Hi.

I'm Rudy Maxa on the island of Oahu.

Now, you know about the sunshine, the waving palms, and secluded beaches, but did you know that there's a royal palace in our 50th state?

Or that Kauai has its own Grand Canyon?

Well, stay with us.

Next, it's the Hawaiian Islands of Oahu and Kauai on "Smart Travels."

[Announcer] Major corporate support for "Smart Travels with Rudy Maxa" is provided by... ♪ [Rudy Maxa] Over the years, Public Television has shown you the world, educated you about it, and inspired you to see it for yourself.

Expedia can help you get there with flights, hotels, and vacation packages.

♪ "Smart Travels with Rudy Maxa" is brought to you in part by the people at Expedia.

♪ [Announcer] Additional support from MedjetAssist.com, medical evacuation membership protection for travelers.

Take trips, not chances.

(music) [Narrator] "Smart Travels is a grand tour of the world's great destinations, the people, places, and unique local flavors.

Now tips, trips, and secret places on "Smart Travels Pacific Rim."

(music) [Rudy] Hawaii's "aloha" means the joyful sharing of life energy.

It's a spirit that prevails from urban, complex Honolulu to the pristine island of Kauai.

Aloha is a traveler's welcome to adventure, daydreams, and the tradition of soaking up sunshine.

Once you've taken in the islands, Queen Liliuokalani's words in "Aloha Oe" ring true: "One fond embrace until we meet again."

[Singer] ♪ Until we meet again ♪ ♪ [Rudy] Hawaii includes a 1,500-mile chain of islands and reefs, but 99% of the land is on a group of eight islands.

We'll visit Oahu, the third largest island, then we'll hop north to explore Kauai, the exquisite Garden Island.

Our first stop is Honolulu, where I've settled in at one of the grande dames of Oahu, the Royal Hawaiian Hotel.

She's been a treasured landmark for 80 years.

The pink palace still retains her Spanish Moor style of the 1920s, when wealthy tourists strolled into the lobby with servants and steamer trunks, and they partied big-time.

But before we party, let's take a look around the capital of this 50th state of ours.

It's popular to discount Honolulu as too touristy, nothing except glitzy high-rises.

♪ But linger here long enough, and you'll see for yourself why Oahu has come to mean "The Gathering Place," gathering together the most diverse peoples in the Pacific.

You'll see also why more than 80% of the million residents in Hawaii live on this island.

For visitors to Oahu, water rules: getting in it, on it, under it.

♪ And fabled Waikiki Beach, a frenzied galaxy unto itself, still lures visitors to the water's edge, to the sublime white sand shores, rolling surf, and the dramatic backdrop of the extinct volcano that's symbolic of Waikiki, Diamond Head.

(music) ♪ Getting out to observe the island from the water is a must.

A catamaran with an expert in charge was our best way to go.

♪ Outriggers have spent 30,000 years in the survival and transport of Pacific Rim peoples.

♪ Best guess is that Hawaiians first came ashore between 300 and 500 A.D. That's 1,500 years of seafaring history.

♪ ♪ The Hawaii Maritime Center brings that history alive, with displays from ancient canoes to modern ships.

♪ Tales unfold of the volcanic birth of the islands and the voyages of Polynesian sailors and European explorers.

(bell rings) You can imagine yourself onboard the "Falls of Clyde," tooling along in full sail as this vessel last did in 1921.

♪ It's the only surviving original fully rigged, four-masted ship left in the world.

♪ The British merchant who breezed into this harbor in the late 1700s aptly named the tiny village Fair Haven, later translated in Hawaiian to Honolulu.

Behind me is the port, and over there is downtown Honolulu, the capital of Hawaii for more than 150 years.

No longer a tiny village, Honolulu is a perfect repository of island history.

(music) Prominent in the Capital District is Iolani Palace, the only official state palace in the United States.

♪ Lovingly built in 1882 by King Kalakaua, the palace stood as Hawaii's royal residence and center of government.

From the palace grounds, islanders watched their national flag come down 11 years later.

When Queen Liliuokalani tried to create a new constitution that gave more power to Hawaiians, a committee of American businessmen staged a coup d'etat.

They overthrew the Queen and eventually imprisoned her in the palace for eight months.

In 1900, the Hawaiian Islands officially became a territory of the U.S. and, in 1959, our 50th state.

(music) When you're hungry in Oahu, the world is yours.

Where else can one find a better mix of multicultural cuisine?

