>>> COMING UP, LUCKY SEVERSON >>> COMING UP, LUCKY SEVERSON REPORTS ON HOW THE COUNTRY'S >>> COMING UP, LUCKY SEVERSON REPORTS ON HOW THE COUNTRY'S JAILS AND PRISONS HAVE BECOME REPORTS ON HOW THE COUNTRY'S JAILS AND PRISONS HAVE BECOME LAST RESORT CARETAKERS FOR THE JAILS AND PRISONS HAVE BECOME LAST RESORT CARETAKERS FOR THE MENTALLY ILL. LAST RESORT CARETAKERS FOR THE MENTALLY ILL. AND 2013 IS THE 50th ANNIVERSARY MENTALLY ILL. AND 2013 IS THE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF A PIVOTAL YEAR FOR THE CIVIL AND 2013 IS THE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF A PIVOTAL YEAR FOR THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT.

OF A PIVOTAL YEAR FOR THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT.

KIM LAWTON TALKS TO RENOWNED RIGHTS MOVEMENT.

KIM LAWTON TALKS TO RENOWNED AUTHOR TAYLOR KIM LAWTON TALKS TO RENOWNED AUTHOR TAYLOR >>> WELCOME I'M BOB ABERNETHY, AUTHOR TAYLOR >>> WELCOME I'M BOB ABERNETHY, IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH US.

>>> WELCOME I'M BOB ABERNETHY, IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH US.

THERE WAS A RENEWED IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH US.

THERE WAS A RENEWED INTERNATIONAL PUSH THIS WEEK FOR THERE WAS A RENEWED INTERNATIONAL PUSH THIS WEEK FOR AN END TO THE CIVIL WAR IN INTERNATIONAL PUSH THIS WEEK FOR AN END TO THE CIVIL WAR IN SYRIA.

AN END TO THE CIVIL WAR IN SYRIA.

AT THIS WEEK'S G-8 MEETING IN SYRIA.

AT THIS WEEK'S G-8 MEETING IN NORTHERN IRELAND, PARTICIPATING AT THIS WEEK'S G-8 MEETING IN NORTHERN IRELAND, PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES CALLED FOR PEACE TALKS NORTHERN IRELAND, PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES CALLED FOR PEACE TALKS TO BE HELD AS SOON AS POSSIBLE, COUNTRIES CALLED FOR PEACE TALKS TO BE HELD AS SOON AS POSSIBLE, BUT DID NOT DEMAND THAT TO BE HELD AS SOON AS POSSIBLE, BUT DID NOT DEMAND THAT PRESIDENT BASHAR AL ASSAD STEP BUT DID NOT DEMAND THAT PRESIDENT BASHAR AL ASSAD STEP DOWN.

PRESIDENT BASHAR AL ASSAD STEP DOWN.

THEY PLEDGED $1.5 BILLION IN DOWN.

THEY PLEDGED $1.5 BILLION IN HUMANITARIAN AID.

THEY PLEDGED $1.5 BILLION IN HUMANITARIAN AID.

RELIGIOUS GROUPS WERE MAINLY HUMANITARIAN AID.

RELIGIOUS GROUPS WERE MAINLY SUPPORTIVE OF THE EFFORT SAYING RELIGIOUS GROUPS WERE MAINLY SUPPORTIVE OF THE EFFORT SAYING A CEASE-FIRE SHOULD BE THE TOP SUPPORTIVE OF THE EFFORT SAYING A CEASE-FIRE SHOULD BE THE TOP PRIORITY.

A CEASE-FIRE SHOULD BE THE TOP PRIORITY.

SOME, HOWEVER, CAUTIONED AGAINST PRIORITY.

SOME, HOWEVER, CAUTIONED AGAINST PRESIDENT OBAMA'S RECENT SOME, HOWEVER, CAUTIONED AGAINST PRESIDENT OBAMA'S RECENT DECISION TO ARM THE SYRIAN PRESIDENT OBAMA'S RECENT DECISION TO ARM THE SYRIAN REBELS.

DECISION TO ARM THE SYRIAN REBELS.

TWO PROMINENT U.S. CATHOLIC REBELS.

TWO PROMINENT U.S. CATHOLIC BISHOPS WARNED THAT WOULD ONLY TWO PROMINENT U.S. CATHOLIC BISHOPS WARNED THAT WOULD ONLY INCREASE THE VIOLENCE AND BISHOPS WARNED THAT WOULD ONLY INCREASE THE VIOLENCE AND SUFFERING.

INCREASE THE VIOLENCE AND SUFFERING.

EVANGELIST FRANKLIN GRAHAM SUFFERING.

EVANGELIST FRANKLIN GRAHAM VOICED SIMILAR CONCERNS, ADDING EVANGELIST FRANKLIN GRAHAM VOICED SIMILAR CONCERNS, ADDING THE OPPOSITION IS NO BETTER THAN VOICED SIMILAR CONCERNS, ADDING THE OPPOSITION IS NO BETTER THAN THE ASSAD REGIME.

THE OPPOSITION IS NO BETTER THAN THE ASSAD REGIME.

ACCORDING TO THE UNITED NATIONS, THE ASSAD REGIME.

ACCORDING TO THE UNITED NATIONS, 93,000 PEOPLE HAVE DIED IN THE ACCORDING TO THE UNITED NATIONS, 93,000 PEOPLE HAVE DIED IN THE TWO-YEAR CONFLICT.

93,000 PEOPLE HAVE DIED IN THE TWO-YEAR CONFLICT.

THE NUMBER OF SYRIANS FLEEING TWO-YEAR CONFLICT.

THE NUMBER OF SYRIANS FLEEING THE VIOLENCE HAS SURPASSED 1.6 THE NUMBER OF SYRIANS FLEEING THE VIOLENCE HAS SURPASSED 1.6 MILLION.

THE VIOLENCE HAS SURPASSED 1.6 MILLION.

>>> IN OTHER NEWS, AS PART OF MILLION.

>>> IN OTHER NEWS, AS PART OF THE NEW GUN SAFETY MEASURES FROM >>> IN OTHER NEWS, AS PART OF THE NEW GUN SAFETY MEASURES FROM THE WHITE HOUSE, VICE PRESIDENT THE NEW GUN SAFETY MEASURES FROM THE WHITE HOUSE, VICE PRESIDENT BIDEN THIS WEEK ISSUED THE WHITE HOUSE, VICE PRESIDENT BIDEN THIS WEEK ISSUED GUIDELINES FOR INSTITUTIONS, BIDEN THIS WEEK ISSUED GUIDELINES FOR INSTITUTIONS, INCLUDING HOUSES OF WORSHIP GUIDELINES FOR INSTITUTIONS, INCLUDING HOUSES OF WORSHIP ABOUT RESPONDING TO A MASS INCLUDING HOUSES OF WORSHIP ABOUT RESPONDING TO A MASS SHOOTING.

ABOUT RESPONDING TO A MASS SHOOTING.

ONE OF THE SUGGESTIONS, FIGHT SHOOTING.

ONE OF THE SUGGESTIONS, FIGHT BACK.

ONE OF THE SUGGESTIONS, FIGHT BACK.

CONGREGANTS ARE ADVISED FIRST TO BACK.

CONGREGANTS ARE ADVISED FIRST TO TRY TO ESCAPE, THEN TO HIDE, AND CONGREGANTS ARE ADVISED FIRST TO TRY TO ESCAPE, THEN TO HIDE, AND AS A LAST RESORT, ADULTS ARE TRY TO ESCAPE, THEN TO HIDE, AND AS A LAST RESORT, ADULTS ARE TOLD TO USE AGGRESSIVE FORCE TO AS A LAST RESORT, ADULTS ARE TOLD TO USE AGGRESSIVE FORCE TO DISRUPT OR INCAPACITATE THE TOLD TO USE AGGRESSIVE FORCE TO DISRUPT OR INCAPACITATE THE SHOOTER.

DISRUPT OR INCAPACITATE THE SHOOTER.

HOUSES OF WORSHIP ARE TOLD TO SHOOTER.

HOUSES OF WORSHIP ARE TOLD TO DECIDE THEIR OWN POLICIES ON HOUSES OF WORSHIP ARE TOLD TO DECIDE THEIR OWN POLICIES ON WEAPONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH LOCAL DECIDE THEIR OWN POLICIES ON WEAPONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH LOCAL LAWS.

WEAPONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH LOCAL LAWS.

>>> EXODUS INTERNATIONAL HAS LAWS.

>>> EXODUS INTERNATIONAL HAS BEEN A CONTROVERSIAL CHRISTIAN >>> EXODUS INTERNATIONAL HAS BEEN A CONTROVERSIAL CHRISTIAN GROUP THAT PROMOTED REPAIRIVE BEEN A CONTROVERSIAL CHRISTIAN GROUP THAT PROMOTED REPAIRIVE THERAPY TO TRY TO CHANGE THE GROUP THAT PROMOTED REPAIRIVE THERAPY TO TRY TO CHANGE THE SEXUAL ORIENTATION OF GAYS.

THERAPY TO TRY TO CHANGE THE SEXUAL ORIENTATION OF GAYS.

BUT NOW, EXODUS HAS ANNOUNCED IT SEXUAL ORIENTATION OF GAYS.

BUT NOW, EXODUS HAS ANNOUNCED IT IS CLOSING, AND LAUNCHING A NEW BUT NOW, EXODUS HAS ANNOUNCED IT IS CLOSING, AND LAUNCHING A NEW MINISTRY, INSTEAD, TO HELP IS CLOSING, AND LAUNCHING A NEW MINISTRY, INSTEAD, TO HELP CHURCHES HOST THOUGHTFUL AND MINISTRY, INSTEAD, TO HELP CHURCHES HOST THOUGHTFUL AND SAFE CONVERSATIONS ABOUT CHURCHES HOST THOUGHTFUL AND SAFE CONVERSATIONS ABOUT SEXUALITY.

SAFE CONVERSATIONS ABOUT SEXUALITY.

EXODUS' PRESIDENT ALLEN CHAMBERS SEXUALITY.

EXODUS' PRESIDENT ALLEN CHAMBERS ISSUED AN OPEN APOLOGY TO GAYS EXODUS' PRESIDENT ALLEN CHAMBERS ISSUED AN OPEN APOLOGY TO GAYS AND LESBIANS FOR, QUOTE, YEARS ISSUED AN OPEN APOLOGY TO GAYS AND LESBIANS FOR, QUOTE, YEARS OF UNDUE SUFFERING AND JUDGMENT AND LESBIANS FOR, QUOTE, YEARS OF UNDUE SUFFERING AND JUDGMENT AT THE HANDS OF EXODUS.

OF UNDUE SUFFERING AND JUDGMENT AT THE HANDS OF EXODUS.

HE ACKNOWLEDGED THAT HAD PUSHED AT THE HANDS OF EXODUS.

HE ACKNOWLEDGED THAT HAD PUSHED MANY PEOPLE AGAINST FAITH.

HE ACKNOWLEDGED THAT HAD PUSHED MANY PEOPLE AGAINST FAITH.

HOWEVER, CHAMBERS SAID HE WOULD MANY PEOPLE AGAINST FAITH.

HOWEVER, CHAMBERS SAID HE WOULD NOT APOLOGIZE FOR HIS CONTINUED HOWEVER, CHAMBERS SAID HE WOULD NOT APOLOGIZE FOR HIS CONTINUED BELIEFS ABOUT WHAT HE CALLED THE NOT APOLOGIZE FOR HIS CONTINUED BELIEFS ABOUT WHAT HE CALLED THE SCRIPTURAL BOUNDARIES BELIEFS ABOUT WHAT HE CALLED THE SCRIPTURAL BOUNDARIES SURROUNDING SEX.

SCRIPTURAL BOUNDARIES SURROUNDING SEX.

>>> NEXT WEEK, THE U.S. SUPREME SURROUNDING SEX.

>>> NEXT WEEK, THE U.S. SUPREME COURT IS EXPECTED TO HAND DOWN >>> NEXT WEEK, THE U.S. SUPREME COURT IS EXPECTED TO HAND DOWN SEVERAL DECISIONS SURE TO BE COURT IS EXPECTED TO HAND DOWN SEVERAL DECISIONS SURE TO BE CONTROVERSIAL, NOT LEAST IN THE SEVERAL DECISIONS SURE TO BE CONTROVERSIAL, NOT LEAST IN THE RELIGIOUS COMMUNITY.

CONTROVERSIAL, NOT LEAST IN THE RELIGIOUS COMMUNITY.

ONE IS ON THE VALIDITY OF GAY RELIGIOUS COMMUNITY.

ONE IS ON THE VALIDITY OF GAY MARRIAGE.

ONE IS ON THE VALIDITY OF GAY MARRIAGE.

ANOTHER IS AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN MARRIAGE.

ANOTHER IS AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN COLLEGE ADMISSIONS.

ANOTHER IS AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN COLLEGE ADMISSIONS.

SHOULD THE RACE OF AN APPLICANT COLLEGE ADMISSIONS.

SHOULD THE RACE OF AN APPLICANT BE A CONSIDERATION?

SHOULD THE RACE OF AN APPLICANT BE A CONSIDERATION?

TIM O'BRIEN HAS A PREVIEW.

BE A CONSIDERATION?

TIM O'BRIEN HAS A PREVIEW.

>> Reporter: THE CASE WAS TIM O'BRIEN HAS A PREVIEW.

