING FEARS OF A RUSSIAN CONFLICT IN THE UKRAINIAN -- >> WE MUST ALSO INCREASE READINESS.

>> Reporter: THE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION IS CONSIDERING DEPLOYING SEVERAL THOUSAND U.S.

TROOPS TO THE EASTERN BALTICS.

THIS TO PREVENT RUSSIA FROM INVADING UKRAINE.

>> THE UNITED STATES HAS TAKEN STEPS TO HEIGHTEN THE READINESS OF ITS FORCES AT HOME AND ABROAD TO RESPOND TO A RANGE OF CONSTITUENCIES CONTINGENCIES INCLUDING THE NATO RESPONSE FORCE IF AFFIDAVIT ACTIVATED.

>> Reporter: INTELLIGENCE SERVICES ARE REPORTING THE FROM LENS POSSIBLE INTENTIONS TO INSTALL IN KYIV.

THE KREMLIN CALLED THOSE REPORTS HYSTERIA.

>> THE UNITED STATES WILL ACT FIRMLY IN DEFENSE OF ITS NATIONAL INTERESTS IN RESPONSE TO ACTIONS BY RUSSIA THAT HARM US, OUR ALLIES OR PARTNERS.

>> Reporter: RUSSIA SEES NATO'S GROWING SUPPORT TO UKRAINE AS A THREAT TO GROWING SECURITY.

>> THERE ARE PRINCIPLES THAT WE ARE NOT GOING TO COMPROMISE ON BY ONE IOTA INCLUDING THE TWO'S OPEN DOOR OF THE RIGHT OF COUNTRIES TO CHOOSE WITH WHOM THEY WILL ASSOCIATE.

PERMIT THE MILITARY ALSO ACTING AGAINST A MILITARY ACTION OVERSEAS AS MILITARY FROM TAIWAN CRASHED INTO A DEFENSIVE ZONE SUNDAY.

CHINA'S U.S. JAPAN SHOW OF FORCE IN THE SEA.

>>> TAX SEASON IS UPON US FOR 2021.

IF YOU USE VENMO, CASH APP OR SIMILAR DIGITAL PLATFORMS YOU MAY WANT TO TAKE NOTES OF A NEW TAX RULE.

A 1099 K NEEDS TO BE ISSUED AS SOMEONE MAKES MORE THAN $600 FOR A BUSINESS DURING THE YEAR.

THIS APPLIES TO ANY PAYMENT FOR GOODS AND SERVICES THAT INCLUDES TIPS, AIRBNB AS WELL AS AT SEA BUT DON'T WORRY, THIS DOES NOT INCLUDE REIMBURSING FRIENDS OR CHIPPING INTO GROUP GIFTS.

FORMS WILL GO OUT EARLY NEXT YEAR.

>>> HARDSHIP CONTINUES TO FALL ON THE RESTAURANT INDUSTRY.

THE NATIONAL RESTAURANT ASSOCIATION SAYS THAT 88% OF RESTAURANTS HAVE EXPERIENCED A DECLINE IN DEMAND BECAUSE OF THE OMICRON SURGE.

ON MONDAY THE ASSOCIATION SENT A LETTER TO CONGRESS ASKING LAWMAKERS TO REPLENISH THE NEARLY $29 BILLION FUND FOR RESTAURANT REVITALIZATION IN THE UPCOMING LEGISLATION PACKAGE.

THE FUND RAN OUT LAST YEAR WITH ONLY ONE THIRD OF APPLYING RESTAURANTS ACTUALLY GETTING THOSE GRANTS.

>>> EVEN BEFORE COVID, IT WAS DIFFICULT TO HIRE CHILDCARE STAFF BECAUSE OF THE POSITIONS BEING UNDERVALUED AND POORLY PAID.

NOW, IT IS NEARLY IMPOSSIBLE.

KPBS INVESTIGATIVE REPORTER, CLAIRE TRAGESER LOOKS AT WHAT IS CAUSING A CHILD CRY CARE STAFFING SHORTAGE IN THE REASON REGION.

>> EARNING A COLLEGE DEGREE TAKES YEARS OF HARD WORK.

IN 2021 ALLEY GRADUATED WITH A DEGREE IN CHILD AND FAMILY DEVELOPMENT AND WENT LOOKING FOR HER FIRST JOB.

SHE WAS HIRED IMMEDIATELY BY A LOCAL PRESCHOOL.

>> THIS IS THE FIRST AND ONLY JOB I APPLIED TO AND IT ENDED UP WORKING OUT FOR ME BUT HER COLLEGE EDUCATION DID LITTLE TO PREPARE HER FOR WHAT SHE ENDED UP WALKING INTO.