There's Polynesian food here, of course, but for more than 80 years, immigrants from China, Japan, Portugal, and Puerto Rico have brought their specialty foods as well.

On a tip from a local, we stopped in at the Irifune Japanese Restaurant, a short drive from Waikiki Beach.

It's no secret that Hawaii's cost of living is one of America's highest, but per capita income is below average, so if you explore off the beaten track, you can find a reasonably priced, delicious, authentic meal.

In fact, I think sushi and sashimi are the hamburgers and french fries of the islands.

[Waitress] Okay, here's the ahi sashimi.

Ahi sashimi.

Beautiful.

Spicy ahi sushi... All right.

Spicy rolls, and this is the ahi avocado tartare with wasabi sauce.

Thank you.

(music) [Rudy] A complex past shaped the core of this island state, and in the last 100 years, there's been a rebirth of appreciation for Hawaiian tradition and values.

(man singing in Hawaiian on soundtrack) [Rudy] The Bishop Museum is the place to study early Hawaiian culture that ends in 1820 with the arrival of American missionaries.

♪ It's believed that Polynesians from the Marquesas first came to Hawaii between 300 and 500 A.D., followed centuries later by Tahitians, who conquered the islands.

♪ It's all here-- 25 million artifacts to bring alive the peoples of the Pacific and the story of migration to these islands.

♪ (kids playing) (music) [Rudy] We've returned to the madcap beach scene of Waikiki.

♪ Surfing was called the sport of kings because for generations, only Hawaiian royalty was allowed to play.

Duke Kahanamoku changed all that.

In 1908, the first Hawaiian Olympic swimming champion organized an amateur surfing club.

There was no turning back.

Now the Duke is revered for bringing this once-elite sport to the world.

Today, everyone, except me, wants to be king of the surf, and for that, they turn to the beach boys.

♪ Didi Robello comes naturally to his beach boy career.

His father started as a beach boy here in 1932, and his mother is related to the Duke.

[Robello] The ocean is dangerous anywhere.

Out here we have a sandbar, and some people, they figure that if they can't swim, they'll walk out on the sandbar.

But the current, say you take a step, it moves you a foot sideways, and the next thing you know, you're in the deep and you're screaming for help on a calm day.

What do you tell maybe a first-time visitor to Hawaii?

How should they make the most of their vacation here?

My advice would be to do the beach first.

The shopping, the restaurants, that's all open at night, and during bad weather.

Over here, you can have a beautiful day, like it is today.

Tomorrow, it can be stormy, so do the beach stuff first.

Don't wait for your last day.

♪ [Rudy] And save time for Waikiki's grande dames.

Stroll past the Royal Hawaiian to the elegant Sheraton Moana Surfrider, built in 1901.

Beyond her is the Halekulani Hotel, also a luxury old-timer.

We've arrived for her sunset show.

We're here to experience and learn about the hula dance from Kanoe Miller, who reigned as Miss Hawaii in 1973.

[Kanoe] The kind of dancing that I do is called hula 'auana, which is modern hula, meaning that I dance in a movement that goes back and forth from right to left.

In the ancient dancing, it was very static.

Originally, it was danced by men, and it was used as a warm-up for warfare.

[Rudy] The hula originated in the Marquesas Islands, and, according to legend, was brought here by the Goddess Laka.

Once the Christian missionaries came to Hawaii, hula was considered a pagan thing, so it was hidden and danced in secret.

In the late 19th century, King Kalakaua declared that his people must renew their culture and invited them to dance again.

[Kanoe] Hula is Hawaii.

It is the dance of Hawaii.

It describes our environment.

Hula is what one sees and what they feel, what they smell, taste, and hear.

It's a dance of our culture.

[Singers] ♪ Has brought me ♪ ♪ The magic of you ♪ ♪ (applause) [Rudy] We can't leave Oahu without making a stop at the most visited site on the island, the memorial at Pearl Harbor.

(music) It was Sunday morning, December 7, 1941, when the Japanese Navy bombed the base and catapulted America into World War II.

The memorial is built over remains of the sunken battleship USS Arizona.

[Man] The ship is a tomb for over 900 sailors that died aboard that vessel.

The ship itself is gonna last a long time, perhaps even 600 to 800 years.

[Rudy] The memorial brings home the impact of loss.

There are the personal effects of a sailor and the wall of names.

The December 7th attack at Oahu's coast took the lives of 2,000 people, nearly half of them from the USS Arizona.

[Rudy] How did the attack change the island of Oahu, generally speaking?