>> Reporter: THE CASE WAS BROUGHT BY ABIGAIL FISHER, WHO >> Reporter: THE CASE WAS BROUGHT BY ABIGAIL FISHER, WHO CLAIMED SHE WAS DENIED ADMISSION BROUGHT BY ABIGAIL FISHER, WHO CLAIMED SHE WAS DENIED ADMISSION TO THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT CLAIMED SHE WAS DENIED ADMISSION TO THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN BECAUSE SHE IS WHITE.

TO THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN BECAUSE SHE IS WHITE.

>> I HOPE THE COURT RULES THAT AUSTIN BECAUSE SHE IS WHITE.

>> I HOPE THE COURT RULES THAT RACE AND ETHNICITY SHOULD NOT BE >> I HOPE THE COURT RULES THAT RACE AND ETHNICITY SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED WHEN APPLYING TO THE RACE AND ETHNICITY SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED WHEN APPLYING TO THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS.

CONSIDERED WHEN APPLYING TO THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS.

>> Reporter: BUT THE UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS.

>> Reporter: BUT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, LIKE MOST MAJOR >> Reporter: BUT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, LIKE MOST MAJOR AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES, DOES OF TEXAS, LIKE MOST MAJOR AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES, DOES CONSIDER RACE AND ETHNICITY IN AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES, DOES CONSIDER RACE AND ETHNICITY IN ORDER TO PROMOTE DIVERSITY IN CONSIDER RACE AND ETHNICITY IN ORDER TO PROMOTE DIVERSITY IN THE STUDENT BODY.

ORDER TO PROMOTE DIVERSITY IN THE STUDENT BODY.

THE UNIVERSITY'S VICE PRESIDENT THE STUDENT BODY.

THE UNIVERSITY'S VICE PRESIDENT FOR DIVERSITY AND COMMUNITY THE UNIVERSITY'S VICE PRESIDENT FOR DIVERSITY AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT SAYS SO MANY FACTORS FOR DIVERSITY AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT SAYS SO MANY FACTORS ARE CONSIDERED, THE DECISION OF ENGAGEMENT SAYS SO MANY FACTORS ARE CONSIDERED, THE DECISION OF WHO TO ADMIT NEVER TURNS ON RACE ARE CONSIDERED, THE DECISION OF WHO TO ADMIT NEVER TURNS ON RACE ALONE.

WHO TO ADMIT NEVER TURNS ON RACE ALONE.

>> DIVERSITY, AND MUST BE MORE ALONE.

>> DIVERSITY, AND MUST BE MORE APPOINTED, RACIAL DIVERSITY IS >> DIVERSITY, AND MUST BE MORE APPOINTED, RACIAL DIVERSITY IS USED AS ONE FACTOR AMONG MANY.

APPOINTED, RACIAL DIVERSITY IS USED AS ONE FACTOR AMONG MANY.

SO MUCH SO THAT IT'S VERY USED AS ONE FACTOR AMONG MANY.

SO MUCH SO THAT IT'S VERY DIFFICULT TO PINPOINT, OH, THAT SO MUCH SO THAT IT'S VERY DIFFICULT TO PINPOINT, OH, THAT STUDENT WOULD HAVE GOTTEN IN IF DIFFICULT TO PINPOINT, OH, THAT STUDENT WOULD HAVE GOTTEN IN IF THEY WERE WHITE OR IF THAT STUDENT WOULD HAVE GOTTEN IN IF THEY WERE WHITE OR IF THAT STUDENT WOULD ARE GOT IN BECAUSE THEY WERE WHITE OR IF THAT STUDENT WOULD ARE GOT IN BECAUSE THEY'RE BLACK.

STUDENT WOULD ARE GOT IN BECAUSE THEY'RE BLACK.

WHAT WE KNOW IS THAT THERE ARE THEY'RE BLACK.

WHAT WE KNOW IS THAT THERE ARE AFRICAN-AMERICAN STUDENTS WHO WHAT WE KNOW IS THAT THERE ARE AFRICAN-AMERICAN STUDENTS WHO ARE DENIED ADMISSION WITH HIGHER AFRICAN-AMERICAN STUDENTS WHO ARE DENIED ADMISSION WITH HIGHER CREDENTIALS THAN WHITE STUDENTS.

ARE DENIED ADMISSION WITH HIGHER CREDENTIALS THAN WHITE STUDENTS.

>> Reporter: LAWYERS FOR THE CREDENTIALS THAN WHITE STUDENTS.

>> Reporter: LAWYERS FOR THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION, IN DEFENSE >> Reporter: LAWYERS FOR THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION, IN DEFENSE OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION, PRESSED OBAMA ADMINISTRATION, IN DEFENSE OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION, PRESSED THAT CLAIM TO A SKEPTICAL OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION, PRESSED THAT CLAIM TO A SKEPTICAL SUPREME COURT.

THAT CLAIM TO A SKEPTICAL SUPREME COURT.

HERE'S AN EXCERPT.

SUPREME COURT.

HERE'S AN EXCERPT.

>> THE TWO APPLICANTS ARE HERE'S AN EXCERPT.

>> THE TWO APPLICANTS ARE ENTIRELY THE SAME IN ALL OTHER >> THE TWO APPLICANTS ARE ENTIRELY THE SAME IN ALL OTHER RESPECTS.

ENTIRELY THE SAME IN ALL OTHER RESPECTS.

>> THE POINT -- RESPECTS.

>> THE POINT -- >> AND IF THE ABILITY TO GIVE A >> THE POINT -- >> AND IF THE ABILITY TO GIVE A RACIAL PREFERENCE MEANS ANYTHING >> AND IF THE ABILITY TO GIVE A RACIAL PREFERENCE MEANS ANYTHING AT ALL, IT CERTAINLY HAS TO MEAN RACIAL PREFERENCE MEANS ANYTHING AT ALL, IT CERTAINLY HAS TO MEAN THAT THE MINORITY STUDENT GETS AT ALL, IT CERTAINLY HAS TO MEAN THAT THE MINORITY STUDENT GETS IN AND THE OTHER ONE DOESN'T.

THAT THE MINORITY STUDENT GETS IN AND THE OTHER ONE DOESN'T.

>> I DISAGREE, JUSTICE SCALIA.

IN AND THE OTHER ONE DOESN'T.

>> I DISAGREE, JUSTICE SCALIA.

WHAT TEXAS I THINK HAS MADE >> I DISAGREE, JUSTICE SCALIA.

WHAT TEXAS I THINK HAS MADE CLEAR -- NOT EVERYONE IN WHAT TEXAS I THINK HAS MADE CLEAR -- NOT EVERYONE IN UNDERREPRESENTED GROUP GETS A CLEAR -- NOT EVERYONE IN UNDERREPRESENTED GROUP GETS A PREFERENCE, GETS A PLUS FACTOR.

UNDERREPRESENTED GROUP GETS A PREFERENCE, GETS A PLUS FACTOR.

>> IT'S NOT A MATTER OF NOT PREFERENCE, GETS A PLUS FACTOR.

>> IT'S NOT A MATTER OF NOT EVERYONE.

>> IT'S NOT A MATTER OF NOT EVERYONE.

IT'S A MATTER OF TWO WHICH ARE EVERYONE.

IT'S A MATTER OF TWO WHICH ARE IDENTICAL IN ALL OTHER RESPECTS.

IT'S A MATTER OF TWO WHICH ARE IDENTICAL IN ALL OTHER RESPECTS.

>> RIGHT.

IDENTICAL IN ALL OTHER RESPECTS.

>> RIGHT.

>> WHAT DOES THE RACIAL >> RIGHT.

>> WHAT DOES THE RACIAL PREFERENCE MEAN IF IT DOESN'T >> WHAT DOES THE RACIAL PREFERENCE MEAN IF IT DOESN'T MEAN IN THAT SITUATION THE PREFERENCE MEAN IF IT DOESN'T MEAN IN THAT SITUATION THE MINORITY APPLICANT WINS AND THE MEAN IN THAT SITUATION THE MINORITY APPLICANT WINS AND THE OTHER ONE LOSES?

MINORITY APPLICANT WINS AND THE OTHER ONE LOSES?

>> LAWYERS FOR THE UNIVERSITY OTHER ONE LOSES?

>> LAWYERS FOR THE UNIVERSITY UNABLE TO SAY HOW MUCH DIVERSITY >> LAWYERS FOR THE UNIVERSITY UNABLE TO SAY HOW MUCH DIVERSITY IS ENOUGH OR JUST WHEN UNABLE TO SAY HOW MUCH DIVERSITY IS ENOUGH OR JUST WHEN CONSIDERING RACE MAY NO LONGEREN IS ENOUGH OR JUST WHEN CONSIDERING RACE MAY NO LONGEREN NECESSARY.

CONSIDERING RACE MAY NO LONGEREN NECESSARY.

THE ONLY THING TO HAVE CHANGED NECESSARY.

THE ONLY THING TO HAVE CHANGED SINCE THE SUPREME COURT ALLOWED THE ONLY THING TO HAVE CHANGED SINCE THE SUPREME COURT ALLOWED RACE TO BE CONSIDERED TEN YEARS SINCE THE SUPREME COURT ALLOWED RACE TO BE CONSIDERED TEN YEARS AGO IS THE COMPOSITION OF THE RACE TO BE CONSIDERED TEN YEARS AGO IS THE COMPOSITION OF THE COURT.

AGO IS THE COMPOSITION OF THE COURT.

THE AUTHOR OF THAT DECISION, COURT.

THE AUTHOR OF THAT DECISION, JUSTICE SAND CALIFORNIA O'CONNOR THE AUTHOR OF THAT DECISION, JUSTICE SAND CALIFORNIA O'CONNOR IS NOW GONE, REPLACED BY JUSTICE JUSTICE SAND CALIFORNIA O'CONNOR IS NOW GONE, REPLACED BY JUSTICE SAM ALITO WHO HAS BEEN HOSTILE IS NOW GONE, REPLACED BY JUSTICE SAM ALITO WHO HAS BEEN HOSTILE TO AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.

SAM ALITO WHO HAS BEEN HOSTILE TO AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.

IN 2003, O'CONNOR WAS THE FIFTH TO AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.

IN 2003, O'CONNOR WAS THE FIFTH AND DECIDING VOTE IN FAVOR OF IN 2003, O'CONNOR WAS THE FIFTH AND DECIDING VOTE IN FAVOR OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.

AND DECIDING VOTE IN FAVOR OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.

ALITO COULD NOW WELL BE THE AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.

ALITO COULD NOW WELL BE THE FIFTH AND DECIDING VOTE AGAINST ALITO COULD NOW WELL BE THE FIFTH AND DECIDING VOTE AGAINST IT.

FIFTH AND DECIDING VOTE AGAINST IT.

AND IF HE IS?

IT.

AND IF HE IS?

>> THE CONSEQUENCES FOR OUR AND IF HE IS?

>> THE CONSEQUENCES FOR OUR UNIVERSITY, BUT FOR HIGHER >> THE CONSEQUENCES FOR OUR UNIVERSITY, BUT FOR HIGHER EDUCATION, IS WE WOULD NOT BE UNIVERSITY, BUT FOR HIGHER EDUCATION, IS WE WOULD NOT BE GIVING THE KIND OF EDUCATION TO EDUCATION, IS WE WOULD NOT BE GIVING THE KIND OF EDUCATION TO ALL OF OUR STUDENTS THAT WOULD GIVING THE KIND OF EDUCATION TO ALL OF OUR STUDENTS THAT WOULD BE PREPARING THEM TO WORK IN A ALL OF OUR STUDENTS THAT WOULD BE PREPARING THEM TO WORK IN A DIVERSE AND GLOBAL WORLD.

BE PREPARING THEM TO WORK IN A DIVERSE AND GLOBAL WORLD.

THE EFFECT FOR OUR STUDENTS AND DIVERSE AND GLOBAL WORLD.

THE EFFECT FOR OUR STUDENTS AND OUR SOCIETY.

THE EFFECT FOR OUR STUDENTS AND OUR SOCIETY.

>> Reporter: DON'T EXPECT ANY OUR SOCIETY.

>> Reporter: DON'T EXPECT ANY RINGING ENDORSEMENT FROM THIS >> Reporter: DON'T EXPECT ANY RINGING ENDORSEMENT FROM THIS COURT OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION, IF RINGING ENDORSEMENT FROM THIS COURT OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION, IF IT SURVIVES AT ALL.

COURT OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION, IF IT SURVIVES AT ALL.

IT'S WIDELY BELIEVED THE COURT'S IT SURVIVES AT ALL.

IT'S WIDELY BELIEVED THE COURT'S DECISION WILL BE REASON BY IT'S WIDELY BELIEVED THE COURT'S DECISION WILL BE REASON BY JUSTICE ANTHONY KENNEDY, DECISION WILL BE REASON BY JUSTICE ANTHONY KENNEDY, POSSIBLY ANTONIN SCALIA.

JUSTICE ANTHONY KENNEDY, POSSIBLY ANTONIN SCALIA.

NEITHER HAS EVER VOTED TO UPHOLD POSSIBLY ANTONIN SCALIA.

NEITHER HAS EVER VOTED TO UPHOLD AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.

NEITHER HAS EVER VOTED TO UPHOLD AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.

FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.

FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS NEWSWEEKLY," I'M TIM O'BRIEN, IN FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS NEWSWEEKLY," I'M TIM O'BRIEN, IN WASHINGTON.

NEWSWEEKLY," I'M TIM O'BRIEN, IN WASHINGTON.

