GEOFF BENNETT: Good evening.

I'm Geoff Be AMNA NAWAZ: On the "News troops raid the main hospital in search of militants and hostages.

GEOFF BENNETT: President Biden and President Xi Jinping meet for the first time in a year, as relations between the two countries have worsened.

AMNA NAWAZ: And Judy Woodruff reports on why resi in a changing modern economy.

LISA BOGO, Parent: It's al Maybe our votes don't matter enough.

I don't know what the case, what it might (BREAK) AMNA NAWAZ: Welcome to the "NewsHour."

The United Nations Security Council approved a resolution this evening that calls for -- quote -- "urgent and extended" humanitarian pauses in the fighting between Israel and Hamas in Gaza.

The U.S., Un Meanwhile in Gaza, the focus is on the largest hospital there.

GEOFF BENNETT: Israeli forces entered the Al Shifa Hospital and the comp it at dawn this morning, with hundreds of patients and doctors still there, but in dire shape.

Israel and t staff and Hamas both deny.

John Yang has the story.

JOHN YANG: Inside Gaza city's biggest hosp shelling, as doctors and patients struggle to breathe.

The Shifa Hospital is no longer safe.

In the intensive care unit, a doctor narrates the aftermath in this video released by the Hamas-run Gaza Ministry of Health.

Even the youngest are deprived of life support.

Rows of critical care patients were moved to the corridor away f machines.

The doctor is pumping Israeli forces entered the Shifa Hospital compound at dawn in what the IDF have called a precise and targeted operation in one specific area.

In a statement, the Palestinian Mission to the United States called it a war crime and said Israeli soldiers terrorized civilians, ransacked rooms, destroyed equipment, and beat medical staff, whom they interrogated at gun point.

Israel says Shifa is not just a hospital but also a Hamas command-and-control center, someth Hamas and hospital officials deny.

LT. COL. JONATHAN CON center of the Shifa JOHN YANG: A as evidence showing a cache of weapons they said they found.

LT. COL. JONATHAN CON troops exposed just minutes ago.

There is an AK-47.

There are cartridges, ammo.

There are grenades in here, of course, uniforms, and all of secretly, behind the MRI machine.

A laptop, we found it in the MRI room.

JOHN YANG: The IDF also claimed their search turned up techno Hamas.

Just hours before including Shifa, as military strongholds.

But officials also said the United States did not license Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said no place in Gaza is off-limits.

BENJAMIN NETANYAHU, Israeli Prime Minister (through translator): They said that we would not reach the outskirts of Gaza City.

We've arrived.

They told us that we wou We've entered.

And in this spirit we sa There is no place in Gaza that we will not reach.

JOHN YANG: Palestinian health officials say 650 patients and thous remain trapped inside the hospital grounds, including medical staff who chose to stay behind to care for them.

Dr. Shadi Issam Radi remained with his t His wife was killed three weeks ago in an Israeli airstrike.

DR. SHADI ISSAM care department for seven years.

My wife was killed while I was working.

I was obliged to bring the children with me and I am sti Thank God for everything.

JOHN YANG: Elsewhere in Gaza, In Khan Yunis in the south, this was a shelter for a family who had fled from the north.

But for some of them, it became a tomb, at least one woman and two children reportedly killed.

This baby survived.

At the only open crossing along the Gaza-Egypt border fuel entered the strip.

Expert said the roughly 6,000 gall And Israel said it will only supply it to U.N. aid efforts, not hospitals, for their now-silent generators.

MARTIN GRIFFITHS, U.N. Co ordinator: JOHN YANG: In Geneva today, the U.N.'s emergency relief coordinator, Martin Griffiths, urged Israel to allow a continuous flow of aid and to open more crossings along the border.

MARTIN GRIFFITHS: We have the trucks.

We need the fuel and we need the money to An d then we can do the job that we are there to do.

Silence those guns long enough to give the people of Gaza a breather from terrible things that have been put on them these last few weeks.

JOHN YANG: Aid desperately needed at medical facilities across Gaza, like Al-Aqsa.

Today, doctors scrambled to treat the injured caught in the, crossfire of a war where hospitals have become battlegrounds.

For the "PBS NewsHour," I'm John Yang.

AMNA NAWAZ: In the day's other headlines: Police were able to rescue hundreds of people taken hostage in Haiti after an armed gang stormed the hospital.

The hospital's director confirmed that to the "NewsHour."

