>>> COMING UP -- THE MORAL >>> COMING UP -- THE MORAL QUESTIONS SURROUNDING MISSILE >>> COMING UP -- THE MORAL QUESTIONS SURROUNDING MISSILE ATTACKS ON SYRIA.

QUESTIONS SURROUNDING MISSILE ATTACKS ON SYRIA.

>>> ALSO, 50 YEARS AFTER MARTIN ATTACKS ON SYRIA.

>>> ALSO, 50 YEARS AFTER MARTIN LUTHER KING'S "I HAVE A DREAM" >>> ALSO, 50 YEARS AFTER MARTIN LUTHER KING'S "I HAVE A DREAM" SPEECH, JUDY VALENTE REPORTS ON LUTHER KING'S "I HAVE A DREAM" SPEECH, JUDY VALENTE REPORTS ON ANOTHER OUTSPOKEN ADVOCATE OF SPEECH, JUDY VALENTE REPORTS ON ANOTHER OUTSPOKEN ADVOCATE OF CHANGE WITHIN THE CATHOLIC ANOTHER OUTSPOKEN ADVOCATE OF CHANGE WITHIN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

CHANGE WITHIN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

>>> AND FRED DE SAM LAZARO ON >>> WELCOME.

>>> WELCOME.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

>>> WELCOME.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH US.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH US.

THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY WAS IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH US.

THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY WAS DEEPLY DIVIDED THIS WEEK OVER THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY WAS DEEPLY DIVIDED THIS WEEK OVER MILITARY STRIKES AGAINST SYRIA DEEPLY DIVIDED THIS WEEK OVER MILITARY STRIKES AGAINST SYRIA IN RESPONSE TO REPORTS LAST WEEK MILITARY STRIKES AGAINST SYRIA IN RESPONSE TO REPORTS LAST WEEK THAT THE ASSAD REGIME HAD USED IN RESPONSE TO REPORTS LAST WEEK THAT THE ASSAD REGIME HAD USED CHEMICAL WEAPONS ON THE SYRIAN THAT THE ASSAD REGIME HAD USED CHEMICAL WEAPONS ON THE SYRIAN PEOPLE.

CHEMICAL WEAPONS ON THE SYRIAN PEOPLE.

THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION SAID AT PEOPLE.

THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION SAID AT LEAST 1,429 PEOPLE WERE KILLED THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION SAID AT LEAST 1,429 PEOPLE WERE KILLED IN THE CHEMICAL ATTACK, AMONG LEAST 1,429 PEOPLE WERE KILLED IN THE CHEMICAL ATTACK, AMONG THEM, 426 CHILDREN.

IN THE CHEMICAL ATTACK, AMONG THEM, 426 CHILDREN.

ON FRIDAY, THE SECRETARY OF THEM, 426 CHILDREN.

ON FRIDAY, THE SECRETARY OF STATE JOHN KERRY OUTLINED THE ON FRIDAY, THE SECRETARY OF STATE JOHN KERRY OUTLINED THE ADMINISTRATION'S CASE AGAINST STATE JOHN KERRY OUTLINED THE ADMINISTRATION'S CASE AGAINST THE ASSAD REGIME.

ADMINISTRATION'S CASE AGAINST THE ASSAD REGIME.

EARLIER IN THE WEEK, KERRY SAID THE ASSAD REGIME.

EARLIER IN THE WEEK, KERRY SAID THE CHEMICAL ATTACK SHOULD SHOCK EARLIER IN THE WEEK, KERRY SAID THE CHEMICAL ATTACK SHOULD SHOCK THE CONSCIENCE OF THE WORLD.

THE CHEMICAL ATTACK SHOULD SHOCK THE CONSCIENCE OF THE WORLD.

>> LET ME BE CLEAR, THE THE CONSCIENCE OF THE WORLD.

>> LET ME BE CLEAR, THE INDISCRIMINATE SLAUGHTER OF >> LET ME BE CLEAR, THE INDISCRIMINATE SLAUGHTER OF CIVILIANS, THE KILLING OF WOMEN INDISCRIMINATE SLAUGHTER OF CIVILIANS, THE KILLING OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN AND INNOCENT CIVILIANS, THE KILLING OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN AND INNOCENT BYSTANDERS BY CHEMICAL WEAPONS AND CHILDREN AND INNOCENT BYSTANDERS BY CHEMICAL WEAPONS IS A MORAL OBSCENITY.

BYSTANDERS BY CHEMICAL WEAPONS IS A MORAL OBSCENITY.

>>> MEANWHILE, MANY RELIGIOUS IS A MORAL OBSCENITY.

>>> MEANWHILE, MANY RELIGIOUS LEADERS WARNED AGAINST THE USE >>> MEANWHILE, MANY RELIGIOUS LEADERS WARNED AGAINST THE USE OF FORCE BY OTHER NATIONS LEADERS WARNED AGAINST THE USE OF FORCE BY OTHER NATIONS AGAINST SYRIA.

OF FORCE BY OTHER NATIONS AGAINST SYRIA.

FROM THE VATICAN, POPE FRANCIS AGAINST SYRIA.

FROM THE VATICAN, POPE FRANCIS SAID DIALOGUE IS THE ONLY OPTION FROM THE VATICAN, POPE FRANCIS SAID DIALOGUE IS THE ONLY OPTION TO END THE WAR THERE.

SAID DIALOGUE IS THE ONLY OPTION TO END THE WAR THERE.

FOR MORE ON ALL THIS, I'M JOINED TO END THE WAR THERE.

FOR MORE ON ALL THIS, I'M JOINED BY KIM LAWTON, MANAGING EDITOR FOR MORE ON ALL THIS, I'M JOINED BY KIM LAWTON, MANAGING EDITOR OF THIS PROGRAM, AND GEORGE BY KIM LAWTON, MANAGING EDITOR OF THIS PROGRAM, AND GEORGE LOPEZ, A PROFESSOR AT THE KROC OF THIS PROGRAM, AND GEORGE LOPEZ, A PROFESSOR AT THE KROC INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL LOPEZ, A PROFESSOR AT THE KROC INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME.

PEACE STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME.

GEORGE, WELCOME.

OF NOTRE DAME.

GEORGE, WELCOME.

WOULD YOU SUM UP THE MAJOR GEORGE, WELCOME.

WOULD YOU SUM UP THE MAJOR ISSUES INVOLVED HERE.

WOULD YOU SUM UP THE MAJOR ISSUES INVOLVED HERE.

>> THE MAJOR ISSUES, A PUBLIC ISSUES INVOLVED HERE.

>> THE MAJOR ISSUES, A PUBLIC EVIL WITH A CHEMICAL WEAPONS >> THE MAJOR ISSUES, A PUBLIC EVIL WITH A CHEMICAL WEAPONS ATTACK.

EVIL WITH A CHEMICAL WEAPONS ATTACK.

ON CRITERIA OF LAST RESORT, ATTACK.

ON CRITERIA OF LAST RESORT, PROPORTION THE RESPONSE, ON CRITERIA OF LAST RESORT, PROPORTION THE RESPONSE, PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS, THIS PROPORTION THE RESPONSE, PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS, THIS STRIKE IDEA REALLY FALLS SHORT PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS, THIS STRIKE IDEA REALLY FALLS SHORT OF THE MARK.

STRIKE IDEA REALLY FALLS SHORT OF THE MARK.

>> THERE'S A LOT OF TALK OF WE OF THE MARK.

>> THERE'S A LOT OF TALK OF WE HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT >> THERE'S A LOT OF TALK OF WE HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT IN THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT IN THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY WHEN CIVILIANS ARE FACING GRAVE IN THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY WHEN CIVILIANS ARE FACING GRAVE CRIMES.

WHEN CIVILIANS ARE FACING GRAVE CRIMES.

WHERE DOES THAT PLAY INTO ALL OF CRIMES.

WHERE DOES THAT PLAY INTO ALL OF THIS?

WHERE DOES THAT PLAY INTO ALL OF THIS?

>> WELL, IT GETS VERY CLOSE, THIS?

>> WELL, IT GETS VERY CLOSE, KIM, TO THE LAST RESORT CRITERIA >> WELL, IT GETS VERY CLOSE, KIM, TO THE LAST RESORT CRITERIA IN JUST WAR THEORY AND THAT IS, KIM, TO THE LAST RESORT CRITERIA IN JUST WAR THEORY AND THAT IS, ARE THERE A NUMBER OF OTHER IN JUST WAR THEORY AND THAT IS, ARE THERE A NUMBER OF OTHER ECONOMIC, DIPLOMATIC STEPS THAT ARE THERE A NUMBER OF OTHER ECONOMIC, DIPLOMATIC STEPS THAT BE TAKEN SHORT OF THE USE OF ECONOMIC, DIPLOMATIC STEPS THAT BE TAKEN SHORT OF THE USE OF MILITARY FORCE AND THERE BE TAKEN SHORT OF THE USE OF MILITARY FORCE AND THERE CERTAINLY ARE, PARTICULARLY WITH MILITARY FORCE AND THERE CERTAINLY ARE, PARTICULARLY WITH PUTTING MORE INSPECTORS ON THE CERTAINLY ARE, PARTICULARLY WITH PUTTING MORE INSPECTORS ON THE GROUND AND MORE DEMANDS TO THE PUTTING MORE INSPECTORS ON THE GROUND AND MORE DEMANDS TO THE ASSAD REGIME TO TURN OVER THOSE GROUND AND MORE DEMANDS TO THE ASSAD REGIME TO TURN OVER THOSE RESPONSIBLE FOR THESE ATTACKS.