>> TECHNICALLY I WOULD HAVE A CO-TEACHER AND WE WOULD SPLIT THE CHILDREN SIX AND SIX BUT WHERE I AM AT RIGHT NOW, I AM KEEPING ALL 12 KIDS TOGETHER.

>> Reporter: SIX MONTHS INTO THE JOB, ALLEY AND HER CLASSROOM OF TODDLERS ARE LEFT WITH A ROTATING CAST OF SUBSTITUTE TEACHERS.

ALLIE DOESN'T WANT TO REVEAL HER FULL NAME OR THE NAME OF HER SCHOOL TO PROTECT HER JOB.

>>> WE PUT NAMETAGS ON THE CHILDREN SO WE CAN HELP THE SUBS IDENTIFY THEM AND THEY CAN REFER TO THEM BY THEIR NAME.

>> Reporter: SOMETIMES THE SUBS THEMSELVES CALL IN SICK OR JUST DON'T SHOW UP.

>> I HAVE NOTICED HOW ATTACHED THEY ARE TO ME AND WHEN OTHER SUBS COME IN, IT'S KIND OF LIKE STRANGER DANGER.

>> Reporter: PRESCHOOLS AND CHILD CARE CENTERS EVERYWHERE ARE DEALING WITH A MASSIVE STAFFING SHORTAGE.

ON JOB SEARCH WEBSITES, THERE ARE MORE THAN 200 LOCAL CHILDCARE OPENINGS, SOME EVENING SOME EVEN OFFERING A SIGNING BONUSES.

PROVIDERS TELL KPBS THEY CAN'T FIND QUALIFIED PEOPLE TO HIRE.

THE PROBLEM IS MUCH WORSE THAN THE GENERAL LEDGER LABOR SHORTAGE TREND.

CHILDCARE PROVIDERS HAVE TO COMPETE WITH RETAILERS AND RESTAURANTS FOR WORKERS BUT THOSE OTHER SECTORS CAN RAISE STARTING WAGES.

PLUS PEOPLE ARE STILL WORRIED ABOUT CATCHING COVID FROM UNVACCINATED TODDLERS.

>> WE ARE ASKING SO MUCH FOR $12 AN HOUR WHEN YOU COULD BE MAKING MORE AT McDONALD'S.

OR YOU KNOW, STARBUCKS OR TARGET.

WHERE YOU DON'T HAVE TO HAVE TO DO SUCH AN EMOTIONALLY DEMANDING JOB.

>> Reporter: CAITLIN McLEAN'S WITH A CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF CHILDCARE EMPLOYMENT AT UC BERKELEY.

>> IF WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT FAMILIES HAVE ACCESS TO THESE SERVICES WE HAVE TO MAKE SURE THAT THIS IS A GOOD JOB THAT PEOPLE WANT TO DO.

AND WE HAVE NOT BEEN DOING THAT.

ON AVERAGE, CALIFORNIA PRESCHOOL TEACHERS MAKE LESS THAN HALF OF WHAT KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS MAKE.

AND MORE THAN ONE THIRD OF CUT -- CHILDCARE WORKERS LOOK BELOW THE FEDERAL POVERTY LINE.

RAISING PAY MIGHT SEEM LIKE AN EASY SOLUTION BUT THERE IS A DOMINO EFFECT.

FIRST OFF, STATE REGULATIONS REQUIRE CHILDCARE CENTERS TO HAVE ONE TEACHER FOR EVERY FOUR INFANTS AND ONE FOR EVERY SIX TODDLERS.

THAT MEANS A LOT OF STAFF.

SO IF THEY PAY MORE COME THEY HAVE NO CHOICE BUT TO RAISE RATES FOR PARENTS WHICH MANY CAN'T AFFORD.

>> THERE IS NO WAY I CAN CONTINUE TO ASK PARENTS TO PAY OUT-OF-POCKET AT A HIGHER WEEKLY RATE THAN I ALREADY DO.

I'M ALREADY WITHIN THE MARKET RATE.

HOLLY WEBB HER OWN'S MAGIC ART PRESCHOOL.

>> IT IS RUNNING A FINE LINE BETWEEN PARENTS CHOOSING TO GO BACK TO WORK BECAUSE THEIR CHILDCARE COULD EXPENSES ARE SO EXORBITANT.

>> PEOPLE ARE GOING TO APPLY TO JOBS.