The attack happened at the Fontaine Hospital Center in Port-a as Cite Soleil.

The hostages included women, Ga ng killings and kidnappings have soared across Haiti since the president was assass in 2021.

British leaders insisted today they will after Britain's Supreme Court rejected the policy.

The court said migrants would be -- quote -- "at real risk of ill end up back in war-torn countries they fled.

Prime Minister Rishi Sunak said, if all else fails, Brita human rights treaties.

RISHI SUNAK, Bri or international conventions are still frustrating plans at that point, I am prepared to change our laws and revisit those international relationships.

The British people expect us to do whatever it takes to stop the boats what this government will deliver.

AMNA NAWAZ: The governme would deter them from crossing the English Channel.

In Ukraine, officials in Kyiv now say Ukrainian forces have established a cr in a bid to retake Russian-held Crimea.

They report troops have crossed the Dnipro River near Khers From there, they could outflank Russian forces to the east.

NATALIA HUMENIUK, Spokesperson, Ukrainian Southern Command (throug front line is fairly fluid as of today, and we cannot discuss every single measure our defense forces are undertaking.

But the fact is obvious that these measures For now, we will not give more details, so that our plan can start allow us to report later on great successes.

AMNA NAWAZ: Russian officials acknowledged they're taking heavy casualties.

The U.N.'s weather agency warned today that greenh a record high in 2022, with no end in sight.

New data showed average concentrations of carbon dioxide were 50 percent above pre-industrial levels for the first time.

Methane and nitrous oxide were also higher, raising PETTERI TAALAS, Secretary-Genera , World Meteorological Organization: Practically, the whole planet has seen an increase of heat waves.

About half of the planet has been facing an increase of flooding events, of the planet has been facing an increase of drought events.

And this negative trend will continue until the year 2060.

AMNA NAWAZ: Meanwhile, European Union negotiators agreed today on a deal to lower methane The bloc's energy sector would have to monitor, report and take action cutting emissions.

The deal still needs approval by the European Parliament and Executive Council.

In economic news, wholesale prices fell sharply in October, down half-a-percent from September.

That is the biggest decline since April of 2020.

And on Wall Street, stocks added to Tuesday's big rally.

The Dow Jones industrial average gained 163 points to close at 34991.

The Nasdaq rose nine points, and the S&P 500 added seven.

Still to come on the "NewsHour": Congressman Mike Gallagher discusses the GOP's debate over government funding and the U.S. relationship with China; the father of an Israeli hostage on the war in Gaza and efforts to bring his son home; universities are pushed to address mental health concerns of students on college campuses; and much more.

Today, in San Francisco, President Biden met face-to-face with Chinese President Xi Jinping for the first time in a year.

The two leaders are announcing agreemen on the Chinese chemicals used to make the lethal drug fentanyl.

But, as Nick Schifrin reports from the summit site, the goal was less about an d more about stabilizing a troubled relationship.

QUESTION: President Biden.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Today in a JOE BIDEN, President of the United States: It's been a gr NICK SCHIFRI most advanced militaries and most consequential competition said they wanted their re to be stable.

JOE BIDEN: I with no misconceptions or miscommunication.

We have to ensure that competition does not veer into conflict.

XI JINPING, Chinese President (through translator): I'm still of the vie is not the prevailing trend of current times and cannot solve the problems facing China and the United States or the world at large.

NICK SCHIFRIN: The two sides are agreeing se t of military communication, Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin with his Chinese co a job currently empty, the top U.S. Indo-Pacific military commander with his counterpart, and working-level groups to discuss operational safety.

The idea is to ensure communication, even in crisis.

The U.S. believes close calls between Chinese and American ships, what unsafe encounters between Chinese and American jets just in the last two years, and the actual collisions of Chinese ships with Filipino boats in the South China Sea could cause a crisis.

MAN: It is n NICK SCHIFRIN: T A senior U.S. official said, when the Chinese spy balloon crossed th year -- quote -- "We had no way to really communicate with the Chinese."

EVAN MEDEIROS, Former National Security Council Official: The way I think about re lationship is that it's competition.

NICK SCHIFRI for Asia.

He calls bette the U.S. EVAN MEDEIRO to cancel it.

I think that channels are just a way for the Americans to create the conditions for them to push China even more.

NICK SCHIFRIN: B fentanyl, a hundred times more potent than morphine, and linked to hundreds of thousands of American deaths.