ASSAD REGIME TO TURN OVER THOSE RESPONSIBLE FOR THESE ATTACKS.

THEY HAVEN'T BEEN RESORTED TO.

RESPONSIBLE FOR THESE ATTACKS.

THEY HAVEN'T BEEN RESORTED TO.

>> IF WE HAD NOT ATTACKED, IF WE THEY HAVEN'T BEEN RESORTED TO.

>> IF WE HAD NOT ATTACKED, IF WE DID NOT ATTACK, GEORGE, WOULD >> IF WE HAD NOT ATTACKED, IF WE DID NOT ATTACK, GEORGE, WOULD THAT BE A GRAVE PROBLEM FOR OUR DID NOT ATTACK, GEORGE, WOULD THAT BE A GRAVE PROBLEM FOR OUR CREDITABILITY IN ANY FUTURE THAT BE A GRAVE PROBLEM FOR OUR CREDITABILITY IN ANY FUTURE SITUATION LIKE THIS?

CREDITABILITY IN ANY FUTURE SITUATION LIKE THIS?

>> ONLY FOR THOSE WHO BELIEVE SITUATION LIKE THIS?

>> ONLY FOR THOSE WHO BELIEVE THAT THE ONLY WAY YOU ESTABLISH >> ONLY FOR THOSE WHO BELIEVE THAT THE ONLY WAY YOU ESTABLISH CREDIBILITY IS THROUGH THE USE THAT THE ONLY WAY YOU ESTABLISH CREDIBILITY IS THROUGH THE USE OF MILITARY FORCE.

CREDIBILITY IS THROUGH THE USE OF MILITARY FORCE.

WHERE WE'D LACK CREDIBILITY IS OF MILITARY FORCE.

WHERE WE'D LACK CREDIBILITY IS IF WE DIDN'T ENGAGE IN LEADING WHERE WE'D LACK CREDIBILITY IS IF WE DIDN'T ENGAGE IN LEADING THE MORAL CHARGE, CRITIQUE AND IF WE DIDN'T ENGAGE IN LEADING THE MORAL CHARGE, CRITIQUE AND DIPLOMATIC PROTEST.

THE MORAL CHARGE, CRITIQUE AND DIPLOMATIC PROTEST.

IF WE DIDN'T MAKE NEW AND CLEAR DIPLOMATIC PROTEST.

IF WE DIDN'T MAKE NEW AND CLEAR DEMAND OF ASSAD, AND IF WE IF WE DIDN'T MAKE NEW AND CLEAR DEMAND OF ASSAD, AND IF WE WEREN'T KEEPING FOCUS THE DEMAND OF ASSAD, AND IF WE WEREN'T KEEPING FOCUS THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY'S EFFORT WEREN'T KEEPING FOCUS THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY'S EFFORT TO ACTUALLY RESPOND TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY'S EFFORT TO ACTUALLY RESPOND TO THE HUMANITARIAN CRISIS ON THE TO ACTUALLY RESPOND TO THE HUMANITARIAN CRISIS ON THE GROUND.

HUMANITARIAN CRISIS ON THE GROUND.

WE OURSELVES CAN AND SHOULD DO A GROUND.

WE OURSELVES CAN AND SHOULD DO A BETTER JOB IF WE'RE INTERESTED WE OURSELVES CAN AND SHOULD DO A BETTER JOB IF WE'RE INTERESTED IN PROTECTING CIVILIANS ON THE BETTER JOB IF WE'RE INTERESTED IN PROTECTING CIVILIANS ON THE HUMANITARIAN SIDE.

IN PROTECTING CIVILIANS ON THE HUMANITARIAN SIDE.

>> WHAT IS THE MORAL DIFFERENCE HUMANITARIAN SIDE.

>> WHAT IS THE MORAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THIS PARTICULAR ATTACK >> WHAT IS THE MORAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THIS PARTICULAR ATTACK AND YOU KNOW, THE HUNDRED BETWEEN THIS PARTICULAR ATTACK AND YOU KNOW, THE HUNDRED THOUSAND PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN AND YOU KNOW, THE HUNDRED THOUSAND PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN KILLED IN SYRIA, MANY OF THEM THOUSAND PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN KILLED IN SYRIA, MANY OF THEM CIVILIANS, LEADING UP TO THIS?

KILLED IN SYRIA, MANY OF THEM CIVILIANS, LEADING UP TO THIS?

YOU KNOW, WHY IS THERE A CIVILIANS, LEADING UP TO THIS?

YOU KNOW, WHY IS THERE A DIFFERENCE, A MORAL DIFFERENCE, YOU KNOW, WHY IS THERE A DIFFERENCE, A MORAL DIFFERENCE, AFTER THIS ATTACK?

DIFFERENCE, A MORAL DIFFERENCE, AFTER THIS ATTACK?

>> WELL, I'M SYMPATHETIC WITH AFTER THIS ATTACK?

>> WELL, I'M SYMPATHETIC WITH THE ARGUMENT THAT THERE, IT'S >> WELL, I'M SYMPATHETIC WITH THE ARGUMENT THAT THERE, IT'S VERY CYNICAL TO THINK THAT THE ARGUMENT THAT THERE, IT'S VERY CYNICAL TO THINK THAT THERE'S A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE VERY CYNICAL TO THINK THAT THERE'S A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO.

THERE'S A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO.

BOTH ARE HORRENDOUS ATROCITIES.

TWO.

BOTH ARE HORRENDOUS ATROCITIES.

THE DIFFERENCE HERE IS THAT BOTH ARE HORRENDOUS ATROCITIES.

THE DIFFERENCE HERE IS THAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT A THE DIFFERENCE HERE IS THAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT A PROHIBITION OF OVER A CENTURY WE'RE TALKING ABOUT A PROHIBITION OF OVER A CENTURY AND EVERY TIME THAT CHEMICAL PROHIBITION OF OVER A CENTURY AND EVERY TIME THAT CHEMICAL WEAPONS HAVE BEEN USED THESE ARE AND EVERY TIME THAT CHEMICAL WEAPONS HAVE BEEN USED THESE ARE VERY SERIOUS, GRAVE PUBLIC WEAPONS HAVE BEEN USED THESE ARE VERY SERIOUS, GRAVE PUBLIC EVILS.

VERY SERIOUS, GRAVE PUBLIC EVILS.

>> AND WHY SHOULD THE U.S. DO EVILS.

>> AND WHY SHOULD THE U.S. DO SOMETHING BY ITSELF?

>> AND WHY SHOULD THE U.S. DO SOMETHING BY ITSELF?

IS THAT SOMETHING MORALLY THAT SOMETHING BY ITSELF?

IS THAT SOMETHING MORALLY THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED?

IS THAT SOMETHING MORALLY THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED?

IS THERE AUTHORITY TO DO THAT?

SHOULD BE CONSIDERED?

IS THERE AUTHORITY TO DO THAT?

>> NO, I THINK IN FACT IF YOU IS THERE AUTHORITY TO DO THAT?

>> NO, I THINK IN FACT IF YOU CAN'T BUILD A COALITION EITHER >> NO, I THINK IN FACT IF YOU CAN'T BUILD A COALITION EITHER AT THE SECURITY COUNCIL OR AMONG CAN'T BUILD A COALITION EITHER AT THE SECURITY COUNCIL OR AMONG A BROAD BASE OF NATIONS, AT THE SECURITY COUNCIL OR AMONG A BROAD BASE OF NATIONS, INCLUDING SUPPORT IN THE REGION A BROAD BASE OF NATIONS, INCLUDING SUPPORT IN THE REGION FROM THE ARAB LEAGUE, THEN, IN INCLUDING SUPPORT IN THE REGION FROM THE ARAB LEAGUE, THEN, IN FACT, YOU LACK THE COMPETENT OR FROM THE ARAB LEAGUE, THEN, IN FACT, YOU LACK THE COMPETENT OR LEGITIMATE AUTHORITY TO TAKE FACT, YOU LACK THE COMPETENT OR LEGITIMATE AUTHORITY TO TAKE ACTION.

LEGITIMATE AUTHORITY TO TAKE ACTION.

THIS WAS NOT A STRIKE AGAINST ACTION.

THIS WAS NOT A STRIKE AGAINST THE UNITED STATES, REMEMBER.

THIS WAS NOT A STRIKE AGAINST THE UNITED STATES, REMEMBER.

HOWEVER GRAVE ITS CONSEQUENCES THE UNITED STATES, REMEMBER.

HOWEVER GRAVE ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE SYRIAN PEOPLE WE ARE NOT HOWEVER GRAVE ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE SYRIAN PEOPLE WE ARE NOT THE SINGLE ENFORCER OF LAW HERE.

FOR THE SYRIAN PEOPLE WE ARE NOT THE SINGLE ENFORCER OF LAW HERE.

>> VERY QUICKLY GEORGE TO SUM THE SINGLE ENFORCER OF LAW HERE.

>> VERY QUICKLY GEORGE TO SUM UP, WHERE DO YOU COME DOWN?

>> VERY QUICKLY GEORGE TO SUM UP, WHERE DO YOU COME DOWN?

IS AN ATTACK RIGHT OR WRONG?

UP, WHERE DO YOU COME DOWN?

IS AN ATTACK RIGHT OR WRONG?