>> Reporter: LIKE ALLEY, BREANNA MENDOZA GRADUATED FROM SDSU WITH AN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION DEGREE BUT SHE HAS NO INTEREST IN WORKING AT A PRESCHOOL.

SHE INSTEAD IS LOOKING AT JOBS WHERE SHE WOULD WORK ONE-ON-ONE WITH CHILDREN IN CRISIS WHICH COULD PAY $21-$22 AN HOUR.

>> HAVING TO BE CONSTANTLY RUNNING.

I WOULD BE SWEATING IN THE CLASSROOMS WHETHER I WAS CHANGING DIAPERS, CARRYING BABIES, FEEDING THEM, SWEEPING.

IT WASN'T JUST CHILDCARE.

IT WAS LIKE SWEEPING LIKE HOUSEWORK, DOING LAUNDRY.

>> Reporter: MEANWHILE, ALLEY WHO IS STILL TEACHING AT A LOCAL PRESCHOOL IS TRYING TO HOLD ON BUT ISN'T SURE HOW MUCH MORE SHE WANTS TO CONTINUE.

>> CONSIDERING I'M DOING THE JOB OF TWO TEACHERS RIGHT NOW AT MINIMUM WAGE, IT'S REALLY DISCOURAGING.

KPBS NEWS.

>>> ENCODES WILL BE UPDATED THANKS TO SCIENCE AT UC SAN DIEGO.

CYTEC REPORTER, THOMAS FUDGE TELLS US HOW A COMMON PIECE OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT WON'T HOLD UP DURING A STRONG EARTHQUAKE.

>> Reporter: THIS 18 FOOT STEEL COLUMN WHICH WOULD STAND VERTICALLY IN A BUILDING IS IN THE GRIP OF A VICE ON UCSD'S SHAKE TABLE.

THE TABLE SIMULATES THE STRESS OF A BUILDING'S WEIGHT AND MOVEMENT OF A STRONG EARTHQUAKE.

WHILE THE COLUMN BUCKLES AND BENDS WHICH COULD CAUSE A BUILDING TO LEAN OR COLLAPSE.

ACROSS SECTION OF THIS COLUMN IS SEEN ON THE LEFT AS IF VIEWED FROM ABOVE.

THE PROBLEM IS THE COLUMN'S CONNECTING SPINE CALLED THE WEB WHICH IS TOO THIN.

>> IT IS VERY THIN SO IT IS VERY HIGH AND THAT COLUMN ITSELF IS AT RISK OF BUCKLING TOO MUCH AND LOSING SOME OF ITS LOAD CARRY CAPACITY.

>> Reporter: JAY HARRIS IS A STRUCTURAL ENGINEER WHO COWROTE A PAPER ON THE SHAKE TABLE TEST WHICH APPEARED IN THE JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING.

>> IF YOU LOSE THE ABILITY TO CARRY OF THOSE GRAVITY FORCES YOU COULD BE AT RISK FOR SOME TYPE OF COLLAPSE WHETHER OR NOT IS A PARTIAL OR TOTAL COLLAPSE IS GOING TO BE SPECIFIC TO THE BUILDING SKELETON AND WHERE THE COLUMN IS LOCATED AND WHAT IT IS CARRYING.

>> ONE OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF A BUCKLING COLUMN IS WHAT IS CALLED STORY DRIFT WHEN THE UPPER STORIES OF A MULTISTORY BUILDING SWAY IN AN EARTHQUAKE CAUSING THE BUILDING TO LEAN.

>> Reporter: IRONICALLY THE USE OF THE WIDER COLUMNS THAT FAILED THE SHAKE TABLE TEST BECAME QUITE COMMON FOLLOWING THE NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE OF 1994.

ENGINEERS THOUGHT THE GREATER WIDTH WOULD PREVENT LATERAL BUILDING MOVEMENT IN AN EARTHQUAKE.

NOW, HARRIS SAYS THE COLUMNS THAT WERE EXAMINED WILL BE PHASED OUT WITH NEW BUILDING CODES.

THOMAS FUDGE, KPBS NEWS.

>>> A BIT OF A WARM-UP IS EXPECTED THIS WEEK IN COASTAL NEIGHBORHOODS.

JESSICA PASH HAS THE FORECAST.

>> WELL, OUR UPPER LOW THAT WAS SITTING OVER AS OVER THE WEEKEND RINGING GUSTY WINDS AT TIME HAS DEPARTED.

BUT WE STILL HAVE A LITTLE BIT OF AN ONSHORE WIND EVENT HERE FROM TONIGHT INTO EARLY TOMORROW THAT WILL BRING LITTLE BIT OF CLOUD COVER HERE AND FOG EARLY TUESDAY.