[Daniel] The people that worked in the fields were no longer working so much in those fields as working in the war industries.

After the war was over, those that had enlisted in the service now had the opportunity to go to college.

And when you look at the 442 and 100th Battalion, the Japanese-Americans that came from here, they become the next leaders of Hawaii along with Chinese-Americans and Filipino-Americans.

So, Hawaii was changed forever by World War II.

(music) (man singing in Hawaiian on soundtrack) [Rudy] Hawaii is no stranger to attack.

200 years ago, the islands reunited only after a series of battles led by warrior and future king Kamehameha I.

It was 1795 when King Kamehameha tossed his enemies over the Pali.

He landed his huge armada of 1,200 war canoes and 10,000 soldiers at Waikiki.

No wonder Oahu troops headed for the hills.

Kamehameha sent his best warriors up, and over the cliffs went his enemy.

In 1810, the Hawaiian Islands accepted the reign of King Kamehameha the Great, and his family dynasty ruled for 60 years.

You'll never guess that Pali was once a battlefield.

The view is magic.

♪ Over there is Kailua Beach Park, our final romp by the sea before we fly to Kauai.

For a break from the crowds of Waikiki, check out Kailua, only a 30-minute drive from Honolulu.

It offers a stunning, peaceful scene without a high-rise in sight.

Here you can take a lesson in boogie boarding and kayaking.

One word of caution: when the winds are high, see if lifeguards have posted signs warning of Portuguese man-of-war, the stinging jellyfish.

All clear?

Then in no time, you'll see why Kailua has been called the best beach in the world.

And what a way to go!

The island of Oahu is gorgeous.

The quiet beaches are here waiting for you to explore, and you can drive clear around the island in an easy afternoon.

Paradise?

Oh, you bet.

And there's more.

Kauai, here we come.

(music) Kauai's natural beauty has earned it the title of the Garden Island, and though it offers plenty of attractions for its steady stream of visitors, it still holds on to a local, small-town, rural ambiance.

♪ For those who discover it, one trip is never enough.

♪ Kauai is the farthest north of the Hawaiian Islands.

We're concentrating on the southern part of the island, checking out areas around the main town of Lihue, the ancient center at Wailua Valley, and the Waimea Canyon area.

(music) A truly spectacular introduction to the island is Waimea Canyon, the place Mark Twain dubbed "the Grand Canyon of the Pacific."

Buses now bring up day-trippers, but if you've got the time and your own wheels, this spot deserves some extra attention.

♪ Although most visitors opt for just the view, trails into the canyon can turn the trip into something special.

♪ 3,000 feet deep and 10 miles long, the gorge definitely brings up the question, How did this stunner get made?

Well, you have to go way back in geologic time.

It started when a gigantic earthquake almost split Kauai in two.

The newly-created volcanic island was moving and shaking.

Then the island settled into a steady cycle of erosion, ever deepening and widening the split, a process continuing today.

Scientists tell us that the Hawaiian Islands are drifting north very slowly.

A hot spot of magma is breaking through the Earth's crust.

Each island started sitting on that magma.

Over eons, the islands have drifted off that hot spot and continued north.

Kauai was the first.

It's the oldest and the farthest north.

The Big Island is the youngest, and it's still over that hot spot, spewing up lava.

♪ ♪ As the oldest of the islands, Kauai's had plenty of time for Mother Nature to grind up fine sand for its many beaches.

From these shores, you can look out over the waters where, in 1778, the Hawaiians first sighted the ships of Captain James Cook.

Imagine the scene as the excited islanders, who had never seen such huge ships, crowded the shore, wailing and shouting.

Cook only stayed a few days this time, but his visit forever changed life on the islands.

(man singing in Hawaiian on soundtrack) [Rudy] To get a feel for how those early Hawaiians lived, we're heading north to the Wailua Valley.

(music) As the only navigable river on the island, the Wailua is usually full of pleasure boats.

Kayaks and canoes get you down close and personal.

Or you can take one of the tour boats, and, along the way, pick up a little insight into Kauai's past.

[Man] Those palm trees up there mark the site of the second largest heiau in the valley area, a heiau, in translation, meaning a place of worship or a temple.

♪ [Rudy] Here was the traditional political center of the island.

From this valley, the paramount chief exercised his authority over some 30,000 people.

Along the riverside, you can visit Kamokila, a re-creation of one of the many villages that once filled this valley.

Although the village is small by ancient standards, you get an understanding of how large extended families shared their thatched leaf homes as well as their daily tasks.