>> AN ATTACK CAN BE MORE CORRECT IS AN ATTACK RIGHT OR WRONG?

>> AN ATTACK CAN BE MORE CORRECT IF IT'S SURGICAL, IF IT'S BACKED >> AN ATTACK CAN BE MORE CORRECT IF IT'S SURGICAL, IF IT'S BACKED BY THE U.N. SECURITY COUNCIL, IF IF IT'S SURGICAL, IF IT'S BACKED BY THE U.N. SECURITY COUNCIL, IF IT'S COMBINED WITH A SET OF BY THE U.N. SECURITY COUNCIL, IF IT'S COMBINED WITH A SET OF OTHER MEASURES THAT ARE IT'S COMBINED WITH A SET OF OTHER MEASURES THAT ARE PROCEEDED TO IT TO TRY TO GET OTHER MEASURES THAT ARE PROCEEDED TO IT TO TRY TO GET ASSAD TO UNDERSTAND THE PROCEEDED TO IT TO TRY TO GET ASSAD TO UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW ASSAD TO UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND MORALITY HE MUST LIVE PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND MORALITY HE MUST LIVE ACCORDING TO.

AND MORALITY HE MUST LIVE ACCORDING TO.

>> GEORGE LOPEZ OF THE KROC ACCORDING TO.

>> GEORGE LOPEZ OF THE KROC INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL >> GEORGE LOPEZ OF THE KROC INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME.

PEACE STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME.

MANY THANKS.

>>> CHURCH BELLS RANG OUT AT THE >>> CHURCH BELLS RANG OUT AT THE NATIONAL CATHEDRAL AND AROUND >>> CHURCH BELLS RANG OUT AT THE NATIONAL CATHEDRAL AND AROUND THE COUNTRY WEDNESDAY TO MARK NATIONAL CATHEDRAL AND AROUND THE COUNTRY WEDNESDAY TO MARK THE MOMENT 50 YEARS AGO WHEN THE COUNTRY WEDNESDAY TO MARK THE MOMENT 50 YEARS AGO WHEN MARTIN LUTHER KING DELIVERED HIS THE MOMENT 50 YEARS AGO WHEN MARTIN LUTHER KING DELIVERED HIS "I HAVE A DREAM" SPEECH.

MARTIN LUTHER KING DELIVERED HIS "I HAVE A DREAM" SPEECH.

AT THE LINCOLN MEMORIAL, SEVERAL "I HAVE A DREAM" SPEECH.

AT THE LINCOLN MEMORIAL, SEVERAL SPEAKERS RECALLED THE ROLE FAITH AT THE LINCOLN MEMORIAL, SEVERAL SPEAKERS RECALLED THE ROLE FAITH PLAYED IN THE MARCH ON SPEAKERS RECALLED THE ROLE FAITH PLAYED IN THE MARCH ON WASHINGTON.

PLAYED IN THE MARCH ON WASHINGTON.

IN HIS REMARKS, PRESIDENT OBAMA WASHINGTON.

IN HIS REMARKS, PRESIDENT OBAMA URGED THE NATION TO DO MORE TO IN HIS REMARKS, PRESIDENT OBAMA URGED THE NATION TO DO MORE TO ACHIEVE THE ECONOMIC EQUALITY URGED THE NATION TO DO MORE TO ACHIEVE THE ECONOMIC EQUALITY THAT WAS PART OF KING'S VISION.

ACHIEVE THE ECONOMIC EQUALITY THAT WAS PART OF KING'S VISION.

>> FOR THE MEN AND WOMEN WHO THAT WAS PART OF KING'S VISION.

>> FOR THE MEN AND WOMEN WHO GATHERED 50 YEARS AGO WERE NOT >> FOR THE MEN AND WOMEN WHO GATHERED 50 YEARS AGO WERE NOT THERE IN SEARCH OF SOME ABSTRACT GATHERED 50 YEARS AGO WERE NOT THERE IN SEARCH OF SOME ABSTRACT IDEAL.

THERE IN SEARCH OF SOME ABSTRACT IDEAL.

THEY WERE THERE SEEKING JOBS AS IDEAL.

THEY WERE THERE SEEKING JOBS AS WELL AS JUSTICE.

THEY WERE THERE SEEKING JOBS AS WELL AS JUSTICE.

TO WIN THAT BATTLE, TO ANSWER WELL AS JUSTICE.

TO WIN THAT BATTLE, TO ANSWER THAT CALL, THIS REMAINS OUR TO WIN THAT BATTLE, TO ANSWER THAT CALL, THIS REMAINS OUR GREAT UNFINISHED BUSINESS.

THAT CALL, THIS REMAINS OUR GREAT UNFINISHED BUSINESS.

>>> THERE WAS RENEWED SECTARIAN GREAT UNFINISHED BUSINESS.

>>> THERE WAS RENEWED SECTARIAN VIOLENCE IN MYANMAR, THE FORMER >>> THERE WAS RENEWED SECTARIAN VIOLENCE IN MYANMAR, THE FORMER BURMA.

VIOLENCE IN MYANMAR, THE FORMER BURMA.

A BUDDHIST MOB DESTROYED SEVERAL BURMA.

A BUDDHIST MOB DESTROYED SEVERAL MUSLIM HOMES AND SHOPS IN THE A BUDDHIST MOB DESTROYED SEVERAL MUSLIM HOMES AND SHOPS IN THE LATEST WAVE OF ATTACKS ON THE MUSLIM HOMES AND SHOPS IN THE LATEST WAVE OF ATTACKS ON THE COUNTRY'S MUSLIM MINORITY.

LATEST WAVE OF ATTACKS ON THE COUNTRY'S MUSLIM MINORITY.

IN THE PAST YEAR, MORE THAN 250 COUNTRY'S MUSLIM MINORITY.

IN THE PAST YEAR, MORE THAN 250 PEOPLE HAVE BEEN KILLED AND IN THE PAST YEAR, MORE THAN 250 PEOPLE HAVE BEEN KILLED AND 140,000 DISPLACED.

PEOPLE HAVE BEEN KILLED AND 140,000 DISPLACED.

THE U.S. COMMISSION ON 140,000 DISPLACED.

THE U.S. COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM THE U.S. COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM CALLED THE SITUATION IN MYANMAR INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM CALLED THE SITUATION IN MYANMAR A "PROFOUND HUMANITARIAN AND CALLED THE SITUATION IN MYANMAR A "PROFOUND HUMANITARIAN AND POLITICAL CRISIS."

A "PROFOUND HUMANITARIAN AND POLITICAL CRISIS."

>>> U.S. MUSLIM GROUPS THIS WEEK POLITICAL CRISIS."

>>> U.S. MUSLIM GROUPS THIS WEEK ACCUSED THE NEW YORK POLICE >>> U.S. MUSLIM GROUPS THIS WEEK ACCUSED THE NEW YORK POLICE DEPARTMENT OF VIOLATING THE ACCUSED THE NEW YORK POLICE DEPARTMENT OF VIOLATING THE CIVIL RIGHTS OF MUSLIMS, AFTER DEPARTMENT OF VIOLATING THE CIVIL RIGHTS OF MUSLIMS, AFTER THE ASSOCIATED PRESS REPORTED CIVIL RIGHTS OF MUSLIMS, AFTER THE ASSOCIATED PRESS REPORTED THE DEPARTMENT DESIGNATED A THE ASSOCIATED PRESS REPORTED THE DEPARTMENT DESIGNATED A NUMBER OF MOSQUES AS TERRORIST THE DEPARTMENT DESIGNATED A NUMBER OF MOSQUES AS TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS.

NUMBER OF MOSQUES AS TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS.

THAT ALLOWED POLICE TO SPY ORGANIZATIONS.

THAT ALLOWED POLICE TO SPY EXTENSIVELY ON MOSQUE ATTENDEES THAT ALLOWED POLICE TO SPY EXTENSIVELY ON MOSQUE ATTENDEES WITHOUT EVIDENCE OF WRONGDOING.

EXTENSIVELY ON MOSQUE ATTENDEES WITHOUT EVIDENCE OF WRONGDOING.

THIS IS THE LATEST IN A SERIES WITHOUT EVIDENCE OF WRONGDOING.

THIS IS THE LATEST IN A SERIES OF AP REPORTS ABOUT THE NYPD'S THIS IS THE LATEST IN A SERIES OF AP REPORTS ABOUT THE NYPD'S WIDESPREAD SURVEILLANCE OF THE OF AP REPORTS ABOUT THE NYPD'S WIDESPREAD SURVEILLANCE OF THE CITY'S MUSLIM POPULATION.

WIDESPREAD SURVEILLANCE OF THE CITY'S MUSLIM POPULATION.

THE AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES CITY'S MUSLIM POPULATION.

THE AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION IS SUING THE DEPARTMENT.

THE AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION IS SUING THE DEPARTMENT.

>>> THIS WEEK OF CELEBRATION OF UNION IS SUING THE DEPARTMENT.