IT SHOULD GET WARMER AND BRIGHTER AS WE HEAD INTO WEDNESDAY.

WE ARE LOOKING AT THE POSSIBILITY OF SANTA ANA WINDS AS WE GET ANOTHER PIECE OF ENERGY GUIDING SOUTH INTO THE ROCKIES.

THAT SHOULD INCREASE OUR WIND A LITTLE BIT THERE.

AS WE MOVE INTO TUESDAY NIGHT AND WEDNESDAY, BUT FOR TONIGHT, TEMPERATURES GETTING DOWN INTO THE LOW 40s MONDAY NIGHT, OCEANSIDE, MID-30s AND RAMONA, EL CAJON GETTING DOWN TO DIRTY 4 DEGREES.

TUESDAY LOOKING LIKE A MAINLY SUNNY DAY WITH A LITTLE BIT OF EARLY MORNING FOG IN CLOUD COVER THAT SHOULD LIFT THROUGHOUT THE DAY BRINGING MORE IN THE WAY OF SUNSHINE FOR TUESDAY AFTERNOON.

WE WILL BE IN THE MID 60s IN OCEANSIDE, MID-70s AND BORREGO SPRINGS, LOW 50s TOWARD MOUNT LAGUNA BUT FOR THE MOST PART TEMPERATURES WILL BE ON THE WARMING TREND OVER THE NEXT SEVERAL DAYS.

WEDNESDAY, SAME STORY, SUNNY, PLEASANT KEEPING AN EYE ON THAT HIGH-PRESSURE THAT COULD CREATE MORE OFF SHORE STRONG WINDS.

WE WILL BE WATCHING FOR THAT POSSIBILITY OF SANTA ANA WINDS WEDNESDAY INTO THURSDAY.

NEAR THE COAST, TEMPERATURES FROM THE 60s BACK INTO THE 70s, ABOVE AVERAGE AS WE HEAD INTO FRIDAY.

MID 70s TO CLOSE OUT THE WORK WEEK UNDER PARTLY SUNNY SKIES.

AGAIN, REALLY NICE WEATHER OVER THE NEXT SEVERAL DAYS.

FURTHER INLAND, TEMPERATURES GO FROM THE UPPER 60s TO THE LOW TO MID 70s WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY AND FRIDAY.

SHOULD SEE MAINLY SUNSHINE HERE MOVING FORWARD.

TEMPERATURES AROUND 70 AS WE HEAD INTO NEXT SATURDAY.

IN THE MOUNTAINS, TEMPERATURES COULD DROP A LITTLE ON WEDNESDAY BUT FOR THE MOST PART WE WILL BE LOOKING AT HIGHS IN THE LOW 50s FOR YOU FOR TUESDAY, THURSDAY AND HEADING INTO FRIDAY.

IN THE DESERTS, TEMPERATURES HERE ARE GOING TO STAY MAINLY IN THE LOW TO MID 70s, NOT A LOT OF CHANGE FROM DAY TO DAY.

FOR KPBS NEWS, I'M METEOROLOGIST, JESSICA PASH.

>>> I'M JUDY WOODRUFF.

TONIGHT ON THE NEWSHOUR THE U.S.

PUTS THOUSANDS OF TROOPS ON HEIGHTENED ALERT TO COUNTER THE RUSSIAN THREAT AGAINST UKRAINE.

THAT IS COMING UP AT 7:00 AFTER EVENING EDITION OF KPBS.

>>> PUTS UP THROUGH AND THE RAMS BY THE HAIR OF THEIR SKINNY TEETH.

>>> ALL THREE GAMES SO FAR A WALKOFF FIELD.

ALL THREE.

>> YES!

>> FOR THE SECOND STRAIGHT YEAR WE MIGHT SEE A TEAM WITH HOME- FIELD ADVANTAGE IN THE SUPER BOWL.

THE L.A. RAMS ARE ONE STEP CLOSER AFTER KNOCKING OUT LAST YEAR'S CHANCE, THE TAMPA BAY BUCCANEERS.

PART OF A WILD WEEKEND OF FOOTBALL PLAY, MANY ARE CALLING IT THE BEST IN NFL HISTORY.

THE RAMS WILL HOST THEIR DIVISION RIVALS, THE SAN FRANCISCO 49ers AND THE WINNER WILL TAKE ON THE CHIEFS OR BENGALS IN SUPER BOWL LVI AT THE SO-FI STADIUM.

>>> THE SDSU MEN'S BASKETBALL TEAM IS BACK AT VA HAS ARENA FOR THE SECOND AIM IN A FIVE DAY GAME STRETCH.