[Man] When you're carving, also, it's a very spiritual thing.

Even drums, I carve drums, yeah, and we got to know the history about all the drums and the things that we do.

[Rudy] The early Hawaiians were skilled artisans, diligent farmers and fishermen.

But they had no concept of private property.

Rather, the chiefs oversaw a system of reciprocity that led to a sharing of all products.

♪ But, of course, outside influences changed all that.

A plantation system grew up that introduced private ownership and international trade.

The profits from that trade produced some very gracious living.

A remnant from that time is the Kilohana Plantation.

(music) It's outside the main town of Lihue and features a mansion built in the 1930s by one of the island's big sugar families, the Wilcoxes.

The estate's been lovingly restored as a commercial enterprise filled with art galleries and boutiques.

Original furniture still graces the hallways of the 16,000-square-foot mansion.

(music) Its restaurant calls to mind garden parties back when sugar was king around here.

And to top it off, carriage rides take you further afield into the days of bygone elegance.

(rooster crows) [Man] Today we have more chickens than the human race on Kauai.

We have so much chickens on Kauai today because Kauai is the only island that doesn't have the predator the mongoose.

You'll find the mongoose on every island except Kauai.

We don't want the mongoose to come to Kauai, because the mongoose goes down to the beach and eats all the turtle eggs.

That's why Kauai is the only island that has most turtles because we have no mongoose.

♪ (rooster crows) (chickens clucking) [Rudy] The little town of Koloa opens up more of the sugar story.

Here's where the very first plantation in the islands was established.

♪ The picturesque little town has put together a self-guided tour that fills in some of the history.

You can pick up a copy and check out the points that interest you, from the abandoned mill on the edge of town to the statue honoring waves of immigrant workers.

The Chinese were the first, arriving around 1850 to be followed by Japanese, Portuguese, Filipinos, Norwegians, Koreans, Puerto Ricans, Spaniards, and Russians.

♪ These laborers provided the ethnic mix that characterizes Hawaii today.

With them came their culture, their music, their food, their religion.

All contributed to the unique culture of Hawaii.

♪ The sugar plantations are mostly gone now, but visitors who enjoy nostalgia can check in here at the Waimea Plantation Cottages.

(rooster crows) Each cottage is a renovated home of former plantation workers, most dating from the early 1900s.

And many were moved here from now defunct plantations around the island.

The 27-acre site on Waimea Bay offers tranquility incarnate.

Here's where you hide away to write that great novel.

And, oh, how easy it is to forget that the laborers who lived in these cottages spent their days doing backbreaking, hot, and dirty jobs.

(birds chirping) But workers and tourists alike need a night out, and in Kauai it could be Smith's Luau.

(Man singing in Hawaiian) [Rudy] Run by a local Hawaiian family, it demonstrates an authentic respect for things Hawaiian.

♪ It's a memorable evening in a dramatic setting.

(singing in Hawaiian continues) ♪ ♪ (applause) [Rudy] Come morning, we're taking a quick trip to the McBryde Gardens.

Plantings began here in the late 1900s, when Queen Emma used these grounds as a summer palace.

As the national tropical botanical garden, its 250 acres provide a peaceful place to remind us why Kauai has been dubbed The Garden Island.

♪ Well, it's time to say aloha.

Now, that's an interesting word.

It's an expression of affection and a greeting, a kind of hello and farewell all in one.

It's not a good-bye, but rather a "Trust we'll meet again."

So, in true Polynesian tradition, I wish you aloha and mahalo, that's thank you, for joining us.

[Announcer] To order the two-episode DVD or VHS on Maui and the Big Island, Oahu, and Kauai, or any other "Smart Travels" destinations, please visit us online at smarttravels.tv or call 800-866-7425.

DVDs and videos are $24.95 each, plus shipping.

Each DVD includes more than an hour of exclusive bonus clips and Rudy's travel tips.

Order at this toll-free number or online.

♪ ♪ ♪ [Announcer] Major corporate support for "Smart Travels with Rudy Maxa" is provided by... ♪ [Rudy Maxa] Over the years, Public Television has shown you the world, educated you about it, and inspired you to see it for yourself.

Expedia can help you get there with flights, hotels, and vacation packages.

♪ "Smart Travels with Rudy Maxa" is brought to you in part by the people at Expedia.

♪ [Announcer] Additional support from MedjetAssist.com, medical evacuation membership protection for travelers.

Take trips, not chances.

♪