>>> WE HAVE A LUCKY SEVERSON WASHINGTON.

>>> WE HAVE A LUCKY SEVERSON STORY TODAY ABOUT WHAT SEEMS >>> WE HAVE A LUCKY SEVERSON STORY TODAY ABOUT WHAT SEEMS LIKE A COUNTRYWIDE FAILURE TO STORY TODAY ABOUT WHAT SEEMS LIKE A COUNTRYWIDE FAILURE TO TAKE CARE OF THE MENTALLY ILL. LIKE A COUNTRYWIDE FAILURE TO TAKE CARE OF THE MENTALLY ILL. AS A LAST RESORT, A HUGE NUMBER TAKE CARE OF THE MENTALLY ILL. AS A LAST RESORT, A HUGE NUMBER OF THEM END UP IN JAILS AND AS A LAST RESORT, A HUGE NUMBER OF THEM END UP IN JAILS AND PRISONS, NOT HOMES OR HOSPITALS.

OF THEM END UP IN JAILS AND PRISONS, NOT HOMES OR HOSPITALS.

BUT A PROGRAM IN WASHINGTON, PRISONS, NOT HOMES OR HOSPITALS.

BUT A PROGRAM IN WASHINGTON, D.C. IS HELPING.

BUT A PROGRAM IN WASHINGTON, D.C. IS HELPING.

>> THIS IS THE LARGEST D.C. IS HELPING.

>> THIS IS THE LARGEST INSTITUTION FOR THE MENTALLY ILL >> THIS IS THE LARGEST INSTITUTION FOR THE MENTALLY ILL IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, AND INSTITUTION FOR THE MENTALLY ILL IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, AND THE SECOND LARGEST IN THE IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, AND THE SECOND LARGEST IN THE NATION.

THE SECOND LARGEST IN THE NATION.

IT'S THE COOK COUNTY JAIL IN NATION.

IT'S THE COOK COUNTY JAIL IN CHICAGO.

IT'S THE COOK COUNTY JAIL IN CHICAGO.

ON ANY GIVEN DAY, THE COMPLEX CHICAGO.

ON ANY GIVEN DAY, THE COMPLEX HOLDS WITH 10,000 INMATES, AND ON ANY GIVEN DAY, THE COMPLEX HOLDS WITH 10,000 INMATES, AND ON AVERAGE, ONE IN FOUR IS HOLDS WITH 10,000 INMATES, AND ON AVERAGE, ONE IN FOUR IS SUFFERING SOME KIND OF MENTAL ON AVERAGE, ONE IN FOUR IS SUFFERING SOME KIND OF MENTAL ILLNESS.

SUFFERING SOME KIND OF MENTAL ILLNESS.

COOK COUNTY SHERIFF TOM DART.

ILLNESS.

COOK COUNTY SHERIFF TOM DART.

>> I WOULD TELL PEOPLE WHAT IN COOK COUNTY SHERIFF TOM DART.

>> I WOULD TELL PEOPLE WHAT IN GOD'S NAME DO YOU THINK IS GOING >> I WOULD TELL PEOPLE WHAT IN GOD'S NAME DO YOU THINK IS GOING TO HAPPEN?

GOD'S NAME DO YOU THINK IS GOING TO HAPPEN?

I MEAN, REALLY WHEN YOU THINK TO HAPPEN?

I MEAN, REALLY WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT IT, THE PEOPLE WHO ARE I MEAN, REALLY WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT IT, THE PEOPLE WHO ARE HORRIBLY, HORRIBLY SUFFERING ABOUT IT, THE PEOPLE WHO ARE HORRIBLY, HORRIBLY SUFFERING FROM MENTAL ILLNESS, WHO HAVE HORRIBLY, HORRIBLY SUFFERING FROM MENTAL ILLNESS, WHO HAVE EXHAUSTED ALL THE OPPORTUNITIES FROM MENTAL ILLNESS, WHO HAVE EXHAUSTED ALL THE OPPORTUNITIES WITH THEIR FAMILIES, WHO ARE ON EXHAUSTED ALL THE OPPORTUNITIES WITH THEIR FAMILIES, WHO ARE ON THE STREET, WHERE ARE THEY GOING WITH THEIR FAMILIES, WHO ARE ON THE STREET, WHERE ARE THEY GOING TO GO?

THE STREET, WHERE ARE THEY GOING TO GO?

WHERE ARE THEY GOING TO GO?

TO GO?

WHERE ARE THEY GOING TO GO?

>> THEY'RE GOING TO JAIL.

WHERE ARE THEY GOING TO GO?

>> THEY'RE GOING TO JAIL.

HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF THEM.

>> THEY'RE GOING TO JAIL.

HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF THEM.

IT'S HAPPENING ALL ACROSS THE HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF THEM.

IT'S HAPPENING ALL ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

IT'S HAPPENING ALL ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

PAT NOLAN IS VICE PRESIDENT OF COUNTRY.

PAT NOLAN IS VICE PRESIDENT OF THE NONPROFIT CHRISTIAN MINISTRY PAT NOLAN IS VICE PRESIDENT OF THE NONPROFIT CHRISTIAN MINISTRY CALLED PRISON FELLOWSHIP.

THE NONPROFIT CHRISTIAN MINISTRY CALLED PRISON FELLOWSHIP.

>> THE SHERIFFS ARE THE GOOD CALLED PRISON FELLOWSHIP.

>> THE SHERIFFS ARE THE GOOD GUYS IN THIS.

>> THE SHERIFFS ARE THE GOOD GUYS IN THIS.

THEY DON'T WANT THESE PEOPLE IN GUYS IN THIS.

THEY DON'T WANT THESE PEOPLE IN JAIL.

THEY DON'T WANT THESE PEOPLE IN JAIL.

IT'S JUST THEY BECOME THE LAST JAIL.

IT'S JUST THEY BECOME THE LAST RESORT.

IT'S JUST THEY BECOME THE LAST RESORT.

WE'VE CLOSED DOWN EVERY OTHER RESORT.

WE'VE CLOSED DOWN EVERY OTHER OPTION.

WE'VE CLOSED DOWN EVERY OTHER OPTION.

>> DIRECTOR OF CORRECTIONS IN OPTION.

>> DIRECTOR OF CORRECTIONS IN MONTGOMERY COUNTY MARYLAND ART >> DIRECTOR OF CORRECTIONS IN MONTGOMERY COUNTY MARYLAND ART WALLENSTEIN.

MONTGOMERY COUNTY MARYLAND ART WALLENSTEIN.

>> MENTAL ILLNESS HAS BECOME A WALLENSTEIN.

>> MENTAL ILLNESS HAS BECOME A MAJOR COMPONENT OF THE >> MENTAL ILLNESS HAS BECOME A MAJOR COMPONENT OF THE CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM IN THIS MAJOR COMPONENT OF THE CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM IN THIS COUNTRY.

CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM IN THIS COUNTRY.

THAT WAS NEVER INTENDED.

COUNTRY.

THAT WAS NEVER INTENDED.

AND IT'S BAD PUBLIC POLICY.

THAT WAS NEVER INTENDED.

AND IT'S BAD PUBLIC POLICY.

>> FIRST, A LITTLE HISTORY.

AND IT'S BAD PUBLIC POLICY.

>> FIRST, A LITTLE HISTORY.

>> BEGINNING IN THE '70s, THERE >> FIRST, A LITTLE HISTORY.

>> BEGINNING IN THE '70s, THERE WAS A MOVE TO EMPTY OUT THE >> BEGINNING IN THE '70s, THERE WAS A MOVE TO EMPTY OUT THE STATE HOSPITALS BECAUSE THEY'D WAS A MOVE TO EMPTY OUT THE STATE HOSPITALS BECAUSE THEY'D BECOME TERRIBLE PLACES AND THEY STATE HOSPITALS BECAUSE THEY'D BECOME TERRIBLE PLACES AND THEY CLOSED THEM DOWN.

BECOME TERRIBLE PLACES AND THEY CLOSED THEM DOWN.

AND THE COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CLOSED THEM DOWN.

AND THE COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEM THAT WAS TO REPLACE LARGE AND THE COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEM THAT WAS TO REPLACE LARGE HOSPITALS SIMPLY NEVER SYSTEM THAT WAS TO REPLACE LARGE HOSPITALS SIMPLY NEVER MATERIALIZED.

HOSPITALS SIMPLY NEVER MATERIALIZED.

>> BUT THOSE WEREN'T BAD PEOPLE, MATERIALIZED.

>> BUT THOSE WEREN'T BAD PEOPLE, THEY WEREN'T CRIMINALS, THEY >> BUT THOSE WEREN'T BAD PEOPLE, THEY WEREN'T CRIMINALS, THEY WERE SICK, AND THEY NEEDED HELP.

THEY WEREN'T CRIMINALS, THEY WERE SICK, AND THEY NEEDED HELP.

THE SHERIFFS BEGAN COMPLAINING, WERE SICK, AND THEY NEEDED HELP.

THE SHERIFFS BEGAN COMPLAINING, SAYING, THEY DON'T BELONG IN THE SHERIFFS BEGAN COMPLAINING, SAYING, THEY DON'T BELONG IN JAIL.

SAYING, THEY DON'T BELONG IN JAIL.

PLEASE, DO SOMETHING ABOUT THIS.

JAIL.

PLEASE, DO SOMETHING ABOUT THIS.

>> HOW MANY TIMES DO YOU THINK PLEASE, DO SOMETHING ABOUT THIS.

>> HOW MANY TIMES DO YOU THINK YOU'VE BEEN INCARCERATED.

>> HOW MANY TIMES DO YOU THINK YOU'VE BEEN INCARCERATED.

>> WHEW.

YOU'VE BEEN INCARCERATED.

>> WHEW.

I KNOW WITHIN THE LAST TEN YEARS >> WHEW.

I KNOW WITHIN THE LAST TEN YEARS ALONE, IF I TOTAL ALL MY TIME UP I KNOW WITHIN THE LAST TEN YEARS ALONE, IF I TOTAL ALL MY TIME UP I'VE BEEN LOCKED UP HALF OF THE ALONE, IF I TOTAL ALL MY TIME UP I'VE BEEN LOCKED UP HALF OF THE TEN YEARS.

I'VE BEEN LOCKED UP HALF OF THE TEN YEARS.

>> Reporter: HE IS FORTUNATE TEN YEARS.

>> Reporter: HE IS FORTUNATE THAT HE GOT THROWN INTO THE >> Reporter: HE IS FORTUNATE THAT HE GOT THROWN INTO THE MONTGOMERY COUNTY JAIL, ONE OF THAT HE GOT THROWN INTO THE MONTGOMERY COUNTY JAIL, ONE OF THE MORE PROGRESSIVE.

MONTGOMERY COUNTY JAIL, ONE OF THE MORE PROGRESSIVE.

THERE'S A SPECIAL POD HERE JUST THE MORE PROGRESSIVE.

THERE'S A SPECIAL POD HERE JUST FOR THE MENTALLY ILL, AND A THERE'S A SPECIAL POD HERE JUST FOR THE MENTALLY ILL, AND A STAFF OF TRAINED THERAPISTS, FOR THE MENTALLY ILL, AND A STAFF OF TRAINED THERAPISTS, LIKE LAURIE, WHO WORKS WITH STAFF OF TRAINED THERAPISTS, LIKE LAURIE, WHO WORKS WITH INMATES LIKE OMARI.

LIKE LAURIE, WHO WORKS WITH INMATES LIKE OMARI.

>> AND WHEN HE CAME IN, HE WAS INMATES LIKE OMARI.

>> AND WHEN HE CAME IN, HE WAS QUITE UNSTABLE, PSYCHOTIC.

>> AND WHEN HE CAME IN, HE WAS QUITE UNSTABLE, PSYCHOTIC.

AND NONMEDICATED.

QUITE UNSTABLE, PSYCHOTIC.

AND NONMEDICATED.

>> I HAVE SAW SOME POLICE AND NONMEDICATED.

>> I HAVE SAW SOME POLICE OFFICER, I HAVE QUITE A FEW OF >> I HAVE SAW SOME POLICE OFFICER, I HAVE QUITE A FEW OF THOSE.

OFFICER, I HAVE QUITE A FEW OF THOSE.

>> OFF YOUR MEDICATION?

THOSE.

>> OFF YOUR MEDICATION?

>> YEAH.

>> OFF YOUR MEDICATION?

>> YEAH.

>> ALWAYS OFF YOUR MEDICATION?

>> YEAH.

>> ALWAYS OFF YOUR MEDICATION?

>> YEAH I'VE NEVER REALLY STAYED >> ALWAYS OFF YOUR MEDICATION?

>> YEAH I'VE NEVER REALLY STAYED ON MEDICATION LONG.

>> YEAH I'VE NEVER REALLY STAYED ON MEDICATION LONG.

>> AND IF THEY HAD, YOU KNOW, ON MEDICATION LONG.

>> AND IF THEY HAD, YOU KNOW, REGULAR CARE OF A DOCTOR, AND >> AND IF THEY HAD, YOU KNOW, REGULAR CARE OF A DOCTOR, AND TREATMENT, WITH THE RIGHT REGULAR CARE OF A DOCTOR, AND TREATMENT, WITH THE RIGHT MEDICATIONS, THEY CAN LIVE TREATMENT, WITH THE RIGHT MEDICATIONS, THEY CAN LIVE WHOLESOME, FULFILLING LIVES.

MEDICATIONS, THEY CAN LIVE WHOLESOME, FULFILLING LIVES.