Fentanyl is made from chemicals in China e to drugs.

A senior U.S. although Beijing has made previous promises on fentanyl.

In exchange, the U.S. is reportedly lifting sanctions on an arm of C Public Security.

But U.S.-China divisions Taipei confirmed for the first time this week the U.S. was helping Taiwan train to defend the island.

Beijing considers Taipei a br Today, President Biden is warning China not to interfere with Taiwan's January presidential election.

Beijing labe But senior U.S. officials hope Beijing's aggression toward Taiwan could be -- by internal problems.

Rare protests in 2021 at the of deep dissatisfaction with the Chinese economy.

Today, more foreign direct investment is flowing out It's a sign international investors are concerned by Beijing's economic management, targeting of Western firms and their employees and rising labor costs, says lawyer John Ramig, who specializes in international business.

JOHN RAMIG, Attorney to have a presence in China.

Today, I haven't had anyone come to me, honestly, me make an investment into China?

NICK SCHIFRIN: U.S. officials be ahead of the summit, including a recent English-language article in state-run Xinhua featurin decade-old interest in -- quote -- "friendship with America."

Xi is expected to take that message to American CEOs tonight.

He will tell them China is still a good investment.

U.S. officials here at the summit site are eager for more communication and contacts but they say they're not returning to diplomacy of the past.

The overriding context of the relationship, they say, today is competi The administration's critics today said that this kind of engagement reinforces than -- rather than resolves China's coercive behavior.

AMNA NAWAZ: Nick, so what about this announcement communications?

How signific NICK SCHIFRIN: W important in times of crisis, but it's unclear that it will affect what you also just saw, those Chinese jets, those Chinese ships coming so close to U.S. military assets.

The bottom line is, analysts believe Beijing harasses U.S. military assets because it doesn't want them operating so close to Chinese territory, even though the U.S. says they're in international waters.

And the fact AMNA NAWAZ: And what do ongoing conflicts catching the world's attention, specifically in Gaza and in Ukrain NICK SCHIFRIN: U.S. officials and President Biden today is reinforcing this message, hope that China can be helpful when it comes to the Middle East by talking to its partner Iran and encouraging it not to expand the conflict.

On Ukraine, U.S. officials believe China is pretty much all in politically when it comes to supporting Russia diplomatically, of course, and militarily reinforcing its military, but stopping just short of sending weapons to Russia for its war on Ukraine.

And, again, Amna, nothing today is going to change that either.

AMNA NAWAZ: And, Nick, you also reported that, particul between the two nations.

Is there anything be NICK SCHIFRIN: Yes, in a word today, no.

I mean, Chinese officials tell me that they find U.S. behavior aro the navigation patrols that the U.S. has between Taiwan and the mainland, but also the president's previous comments about supporting Taiwan and boosting military help to Taiwan, that is destabilizing.

The U.S. is past, that it believes in the One China policy, believes in the assurances that it has given Beijing in the past.

And they are hoping that But, frankly, Amna, it is unlikely to reassure Beijing.

And so, yet again, we are talking about something where divisions are not going ov er at this summit at all.

AMNA NAWAZ: Finally, protests in and around San Francisco.

Do we know if the Chinese leader saw any of NI CK SCHIFRIN: It's a good question, Amna.

I don't know if he saw them personally, but U.S. officials, before the arrival to make sure that they asked U.S. officials exactly what Xi Jinping would see looking out of his windows going to each of these events.

And, as an aside, our bus actually had to go around protests outside this summit site, which is completely locked down.

There is, of course, inordinate But Xi especially has consolidated control.

U.S. officials believe that he really is making his own ju And that makes this kind of high-level diplomacy today, this kind of summit all the mo and all the more reminiscent, frankly, of early Cold War diplomacy between the United States and the Soviet Union, Amna.

AMNA NAWAZ: That's N Nick, thank you.

Good to see you.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Thanks.

GEOFF BENNETT: As President Biden prepared for his meeting with Chinese President Xi in San Francisco, lawmakers in Washington were sorting out a plan to prevent a government shutdown.

The House pa mostly in favor.

Here to discuss both issues is He's also the -- of the Select Committee on China.

Welcome back to the "NewsHour."

REP. MIKE GALLAGH GEOFF BENNET You voted for the shor the one yesterday.

Why?

REP. MIKE GALLAGH Prior to the other one, I'd never voted for a clean C.R.