>>> THIS WEEK OF CELEBRATION OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT AND >>> THIS WEEK OF CELEBRATION OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT AND MARTIN LUTHER KING'S "I HAVE A THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT AND MARTIN LUTHER KING'S "I HAVE A DREAM" SPEECH, 50 YEARS AGO, WE MARTIN LUTHER KING'S "I HAVE A DREAM" SPEECH, 50 YEARS AGO, WE HAVE A STORY ABOUT ANOTHER DREAM" SPEECH, 50 YEARS AGO, WE HAVE A STORY ABOUT ANOTHER OUTSPOKEN RELIGIOUS ADVOCATE, HAVE A STORY ABOUT ANOTHER OUTSPOKEN RELIGIOUS ADVOCATE, JOAN CHITTISTER, A BENEDICTINE OUTSPOKEN RELIGIOUS ADVOCATE, JOAN CHITTISTER, A BENEDICTINE NUN WHO HAS LONG WORKED FOR JOAN CHITTISTER, A BENEDICTINE NUN WHO HAS LONG WORKED FOR CHANGE IN THE NATION AND WITHIN NUN WHO HAS LONG WORKED FOR CHANGE IN THE NATION AND WITHIN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

CHANGE IN THE NATION AND WITHIN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

JUDY VALENTE VISITED HER IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

JUDY VALENTE VISITED HER IN ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

JUDY VALENTE VISITED HER IN ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

♪ IF I AWAKEN TO THE MORNING ♪ IF I AWAKEN TO THE MORNING SUN♪ ♪ IF I AWAKEN TO THE MORNING SUN♪ I AM GRATEFUL♪ SUN♪ I AM GRATEFUL♪ >>> THIS IS A KEY PART OF SISTER I AM GRATEFUL♪ >>> THIS IS A KEY PART OF SISTER JOAN CHITTISTER'S LIFE, PRAYING >>> THIS IS A KEY PART OF SISTER JOAN CHITTISTER'S LIFE, PRAYING THE PSALMS DAILY WITH OTHERS IN JOAN CHITTISTER'S LIFE, PRAYING THE PSALMS DAILY WITH OTHERS IN HER BENEDICTINE MONASTIC THE PSALMS DAILY WITH OTHERS IN HER BENEDICTINE MONASTIC COMMUNITY.

HER BENEDICTINE MONASTIC COMMUNITY.

AND THIS, TOO, IS HER LIFE.

COMMUNITY.

AND THIS, TOO, IS HER LIFE.

WRITING.

AND THIS, TOO, IS HER LIFE.

WRITING.

SHE HAS WRITTEN MORE THAN WRITING.

SHE HAS WRITTEN MORE THAN 40 BOOKS ON THE SPIRITUAL LIFE SHE HAS WRITTEN MORE THAN 40 BOOKS ON THE SPIRITUAL LIFE THAT TOGETHER HAVE SOLD OVER A 40 BOOKS ON THE SPIRITUAL LIFE THAT TOGETHER HAVE SOLD OVER A MILLION COPIES.

THAT TOGETHER HAVE SOLD OVER A MILLION COPIES.

HER OFTEN PROVOCATIVE MILLION COPIES.

HER OFTEN PROVOCATIVE STATEMENTS, SHE HAS CALLED THE HER OFTEN PROVOCATIVE STATEMENTS, SHE HAS CALLED THE CATHOLIC CHURCH "ONE OF THE LAST STATEMENTS, SHE HAS CALLED THE CATHOLIC CHURCH "ONE OF THE LAST BASTIONS OF SEXISM" AND CATHOLIC CHURCH "ONE OF THE LAST BASTIONS OF SEXISM" AND CHARACTERIZED ITS POSITION ON BASTIONS OF SEXISM" AND CHARACTERIZED ITS POSITION ON ABORTION AS "MORE PRO-BIRTH THAN CHARACTERIZED ITS POSITION ON ABORTION AS "MORE PRO-BIRTH THAN PRO-LIFE" HAVE MADE HER A ABORTION AS "MORE PRO-BIRTH THAN PRO-LIFE" HAVE MADE HER A HEROINE TO SOME, A REBEL TO PRO-LIFE" HAVE MADE HER A HEROINE TO SOME, A REBEL TO OTHERS.

HEROINE TO SOME, A REBEL TO OTHERS.

SHE IS ALSO A FAMILIAR FACE AT OTHERS.

SHE IS ALSO A FAMILIAR FACE AT PUBLIC PROTESTS, SPEAKING OUT SHE IS ALSO A FAMILIAR FACE AT PUBLIC PROTESTS, SPEAKING OUT AGAINST NUCLEAR ARMS, WAR AND PUBLIC PROTESTS, SPEAKING OUT AGAINST NUCLEAR ARMS, WAR AND POVERTY.

AGAINST NUCLEAR ARMS, WAR AND POVERTY.

>> I HAVE A DISEASE CALLED POVERTY.

>> I HAVE A DISEASE CALLED JUSTICE.

>> I HAVE A DISEASE CALLED JUSTICE.

I CAN SPOT INJUSTICE AT A GREAT JUSTICE.

I CAN SPOT INJUSTICE AT A GREAT DISTANCE AND FEEL COMPELLED TO I CAN SPOT INJUSTICE AT A GREAT DISTANCE AND FEEL COMPELLED TO CONFRONT IT.

DISTANCE AND FEEL COMPELLED TO CONFRONT IT.

>> SHE HAS LONG ADVOCATED FOR CONFRONT IT.

>> SHE HAS LONG ADVOCATED FOR CATHOLIC WOMEN'S ORDINATION AND >> SHE HAS LONG ADVOCATED FOR CATHOLIC WOMEN'S ORDINATION AND A GREATER VOICE FOR LAY PEOPLE.

CATHOLIC WOMEN'S ORDINATION AND A GREATER VOICE FOR LAY PEOPLE.

AND SHE HAS RANKLED HER CHURCH'S A GREATER VOICE FOR LAY PEOPLE.

AND SHE HAS RANKLED HER CHURCH'S HIERARCHY ON A HOST OF OTHER AND SHE HAS RANKLED HER CHURCH'S HIERARCHY ON A HOST OF OTHER ISSUES.

HIERARCHY ON A HOST OF OTHER ISSUES.

SCRUTINY OF WOMEN RELGIOUS?

ISSUES.

SCRUTINY OF WOMEN RELGIOUS?

>> TERRIBLE, UNACCEPTABLE, SCRUTINY OF WOMEN RELGIOUS?

>> TERRIBLE, UNACCEPTABLE, DIVISIVE AND UNNECESSARY.

>> TERRIBLE, UNACCEPTABLE, DIVISIVE AND UNNECESSARY.

>> ONGOING REVELATIONS OF SEXUAL DIVISIVE AND UNNECESSARY.

>> ONGOING REVELATIONS OF SEXUAL ABUSE AND THE COVERUP BY >> ONGOING REVELATIONS OF SEXUAL ABUSE AND THE COVERUP BY HIERARCHY?

ABUSE AND THE COVERUP BY HIERARCHY?

>> AN INFECTION IN THE BODY OF HIERARCHY?

>> AN INFECTION IN THE BODY OF THE CHURCH.

>> AN INFECTION IN THE BODY OF THE CHURCH.

>> THE SHORTAGE OF PRIESTS?

THE CHURCH.

>> THE SHORTAGE OF PRIESTS?

>> WE DON'T HAVE A SHORTAGE OF >> THE SHORTAGE OF PRIESTS?

>> WE DON'T HAVE A SHORTAGE OF PRIESTS.

>> WE DON'T HAVE A SHORTAGE OF PRIESTS.

WE HAVE A SHORTAGE OF CELIBATE PRIESTS.

WE HAVE A SHORTAGE OF CELIBATE MALES.

WE HAVE A SHORTAGE OF CELIBATE MALES.

>> GAY MARRIAGE?

MALES.

>> GAY MARRIAGE?

>> OBVIOUSLY A SOCIAL ISSUE THAT >> GAY MARRIAGE?

>> OBVIOUSLY A SOCIAL ISSUE THAT NEEDS, NEEDED TO BE ADDRESSED.

>> OBVIOUSLY A SOCIAL ISSUE THAT NEEDS, NEEDED TO BE ADDRESSED.

>> SHE SAYS THAT SOCIETY IS NEEDS, NEEDED TO BE ADDRESSED.

>> SHE SAYS THAT SOCIETY IS RAPIDLY CHANGING, AND THAT ALL >> SHE SAYS THAT SOCIETY IS RAPIDLY CHANGING, AND THAT ALL CHURCHES NEED TO ADDRESS THOSE RAPIDLY CHANGING, AND THAT ALL CHURCHES NEED TO ADDRESS THOSE CHANGES.

CHURCHES NEED TO ADDRESS THOSE CHANGES.

>> TO BE REACTIONARY AT A TIME CHANGES.

>> TO BE REACTIONARY AT A TIME LIKE THIS IS TO STAND IN FRONT >> TO BE REACTIONARY AT A TIME LIKE THIS IS TO STAND IN FRONT OF A TSUNAMI AND SAY YOU CAN LIKE THIS IS TO STAND IN FRONT OF A TSUNAMI AND SAY YOU CAN SWIM.

OF A TSUNAMI AND SAY YOU CAN SWIM.

WE'RE CHANGING.

SWIM.

WE'RE CHANGING.

OUR GOAL IS TO CHANGE FOR THE WE'RE CHANGING.

OUR GOAL IS TO CHANGE FOR THE BETTER.

OUR GOAL IS TO CHANGE FOR THE BETTER.

THE CHURCH HAS TO MODEL THAT BETTER.

THE CHURCH HAS TO MODEL THAT CHANGING FOR THE BETTER, NOT THE CHURCH HAS TO MODEL THAT CHANGING FOR THE BETTER, NOT CLINGING TO THE PAST, BUT CHANGING FOR THE BETTER, NOT CLINGING TO THE PAST, BUT REFORMING THE FUTURE.