BUT IF THEY GET OFF THOSE WHOLESOME, FULFILLING LIVES.

BUT IF THEY GET OFF THOSE MEDICATIONS, THEN THEY GET INTO BUT IF THEY GET OFF THOSE MEDICATIONS, THEN THEY GET INTO TROUBLE.

MEDICATIONS, THEN THEY GET INTO TROUBLE.

THEY END UP ON THE STREET.

TROUBLE.

THEY END UP ON THE STREET.

>> CORRECTIONS OFFICER THEY END UP ON THE STREET.

>> CORRECTIONS OFFICER CORPORAL CHRISTOPHER WALTERS >> CORRECTIONS OFFICER CORPORAL CHRISTOPHER WALTERS TOOK SPECIAL TRAINING TO HELP CORPORAL CHRISTOPHER WALTERS TOOK SPECIAL TRAINING TO HELP HIM DEAL WITH MENTALLY ILL TOOK SPECIAL TRAINING TO HELP HIM DEAL WITH MENTALLY ILL INMATES.

HIM DEAL WITH MENTALLY ILL INMATES.

>> I'VE SEEN IMPROVEMENTS WHERE INMATES.

>> I'VE SEEN IMPROVEMENTS WHERE THEY COME IN.

>> I'VE SEEN IMPROVEMENTS WHERE THEY COME IN.

REALLY BAD SHAPE AND WHERE THEY THEY COME IN.

REALLY BAD SHAPE AND WHERE THEY GET BACK ON THEIR MEDICATIONS.

REALLY BAD SHAPE AND WHERE THEY GET BACK ON THEIR MEDICATIONS.

MOVE OUT OF HERE, GO INTO GET BACK ON THEIR MEDICATIONS.

MOVE OUT OF HERE, GO INTO GENERAL POPULATION, GET A JOB MOVE OUT OF HERE, GO INTO GENERAL POPULATION, GET A JOB AND DO THEIR TIME AND GET OUT OF GENERAL POPULATION, GET A JOB AND DO THEIR TIME AND GET OUT OF JAIL.

AND DO THEIR TIME AND GET OUT OF JAIL.

>> THIS IS NOT AN EASY JOB.

JAIL.

>> THIS IS NOT AN EASY JOB.

NOT BELONG AGO HE HAD KNEE >> THIS IS NOT AN EASY JOB.

NOT BELONG AGO HE HAD KNEE SURGERY AFTER AN INMATE KICKED NOT BELONG AGO HE HAD KNEE SURGERY AFTER AN INMATE KICKED HIM.

SURGERY AFTER AN INMATE KICKED HIM.

>> HE WAS SAYING THAT HE WAS HIM.

>> HE WAS SAYING THAT HE WAS RECEIVING RADIO FREQUENCIES >> HE WAS SAYING THAT HE WAS RECEIVING RADIO FREQUENCIES THROUGH HIS BRAIN FROM BILL RECEIVING RADIO FREQUENCIES THROUGH HIS BRAIN FROM BILL CLINTON SAYING THAT CREATED A THROUGH HIS BRAIN FROM BILL CLINTON SAYING THAT CREATED A DISTURBANCE SO HE COULD ESCAPE.

CLINTON SAYING THAT CREATED A DISTURBANCE SO HE COULD ESCAPE.

>> IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE ON DISTURBANCE SO HE COULD ESCAPE.

>> IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE ON MULTIPLE LEVELS.

>> IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE ON MULTIPLE LEVELS.

START WITH OBVIOUSLY THE MORAL, MULTIPLE LEVELS.

START WITH OBVIOUSLY THE MORAL, ETHICAL LEVEL, IT DOESN'T MAKE START WITH OBVIOUSLY THE MORAL, ETHICAL LEVEL, IT DOESN'T MAKE ANY SENSE TO HOW PEOPLE ARE ETHICAL LEVEL, IT DOESN'T MAKE ANY SENSE TO HOW PEOPLE ARE MENTALLY ILL IN JAILS.

ANY SENSE TO HOW PEOPLE ARE MENTALLY ILL IN JAILS.

BUT LEAP PAST THAT AND SAY FROM MENTALLY ILL IN JAILS.

BUT LEAP PAST THAT AND SAY FROM A FISCAL STANDPOINT IT MAKES NO BUT LEAP PAST THAT AND SAY FROM A FISCAL STANDPOINT IT MAKES NO SENSE.

A FISCAL STANDPOINT IT MAKES NO SENSE.

>> INCARCERATION IS AN EXPENSIVE SENSE.

>> INCARCERATION IS AN EXPENSIVE PROPOSITION AND SHERIFF DART >> INCARCERATION IS AN EXPENSIVE PROPOSITION AND SHERIFF DART SAYS LOCKING UP THE MENTALLY ILL PROPOSITION AND SHERIFF DART SAYS LOCKING UP THE MENTALLY ILL IS EVEN MORE COSTLY.

SAYS LOCKING UP THE MENTALLY ILL IS EVEN MORE COSTLY.

THERE'S THE MEDICATION, THE IS EVEN MORE COSTLY.

THERE'S THE MEDICATION, THE SPECIAL TRAINING FOR STAFF AND THERE'S THE MEDICATION, THE SPECIAL TRAINING FOR STAFF AND EXTRA CORRECTIONS OFFICERS TO SPECIAL TRAINING FOR STAFF AND EXTRA CORRECTIONS OFFICERS TO DEAL WITH INMATES' PSYCHOTIC EXTRA CORRECTIONS OFFICERS TO DEAL WITH INMATES' PSYCHOTIC EPISODES.

DEAL WITH INMATES' PSYCHOTIC EPISODES.

>> WE TAKE WHAT IS OUR AVERAGE EPISODES.

>> WE TAKE WHAT IS OUR AVERAGE COST HERE WHICH IS ABOUT $143 A >> WE TAKE WHAT IS OUR AVERAGE COST HERE WHICH IS ABOUT $143 A DAY.

COST HERE WHICH IS ABOUT $143 A DAY.

IT WOULD DEFY REASON AND LOGIC DAY.

IT WOULD DEFY REASON AND LOGIC THAT IT ISN'T AT LEAST DOUBLE.

IT WOULD DEFY REASON AND LOGIC THAT IT ISN'T AT LEAST DOUBLE.

WE THINK IT'S MORE TRIPLE THE THAT IT ISN'T AT LEAST DOUBLE.

WE THINK IT'S MORE TRIPLE THE NATURE IN COST.

WE THINK IT'S MORE TRIPLE THE NATURE IN COST.

>> SHERIFF DART HAS NOW PUT IN NATURE IN COST.

>> SHERIFF DART HAS NOW PUT IN PLACE MEASURES TO HELP IDENTIFY >> SHERIFF DART HAS NOW PUT IN PLACE MEASURES TO HELP IDENTIFY THE MENTALLY ILL WHEN THEY'RE PLACE MEASURES TO HELP IDENTIFY THE MENTALLY ILL WHEN THEY'RE FIRST ARRESTED, TO TREAT THEM IN THE MENTALLY ILL WHEN THEY'RE FIRST ARRESTED, TO TREAT THEM IN JAILS, AND MONITOR THEM WHEN FIRST ARRESTED, TO TREAT THEM IN JAILS, AND MONITOR THEM WHEN THEY'RE RELEASED.

JAILS, AND MONITOR THEM WHEN THEY'RE RELEASED.

BUT THAT CAN ONLY GO SO FAR, AS THEY'RE RELEASED.

BUT THAT CAN ONLY GO SO FAR, AS HE IS THE FIRST TO SAY.

BUT THAT CAN ONLY GO SO FAR, AS HE IS THE FIRST TO SAY.

THERE IS A PROGRAM THAT HAS HE IS THE FIRST TO SAY.

THERE IS A PROGRAM THAT HAS SHOWN REMARKABLE SUCCESS IN THERE IS A PROGRAM THAT HAS SHOWN REMARKABLE SUCCESS IN KEEPING THE MENTALLY ILL OUT OF SHOWN REMARKABLE SUCCESS IN KEEPING THE MENTALLY ILL OUT OF JAIL, CALLED PATHWAYS TO KEEPING THE MENTALLY ILL OUT OF JAIL, CALLED PATHWAYS TO HOUSING.

JAIL, CALLED PATHWAYS TO HOUSING.

CHRISTY IS THE EXECUTIVE HOUSING.

CHRISTY IS THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF PATHWAYS IN CHRISTY IS THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF PATHWAYS IN WASHINGTON, D.C. DIRECTOR OF PATHWAYS IN WASHINGTON, D.C. >> SO OUR HOUSING AND OUR WASHINGTON, D.C. >> SO OUR HOUSING AND OUR SUPPORT SERVICES COMBINED COST >> SO OUR HOUSING AND OUR SUPPORT SERVICES COMBINED COST LESS THAN IT DOES TO KEEP SUPPORT SERVICES COMBINED COST LESS THAN IT DOES TO KEEP SOMEONE IN JAIL OR THE HOSPITAL LESS THAN IT DOES TO KEEP SOMEONE IN JAIL OR THE HOSPITAL OR THE E.R.

OR EVEN THE SHELTER.

SOMEONE IN JAIL OR THE HOSPITAL OR THE E.R.

OR EVEN THE SHELTER.

>> Reporter: SINCE 2003, OR THE E.R.

OR EVEN THE SHELTER.

>> Reporter: SINCE 2003, PATHWAYS IN WASHINGTON, D.C., >> Reporter: SINCE 2003, PATHWAYS IN WASHINGTON, D.C., WHICH RECEIVES GOVERNMENT AND PATHWAYS IN WASHINGTON, D.C., WHICH RECEIVES GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE FUNDING, HAS PLACED OVER WHICH RECEIVES GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE FUNDING, HAS PLACED OVER 500 MENTALLY ILL PEOPLE IN PRIVATE FUNDING, HAS PLACED OVER 500 MENTALLY ILL PEOPLE IN APARTMENTS.

500 MENTALLY ILL PEOPLE IN APARTMENTS.

MOST HAVE CRIMINAL RECORDS.

APARTMENTS.

MOST HAVE CRIMINAL RECORDS.

LIKE ELLERY.

MOST HAVE CRIMINAL RECORDS.

LIKE ELLERY.

>> STEALING.

LIKE ELLERY.

>> STEALING.

FRAUD.

>> STEALING.

FRAUD.

I'VE DONE A LOT OF THINGS.

FRAUD.

I'VE DONE A LOT OF THINGS.

I'VE BEEN ARRESTED A LOT OF I'VE DONE A LOT OF THINGS.

I'VE BEEN ARRESTED A LOT OF TIMES.

I'VE BEEN ARRESTED A LOT OF TIMES.

>> Reporter: PATHWAYS FOUND TIMES.

>> Reporter: PATHWAYS FOUND ELLERY ON THE STREET, ASKED HIM >> Reporter: PATHWAYS FOUND ELLERY ON THE STREET, ASKED HIM WHAT HE NEEDED TO STAY OUT OF ELLERY ON THE STREET, ASKED HIM WHAT HE NEEDED TO STAY OUT OF TROUBLE, AND LIKE MOST HOMELESS, WHAT HE NEEDED TO STAY OUT OF TROUBLE, AND LIKE MOST HOMELESS, HE SAID HOUSING.

TROUBLE, AND LIKE MOST HOMELESS, HE SAID HOUSING.

MANY PROGRAMS OFFER HOUSING BUT HE SAID HOUSING.

MANY PROGRAMS OFFER HOUSING BUT ONLY AFTER THE INDIVIDUAL CLEANS MANY PROGRAMS OFFER HOUSING BUT ONLY AFTER THE INDIVIDUAL CLEANS UP HIS OR HER ACT.

ONLY AFTER THE INDIVIDUAL CLEANS UP HIS OR HER ACT.

PATHWAYS OFFERS HOUSING FIRST.

UP HIS OR HER ACT.

PATHWAYS OFFERS HOUSING FIRST.

>> AND THEN WE MOVE THE PERSON PATHWAYS OFFERS HOUSING FIRST.

>> AND THEN WE MOVE THE PERSON DIRECTLY LITERALLY FROM THE >> AND THEN WE MOVE THE PERSON DIRECTLY LITERALLY FROM THE STREET INTO THE APARTMENT, AND DIRECTLY LITERALLY FROM THE STREET INTO THE APARTMENT, AND ALL THROUGH THAT TIME THERE'S A STREET INTO THE APARTMENT, AND ALL THROUGH THAT TIME THERE'S A TEAM OF SUPPORT WORKING WITH THE ALL THROUGH THAT TIME THERE'S A TEAM OF SUPPORT WORKING WITH THE PERSON COMPRISED OF A TEAM OF SUPPORT WORKING WITH THE PERSON COMPRISED OF A PSYCHIATRIST, SOCIAL WORKERS, PERSON COMPRISED OF A PSYCHIATRIST, SOCIAL WORKERS, NURSE, ADDICTION SPECIALISTS.

PSYCHIATRIST, SOCIAL WORKERS, NURSE, ADDICTION SPECIALISTS.

>> IT'S NOT EASY MOVING FROM NURSE, ADDICTION SPECIALISTS.

>> IT'S NOT EASY MOVING FROM LIFE BEHIND BARS AND ON THE >> IT'S NOT EASY MOVING FROM LIFE BEHIND BARS AND ON THE STREET TO A LIFE WITH LIFE BEHIND BARS AND ON THE STREET TO A LIFE WITH RESPONSIBILITY.

STREET TO A LIFE WITH RESPONSIBILITY.