And now here we did waste a month deposing Speaker McCarthy, having this and yet we're exactly where we were at the start of that process.

And I'm increasingly concerned that we are going to sleepwalk our way into se quester, because, of course, according to the terms of the Fiscal Responsibility Act, if we don't pass appropriations bills, we're going to trigger a 1 percent across-the-board cut next year.

And at a time of growing th e Indo-Pacific, a defense sequester would be about the stupidest thing we could do.

So that is my concern.

GEOFF BENNETT: through the House using the same maneuver that Kevin McCarthy used before that group of House Republicans decided to topple him.

Will Johnson meet the same fate, or will Republicans give him more room t REP. MIKE GALLAGH He sort of has a honeymo But to the point of your qu ends on Groundhog Day, because it is Groundhog Day in the House of Repres The only path forward, as I see it, is, we should pass a clean non-offset Israel bill.

Therefore, we can start a process of one track of negotiations over Israel, Taiwan, and defense appropriations, a separate track pairing Ukraine and border, and force both parties to compromise on that issue.

It's going t And then the speaker s process, which is broken and which is why we are in this situation.

And until you fix that, we're going to wind up with an endless series of repeating C.R.

And, by the way, we should pass the bipartisan, bicameral Ending Government Shutdown Act, so we don't do this shutdown politics and constantly live under the threat of a shutdown.

GEOFF BENNETT: Republicans right now are increasingly positioning aid for Israel and Ukraine as an either/or proposition.

Why is that?

REP. MIKE GALLAGH I think we are the world's sole superpower I think what Ukraine has revealed since deterrence collapse in Ukraine is that our entire munit industrial base is insufficient.

So we have here an opportunity to make a on industrial base and build weapons systems, long-range precision fires, that are not only critical for Ukraine, for Israel, but are critical for our most important national security challenge, which is China's threat to Taiwan.

That's what we have to do.

That's why it's not an either/or.

And, certainly, led by China, are increasingly working together.

It's China, Russia and Iran dedicating themselves So , for us to sort of segment these problems, I think this is the global picture.

GEOFF BENNETT: Is that an argument that could hold sway among the Republicans, who are increa skeptical of providing funding to Ukraine?

REP. MIKE GALLAGH things, one, the administration to come to us with a plan or a classified expression of what the end state is in Ukraine,combined with, two, robust inspector general oversight provisions, I think that would go a long way towards alleviating those concerns.

But, again, the reason I advocate for pairing targeted clinical lethal Ukraine funding to border policy changes is that that requires both parties to compromise, and those Democrats who may be skeptical of any tougher border policy in order to support further funding for Ukraine would have to come to the table.

And that strikes me as a sensible thing GEOFF BENNETT: As we mentioned, you lead the Select Committee on China.

The White House says President Biden wants to leave his meeting with to day with the U.S. relationship with China on firmer footing.

In your view, how should the administration navigate this relationship with the focus on problem-solving over provocation?

REP. MIKE GALLAGH to sit down at the table with Xi Jinping or other high-level CCP officials, because, time and again, we pay a price just to get to the table, the CCP makes a promise at the table, and then it reneges on that promise later.

Put differently, we pay up front in cas check is always in the mail.

And this meeting itself has come at a co We haven't sanctioned a single PRC official over the last two years in Xinjiang, for its takeover of Hong Kong.

We obviously haven't had a meaningful investigation into the origins of COVID.

The spy balloon incident was downplayed.

So there has been a revival of come at a cost.

And, in response, You see right now an unprecedented tempo of pressure being applied from the mainland against Taiwan.

And so I hop and no uncertain terms that this threat to Taiwan needs to cease.

GEOFF BENNETT: A question about that.

I mean, how should the U.S. approach foe, on the one hand, while working with China to solve major challenges like climate change, like the problems posed by artificial intelligence, trying to stem the flow of illicit fentanyl into the U.S.?

REP. MIKE GALLAGH far more important than anything Biden says in San Francisco right now, is actually we surge hard power west of the international date line to the Indo-Pacific to make it impossible for Xi Jinping to conquer Taiwan militarily.

That is the language, the language of hard power, that dictators like Xi Jinping We also need to make sure that we don't mirror-image our own Western values onto this regime.

And in the past, people who have made an argument for cooperation with China have cited not only climate change, but also stability on the Korean Peninsula, as well as public health and pandemic prevention, as areas where interests align.