SECOND GAME WITH BOISE STATE AFTER A RASH OF COVID CASES BUT BROUGHT A POSITIVE THE SEASON.

SDSU LOST 42-37 IN A LOW- SCORING GAME.

IT SNAPPED A 16 GAME WINNING STREAK AT HOME.

THE AZTECS WILL TAKE ON U AND LV TONIGHT IN ANOTHER GAME THAT WAS RESCHEDULED DUE TO COVID PAUSE.

>>> A COVID VIDEO GAME?

MANY PEOPLE CONTINUE TO WONDER HOW COVID VARIANTS SPREAD ESPECIALLY IN A BUSY OFFICE ENVIRONMENT.

A PROGRAMMER HAS CREATED A PLAYABLE SIMULATION PROGRAM TO SHOW US HOW.

RICK DONATELL REPORTS.

>> Reporter: COVID SIMULATOR IS EXACTLY AS THE NAME APPLIES.

VISUALIZING WHAT HAPPENS WHEN PEOPLE AFFECTED WITH COVID-19 SPREAD THE ILLNESS INDOORS.

>> COVID SIMULATOR IS AN OUTBREAK GAME LACED WITH A LOT OF DARK HUMOR.

COVID SIMULATOR IS AN ATTEMPT TO MAKE SOMETHING KIND OF FUN BUT MAKE IT A VERY STREAMLINED SIMPLE BASIC THIS IS HOW COVID SPREADS IN A WORKPLACE, AT HOME OR WHATEVER.

>> Reporter: CREATED BY A SINGLE DEVELOPER, THE SIMULATION USES PUBLICLY AVAILABLE CDC DATA.

>> YOU GO TO YOUR WORKPLACE AND YOU GET YOUR EMPLOYEES AND SAY WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF WE HAD AN OUTBREAK A LOT OF PEOPLE WILL DO THAT AND SEE HOW QUICKLY THEY CAN FIX IT WHERE THERE IS NO MORE COVID LEFT AND HAVE A HARD TIME DOING THAT BECAUSE IT IS NOT EASY TO GET RID OF.

>> Reporter: LAYERS CAN ADJUST VARIABLES FOR INFECTION RATES, MASK USAGE, VACCINATION STATUS AND EVEN ALTERNATIVE TREATMENTS AND ACTIVE VACCINE.

>> PEOPLE CAN MAKE AN INFORMED DECISION AND THAT IS WHAT THE SIMULATOR WAS MADE FOR IN THE FIRST PLACE.

I AM NOT GOOD TO ADVANCE SIDINGS IN EVERY WAY BUT I HOPE I WILL HELP YOU TO SAY WHAT DO I THINK IS WORTH THE RISK FOR ME.

>> Reporter: LEVELING UP IN HOLLYWOOD, I'M RICK DAMIGELLA.

>> >>> WHO WOULD LIKE A FREE BOX OF A DOZEN DONUTS?

WHO WOULDN'T?

THAT IS WHAT KRISPY KREME IS OFFERING CUSTOMERS WHO DONATE BLOOD.

THE DOUGHNUT SHOP IS TRYING TO HELP WITH THE BLOOD SHORTAGE SEEN ACROSS THE COUNTRY AND TO GET YOUR DONUTS YOU NEED TO ORDER IN PERSON AND ALSO SHOW YOUR DONATION STICKER.

BUT YOU CAN ALSO SHOW PROOF OF YOUR DONATION THROUGH THE RED CROSS APP.

>>> SINCE MARCH OF LAST YEAR, THE RED CROSS HAS SEEN A DROP IN DONATIONS TO DO CANCELED BLOOD DRIVES AND STAFFING SHORTAGES.

>>> HERE IS A LOOK AT WHAT WE ARE WORKING ON FOR TOMORROW IN THE KPBS NEWS ROOM.

>>> POTENTIAL CRIMINAL CHARGES AGAINST DONALD TRUMP.

NPR'S MORNING EDITION HAS A MOVE TO SEAT A GRAND JURY OVER THE FORMER PRESIDENT ATTEMPT TO OVERTURN ELECTION RESULTS.

>>> PLUS AN UPDATE ON THE SAN DIEGO HOMELESS POPULATION AND WHY THE CENSUS IS BEING POSTPONED.

>>> YOU CAN FIND TONIGHT'S STORIES ON OUR WEBSITE, KPBS.ORG.

THAT THANKS SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.

I'M MAYA TRABULSI.

HAVE A GREAT EVENING.

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THANK YOU !