>> I WOULD NEVER IMAGINE HAVING RESPONSIBILITY.

>> I WOULD NEVER IMAGINE HAVING MONEY IN MY POCKET.

>> I WOULD NEVER IMAGINE HAVING MONEY IN MY POCKET.

I WOULD NEVER IMAGINE HAVING A MONEY IN MY POCKET.

I WOULD NEVER IMAGINE HAVING A BANK ACCOUNT OR BUYING THINGS I WOULD NEVER IMAGINE HAVING A BANK ACCOUNT OR BUYING THINGS THAT I WANT OR GOING TO THE BANK ACCOUNT OR BUYING THINGS THAT I WANT OR GOING TO THE CLOTHING STORE AND BUYING THAT I WANT OR GOING TO THE CLOTHING STORE AND BUYING CLOTHES, YOU KNOW.

CLOTHING STORE AND BUYING CLOTHES, YOU KNOW.

THOSE WERE THINGS THAT I WAS NOT CLOTHES, YOU KNOW.

THOSE WERE THINGS THAT I WAS NOT USED TO.

THOSE WERE THINGS THAT I WAS NOT USED TO.

>> ELLERY HAS BEEN OFF DRUGS AND USED TO.

>> ELLERY HAS BEEN OFF DRUGS AND ON MEDICATION NOW FOR SEVEN >> ELLERY HAS BEEN OFF DRUGS AND ON MEDICATION NOW FOR SEVEN YEARS.

ON MEDICATION NOW FOR SEVEN YEARS.

>> I WOULD SAY MY ATTITUDE HAS YEARS.

>> I WOULD SAY MY ATTITUDE HAS CHANGED A LOT.

>> I WOULD SAY MY ATTITUDE HAS CHANGED A LOT.

BECAUSE, MY BIPOLAR DISORDER HAD CHANGED A LOT.

BECAUSE, MY BIPOLAR DISORDER HAD ME AS FAR AS WHERE MY ANGER BECAUSE, MY BIPOLAR DISORDER HAD ME AS FAR AS WHERE MY ANGER WOULD GO OFF AT ANY TIME.

ME AS FAR AS WHERE MY ANGER WOULD GO OFF AT ANY TIME.

YOU KNOW YOU AND I COULD BE WOULD GO OFF AT ANY TIME.

YOU KNOW YOU AND I COULD BE HAVING THIS CONVERSATION AND FOR YOU KNOW YOU AND I COULD BE HAVING THIS CONVERSATION AND FOR SOME REASON I WOULD JUST GO OFF.

HAVING THIS CONVERSATION AND FOR SOME REASON I WOULD JUST GO OFF.

BUT I DON'T SEE THAT EVERY DAY.

SOME REASON I WOULD JUST GO OFF.

BUT I DON'T SEE THAT EVERY DAY.

>> SO FAR 85% OF PATHWAYS BUT I DON'T SEE THAT EVERY DAY.

>> SO FAR 85% OF PATHWAYS CLIENTS LIKE ELLERY HAVE STAYED >> SO FAR 85% OF PATHWAYS CLIENTS LIKE ELLERY HAVE STAYED IN THE PROGRAM, AND OUT OF JAIL.

CLIENTS LIKE ELLERY HAVE STAYED IN THE PROGRAM, AND OUT OF JAIL.

IN FACT, NO ONE'S VIEWED THE WAY IN THE PROGRAM, AND OUT OF JAIL.

IN FACT, NO ONE'S VIEWED THE WAY WE TREAT THE MENTALLY ILL IS NOT IN FACT, NO ONE'S VIEWED THE WAY WE TREAT THE MENTALLY ILL IS NOT ONLY AN ETHICAL ISSUE, IT'S A WE TREAT THE MENTALLY ILL IS NOT ONLY AN ETHICAL ISSUE, IT'S A FUNDAMENTAL CHRISTIAN VALUE.

ONLY AN ETHICAL ISSUE, IT'S A FUNDAMENTAL CHRISTIAN VALUE.

>> YOU KNOW, JESUS SAID I WAS FUNDAMENTAL CHRISTIAN VALUE.

>> YOU KNOW, JESUS SAID I WAS NAKED AND YOU CLOTHED ME.

>> YOU KNOW, JESUS SAID I WAS NAKED AND YOU CLOTHED ME.

I WAS HUNGRY, AND YOU FED ME.

NAKED AND YOU CLOTHED ME.

I WAS HUNGRY, AND YOU FED ME.

I WAS THIRSTY, YOU GAVE ME TO I WAS HUNGRY, AND YOU FED ME.

I WAS THIRSTY, YOU GAVE ME TO DRINK.

I WAS THIRSTY, YOU GAVE ME TO DRINK.

I WAS IMPRISONED AND YOU VISITED DRINK.

I WAS IMPRISONED AND YOU VISITED ME.

I WAS IMPRISONED AND YOU VISITED ME.

THESE ARE OUR BROTHERS AND ME.

THESE ARE OUR BROTHERS AND SISTERS.

THESE ARE OUR BROTHERS AND SISTERS.

WE DO HAVE AN OBLIGATION TO SISTERS.

WE DO HAVE AN OBLIGATION TO THEM.

WE DO HAVE AN OBLIGATION TO THEM.

>> THERE'S NOW LEGISLATION IN THEM.

>> THERE'S NOW LEGISLATION IN CONGRESS WITH BIPARTISAN SUPPORT >> THERE'S NOW LEGISLATION IN CONGRESS WITH BIPARTISAN SUPPORT THAT WOULD PROVIDE FUNDING TO CONGRESS WITH BIPARTISAN SUPPORT THAT WOULD PROVIDE FUNDING TO STATE AND COUNTIES AND CITIES TO THAT WOULD PROVIDE FUNDING TO STATE AND COUNTIES AND CITIES TO EXPAND MENTAL HEALTH COURTS, STATE AND COUNTIES AND CITIES TO EXPAND MENTAL HEALTH COURTS, CRISIS INTERVENTION, TRAINING, EXPAND MENTAL HEALTH COURTS, CRISIS INTERVENTION, TRAINING, HOUSING, AND CARE, AS AN CRISIS INTERVENTION, TRAINING, HOUSING, AND CARE, AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO JAIL FOR HOUSING, AND CARE, AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO JAIL FOR AMERICA'S MENTALLY ILL.

ALTERNATIVE TO JAIL FOR AMERICA'S MENTALLY ILL. FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS AMERICA'S MENTALLY ILL. FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS NEWSWEEKLY" I'M LUCKY SEVERSON FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS NEWSWEEKLY" I'M LUCKY SEVERSON IN CHICAGO.

NEWSWEEKLY" I'M LUCKY SEVERSON IN CHICAGO.

>>> IN OTHER NEWS, IN FRANCE, IN CHICAGO.

>>> IN OTHER NEWS, IN FRANCE, HEAVY FLOODING FORCED PARTS OF >>> IN OTHER NEWS, IN FRANCE, HEAVY FLOODING FORCED PARTS OF THE HISTORIC SHRINE OF OUR LADY HEAVY FLOODING FORCED PARTS OF THE HISTORIC SHRINE OF OUR LADY OF LOURDES TO CLOSE.

THE HISTORIC SHRINE OF OUR LADY OF LOURDES TO CLOSE.

THOUSANDS OF PILGRIMS VISIT THE OF LOURDES TO CLOSE.

THOUSANDS OF PILGRIMS VISIT THE HOLY SITE EACH YEAR.

THOUSANDS OF PILGRIMS VISIT THE HOLY SITE EACH YEAR.

IT'S BELIEVED TO BE A PLACE OF HOLY SITE EACH YEAR.

IT'S BELIEVED TO BE A PLACE OF HEALING AND MIRACLES.

IT'S BELIEVED TO BE A PLACE OF HEALING AND MIRACLES.

THIS WEEK, THERE WAS MORE THAN HEALING AND MIRACLES.

THIS WEEK, THERE WAS MORE THAN FIVE FEET OF WATER IN THE THIS WEEK, THERE WAS MORE THAN FIVE FEET OF WATER IN THE SHRINE'S GROTTO AND HUNDREDS OF FIVE FEET OF WATER IN THE SHRINE'S GROTTO AND HUNDREDS OF PEOPLE WERE EVACUATED FROM THE SHRINE'S GROTTO AND HUNDREDS OF PEOPLE WERE EVACUATED FROM THE AREA.

PEOPLE WERE EVACUATED FROM THE AREA.

CHURCH OFFICIALS CALLED IT A AREA.

CHURCH OFFICIALS CALLED IT A CATASTROPHE.

CHURCH OFFICIALS CALLED IT A CATASTROPHE.

>>> PRESIDENT OBAMA HAS CATASTROPHE.

>>> PRESIDENT OBAMA HAS NOMINATED KEN HACKETTE, THE >>> PRESIDENT OBAMA HAS NOMINATED KEN HACKETTE, THE RETIRED PRESIDENT OF CATHOLIC NOMINATED KEN HACKETTE, THE RETIRED PRESIDENT OF CATHOLIC RELIEF SERVICES, AS THE NEXT RETIRED PRESIDENT OF CATHOLIC RELIEF SERVICES, AS THE NEXT U.S.

AMBASSADOR TO THE VATICAN.

RELIEF SERVICES, AS THE NEXT U.S.

AMBASSADOR TO THE VATICAN.

HACKETT LED THE U.S. BISHOPS U.S.

AMBASSADOR TO THE VATICAN.

HACKETT LED THE U.S. BISHOPS OVERSEAS RELIEF AND DEVELOPMENT HACKETT LED THE U.S. BISHOPS OVERSEAS RELIEF AND DEVELOPMENT ARM FOR 18 YEARS BEFORE RETIRING OVERSEAS RELIEF AND DEVELOPMENT ARM FOR 18 YEARS BEFORE RETIRING IN 2011.

ARM FOR 18 YEARS BEFORE RETIRING IN 2011.

A MILE STONE IN THE ORTHODOX IN 2011.

A MILE STONE IN THE ORTHODOX JEWISH TRADITION.

A MILE STONE IN THE ORTHODOX JEWISH TRADITION.

THREE ORTHODOX WOMEN WERE JEWISH TRADITION.

THREE ORTHODOX WOMEN WERE ORDAINED AS CLERGY.

THREE ORTHODOX WOMEN WERE ORDAINED AS CLERGY.

THEY WERE NOT GIVEN THE TITLE ORDAINED AS CLERGY.

THEY WERE NOT GIVEN THE TITLE RABBI BUT RATHER WILL BE CALLED THEY WERE NOT GIVEN THE TITLE RABBI BUT RATHER WILL BE CALLED MAHARAT, A HEBREW AKRON UP FOR RABBI BUT RATHER WILL BE CALLED MAHARAT, A HEBREW AKRON UP FOR HEBREW LAW, SPIRITUALITY AND MAHARAT, A HEBREW AKRON UP FOR HEBREW LAW, SPIRITUALITY AND TORAH.

HEBREW LAW, SPIRITUALITY AND TORAH.

WHILE OTHER BRANCHES OF JUDAISM TORAH.

WHILE OTHER BRANCHES OF JUDAISM ALLOW FEMALE RABBIS, THE WHILE OTHER BRANCHES OF JUDAISM ALLOW FEMALE RABBIS, THE ORTHODOX DO NOT.

ALLOW FEMALE RABBIS, THE ORTHODOX DO NOT.

THE THREE GRADUATES ALL HAVE ORTHODOX DO NOT.

THE THREE GRADUATES ALL HAVE POSITIONS IN ORTHODOX SYNAGOGUES THE THREE GRADUATES ALL HAVE POSITIONS IN ORTHODOX SYNAGOGUES AND ORGANIZATIONS.

POSITIONS IN ORTHODOX SYNAGOGUES AND ORGANIZATIONS.

THEY WILL BE ALLOWED TO PERFORM AND ORGANIZATIONS.

THEY WILL BE ALLOWED TO PERFORM SOME, ALTHOUGH NOT ALL OF THE THEY WILL BE ALLOWED TO PERFORM SOME, ALTHOUGH NOT ALL OF THE DUTIES OF A RABBI.

SOME, ALTHOUGH NOT ALL OF THE DUTIES OF A RABBI.

>>> FINALLY, 50 YEARS AGO THIS DUTIES OF A RABBI.

>>> FINALLY, 50 YEARS AGO THIS WEEK, PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY >>> FINALLY, 50 YEARS AGO THIS WEEK, PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY SUBMITTED LANDMARK CIVIL RIGHTS WEEK, PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY SUBMITTED LANDMARK CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION TO CONGRESS THAT SUBMITTED LANDMARK CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION TO CONGRESS THAT PROPOSED ENDING DISCRIMINATION LEGISLATION TO CONGRESS THAT PROPOSED ENDING DISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF RACE.

PROPOSED ENDING DISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF RACE.

THE BILL WASN'T PASSED UNTIL THE ON THE BASIS OF RACE.

THE BILL WASN'T PASSED UNTIL THE FOLLOWING YEAR, BUT ITS THE BILL WASN'T PASSED UNTIL THE FOLLOWING YEAR, BUT ITS INTRODUCTION WAS ONE OF MANY KEY FOLLOWING YEAR, BUT ITS INTRODUCTION WAS ONE OF MANY KEY CIVIL RIGHTS MOMENTS OF 1963.

INTRODUCTION WAS ONE OF MANY KEY CIVIL RIGHTS MOMENTS OF 1963.