But the pandemic, the increased threats from the North Korean regime, and cert fact that China is the worst environmental actor in the world, I think, undermine this argument that somehow our interests align or that Xi Jinping cares about commitments made at COP 27.

I can assure you, he does not.

GEOFF BENNETT: R this evening.

We appreciat REP. MIKE GALLAGHER: Thank you, s AMNA NAWAZ: Among the estimated 239 hostages believed to be held by Hamas in Gaza is 35-year-old Israeli-American Sagui Dekel-Chen.

He lives in kibbutz Nir Oz, near the Gaza border, wh Hamas terrorists on October 7.

His father, Jonathan Dekel-Chen, is here in Washingt to help free his son.

And he joins me now.

Jonathan, welcom It's good to see you.

JONATHAN DEK AMNA NAWAZ: So, among the officials you have been mee U.S. hostage envoy, Roger Carstens.

Give us a sense of what kind of updates you have any other officials, U.S. or Israeli, about the status of your son in the last few weeks.

JONATHAN DEKEL-CHEN: Well, Amna, I can't go into details about what was shared with the families of hostages who are themselves Israeli-American.

What I can say is, over the course of the last two, three days that we have been meeting with them, is that there's absolutely a spirit of partnership between the hostage families and the administration officials, including Ambassador Carstens.

It's clear that -- from our perspective, that the U.S. administration, from President Biden on down, is absolutely doing what it can in a very complicated situation to secure the release, not just of the U.S. citizens being held hostage, but also the rest of the 239, including, of course, my son.

AMNA NAWAZ: You have shared yo month.

As you menti You said he physically fought the terrorists before himself being kidnapped.

What can you tell us today about how his wife and how his children are doing, how you're doing, more than five weeks later?

JONATHAN DEKEL-CHEN: (AUDIO The 160 or s of Eilat.

So the layer As far as de hope and the belief that Sagui and all of the hostages will come home soon and l the lives that they really deserve to live.

And so taking care of children, in my case, grandchildren, is coupled with them with love, of course, the best we can to help to the degree that it's possible overcome the trauma.

And, at the States and other friendly governments is really what keeps us going, and because all of the hostages deserve this.

AMNA NAWAZ: whether it could help in some way to negotiate a release of the hostages.

Where do you stand on that?

JONATHAN DEKEL-CHEN: W two things can be true at once.

The one, of course, is that all of the hostage fa their loved ones back home with them and safe and healthy.

At the same time, the other truth is that Hamas, and particularly as someone who lives on a kibbutz in the border area in one of the many communities that was completely devastated by these massacres, I understand the need for the Israeli army to eradicate Hamas as a military, as a governing force.

So what I hope for in this case is that the Israeli army and possible, supporting states are doing everything that they can tactically on the ground to ensure the safety of all of these hostages.

And if, if a cessation of hostilities, temporary or otherwise, could bring back all of the hostages, then, absolutely, that would be something that I could see all of the hostage families accepting.

AMNA NAWAZ: of holding two ideas in your head at the same time; 1,200 people were brutally m on October 7.

And, as you say no can stay safe in the future as well.

At the same time, you're watching all these images of the ai And thousands of civilians of Gaza have now been killed.

And I just wonder how you, watching this, knowing your processing that.

JONATHAN DEKEL-CHEN: I t his two little daughters and a daughter to be born in another month, and where they're going to be at a week from now, a month from now, six months from now, immense, immense stress and sadness, coupled with immense sadness at the suffering of the citizens of Gaza.

They don't deserve this.

And I don't believe there's anyone amongst the hostage families who enj And the people of Gaza -- and I have said this before and I will reiterate it -- I believe that they are prisoners of Hamas in a comparable way to the Israeli hostages right now.

The suffering of the people of Gaza is a direct result of the policies, actions and ideologies of Hamas.

And so it would seem, if one ma the answer is clear.

We all will be able the day after the Gazans being able to live normal lives only after Hamas is gone.

AMNA NAWAZ: Jonathan Dekel-Chen, thank you so much for your time, for your grace, and for sharing your family's story with us.

We appreciate it.

JONATHAN DEKEL-C GEOFF BENNETT: Higher education is facing a student mental health crisis.

That's the focus tonight of our series Rethinking College and our reporting on Early Warnings: America's Youth Mental Health Crisis.

We start with Yale University, which earlier this death of a student by suicide in 2021.