CLINGING TO THE PAST, BUT REFORMING THE FUTURE.

IT IS POSSIBLE.

REFORMING THE FUTURE.

IT IS POSSIBLE.

IT'S BEEN DONE MULTIPLE TIMES IN IT IS POSSIBLE.

IT'S BEEN DONE MULTIPLE TIMES IN HUMAN HISTORY, AND WE HAVE TO IT'S BEEN DONE MULTIPLE TIMES IN HUMAN HISTORY, AND WE HAVE TO STOP RESISTING IT NOW.

HUMAN HISTORY, AND WE HAVE TO STOP RESISTING IT NOW.

>> FOR THE PAST 61 YEARS, SISTER STOP RESISTING IT NOW.

>> FOR THE PAST 61 YEARS, SISTER JOAN HAS BEEN A MEMBER OF MOUNT >> FOR THE PAST 61 YEARS, SISTER JOAN HAS BEEN A MEMBER OF MOUNT ST. BENEDICT MONASTERY IN ERIE, JOAN HAS BEEN A MEMBER OF MOUNT ST. BENEDICT MONASTERY IN ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

ST. BENEDICT MONASTERY IN ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

SHE WAS EDUCATED BY THE ERIE PENNSYLVANIA.

SHE WAS EDUCATED BY THE ERIE BENEDICTINES AND ENTERED THE SHE WAS EDUCATED BY THE ERIE BENEDICTINES AND ENTERED THE MONASTERY HERE AT AGE 16.

BENEDICTINES AND ENTERED THE MONASTERY HERE AT AGE 16.

>> ON MY TENTH DAY OF HIGH MONASTERY HERE AT AGE 16.

>> ON MY TENTH DAY OF HIGH SCHOOL, I SAID, "MOM, THERE'S >> ON MY TENTH DAY OF HIGH SCHOOL, I SAID, "MOM, THERE'S SOMETHING I WANT TO TELL YOU."

SCHOOL, I SAID, "MOM, THERE'S SOMETHING I WANT TO TELL YOU."

AND SHE SAID, "WHAT'S THAT, SOMETHING I WANT TO TELL YOU."

AND SHE SAID, "WHAT'S THAT, HONEY?"

AND SHE SAID, "WHAT'S THAT, HONEY?"

AND I SAID, "I'VE DECIDED I'M HONEY?"

AND I SAID, "I'VE DECIDED I'M GOING TO BE A BENEDICTINE."

AND I SAID, "I'VE DECIDED I'M GOING TO BE A BENEDICTINE."

SHE SAID, "YOU'RE GONNA DO GOING TO BE A BENEDICTINE."

SHE SAID, "YOU'RE GONNA DO WHAT?!"

SHE SAID, "YOU'RE GONNA DO WHAT?!"

>> A TEENAGE BATTLE WITH POLIO WHAT?!"

>> A TEENAGE BATTLE WITH POLIO NEARLY DERAILED HER DREAM OF >> A TEENAGE BATTLE WITH POLIO NEARLY DERAILED HER DREAM OF BECOMING A NUN.

NEARLY DERAILED HER DREAM OF BECOMING A NUN.

>> THOSE WERE THE DAYS WHEN, IF BECOMING A NUN.

>> THOSE WERE THE DAYS WHEN, IF YOU WERE ILL, THEY DIDN'T TAKE >> THOSE WERE THE DAYS WHEN, IF YOU WERE ILL, THEY DIDN'T TAKE YOU.

YOU WERE ILL, THEY DIDN'T TAKE YOU.

SO IT TOOK PROBABLY MORE NERVE YOU.

SO IT TOOK PROBABLY MORE NERVE ON THEIR PART THAN ON MINE, BUT SO IT TOOK PROBABLY MORE NERVE ON THEIR PART THAN ON MINE, BUT IT SEEMS TO ME WHAT HAS COME ON THEIR PART THAN ON MINE, BUT IT SEEMS TO ME WHAT HAS COME DOWN TO ME OVER THE YEARS IS, IT SEEMS TO ME WHAT HAS COME DOWN TO ME OVER THE YEARS IS, THEY WERE SIMPLY STRUCK BY THE DOWN TO ME OVER THE YEARS IS, THEY WERE SIMPLY STRUCK BY THE DEGREE OF COMMITMENT, AND THEY THEY WERE SIMPLY STRUCK BY THE DEGREE OF COMMITMENT, AND THEY COULDN'T BRING THEMSELVES TO DEGREE OF COMMITMENT, AND THEY COULDN'T BRING THEMSELVES TO SEND ME HOME.

COULDN'T BRING THEMSELVES TO SEND ME HOME.

>> OVER THE YEARS, SHE HAS SEND ME HOME.

>> OVER THE YEARS, SHE HAS BECOME A SPOKESWOMAN FOR >> OVER THE YEARS, SHE HAS BECOME A SPOKESWOMAN FOR INTERFAITH RELATIONS AND HAS BECOME A SPOKESWOMAN FOR INTERFAITH RELATIONS AND HAS TRAVELED THE WORLD ON INTERFAITH RELATIONS AND HAS TRAVELED THE WORLD ON PEACE-MAKING MISSIONS.

TRAVELED THE WORLD ON PEACE-MAKING MISSIONS.

SISTER JOAN IS PERHAPS BEST PEACE-MAKING MISSIONS.

SISTER JOAN IS PERHAPS BEST KNOWN FOR INTRODUCING 21st SISTER JOAN IS PERHAPS BEST KNOWN FOR INTRODUCING 21st CENTURY READERS TO THE 6th KNOWN FOR INTRODUCING 21st CENTURY READERS TO THE 6th CENTURY "RULE OF ST. BENEDICT," CENTURY READERS TO THE 6th CENTURY "RULE OF ST. BENEDICT," A SPIRITUAL GUIDE SHE SAYS IS AS CENTURY "RULE OF ST. BENEDICT," A SPIRITUAL GUIDE SHE SAYS IS AS RELEVANT TODAY AS WHEN IT WAS A SPIRITUAL GUIDE SHE SAYS IS AS RELEVANT TODAY AS WHEN IT WAS WRITTEN.

RELEVANT TODAY AS WHEN IT WAS WRITTEN.

ST. BENEDICT ADVOCATED A LIFE OF WRITTEN.

ST. BENEDICT ADVOCATED A LIFE OF PRAYER AND WORK, AND STRESSED ST. BENEDICT ADVOCATED A LIFE OF PRAYER AND WORK, AND STRESSED THE IMPORTANCE OF HOSPITALITY, PRAYER AND WORK, AND STRESSED THE IMPORTANCE OF HOSPITALITY, HUMILITY AND COMMUNITY.

THE IMPORTANCE OF HOSPITALITY, HUMILITY AND COMMUNITY.

HE WROTE WHEN THE ROMAN EMPIRE HUMILITY AND COMMUNITY.

HE WROTE WHEN THE ROMAN EMPIRE WAS IN ECONOMIC DECLINE AND HE WROTE WHEN THE ROMAN EMPIRE WAS IN ECONOMIC DECLINE AND UNDER THREAT FROM OUTSIDE WAS IN ECONOMIC DECLINE AND UNDER THREAT FROM OUTSIDE FORCES.

UNDER THREAT FROM OUTSIDE FORCES.

A TIME THE BENEDICTENINE FORCES.

A TIME THE BENEDICTENINE SISTERS SAY, NOT UNLIKE OUR OWN.

A TIME THE BENEDICTENINE SISTERS SAY, NOT UNLIKE OUR OWN.

>> BENEDICT WAS TRYING TO IN HIS SISTERS SAY, NOT UNLIKE OUR OWN.

>> BENEDICT WAS TRYING TO IN HIS DAY SHOW PEOPLE THAT THERE WAS >> BENEDICT WAS TRYING TO IN HIS DAY SHOW PEOPLE THAT THERE WAS ANOTHER WAY TO GO ABOUT LIFE.

DAY SHOW PEOPLE THAT THERE WAS ANOTHER WAY TO GO ABOUT LIFE.

MODERATION IN ALL THINGS, ANOTHER WAY TO GO ABOUT LIFE.

MODERATION IN ALL THINGS, BALANCE IN ALL THINGS, CERTAINLY MODERATION IN ALL THINGS, BALANCE IN ALL THINGS, CERTAINLY GOD AT THE CENTER OF ALL.

BALANCE IN ALL THINGS, CERTAINLY GOD AT THE CENTER OF ALL.

WE HAVE BEEN TRYING TO MAKE GOD AT THE CENTER OF ALL.

WE HAVE BEEN TRYING TO MAKE PEOPLE AWARE THAT BENEDICTINE WE HAVE BEEN TRYING TO MAKE PEOPLE AWARE THAT BENEDICTINE SPIRITUALITY IS FOR ALL PEOPLE, PEOPLE AWARE THAT BENEDICTINE SPIRITUALITY IS FOR ALL PEOPLE, NOT JUST FOR RELIGIOUS WOMEN AND SPIRITUALITY IS FOR ALL PEOPLE, NOT JUST FOR RELIGIOUS WOMEN AND MEN, AND IT HAS BEEN FROM THE NOT JUST FOR RELIGIOUS WOMEN AND MEN, AND IT HAS BEEN FROM THE BEGINNING.

MEN, AND IT HAS BEEN FROM THE BEGINNING.

I THINK JOAN DOES THAT VERY BEGINNING.