KIM LAWTON SPOKE WITH PULITZER CIVIL RIGHTS MOMENTS OF 1963.

KIM LAWTON SPOKE WITH PULITZER PRIZE-WINNING AUTHOR TAYLOR KIM LAWTON SPOKE WITH PULITZER PRIZE-WINNING AUTHOR TAYLOR BRANCH ABOUT SOME OF THE MAJOR PRIZE-WINNING AUTHOR TAYLOR BRANCH ABOUT SOME OF THE MAJOR EVENTS OF 50 YEARS AGO.

BRANCH ABOUT SOME OF THE MAJOR EVENTS OF 50 YEARS AGO.

AND THE CENTRAL ROLE PLAYED BY EVENTS OF 50 YEARS AGO.

AND THE CENTRAL ROLE PLAYED BY BLACK CHURCHES.

AND THE CENTRAL ROLE PLAYED BY BLACK CHURCHES.

>> Reporter: IN BIRMINGHAM, BLACK CHURCHES.

>> Reporter: IN BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA, CHRISTIAN LEADERS FROM >> Reporter: IN BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA, CHRISTIAN LEADERS FROM AROUND THE COUNTRY GATHERED FOR ALABAMA, CHRISTIAN LEADERS FROM AROUND THE COUNTRY GATHERED FOR A PRAYER WALK TO MARK THE 50th AROUND THE COUNTRY GATHERED FOR A PRAYER WALK TO MARK THE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF SOME KEY MOMENTS A PRAYER WALK TO MARK THE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF SOME KEY MOMENTS IN THE STRUGGLE FOR CIVIL ANNIVERSARY OF SOME KEY MOMENTS IN THE STRUGGLE FOR CIVIL RIGHTS.

IN THE STRUGGLE FOR CIVIL RIGHTS.

THERE ARE A LOT OF ANNIVERSARIES RIGHTS.

THERE ARE A LOT OF ANNIVERSARIES TO COMMEMORATE THIS YEAR.

THERE ARE A LOT OF ANNIVERSARIES TO COMMEMORATE THIS YEAR.

1963 WAS A TURNING POINT FOR TO COMMEMORATE THIS YEAR.

1963 WAS A TURNING POINT FOR REVEREND MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. 1963 WAS A TURNING POINT FOR REVEREND MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. AND THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT.

REVEREND MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. AND THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT.

>> 1963 IS, WITHOUT A DOUBT, THE AND THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT.

>> 1963 IS, WITHOUT A DOUBT, THE BREAKTHROUGH PIVOTAL YEAR.

>> 1963 IS, WITHOUT A DOUBT, THE BREAKTHROUGH PIVOTAL YEAR.

I CALL IT THE TIPPING POINT.

BREAKTHROUGH PIVOTAL YEAR.

I CALL IT THE TIPPING POINT.

>> TAYLOR BRANCH IS A YOU ITSER I CALL IT THE TIPPING POINT.

>> TAYLOR BRANCH IS A YOU ITSER PRIZE WINNING AUTHOR OF SEVERAL >> TAYLOR BRANCH IS A YOU ITSER PRIZE WINNING AUTHOR OF SEVERAL BOOKS ABOUT THE CIVIL RIGHTS PRIZE WINNING AUTHOR OF SEVERAL BOOKS ABOUT THE CIVIL RIGHTS STRUGGLE INCLUDING HIS MOST BOOKS ABOUT THE CIVIL RIGHTS STRUGGLE INCLUDING HIS MOST RECENT ONE THE KING YEARS WHICH STRUGGLE INCLUDING HIS MOST RECENT ONE THE KING YEARS WHICH EMPHASIZES MUCH OF HIS EARLIER RECENT ONE THE KING YEARS WHICH EMPHASIZES MUCH OF HIS EARLIER WORK.

EMPHASIZES MUCH OF HIS EARLIER WORK.

BRANCH SAYS BLACK CHURCHES WERE WORK.

BRANCH SAYS BLACK CHURCHES WERE CENTRAL IN ALMOST ALL THE MAJOR BRANCH SAYS BLACK CHURCHES WERE CENTRAL IN ALMOST ALL THE MAJOR EVENTS OF THE MOVEMENT.

CENTRAL IN ALMOST ALL THE MAJOR EVENTS OF THE MOVEMENT.

>> THERE WAS A PLACE OF REFUGE, EVENTS OF THE MOVEMENT.

>> THERE WAS A PLACE OF REFUGE, THERE WAS A PLACE WHERE YOU >> THERE WAS A PLACE OF REFUGE, THERE WAS A PLACE WHERE YOU LEARN THINGS, WHERE YOU WERE THERE WAS A PLACE WHERE YOU LEARN THINGS, WHERE YOU WERE ENTERTAINED, WHERE YOU LAUGH, LEARN THINGS, WHERE YOU WERE ENTERTAINED, WHERE YOU LAUGH, WHERE YOU DEBATED.

ENTERTAINED, WHERE YOU LAUGH, WHERE YOU DEBATED.

>> Reporter: BUT HE NOTES THE WHERE YOU DEBATED.

>> Reporter: BUT HE NOTES THE CHURCH'S INFLUENCE WAS MORE THAN >> Reporter: BUT HE NOTES THE CHURCH'S INFLUENCE WAS MORE THAN PRACTICAL.

CHURCH'S INFLUENCE WAS MORE THAN PRACTICAL.

>> SPIRITUALITY, AND CHRISTIAN PRACTICAL.

>> SPIRITUALITY, AND CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE WERE THE GREAT BUTTRESS >> SPIRITUALITY, AND CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE WERE THE GREAT BUTTRESS FOR THE MOVEMENT, BASICALLY DOCTRINE WERE THE GREAT BUTTRESS FOR THE MOVEMENT, BASICALLY SAYING CITIZEN'S PURPOSE FOR THE MOVEMENT, BASICALLY SAYING CITIZEN'S PURPOSE CLAIMING THE RIGHT TO VOTE AND SAYING CITIZEN'S PURPOSE CLAIMING THE RIGHT TO VOTE AND THE RIGHT TO BE FIRST CLASS CLAIMING THE RIGHT TO VOTE AND THE RIGHT TO BE FIRST CLASS CITIZENS IS REALLY THE SAME AS THE RIGHT TO BE FIRST CLASS CITIZENS IS REALLY THE SAME AS OUR SPIRITUAL MESSAGE THAT WE CITIZENS IS REALLY THE SAME AS OUR SPIRITUAL MESSAGE THAT WE ALL HAVE EQUAL SOULS BEFORE GOD, OUR SPIRITUAL MESSAGE THAT WE ALL HAVE EQUAL SOULS BEFORE GOD, AND THAT'S THE -- THAT'S THE ALL HAVE EQUAL SOULS BEFORE GOD, AND THAT'S THE -- THAT'S THE UNDERPINNING OF THE CHURCH.

AND THAT'S THE -- THAT'S THE UNDERPINNING OF THE CHURCH.

>> Reporter: KING BEGAN HIS UNDERPINNING OF THE CHURCH.

>> Reporter: KING BEGAN HIS LEADERSHIP OF THE MOVEMENT IN >> Reporter: KING BEGAN HIS LEADERSHIP OF THE MOVEMENT IN 1955, AS A YOUNG PASTOR WHO LEADERSHIP OF THE MOVEMENT IN 1955, AS A YOUNG PASTOR WHO HELPED ORGANIZE THE BUS BOYCOTT 1955, AS A YOUNG PASTOR WHO HELPED ORGANIZE THE BUS BOYCOTT IN MONTGOMERY.

HELPED ORGANIZE THE BUS BOYCOTT IN MONTGOMERY.

BY 1963 THERE HAD BEEN A IN MONTGOMERY.

BY 1963 THERE HAD BEEN A SUSTAINED EFFORT AT MARCHES AND BY 1963 THERE HAD BEEN A SUSTAINED EFFORT AT MARCHES AND SIT-INS AND OTHER NONVIOLENT SUSTAINED EFFORT AT MARCHES AND SIT-INS AND OTHER NONVIOLENT FORMS OF PROTEST AROUND THE SIT-INS AND OTHER NONVIOLENT FORMS OF PROTEST AROUND THE COUNTRY, BUT NOT A LOT OF FORMS OF PROTEST AROUND THE COUNTRY, BUT NOT A LOT OF PROGRESS.

COUNTRY, BUT NOT A LOT OF PROGRESS.

>> SEGREGATION LAWS WERE STILL PROGRESS.

>> SEGREGATION LAWS WERE STILL IN PLACE, AND NOTHING REALLY HAD >> SEGREGATION LAWS WERE STILL IN PLACE, AND NOTHING REALLY HAD CHANGED, AND BLACK PEOPLE IN PLACE, AND NOTHING REALLY HAD CHANGED, AND BLACK PEOPLE COULDN'T VOTE IN THE SOUTH, AND CHANGED, AND BLACK PEOPLE COULDN'T VOTE IN THE SOUTH, AND YOU WERE STUCK IN WHAT BOB COULDN'T VOTE IN THE SOUTH, AND YOU WERE STUCK IN WHAT BOB MOSES, ANOTHER LEADER WITH YOU WERE STUCK IN WHAT BOB MOSES, ANOTHER LEADER WITH DR. KING SAID, WAS THE GREAT MOSES, ANOTHER LEADER WITH DR. KING SAID, WAS THE GREAT PARADOX.

DR. KING SAID, WAS THE GREAT PARADOX.

HOW DO YOU GET THE VOTE WITHOUT PARADOX.

HOW DO YOU GET THE VOTE WITHOUT POWER, AND POWER WITHOUT THE HOW DO YOU GET THE VOTE WITHOUT POWER, AND POWER WITHOUT THE VOTE.

POWER, AND POWER WITHOUT THE VOTE.

IN A TOTALLY SEGREGATED CAST.

VOTE.

IN A TOTALLY SEGREGATED CAST.

>> Reporter: BRANCH SAYS AS 1963 IN A TOTALLY SEGREGATED CAST.

>> Reporter: BRANCH SAYS AS 1963 BEGAN, KING WAS WORRIED THAT THE >> Reporter: BRANCH SAYS AS 1963 BEGAN, KING WAS WORRIED THAT THE MOVEMENT WAS IN DANGER OF LOSING BEGAN, KING WAS WORRIED THAT THE MOVEMENT WAS IN DANGER OF LOSING ITS MOMENT IN HISTORY.

MOVEMENT WAS IN DANGER OF LOSING ITS MOMENT IN HISTORY.

HE DECIDED TO GO TO BIRMINGHAM, ITS MOMENT IN HISTORY.

HE DECIDED TO GO TO BIRMINGHAM, CONSIDERED ONE OF THE MOST HE DECIDED TO GO TO BIRMINGHAM, CONSIDERED ONE OF THE MOST SEGREGATED CITIES IN AMERICA.

CONSIDERED ONE OF THE MOST SEGREGATED CITIES IN AMERICA.

>> HIS MODUS OPERANDI BEFORE SEGREGATED CITIES IN AMERICA.

>> HIS MODUS OPERANDI BEFORE THAT HAD BEEN SOMEBODY WOULD >> HIS MODUS OPERANDI BEFORE THAT HAD BEEN SOMEBODY WOULD START A MOVEMENT OR A PROTEST THAT HAD BEEN SOMEBODY WOULD START A MOVEMENT OR A PROTEST AND HE WOULD GO IN TO SUPPORT START A MOVEMENT OR A PROTEST AND HE WOULD GO IN TO SUPPORT THEM.

AND HE WOULD GO IN TO SUPPORT THEM.

HE WOULD BE WHAT HE CALLED A THEM.

HE WOULD BE WHAT HE CALLED A FIREMAN AND HE SAID I DON'T WANT HE WOULD BE WHAT HE CALLED A FIREMAN AND HE SAID I DON'T WANT TO BE A FIREMAN ANYMORE.

FIREMAN AND HE SAID I DON'T WANT TO BE A FIREMAN ANYMORE.

I WANT TO ORGANIZE SOMETHING AND TO BE A FIREMAN ANYMORE.

I WANT TO ORGANIZE SOMETHING AND TRY TO GO FOR BROKE, BECAUSE WE I WANT TO ORGANIZE SOMETHING AND TRY TO GO FOR BROKE, BECAUSE WE NEED TO HAVE A SIGN OF PROGRESS TRY TO GO FOR BROKE, BECAUSE WE NEED TO HAVE A SIGN OF PROGRESS THAT WE CAN HANG ONTO.

NEED TO HAVE A SIGN OF PROGRESS THAT WE CAN HANG ONTO.

>> IN A SERIES OF CHURCH THAT WE CAN HANG ONTO.

>> IN A SERIES OF CHURCH MEETINGS, KING TRIED TO MOTIVATE >> IN A SERIES OF CHURCH MEETINGS, KING TRIED TO MOTIVATE BIRMINGHAM ADULTS TO TAKE PART MEETINGS, KING TRIED TO MOTIVATE BIRMINGHAM ADULTS TO TAKE PART IN DEMONSTRATIONS AGAINST BIRMINGHAM ADULTS TO TAKE PART IN DEMONSTRATIONS AGAINST SEGREGATION.

IN DEMONSTRATIONS AGAINST SEGREGATION.

BUT HE DIDN'T GET THE NUMBERS HE SEGREGATION.

BUT HE DIDN'T GET THE NUMBERS HE WAS SEEKING.

BUT HE DIDN'T GET THE NUMBERS HE WAS SEEKING.

ON APRIL 12th, GOOD FRIDAY, KING WAS SEEKING.