According to the agreement, the university will now allow students more flexibilit take lighter course loads and to keep their health care while on medical leave.

Yale agreed to the policy after a group of alumni and students sued the school, arguing the policies discriminated against students with mental health issues.

Willow Sylvester is a Yale graduate who was part of that lawsuit.

She explained what things were like before the settlement.

WILLOW SYLVESTER, Former Student, Yale University: When I my therapist, and I felt super isolated.

Fast-forward to my senior year.

I was a first-year cou I was working directly with An d almost every single one reported these same feeli Mental Health Justice at Yale was founded in the immediate aftermath of Rachael Shaw-Rosenbaum's passing by suicide.

She was a first-year stu The resources that she lacked and th help that she needed were very, very clear.

She had spoken publicly about feeling this need to move and if she could just move down to part-time courses, she would be able to get on top of her mental health, but that that was not an option at Yale.

Another thing which was also related to why Rachael wanted to go par access to Yale's health insurance when you're on leave or withdrawal.

If she had gone home and taken a leave for her mental health, she would lose a her Yale health resources and also her Yale mental health resources while she was home.

And she knew that she needed those.

Both of those, as a result of the settle So students on leave maintain access to their Yale health insurance and do wn to a part-time course load.

We absolutely should not have had to lose a li GEOFF BENNETT: Last year, North Carolina State University saw 14 student deaths, including seven by suicide, leading to concern and criticism about the level of student support.

In a statement to the "NewsHour," North Carolina State said it has expanded mental health resources and access both on campus and to the broader school community.

That includes nearly 30 more counselors and clinical positions in recent years, addit wellness days, greater peer support, and new telehealth options.

Ireland White is a student who started a mental health support group called the Self Love Club and wants to see even more changes.

IRELAND WHITE, Student, North Carolina State University of this year because of the recent suicides on campus.

I thought one of the easiest ways I could give back to my community was to start a club.

We're just trying to build a community of people who want to focus on themselves and try to do something as a collective and create a safe space for people on campus to talk.

There's a lot of anxiety with students today of not being cool enough, not fitting in, not belonging.

I also think in college really contributes to this feeling of anxiety.

Not only are you missing out socially.

You're missing out academically.

And then there's also who's doing the be aspect that you don't even realize takes a toll on how you feel about yourself and your self-esteem.

It was reall away, instead of having a big community meeting or a community gathering, where we could actually discuss about how we can go about this and how people are feeling.

They just kind of introduced the student mental health task force and kind of called it a day.

Doubling the No matter what you're doing on any day of the week, State has an event that's going on right now that you could just go to later tonight or in the morning.

There's always something going on.

But there's an absence of peop GEOFF BENNETT: Let's hear more about what schools may need to do.

Dr. Jessi Gold is assistant professor of psychiatry at Washington Un Dr. Gold, what's the main thing you hear from the students you work with in terms of what they're struggling with?

DR. JESSI GOLD, It's nothing new.

The pandemic But I see anxiety.

I see depression.

College is a So we say substance use.

We see trouble with co And then, obviously, all of that's compounded th e pandemic and then all of the changes that continue to happen in So it's just been really hard.

And college students GEOFF BENNETT: Well, rates of anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation on col never been higher.

What accounts for that?

Is this a ge I mean, to you That's always been true.

What's different about the current mo DR. JESSI GOLD: would love to blame things social media and say it's just social media and one difference.

And I don't I think we def media before.

And that aff And we're looking different, and the way that we're thinking about things is different.

But then there's also the way that we are inte is also different, and there's a lot of loneliness.

And that's contributing.

I think that we ta And, sometimes, that leads to overpathologizin and anxiety with a big D and a big A, meaning the diagnosis, as opposed to the symptom.

So I think it's good that we talk about it more, but it might mean that people then associate with the actual diagnosis, as opposed to just the symptoms.

So we're getting in this situation where it's hard to know, with the actual feelings or are they actually struggling something where the see me?

GEOFF BENNET the loneliness that students are feeling?

Is this a structural thing that colleges have to a DR. JESSI GOLD: So we talk about, how is mental health included campuses, right?

So, things l they leave, they feel comfortable asking for help, that they feel comfortable coming back on campus, that they're able to do that?

That's really important.

There's ment But it's also, how do students feel that those faculty feel comfortable even talking to those students?

Because I see faculty too, and they don't -- they haven't had training in Th ey're not psychiatrists.