I THINK JOAN DOES THAT VERY WELL.

I THINK JOAN DOES THAT VERY WELL.

>> SISTER JOAN DOESN'T LIVE IN WELL.

>> SISTER JOAN DOESN'T LIVE IN THE MONASTERY ITSELF, WHICH IS >> SISTER JOAN DOESN'T LIVE IN THE MONASTERY ITSELF, WHICH IS SEVEN MILES FROM ERIE'S THE MONASTERY ITSELF, WHICH IS SEVEN MILES FROM ERIE'S DOWNTOWN, BUT IN THE INNER CITY SEVEN MILES FROM ERIE'S DOWNTOWN, BUT IN THE INNER CITY AMID DRUG HOUSES AND ABANDONED DOWNTOWN, BUT IN THE INNER CITY AMID DRUG HOUSES AND ABANDONED BUILDINGS.

AMID DRUG HOUSES AND ABANDONED BUILDINGS.

HER ROOMMATES ARE OTHER BUILDINGS.

HER ROOMMATES ARE OTHER BENEDICTINE SISTERS AND HER HER ROOMMATES ARE OTHER BENEDICTINE SISTERS AND HER BELOVED PARAKEET, LADY BENEDICTINE SISTERS AND HER BELOVED PARAKEET, LADY HILDEGARD.

BELOVED PARAKEET, LADY HILDEGARD.

>> YES, OKAY, SWEETHEART.

HILDEGARD.

>> YES, OKAY, SWEETHEART.

>> NAMED FOR A >> YES, OKAY, SWEETHEART.

>> NAMED FOR A REFORM-MINDED BENEDICTINE ABBESS >> NAMED FOR A REFORM-MINDED BENEDICTINE ABBESS DENOUNCED IN HER OWN TIME, BUT REFORM-MINDED BENEDICTINE ABBESS DENOUNCED IN HER OWN TIME, BUT LATER NAMED A SAINT.

DENOUNCED IN HER OWN TIME, BUT LATER NAMED A SAINT.

>> BENEDICTINES TAKE TO THIS DAY LATER NAMED A SAINT.

>> BENEDICTINES TAKE TO THIS DAY A VOW OF STABILITY.

>> BENEDICTINES TAKE TO THIS DAY A VOW OF STABILITY.

WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?

A VOW OF STABILITY.

WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?

IT MEANS WE'RE IN ERIE FOR LIFE.

WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?

IT MEANS WE'RE IN ERIE FOR LIFE.

WE GO DOWN WITH THIS CITY, OR WE IT MEANS WE'RE IN ERIE FOR LIFE.

WE GO DOWN WITH THIS CITY, OR WE BUILD IT UP.

WE GO DOWN WITH THIS CITY, OR WE BUILD IT UP.

>> ONCE A THRIVING MANUFACTURING BUILD IT UP.

>> ONCE A THRIVING MANUFACTURING CITY, ERIE HAS FOR DECADES BEEN >> ONCE A THRIVING MANUFACTURING CITY, ERIE HAS FOR DECADES BEEN BATTLING AN ECONOMIC DECLINE AND CITY, ERIE HAS FOR DECADES BEEN BATTLING AN ECONOMIC DECLINE AND IS TODAY ONE OF THE POOREST BATTLING AN ECONOMIC DECLINE AND IS TODAY ONE OF THE POOREST CITIES IN PENNSYLVANIA.

IS TODAY ONE OF THE POOREST CITIES IN PENNSYLVANIA.

THE BENEDICTINES SPONSOR A CITIES IN PENNSYLVANIA.

THE BENEDICTINES SPONSOR A VARIETY OF INNER-CITY THE BENEDICTINES SPONSOR A VARIETY OF INNER-CITY MINISTRIES.

VARIETY OF INNER-CITY MINISTRIES.

THIS IS AN OLD TIRE FACTORY THE MINISTRIES.

THIS IS AN OLD TIRE FACTORY THE SISTERS TRANSFORMED INTO THE ART THIS IS AN OLD TIRE FACTORY THE SISTERS TRANSFORMED INTO THE ART HOUSE, A PLACE WHERE CHILDREN SISTERS TRANSFORMED INTO THE ART HOUSE, A PLACE WHERE CHILDREN LEARN TO PLAY INSTRUMENTS, HOUSE, A PLACE WHERE CHILDREN LEARN TO PLAY INSTRUMENTS, DANCE, WRITE POETRY AND PAINT.

LEARN TO PLAY INSTRUMENTS, DANCE, WRITE POETRY AND PAINT.

THERE IS ALSO THE EMMAUS SOUP DANCE, WRITE POETRY AND PAINT.

THERE IS ALSO THE EMMAUS SOUP KITCHEN THAT FEEDS MORE THAN THERE IS ALSO THE EMMAUS SOUP KITCHEN THAT FEEDS MORE THAN 200 PEOPLE A DAY AND A REFUGEE KITCHEN THAT FEEDS MORE THAN 200 PEOPLE A DAY AND A REFUGEE CENTER, HOUSED IN WHAT WAS ONCE 200 PEOPLE A DAY AND A REFUGEE CENTER, HOUSED IN WHAT WAS ONCE A BENEDICTINE ACADEMY FOR GIRLS.

CENTER, HOUSED IN WHAT WAS ONCE A BENEDICTINE ACADEMY FOR GIRLS.

>> GRACIOUS GOD OF THE COSMOS WE A BENEDICTINE ACADEMY FOR GIRLS.

>> GRACIOUS GOD OF THE COSMOS WE ASK YOUR BLESSING ON ALL WHO >> GRACIOUS GOD OF THE COSMOS WE ASK YOUR BLESSING ON ALL WHO WORK HERE.

ASK YOUR BLESSING ON ALL WHO WORK HERE.

>> ON THIS DAY, THE SISTERS WORK HERE.

>> ON THIS DAY, THE SISTERS GATHER TO BLESS THEIR MOST >> ON THIS DAY, THE SISTERS GATHER TO BLESS THEIR MOST RECENT EFFORT, THE GROVE, AN GATHER TO BLESS THEIR MOST RECENT EFFORT, THE GROVE, AN URBAN FARM WITH 65 RAISED BEDS RECENT EFFORT, THE GROVE, AN URBAN FARM WITH 65 RAISED BEDS THAT WILL PROVIDE FRESH PRODUCE URBAN FARM WITH 65 RAISED BEDS THAT WILL PROVIDE FRESH PRODUCE FOR THE POOR, AND SERVE AS AN THAT WILL PROVIDE FRESH PRODUCE FOR THE POOR, AND SERVE AS AN OUTDOOR CLASSROOM FOR TEACHING FOR THE POOR, AND SERVE AS AN OUTDOOR CLASSROOM FOR TEACHING GARDENING TECHNIQUES.

OUTDOOR CLASSROOM FOR TEACHING GARDENING TECHNIQUES.

>> YOU CANNOT WALK ANYWHERE IN GARDENING TECHNIQUES.

>> YOU CANNOT WALK ANYWHERE IN OUR COMMUNITY AND NOT SEE THE >> YOU CANNOT WALK ANYWHERE IN OUR COMMUNITY AND NOT SEE THE FOOTPRINT OF THE BENEDICTINE OUR COMMUNITY AND NOT SEE THE FOOTPRINT OF THE BENEDICTINE SISTERS, EVERYWHERE YOU GO.

FOOTPRINT OF THE BENEDICTINE SISTERS, EVERYWHERE YOU GO.

>> ONE OF SISTER JOAN'S NEWEST SISTERS, EVERYWHERE YOU GO.

>> ONE OF SISTER JOAN'S NEWEST AND MOST CHERISHED PROJECTS IS >> ONE OF SISTER JOAN'S NEWEST AND MOST CHERISHED PROJECTS IS THE VIRTUAL MONASTERY SHE AND AND MOST CHERISHED PROJECTS IS THE VIRTUAL MONASTERY SHE AND THE OTHER SISTERS HAVE CREATED THE VIRTUAL MONASTERY SHE AND THE OTHER SISTERS HAVE CREATED FOR THE INTERNET.

THE OTHER SISTERS HAVE CREATED FOR THE INTERNET.

SHE CALLS THE WEBSITE "THE FOR THE INTERNET.

SHE CALLS THE WEBSITE "THE MONASTERY OF THE HEART."

SHE CALLS THE WEBSITE "THE MONASTERY OF THE HEART."

>> WE NOW HAVE OVER 7,400 MONASTERY OF THE HEART."

>> WE NOW HAVE OVER 7,400 MEMBERS FROM ALL AROUND THE >> WE NOW HAVE OVER 7,400 MEMBERS FROM ALL AROUND THE GLOBE.

MEMBERS FROM ALL AROUND THE GLOBE.

PEOPLE WHO COME INTO THE SITE TO GLOBE.

PEOPLE WHO COME INTO THE SITE TO PRAY IN THE MORNING.

PEOPLE WHO COME INTO THE SITE TO PRAY IN THE MORNING.

WE HAVE A PRAY IN THE MORNING.

WE HAVE A PRAYER SITE, TO PRAY IN THE WE HAVE A PRAYER SITE, TO PRAY IN THE EVENING, TO JOIN DISCUSSIONS, TO PRAYER SITE, TO PRAY IN THE EVENING, TO JOIN DISCUSSIONS, TO READ THE BASIC BOOKS AND TALK EVENING, TO JOIN DISCUSSIONS, TO READ THE BASIC BOOKS AND TALK ABOUT THEM.