ON APRIL 12th, GOOD FRIDAY, KING HIMSELF WAS ARRESTED DURING A ON APRIL 12th, GOOD FRIDAY, KING HIMSELF WAS ARRESTED DURING A MARCH.

HIMSELF WAS ARRESTED DURING A MARCH.

DURING HIS TWO-WEEK DETENTION, MARCH.

DURING HIS TWO-WEEK DETENTION, HE WROTE HIS LETTER FROM DURING HIS TWO-WEEK DETENTION, HE WROTE HIS LETTER FROM BIRMINGHAM JAIL.

HE WROTE HIS LETTER FROM BIRMINGHAM JAIL.

TODAY, RELIGIOUS LEADERS ACROSS BIRMINGHAM JAIL.

TODAY, RELIGIOUS LEADERS ACROSS THE SPECTRUM PRAISED THE TODAY, RELIGIOUS LEADERS ACROSS THE SPECTRUM PRAISED THE LETTER'S VIGOROUS DEFENSE OF THE SPECTRUM PRAISED THE LETTER'S VIGOROUS DEFENSE OF NONVIOLENT PROTEST.

LETTER'S VIGOROUS DEFENSE OF NONVIOLENT PROTEST.

AT THE TIME, IT WAS LARGELY NONVIOLENT PROTEST.

AT THE TIME, IT WAS LARGELY IGNORED BY THE OUTSIDE WORLD.

AT THE TIME, IT WAS LARGELY IGNORED BY THE OUTSIDE WORLD.

BRANCH SAYS KING WAS IGNORED BY THE OUTSIDE WORLD.

BRANCH SAYS KING WAS DISCOURAGED, AND CONSIDERED BRANCH SAYS KING WAS DISCOURAGED, AND CONSIDERED PULLING OUT.

DISCOURAGED, AND CONSIDERED PULLING OUT.

THEN SOME OF HIS COWORKERS PULLING OUT.

THEN SOME OF HIS COWORKERS PROPOSED ALLOWING CHILDREN TO THEN SOME OF HIS COWORKERS PROPOSED ALLOWING CHILDREN TO JOIN THE MARCHES.

PROPOSED ALLOWING CHILDREN TO JOIN THE MARCHES.

IT WAS A CONTROVERSIAL JOIN THE MARCHES.

IT WAS A CONTROVERSIAL PROPOSITION, BUT KING IT WAS A CONTROVERSIAL PROPOSITION, BUT KING RELUCTANTLY AGREED.

PROPOSITION, BUT KING RELUCTANTLY AGREED.

>> THIS WAS ONE OF THE RELUCTANTLY AGREED.

>> THIS WAS ONE OF THE TREMENDOUS GAMBLES IN HISTORY.

>> THIS WAS ONE OF THE TREMENDOUS GAMBLES IN HISTORY.

>> Reporter: THE CHILDREN'S TREMENDOUS GAMBLES IN HISTORY.

>> Reporter: THE CHILDREN'S CRUSADE, OR CHILDREN'S MARCH, >> Reporter: THE CHILDREN'S CRUSADE, OR CHILDREN'S MARCH, BEGAN ON MAY 2nd.

CRUSADE, OR CHILDREN'S MARCH, BEGAN ON MAY 2nd.

HUNDREDS OF ELEMENTARY AND HIGH BEGAN ON MAY 2nd.

HUNDREDS OF ELEMENTARY AND HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS SKIPPED CLASSES, HUNDREDS OF ELEMENTARY AND HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS SKIPPED CLASSES, MET AT 16th STREET BAPTIST SCHOOL STUDENTS SKIPPED CLASSES, MET AT 16th STREET BAPTIST CHURCH AND CAME OUT MARCHING AND MET AT 16th STREET BAPTIST CHURCH AND CAME OUT MARCHING AND SINGING.

CHURCH AND CAME OUT MARCHING AND SINGING.

WAITING POLICE ARRESTED THEM FOR SINGING.

WAITING POLICE ARRESTED THEM FOR PARADING WITHOUT A PERMIT.

WAITING POLICE ARRESTED THEM FOR PARADING WITHOUT A PERMIT.

MORE THAN 600 WERE TAKEN INTO PARADING WITHOUT A PERMIT.

MORE THAN 600 WERE TAKEN INTO CUSTODY BUT MORE STUDENTS KEPT MORE THAN 600 WERE TAKEN INTO CUSTODY BUT MORE STUDENTS KEPT SHOWING UP.

CUSTODY BUT MORE STUDENTS KEPT SHOWING UP.

BIRMINGHAM AUTHORITIES SPRAYED SHOWING UP.

BIRMINGHAM AUTHORITIES SPRAYED THE MARCHERS WITH HIGH-POWERED BIRMINGHAM AUTHORITIES SPRAYED THE MARCHERS WITH HIGH-POWERED WATER HOSES AND USED POLICE DOGS THE MARCHERS WITH HIGH-POWERED WATER HOSES AND USED POLICE DOGS TO TRY AND RESTORE ORDER.

WATER HOSES AND USED POLICE DOGS TO TRY AND RESTORE ORDER.

INSPIRED BY THE CHILDREN'S TO TRY AND RESTORE ORDER.

INSPIRED BY THE CHILDREN'S COURAGE, ADULTS IN BIRMINGHAM INSPIRED BY THE CHILDREN'S COURAGE, ADULTS IN BIRMINGHAM AND ACROSS THE COUNTRY JOINED COURAGE, ADULTS IN BIRMINGHAM AND ACROSS THE COUNTRY JOINED ANTI-SEGREGATION PROTESTS.

AND ACROSS THE COUNTRY JOINED ANTI-SEGREGATION PROTESTS.

>> THAT BROKE DOWN THOSE ANTI-SEGREGATION PROTESTS.

>> THAT BROKE DOWN THOSE EMOTIONAL BARRIERS WHEN THEY SAW >> THAT BROKE DOWN THOSE EMOTIONAL BARRIERS WHEN THEY SAW THOSE CHILDREN SUFFERING.

EMOTIONAL BARRIERS WHEN THEY SAW THOSE CHILDREN SUFFERING.

MILLIONS OF PEOPLE SAID I NEED THOSE CHILDREN SUFFERING.

MILLIONS OF PEOPLE SAID I NEED TO DO SOMETHING ABOUT THIS.

MILLIONS OF PEOPLE SAID I NEED TO DO SOMETHING ABOUT THIS.

>> THE KENNEDY ADMINISTRATION TO DO SOMETHING ABOUT THIS.

>> THE KENNEDY ADMINISTRATION HAD LONG BEEN WRESTLING OVER HOW >> THE KENNEDY ADMINISTRATION HAD LONG BEEN WRESTLING OVER HOW TO ADDRESS THE CIVIL RIGHTS HAD LONG BEEN WRESTLING OVER HOW TO ADDRESS THE CIVIL RIGHTS ISSUE.

TO ADDRESS THE CIVIL RIGHTS ISSUE.

ON JUNE 11th, THE PRESIDENT WENT ISSUE.

ON JUNE 11th, THE PRESIDENT WENT ON NATIONAL TELEVISION, AND ON JUNE 11th, THE PRESIDENT WENT ON NATIONAL TELEVISION, AND CITING THE EVENTS IN ALABAMA, ON NATIONAL TELEVISION, AND CITING THE EVENTS IN ALABAMA, ANNOUNCED HE WOULD INTRODUCE NEW CITING THE EVENTS IN ALABAMA, ANNOUNCED HE WOULD INTRODUCE NEW FEDERAL CIVIL RIGHTS ANNOUNCED HE WOULD INTRODUCE NEW FEDERAL CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION.

FEDERAL CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION.

>> WE FACE, THEREFORE, A MORAL LEGISLATION.

>> WE FACE, THEREFORE, A MORAL CRISIS AS A COUNTRY AND A >> WE FACE, THEREFORE, A MORAL CRISIS AS A COUNTRY AND A PEOPLE.

CRISIS AS A COUNTRY AND A PEOPLE.

IT CANNOT BE MET BY REPRESSIVE PEOPLE.

IT CANNOT BE MET BY REPRESSIVE POLICE ACTION.

IT CANNOT BE MET BY REPRESSIVE POLICE ACTION.

IT CANNOT BE LEFT TO INCREASED POLICE ACTION.

IT CANNOT BE LEFT TO INCREASED DEMONSTRATION IN THE STREETS.

IT CANNOT BE LEFT TO INCREASED DEMONSTRATION IN THE STREETS.

IT CANNOT BE QUIETED BY TOKEN DEMONSTRATION IN THE STREETS.

IT CANNOT BE QUIETED BY TOKEN MOVES.

IT CANNOT BE QUIETED BY TOKEN MOVES.

>> MOVEMENT LEADERS WERE ELATED MOVES.

>> MOVEMENT LEADERS WERE ELATED BUT THEIR JOY WAS SHORT-LIVED.

>> MOVEMENT LEADERS WERE ELATED BUT THEIR JOY WAS SHORT-LIVED.

HOURS LATER, PROMINENT NAACP BUT THEIR JOY WAS SHORT-LIVED.

HOURS LATER, PROMINENT NAACP MISSISSIPPI FIELD SECRETARY HOURS LATER, PROMINENT NAACP MISSISSIPPI FIELD SECRETARY MEDGAR EVERS WAS MURDERED AFTER MISSISSIPPI FIELD SECRETARY MEDGAR EVERS WAS MURDERED AFTER A CIVIL RIGHTS RALLY.

MEDGAR EVERS WAS MURDERED AFTER A CIVIL RIGHTS RALLY.

>> THAT WAS A RECURRENT PATTERN A CIVIL RIGHTS RALLY.

>> THAT WAS A RECURRENT PATTERN IN THE MOVEMENT THAT WHENEVER >> THAT WAS A RECURRENT PATTERN IN THE MOVEMENT THAT WHENEVER SOMETHING HOPEFUL HAPPENED, YOU IN THE MOVEMENT THAT WHENEVER SOMETHING HOPEFUL HAPPENED, YOU TENDED TO HUNCH OVER BECAUSE SOMETHING HOPEFUL HAPPENED, YOU TENDED TO HUNCH OVER BECAUSE SOMETHING REALLY BAD WOULD TENDED TO HUNCH OVER BECAUSE SOMETHING REALLY BAD WOULD HAPPEN.

SOMETHING REALLY BAD WOULD HAPPEN.

>> Reporter: DESPITE THE HAPPEN.

>> Reporter: DESPITE THE TRAGEDY, EVERS' WORK CONTINUED.

>> Reporter: DESPITE THE TRAGEDY, EVERS' WORK CONTINUED.

DURING A CEREMONY AT ARLINGTON TRAGEDY, EVERS' WORK CONTINUED.

DURING A CEREMONY AT ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY TO MARK THE DURING A CEREMONY AT ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY TO MARK THE 50th SAN REMEMBERSRY OF HIS NATIONAL CEMETERY TO MARK THE 50th SAN REMEMBERSRY OF HIS DEATH, LEADERS SAID EVERS' FAITH 50th SAN REMEMBERSRY OF HIS DEATH, LEADERS SAID EVERS' FAITH WAS A MODEL FOR OTHER ACTIVISTS.

DEATH, LEADERS SAID EVERS' FAITH WAS A MODEL FOR OTHER ACTIVISTS.

>> MEDGAR WILY EVERS HAD A VERY WAS A MODEL FOR OTHER ACTIVISTS.

>> MEDGAR WILY EVERS HAD A VERY CLEAR, AND DEEPLY ROOTED BELIEF >> MEDGAR WILY EVERS HAD A VERY CLEAR, AND DEEPLY ROOTED BELIEF THAT FEAR AND FAITH COULD NOT CLEAR, AND DEEPLY ROOTED BELIEF THAT FEAR AND FAITH COULD NOT AND CANNOT OCCUPY THE SAME SPACE THAT FEAR AND FAITH COULD NOT AND CANNOT OCCUPY THE SAME SPACE AT THE SAME TIME.

AND CANNOT OCCUPY THE SAME SPACE AT THE SAME TIME.

>> Reporter: HOPING TO CONVINCE AT THE SAME TIME.

>> Reporter: HOPING TO CONVINCE CONGRESS TO PASS A CIVIL RIGHTS >> Reporter: HOPING TO CONVINCE CONGRESS TO PASS A CIVIL RIGHTS BILL, MOVEMENT LEADERS PLANNED A CONGRESS TO PASS A CIVIL RIGHTS BILL, MOVEMENT LEADERS PLANNED A MASSIVE MARCH IN WASHINGTON, BILL, MOVEMENT LEADERS PLANNED A MASSIVE MARCH IN WASHINGTON, D.C. FOR AUGUST 2th.

MASSIVE MARCH IN WASHINGTON, D.C. FOR AUGUST 2th.

THE NATION'S CAPITAL PREPARED D.C. FOR AUGUST 2th.

THE NATION'S CAPITAL PREPARED FOR THE WORST.

THE NATION'S CAPITAL PREPARED FOR THE WORST.

>> NOT WIDELY KNOWN, BUT FOR THE WORST.