And they're often the first An d they're supposed to support them through as faculty members, as administrators.

And they need the support to be able to do So how do we make it easier for faculty talking to faculty, for them to notice stuff, so they get seen earlier, so then they come to me and they can talk to each other earlier too?

GEOFF BENNETT: We have heard how students say they want more School administrators obviously have to abide by health privacy and conf There might be concerns about reputational damage to the colleges and universities.

Some administrators have a concern that the more they talk about suicide, that that might in some ways encourage or might lead to more deaths by suicide.

How should university and college leaders, how often should they talk about this and how should they talk about it?

DR. JESSI GOLD: ask about things, the worse it is.

So, as a psychiatrist, we're encourag It doesn't mean that we're going to make patients then think about it.

We don't implant those ideas.

In fact, we support peop So it's important for college to be a safe place to have those st udents to feel safe from the minute they get on campus, to talk about mental health from prevention to intervention.

The only way And you can't be scared to talk about it.

And we can't be just super reactionary, where th e campuses where something really bad happens.

GEOFF BENNETT: The campuses that are getti that help students do their best and feel their best?

DR. JESSI GOLD: to emulate across the country.

And I don't know t And I think that's because every college is probably a little And so I think colleges need to figure out exactly what their population want So, instead of just making a cookie-cutter mold of what everybody wants and should be doing, we need to do that.

I think we need to have ca n get it.

But that can We can't just say the answer is more t and people will always use more therapists, but you will run out of that as a resource.

So you have to start earlier with peer support, with supporting faculty and staff and helpin students earlier, with helping students feel comfortable talking to each other and noticing signs and symptoms in themselves.

That sort of thing is really easy, an changes to how we talk to each other and how we make changes on campus.

GEOFF BENNETT: Dr. Jessi Gold, assistant professor of psychiatry at the Was in St. Louis, thanks for your time.

DR. JESSI GOLD: GEOFF BENNET call or text the suicide and crisis hot line at 988.

You can also visit 988lifeline.org.

AMNA NAWAZ: Steubenville, Ohio, was once a powerhouse of American manufacturing, a c of economic prosperity driven by steel mills.

But like many communities that depended on that industry, Steubenville to find its place in the modern American economy, even as the country as a whole contin see high growth and employment.

Judy Woodruff visited the small city in Ohio to t say they feel forgotten, as part of her ongoing series America at a Crossroads.

ANNOUNCER: This is a story about some people, some American people who live along the Ohio River, in a valley nestled amid three states, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.

JOHN SAUNDERS, United Steelworkers Representative: When I came out of high school, you could pick wherever you wanted.

It was like a cafeteria.

Where do you want JUDY WOODRUFF: John Saunders is th e steel industry in Steubenville, Ohio, for over 40 years.

He still remembers how it used to be.

JOHN SAUNDERS: People were hiring, and you had op fit.

I don't thin JUDY WOODRUFF: Much has changed since the glory years of the 1950s, '60s and Growing competition from Asia began shuttering mills in the '80s, and the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement, or NAFTA, in 1994 only accelerated that trend.

As jobs went away, the Steubenville metro area's population plummeted from 163,000 in 1980 to just over 114,000 today.

Saunders says people in this region feel betrayed.

JOHN SAUNDERS: They're bitter their families left.

They're bitter that they can't get their family.

These jobs over the years were third, four, five generations of the same families working there.

Everybody don't live happi There's been some real pain.

JUDY WOODRUFF: A q to 11.5 percent nationally.

And the median income in Steubenville is $39,000, compared wit REV.

ASHLEY STEEL where you can shop, choose the items that you would like.

JUDY WOODRUFF: Pastor Ashley Steele at the Urban Mission Ministries is trying to help fill the gap for those in need.

REV.

ASHLEY STEEL throughout an entire year.

During the height of the pandemic, we wer JUDY WOODRUFF: But it sounds like you still have a large number of people to serve.

REV.

ASHLEY STEEL JUDY WOODRUFF: The poverty here residents.

All of the downtown area is And on the south side of town, life expectancy is 17 years below the national average.

James and Lisa Bogo have two children aged 2 and 16.

They rely on food assistance from the Urban Mission to feed their young family.

They say inflation has made it difficult to afford necessities.

LISA BOGO, Parent: Food pantries, you know, they're helping a lot.

And it's sad because he works hard, very hard.