READ THE BASIC BOOKS AND TALK ABOUT THEM.

THEY'RE FORMING THEIR OWN SMALL ABOUT THEM.

THEY'RE FORMING THEIR OWN SMALL COMMUNITIES, MANY OF THEM.

THEY'RE FORMING THEIR OWN SMALL COMMUNITIES, MANY OF THEM.

WE HAVE I THINK ABOUT 40 SMALL COMMUNITIES, MANY OF THEM.

WE HAVE I THINK ABOUT 40 SMALL COMMUNITIES NOW.

WE HAVE I THINK ABOUT 40 SMALL COMMUNITIES NOW.

>> NOTING HOW BENEDICTINES HAVE COMMUNITIES NOW.

>> NOTING HOW BENEDICTINES HAVE OFTEN ADAPTED TO CHANGING TIMES >> NOTING HOW BENEDICTINES HAVE OFTEN ADAPTED TO CHANGING TIMES IN THEIR 1,500-YEAR HISTORY, OFTEN ADAPTED TO CHANGING TIMES IN THEIR 1,500-YEAR HISTORY, SISTER JOAN SAYS OF HER IN THEIR 1,500-YEAR HISTORY, SISTER JOAN SAYS OF HER "MON STARE OF THE HEART" SISTER JOAN SAYS OF HER "MON STARE OF THE HEART" WEBSITE -- "MON STARE OF THE HEART" WEBSITE -- >> IF BENEDICT OF NURSIA HAD WEBSITE -- >> IF BENEDICT OF NURSIA HAD BEEN HERE, NOT ONLY DO I THINK >> IF BENEDICT OF NURSIA HAD BEEN HERE, NOT ONLY DO I THINK HE'D BE A MEMBER, I THINK HE BEEN HERE, NOT ONLY DO I THINK HE'D BE A MEMBER, I THINK HE WOULD HAVE STARTED IT.

HE'D BE A MEMBER, I THINK HE WOULD HAVE STARTED IT.

>> IT IS THAT KIND OF VISIONARY WOULD HAVE STARTED IT.

>> IT IS THAT KIND OF VISIONARY LEADERSHIP, SHE SAYS, THAT THE >> IT IS THAT KIND OF VISIONARY LEADERSHIP, SHE SAYS, THAT THE CHURCH ITSELF NEEDS TO SURVIVE LEADERSHIP, SHE SAYS, THAT THE CHURCH ITSELF NEEDS TO SURVIVE IN THE 21st CENTURY.

CHURCH ITSELF NEEDS TO SURVIVE IN THE 21st CENTURY.

>> WHY DO YOU STAY IN THE IN THE 21st CENTURY.

>> WHY DO YOU STAY IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH?

>> WHY DO YOU STAY IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH?

>> ROMAN CATHOLICISM IS THE CATHOLIC CHURCH?

>> ROMAN CATHOLICISM IS THE STOREHOUSE, THE TREASURE HOUSE >> ROMAN CATHOLICISM IS THE STOREHOUSE, THE TREASURE HOUSE OF THE CHRISTIAN TRADITION.

STOREHOUSE, THE TREASURE HOUSE OF THE CHRISTIAN TRADITION.

IT'S THIS WHOLE NOTION OF THE OF THE CHRISTIAN TRADITION.

IT'S THIS WHOLE NOTION OF THE BLEND OF WISDOM, OF COMMITMENT, IT'S THIS WHOLE NOTION OF THE BLEND OF WISDOM, OF COMMITMENT, OF KNOWLEDGE, OF HOLINESS.

BLEND OF WISDOM, OF COMMITMENT, OF KNOWLEDGE, OF HOLINESS.

THAT'S THE CHURCH FOR ME.

OF KNOWLEDGE, OF HOLINESS.

THAT'S THE CHURCH FOR ME.

THAT'S THE CHURCH I'M WAITING THAT'S THE CHURCH FOR ME.

THAT'S THE CHURCH I'M WAITING FOR.

THAT'S THE CHURCH I'M WAITING FOR.

>> IN THE MEANTIME, SHE VOWS TO FOR.

>> IN THE MEANTIME, SHE VOWS TO CONTINUE WRITING, PRESSING FOR >> IN THE MEANTIME, SHE VOWS TO CONTINUE WRITING, PRESSING FOR CHANGE, AND SPEAKING OUT AGAINST CONTINUE WRITING, PRESSING FOR CHANGE, AND SPEAKING OUT AGAINST INJUSTICE.

CHANGE, AND SPEAKING OUT AGAINST INJUSTICE.

FOR "RELIGION & ETHICS" INJUSTICE.

FOR "RELIGION & ETHICS" NEWSWEEKLY, I'M JUDY VALENTE IN FOR "RELIGION & ETHICS" NEWSWEEKLY, I'M JUDY VALENTE IN ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

NEWSWEEKLY, I'M JUDY VALENTE IN ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

>>> FROM TIME TO TIME HERE WE ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

>>> FROM TIME TO TIME HERE WE LOOK AT THE BELIEFS AND >>> FROM TIME TO TIME HERE WE LOOK AT THE BELIEFS AND PRACTICES OF PEOPLE WHOSE LOOK AT THE BELIEFS AND PRACTICES OF PEOPLE WHOSE RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS ARE WELL PRACTICES OF PEOPLE WHOSE RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS ARE WELL OUTSIDE THE US MAINSTREAM.

RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS ARE WELL OUTSIDE THE US MAINSTREAM.

TODAY, THE JAINS OF INDIA.

OUTSIDE THE US MAINSTREAM.

TODAY, THE JAINS OF INDIA.

THEIR NUMBERS HAVE DECLINED OVER TODAY, THE JAINS OF INDIA.

THEIR NUMBERS HAVE DECLINED OVER THE CENTURIES, BUT AS FRED DE THEIR NUMBERS HAVE DECLINED OVER THE CENTURIES, BUT AS FRED DE SAM LAZARO REPORTS THEIR THE CENTURIES, BUT AS FRED DE SAM LAZARO REPORTS THEIR LIFESTYLE REMAINS INFLUENTIAL -- SAM LAZARO REPORTS THEIR LIFESTYLE REMAINS INFLUENTIAL -- ABSOLUTE NON-VIOLENCE AND LIFESTYLE REMAINS INFLUENTIAL -- ABSOLUTE NON-VIOLENCE AND HONESTY, A BARE MINIMUM OF ABSOLUTE NON-VIOLENCE AND HONESTY, A BARE MINIMUM OF POSSESSIONS AND TOTAL HONESTY, A BARE MINIMUM OF POSSESSIONS AND TOTAL VEGETARIANISM.

POSSESSIONS AND TOTAL VEGETARIANISM.

>> JAINS HAVE OFTEN BEEN VEGETARIANISM.

>> JAINS HAVE OFTEN BEEN CONFUSED WITH AND EVEN COUNTED >> JAINS HAVE OFTEN BEEN CONFUSED WITH AND EVEN COUNTED IN CENSUS SURVEYS AS HINDUS.

CONFUSED WITH AND EVEN COUNTED IN CENSUS SURVEYS AS HINDUS.

WHILE THERE ARE FUNDAMENTAL IN CENSUS SURVEYS AS HINDUS.

WHILE THERE ARE FUNDAMENTAL SIMILARITIES, LIKE THE BELIEF IN WHILE THERE ARE FUNDAMENTAL SIMILARITIES, LIKE THE BELIEF IN REBIRTH AFTER DEATH, JAINISM IS SIMILARITIES, LIKE THE BELIEF IN REBIRTH AFTER DEATH, JAINISM IS A DISTINCT BELIEF SYSTEM DATING REBIRTH AFTER DEATH, JAINISM IS A DISTINCT BELIEF SYSTEM DATING BACK AT LEAST TO THE SIXTH A DISTINCT BELIEF SYSTEM DATING BACK AT LEAST TO THE SIXTH CENTURY B.C.

BACK AT LEAST TO THE SIXTH CENTURY B.C.

ITS NUMBERS DECLINED AS ANCIENT CENTURY B.C.

ITS NUMBERS DECLINED AS ANCIENT RULERS WHO SUPPORTED JAINISM ITS NUMBERS DECLINED AS ANCIENT RULERS WHO SUPPORTED JAINISM FADED INTO HISTORY AND INDIA RULERS WHO SUPPORTED JAINISM FADED INTO HISTORY AND INDIA FELL UNDER NEW CONQUESTS.

FADED INTO HISTORY AND INDIA FELL UNDER NEW CONQUESTS.

TODAY, THERE ARE ONLY ABOUT FELL UNDER NEW CONQUESTS.

TODAY, THERE ARE ONLY ABOUT 5 MILLION JAINS IN A COUNTRY OF TODAY, THERE ARE ONLY ABOUT 5 MILLION JAINS IN A COUNTRY OF 1.2 BILLION.

5 MILLION JAINS IN A COUNTRY OF 1.2 BILLION.

BUT JAINISM'S IMPRINT ON INDIAN 1.2 BILLION.

BUT JAINISM'S IMPRINT ON INDIAN HISTORY IS LARGE, INCLUDING BUT JAINISM'S IMPRINT ON INDIAN HISTORY IS LARGE, INCLUDING PROFOUNDLY INDIA'S INDEPENDENCE HISTORY IS LARGE, INCLUDING PROFOUNDLY INDIA'S INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT.

PROFOUNDLY INDIA'S INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT.