>> NOT WIDELY KNOWN, BUT BASICALLY OFFICIAL WASHINGTON >> NOT WIDELY KNOWN, BUT BASICALLY OFFICIAL WASHINGTON ANTICIPATED ARMAGEDDON, BECAUSE BASICALLY OFFICIAL WASHINGTON ANTICIPATED ARMAGEDDON, BECAUSE SUBLIMINALLY, PEOPLE FEEL YOU ANTICIPATED ARMAGEDDON, BECAUSE SUBLIMINALLY, PEOPLE FEEL YOU CAN'T GET LARGE NUMBERS OF BLACK SUBLIMINALLY, PEOPLE FEEL YOU CAN'T GET LARGE NUMBERS OF BLACK PEOPLE IN THE NATION'S CAPITAL CAN'T GET LARGE NUMBERS OF BLACK PEOPLE IN THE NATION'S CAPITAL WITHOUT BLOODSHED.

PEOPLE IN THE NATION'S CAPITAL WITHOUT BLOODSHED.

>> Reporter: SOME 250,000 PEOPLE WITHOUT BLOODSHED.

>> Reporter: SOME 250,000 PEOPLE PEACEFULLY MARCHED FOR JOBS AND >> Reporter: SOME 250,000 PEOPLE PEACEFULLY MARCHED FOR JOBS AND FOR FREEDOM.

PEACEFULLY MARCHED FOR JOBS AND FOR FREEDOM.

THE HIGHLIGHT WAS KING'S SPEECH, FOR FREEDOM.

THE HIGHLIGHT WAS KING'S SPEECH, WHICH CLOSED WITH HIS STIRRING, THE HIGHLIGHT WAS KING'S SPEECH, WHICH CLOSED WITH HIS STIRRING, "I HAVE A DREAM" RHETORIC.

WHICH CLOSED WITH HIS STIRRING, "I HAVE A DREAM" RHETORIC.

>> IN MANY RESPECTS THAT'S THE "I HAVE A DREAM" RHETORIC.

>> IN MANY RESPECTS THAT'S THE ONLY MARTIN LUTHER KING SPEECH >> IN MANY RESPECTS THAT'S THE ONLY MARTIN LUTHER KING SPEECH THAT MOST PEOPLE HEARD BECAUSE ONLY MARTIN LUTHER KING SPEECH THAT MOST PEOPLE HEARD BECAUSE IT WAS WIDELY PUBLICIZED, ON THAT MOST PEOPLE HEARD BECAUSE IT WAS WIDELY PUBLICIZED, ON NATIONAL TELEVISION.

IT WAS WIDELY PUBLICIZED, ON NATIONAL TELEVISION.

A WHOLE MASS MEETING AND A WHOLE NATIONAL TELEVISION.

A WHOLE MASS MEETING AND A WHOLE MARTIN LUTHER KING SPEECH ON ONE A WHOLE MASS MEETING AND A WHOLE MARTIN LUTHER KING SPEECH ON ONE PERSON WAS TELEVISED.

MARTIN LUTHER KING SPEECH ON ONE PERSON WAS TELEVISED.

THAT'S A REMARKABLE THING.

PERSON WAS TELEVISED.

THAT'S A REMARKABLE THING.

PEOPLE WHO HAD NEVER DISCUSSED THAT'S A REMARKABLE THING.

PEOPLE WHO HAD NEVER DISCUSSED RACE WERE DISCUSSING RACE.

PEOPLE WHO HAD NEVER DISCUSSED RACE WERE DISCUSSING RACE.

>> I THINK THIS MARCH WILL GO RACE WERE DISCUSSING RACE.

>> I THINK THIS MARCH WILL GO DOWN AS ONE OF THE GREATEST, IF >> I THINK THIS MARCH WILL GO DOWN AS ONE OF THE GREATEST, IF NOT THE GREATEST DEMONSTRATION DOWN AS ONE OF THE GREATEST, IF NOT THE GREATEST DEMONSTRATION FOR FREEDOM AND HUMAN DIGNITY NOT THE GREATEST DEMONSTRATION FOR FREEDOM AND HUMAN DIGNITY EVER HELD IN THE UNITED STATES.

FOR FREEDOM AND HUMAN DIGNITY EVER HELD IN THE UNITED STATES.

>> Reporter: BUT ONCE AGAIN, EVER HELD IN THE UNITED STATES.

>> Reporter: BUT ONCE AGAIN, TRIUMPH WAS BRIEF.

>> Reporter: BUT ONCE AGAIN, TRIUMPH WAS BRIEF.

LESS THAN A MONTH LATER, ON TRIUMPH WAS BRIEF.

LESS THAN A MONTH LATER, ON SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 15th, LESS THAN A MONTH LATER, ON SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 15th, BIRMINGHAM'S 16th STREET BAPTIST SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 15th, BIRMINGHAM'S 16th STREET BAPTIST CHURCH WAS BOMBED.

BIRMINGHAM'S 16th STREET BAPTIST CHURCH WAS BOMBED.

FOUR YOUNG BLACK GIRLS WERE CHURCH WAS BOMBED.

FOUR YOUNG BLACK GIRLS WERE KILLED.

FOUR YOUNG BLACK GIRLS WERE KILLED.

THE MOVEMENT WAS DEVASTATED.

KILLED.

THE MOVEMENT WAS DEVASTATED.

THE NOVEMBER 22nd ASSASSINATION THE MOVEMENT WAS DEVASTATED.

THE NOVEMBER 22nd ASSASSINATION OF KENNEDY BROUGHT FURTHER THE NOVEMBER 22nd ASSASSINATION OF KENNEDY BROUGHT FURTHER DESPAIR, BUT BRANCH SAYS IT ALSO OF KENNEDY BROUGHT FURTHER DESPAIR, BUT BRANCH SAYS IT ALSO BECAME A CATALYST FOR ULTIMATE DESPAIR, BUT BRANCH SAYS IT ALSO BECAME A CATALYST FOR ULTIMATE CHANGE.

BECAME A CATALYST FOR ULTIMATE CHANGE.

>> A LOT OF PEOPLE SAID SOMEHOW CHANGE.

>> A LOT OF PEOPLE SAID SOMEHOW THIS IS ABOUT HATRED, AND >> A LOT OF PEOPLE SAID SOMEHOW THIS IS ABOUT HATRED, AND SOMEHOW THE CIVIL RIGHTS BILL, THIS IS ABOUT HATRED, AND SOMEHOW THE CIVIL RIGHTS BILL, WHICH IS STALLED, IS ABOUT SOMEHOW THE CIVIL RIGHTS BILL, WHICH IS STALLED, IS ABOUT OVERCOMING HATRED.

WHICH IS STALLED, IS ABOUT OVERCOMING HATRED.

AND PRESIDENT JOHNSON VERY OVERCOMING HATRED.

AND PRESIDENT JOHNSON VERY SKILLFULLY SPOKE OF THAT, HELPED AND PRESIDENT JOHNSON VERY SKILLFULLY SPOKE OF THAT, HELPED ESSENTIALLY TURN PRESIDENT SKILLFULLY SPOKE OF THAT, HELPED ESSENTIALLY TURN PRESIDENT KENNEDY INTO A MARTYR FOR THIS ESSENTIALLY TURN PRESIDENT KENNEDY INTO A MARTYR FOR THIS PARTICULAR CAUSE.

KENNEDY INTO A MARTYR FOR THIS PARTICULAR CAUSE.

AND SO HISTORY TOOK OFF FROM PARTICULAR CAUSE.

AND SO HISTORY TOOK OFF FROM THERE.

AND SO HISTORY TOOK OFF FROM THERE.

>> THE LANDMARK CIVIL RIGHTS ACT THERE.

>> THE LANDMARK CIVIL RIGHTS ACT WAS SIGNED INTO LAW ON JULY 2nd, >> THE LANDMARK CIVIL RIGHTS ACT WAS SIGNED INTO LAW ON JULY 2nd, 1964.

WAS SIGNED INTO LAW ON JULY 2nd, 1964.

THROUGHOUT THE TUMULTUOUS YEAR 1964.

THROUGHOUT THE TUMULTUOUS YEAR OF 1963 AND BEYOND, BRANCH SAYS THROUGHOUT THE TUMULTUOUS YEAR OF 1963 AND BEYOND, BRANCH SAYS KING DREW ON HIS CHRISTIAN FAITH OF 1963 AND BEYOND, BRANCH SAYS KING DREW ON HIS CHRISTIAN FAITH TO ENCOURAGE HIS FLOCK TO KING DREW ON HIS CHRISTIAN FAITH TO ENCOURAGE HIS FLOCK TO PERSEVERE WITH THEIR CAUSE.

TO ENCOURAGE HIS FLOCK TO PERSEVERE WITH THEIR CAUSE.

>> YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE TO HAVE PERSEVERE WITH THEIR CAUSE.

>> YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE TO HAVE INSPIRATIONAL MOMENTS AND YOU'RE >> YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE TO HAVE INSPIRATIONAL MOMENTS AND YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE TO GO THROUGH INSPIRATIONAL MOMENTS AND YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE TO GO THROUGH PEAKS AND VALLEYS.

GOING TO HAVE TO GO THROUGH PEAKS AND VALLEYS.

AND THAT WAS THE GREAT THING PEAKS AND VALLEYS.

AND THAT WAS THE GREAT THING ABOUT DR. KING'S LEADERSHIP, AND THAT WAS THE GREAT THING ABOUT DR. KING'S LEADERSHIP, MUCH OF WHICH HE GOT FROM THE ABOUT DR. KING'S LEADERSHIP, MUCH OF WHICH HE GOT FROM THE BIBLE.

MUCH OF WHICH HE GOT FROM THE BIBLE.

BUT IT TOOK REDEMPTION, AND IT BIBLE.

BUT IT TOOK REDEMPTION, AND IT TOOK FAITH AND TENACITY NOT JUST BUT IT TOOK REDEMPTION, AND IT TOOK FAITH AND TENACITY NOT JUST KIND OF AN EMPTY, SIMPLE HOPE, TOOK FAITH AND TENACITY NOT JUST KIND OF AN EMPTY, SIMPLE HOPE, THIS IS EASY, TO ACCOMPLISH THE KIND OF AN EMPTY, SIMPLE HOPE, THIS IS EASY, TO ACCOMPLISH THE WORK OF THE LORD, AND THE WORK THIS IS EASY, TO ACCOMPLISH THE WORK OF THE LORD, AND THE WORK OF FREEDOM, EITHER ONE.

WORK OF THE LORD, AND THE WORK OF FREEDOM, EITHER ONE.

>> I'M KIM LAWTON, IN OF FREEDOM, EITHER ONE.

>> I'M KIM LAWTON, IN BIRMINGHAM.

>> I'M KIM LAWTON, IN BIRMINGHAM.

♪ BIRMINGHAM.

♪ >> THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR NOW.

♪ >> THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR NOW.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

>> THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR NOW.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND FACEBOOK, THERE'S ALWAYS MORE ON YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND FACEBOOK, THERE'S ALWAYS MORE ON YOUR WEBSITE, INCLUDING MORE OF FACEBOOK, THERE'S ALWAYS MORE ON YOUR WEBSITE, INCLUDING MORE OF OUR INTERVIEW WITH HISTORIAN YOUR WEBSITE, INCLUDING MORE OF OUR INTERVIEW WITH HISTORIAN TAYLOR BRANCH ABOUT THE 1963 OUR INTERVIEW WITH HISTORIAN TAYLOR BRANCH ABOUT THE 1963 MARCH ON WASHINGTON.

TAYLOR BRANCH ABOUT THE 1963 MARCH ON WASHINGTON.

AND YOU CAN READ AN EXCERPT FROM MARCH ON WASHINGTON.

AND YOU CAN READ AN EXCERPT FROM HIS BOOK "THE KING YEARS."

AND YOU CAN READ AN EXCERPT FROM HIS BOOK "THE KING YEARS."

AUDIO AND VIDEO PODCASTS ARE HIS BOOK "THE KING YEARS."

AUDIO AND VIDEO PODCASTS ARE ALSO AVAILABLE.

AUDIO AND VIDEO PODCASTS ARE ALSO AVAILABLE.

JOIN US AT PBS.ORG.

ALSO AVAILABLE.

JOIN US AT PBS.ORG.

AS WE LEAVE YOU, SCENES FROM THE JOIN US AT PBS.ORG.

AS WE LEAVE YOU, SCENES FROM THE VATICAN, WHERE POPE FRANCIS AS WE LEAVE YOU, SCENES FROM THE VATICAN, WHERE POPE FRANCIS MARKED 100 DAYS SINCE BECOMING VATICAN, WHERE POPE FRANCIS MARKED 100 DAYS SINCE BECOMING POPE, AND CELEBRATED ANOTHER MARKED 100 DAYS SINCE BECOMING POPE, AND CELEBRATED ANOTHER MILESTONE, THE 110th ANNIVERSARY POPE, AND CELEBRATED ANOTHER MILESTONE, THE 110th ANNIVERSARY OF HARLEY-DAVIDSON MOTORCYCLES.

MILESTONE, THE 110th ANNIVERSARY OF HARLEY-DAVIDSON MOTORCYCLES.

THE POPE BLESSED THOUSANDS OF OF HARLEY-DAVIDSON MOTORCYCLES.

THE POPE BLESSED THOUSANDS OF BIKES AND BIKERS, AND IN RETURN THE POPE BLESSED THOUSANDS OF BIKES AND BIKERS, AND IN RETURN WAS GIVEN A BLACK LEATHER BIKES AND BIKERS, AND IN RETURN WAS GIVEN A BLACK LEATHER JACKET, AND TWO HARLEYS FOR THE WAS GIVEN A BLACK LEATHER JACKET, AND TWO HARLEYS FOR THE VATICAN POLICE FORCE.

RPORATION RPORATION BROADCASTING.

RPORATION BROADCASTING.

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