And I might stay at home with them, but, at one point, I was working too.

And it still wasn't enough.

JUDY WOODRUFF: Despite the and 30 percent of the Urban Mission's shelter budget, people here are frustrated by a feeling that their struggles are being ignored by Washington.

One resident recently complained: "We're the flyover country in flyover country."

Do you feel Washington hears what's happening in communities like these?

JAMES BOGO, Parent: No, no.

No, they don LISA BOGO: N Not at all.

(CROSSTALK) JUDY WOODRUF LISA BOGO: H if you look at the world, and you look at our country, you see all these immigrant groups, people coming in from other countries.

They get tons of assista But what about the people who live here, who are Amer our lives?

You know, we kin It's almost we don't matter enough.

Maybe our votes don't matter enough.

I don't know what the case JUDY WOODRUFF: Those votes have shifte With its steel unions, this used to be a Democratic stronghold and a vital stop on presidential campaigns.

In fact, I v Barack Obama carried it narrowly in 2008.

But eight years later, and again in 2020, Donald Trump won the county overwhelmingly.

And many would like to see him return again next year.

JAMES BOGO: If Donald Trump takes it, I think we will be better off.

LISA BOGO: When Donald Trump was president, our area was not as bad, it JA MES BOGO: As bad as it is now.

LISA BOGO: People had gas.

People had food.

Didn't seem (CROSSTALK) JAMES BOGO: now.

LISA BOGO: Y JAMES BOGO: JUDY WOODRUFF: I will have a beer.

I will have a beer.

CARMEN DESTEFANO, Retired Steelworker: MAN: Bud Lig CARMEN DESTE JUDY WOODRUF Over at the whose son Carmen Jr. followed him into the industry.

CARMEN DESTEFANO: My son was lucky.

He got a job in a steel mill right out of high But right now, he lost his job at Wheeling Steel.

He went -- fortunately, he got a job at Weirton Steel, and he's la Whether he's going to go back or not, I can't predict that.

JUDY WOODRUFF: Who does he blame for what's happened in his CARMEN DESTEFANO: You don't want to know that question.

The Democrats.

Me and him arg He blames the Democrats.

JUDY WOODRUFF: And what does he say CARMEN DESTEFANO: They have An d he loves Trump.

Now, figure it out.

My dad is rolling over in hi Me, I'm a staunch Democrat.

My brothers were staunch -- and my son is a JUDY WOODRUFF: While many white working-class voters have shifted to the right, 2020 exit polls show that among all voters earning less than $50,000 a year, including all racial groups, the majority went for Joe Biden, not Trump.

About one in six Steubenville residents is Black, and City Councillor Royal Mayo says his community has been hit the hardest.

ROYAL MAYO, Steubenville, Ohio, City Council: always been a struggle.

Even in the best of It's sad to say, but just like everywhere else, our unemployment was already twice unemployment before the downturn.

JUDY WOODRUFF: Mayo says all dollars.

The city won a building an outdoor learning center.

ROYAL MAYO: It's going to be right here.

It's going to be a communi It's going to be a JUDY WOODRUFF: And he and others are n the north end of town.

But he says many people here don't re ROYAL MAYO: I'm not 100 percent satisfied with the Democrats too, but I shouldn't be.

I mean, they're not there to just serve me, because all my fellow Democrats don't agree with me on every point.

But there needs to be a middle on to get some things done for the people.

CHANDLER HOFFMAN, Student: Half my day is college JUDY WOODRUFF: Oh, OK. CHANDLER HOF JUDY WOODRUFF: The hope for better days ahead is shared by Cha the high school football team who plans to attend college.

CHANDLER HOFFMAN: I want to be a civil engineer or a mechanical engineer.

I think I will come back to this place after college.

It's like a home to me.

I really don't want to JUDY WOODRUFF: With 20 a new science, technology, engineering and math building.

On a damp Friday night just before Halloween, the Steubenville Big Red had their first playoff game.

Chandler, an The final score, 42-0 Steubenville, a welcome victory for a city that feels it's out on its share of wins and would love to turn that around.

For the "PBS NewsHour," I'm Judy Woodruff in Steubenville, Ohio.

GEOFF BENNETT: Join us again here tomorrow night, as we have a look at how Russian oil is making its way to the U.S., despite Western sanctions.

And that is the "NewsHour" for tonight.

I'm Geoff Bennett.

AMNA NAWAZ: On behalf of