>> WHEN WE THINK ABOUT THE MOVEMENT.

>> WHEN WE THINK ABOUT THE NOTION OF AHIMSA OR NONVIOLENCE >> WHEN WE THINK ABOUT THE NOTION OF AHIMSA OR NONVIOLENCE THAT IS CENTRAL TO GANDHI'S NOTION OF AHIMSA OR NONVIOLENCE THAT IS CENTRAL TO GANDHI'S THOUGHT, YOU KNOW, THAT GOES THAT IS CENTRAL TO GANDHI'S THOUGHT, YOU KNOW, THAT GOES BACK TO JAIN TEACHINGS AND IS THOUGHT, YOU KNOW, THAT GOES BACK TO JAIN TEACHINGS AND IS THE MOST IMPORTANT DOCTRINE THEY BACK TO JAIN TEACHINGS AND IS THE MOST IMPORTANT DOCTRINE THEY HOLD.

THE MOST IMPORTANT DOCTRINE THEY HOLD.

>> MAHATMA GANDHI WAS HINDU, NOT HOLD.

>> MAHATMA GANDHI WAS HINDU, NOT JAIN.

>> MAHATMA GANDHI WAS HINDU, NOT JAIN.

BUT HIS APPROACH, NONVIOLENT JAIN.

BUT HIS APPROACH, NONVIOLENT RESISTANCE TO BRITISH RULERS, BUT HIS APPROACH, NONVIOLENT RESISTANCE TO BRITISH RULERS, HIS SHUNNING OF MOST MATERIAL RESISTANCE TO BRITISH RULERS, HIS SHUNNING OF MOST MATERIAL POSSESSIONS, AND CELIBACY ARE HIS SHUNNING OF MOST MATERIAL POSSESSIONS, AND CELIBACY ARE KEY JAIN TEACHINGS, AS IS POSSESSIONS, AND CELIBACY ARE KEY JAIN TEACHINGS, AS IS TRUTHFULNESS.

KEY JAIN TEACHINGS, AS IS TRUTHFULNESS.

STEALING IS PROHIBITED.

TRUTHFULNESS.

STEALING IS PROHIBITED.

JAINISM'S STRICTEST FOLLOWERS, STEALING IS PROHIBITED.

JAINISM'S STRICTEST FOLLOWERS, MONKS LIKE PULAK SAGAR, TAKE JAINISM'S STRICTEST FOLLOWERS, MONKS LIKE PULAK SAGAR, TAKE THESE TEACHINGS TO THE ABSOLUTE MONKS LIKE PULAK SAGAR, TAKE THESE TEACHINGS TO THE ABSOLUTE EXTREME, RENOUNCING EVEN THESE TEACHINGS TO THE ABSOLUTE EXTREME, RENOUNCING EVEN CLOTHING.

EXTREME, RENOUNCING EVEN CLOTHING.

HIS ROUTINE OF PRAYER AND CLOTHING.

HIS ROUTINE OF PRAYER AND MEDITATION BEGINS EACH DAY AT HIS ROUTINE OF PRAYER AND MEDITATION BEGINS EACH DAY AT 4:00 A.M., INTERRUPTED BY ONE MEDITATION BEGINS EACH DAY AT 4:00 A.M., INTERRUPTED BY ONE DAILY MEAL AT AROUND 10:00 A.M. 4:00 A.M., INTERRUPTED BY ONE DAILY MEAL AT AROUND 10:00 A.M. >> WE DON'T EAT OFF PLATES OR DAILY MEAL AT AROUND 10:00 A.M. >> WE DON'T EAT OFF PLATES OR USE ANY UTENSILS.

>> WE DON'T EAT OFF PLATES OR USE ANY UTENSILS.

WE EAT WITH OUR HANDS.

USE ANY UTENSILS.

WE EAT WITH OUR HANDS.

AFTER THE MEAL AND UNTIL ABOUT WE EAT WITH OUR HANDS.

AFTER THE MEAL AND UNTIL ABOUT 3:00 P.M., A PERIOD OF AFTER THE MEAL AND UNTIL ABOUT 3:00 P.M., A PERIOD OF MEDITATION FOLLOWS, AFTER WHICH 3:00 P.M., A PERIOD OF MEDITATION FOLLOWS, AFTER WHICH WE RECEIVE PEOPLE.

MEDITATION FOLLOWS, AFTER WHICH WE RECEIVE PEOPLE.

>> MONKS OR GURUS ARE REVERED WE RECEIVE PEOPLE.

>> MONKS OR GURUS ARE REVERED FOR ADOPTING THE WAYS OF >> MONKS OR GURUS ARE REVERED FOR ADOPTING THE WAYS OF JAINISM'S ANCIENT TEACHERS.

FOR ADOPTING THE WAYS OF JAINISM'S ANCIENT TEACHERS.

THE LAST AND MOST INFLUENTIAL OF JAINISM'S ANCIENT TEACHERS.

THE LAST AND MOST INFLUENTIAL OF THESE WAS MAHAVIRA, THE SON OF A THE LAST AND MOST INFLUENTIAL OF THESE WAS MAHAVIRA, THE SON OF A POWERFUL KING WHO LIVED IN THE THESE WAS MAHAVIRA, THE SON OF A POWERFUL KING WHO LIVED IN THE SIXTH CENTURY B.C.

POWERFUL KING WHO LIVED IN THE SIXTH CENTURY B.C.

TODAY, THERE ARE ABOUT SIXTH CENTURY B.C.

TODAY, THERE ARE ABOUT 1,300 MONKS AND NUNS.

TODAY, THERE ARE ABOUT 1,300 MONKS AND NUNS.

UNLIKE MALE RELIGIOUS, NUNS 1,300 MONKS AND NUNS.

UNLIKE MALE RELIGIOUS, NUNS COVER THEMSELVES WITH SIMPLE UNLIKE MALE RELIGIOUS, NUNS COVER THEMSELVES WITH SIMPLE WHITE GARMENTS.

COVER THEMSELVES WITH SIMPLE WHITE GARMENTS.

SAGAR IS 41, A COLLEGE GRADUATE WHITE GARMENTS.

SAGAR IS 41, A COLLEGE GRADUATE WHO CAME FROM A WELL-TO-DO SAGAR IS 41, A COLLEGE GRADUATE WHO CAME FROM A WELL-TO-DO FAMILY.

WHO CAME FROM A WELL-TO-DO FAMILY.

HE BECAME A MONK AT 23, INSPIRED FAMILY.

HE BECAME A MONK AT 23, INSPIRED ON A VISIT TO A JAIN GURU BY THE HE BECAME A MONK AT 23, INSPIRED ON A VISIT TO A JAIN GURU BY THE PEACE AND CONTENTMENT THAT HE ON A VISIT TO A JAIN GURU BY THE PEACE AND CONTENTMENT THAT HE SAYS COMES THROUGH LIBERATION PEACE AND CONTENTMENT THAT HE SAYS COMES THROUGH LIBERATION FROM BODILY AND MATERIAL WANT.

SAYS COMES THROUGH LIBERATION FROM BODILY AND MATERIAL WANT.

>> WE HAVE TO ALWAYS KEEP THIS FROM BODILY AND MATERIAL WANT.

>> WE HAVE TO ALWAYS KEEP THIS IN MIND.

>> WE HAVE TO ALWAYS KEEP THIS IN MIND.

THAT THE THINGS WE'VE COLLECTED IN MIND.

THAT THE THINGS WE'VE COLLECTED WE HAVE TO LEAVE BEHIND.

THAT THE THINGS WE'VE COLLECTED WE HAVE TO LEAVE BEHIND.

WE CAN ACQUIRE ALL THE DIAMONDS WE HAVE TO LEAVE BEHIND.

WE CAN ACQUIRE ALL THE DIAMONDS AND JEWELS IN THE WORLD, BUT THE WE CAN ACQUIRE ALL THE DIAMONDS AND JEWELS IN THE WORLD, BUT THE SHROUD OF A DEAD PERSON HAS NO AND JEWELS IN THE WORLD, BUT THE SHROUD OF A DEAD PERSON HAS NO POCKETS.

SHROUD OF A DEAD PERSON HAS NO POCKETS.

YOU CAN'T TAKE THESE THINGS WITH POCKETS.

YOU CAN'T TAKE THESE THINGS WITH YOU.

YOU CAN'T TAKE THESE THINGS WITH YOU.

>> IRONICALLY, JAINS ARE YOU.

>> IRONICALLY, JAINS ARE WELL-KNOWN FOR THEIR WEALTH AND >> IRONICALLY, JAINS ARE WELL-KNOWN FOR THEIR WEALTH AND BUSINESS SUCCESS, PARTICULARLY WELL-KNOWN FOR THEIR WEALTH AND BUSINESS SUCCESS, PARTICULARLY IN THE JEWELRY BUSINESS.

BUSINESS SUCCESS, PARTICULARLY IN THE JEWELRY BUSINESS.

IN CONTRAST TO THE ASCETIC IN THE JEWELRY BUSINESS.

IN CONTRAST TO THE ASCETIC LIFESTYLE OF MONKS AND NUNS, IN CONTRAST TO THE ASCETIC LIFESTYLE OF MONKS AND NUNS, JAIN TEMPLES ARE GRAND EDIFICES.

LIFESTYLE OF MONKS AND NUNS, JAIN TEMPLES ARE GRAND EDIFICES.

THERE'S EVEN ONE IN ANTWERP, JAIN TEMPLES ARE GRAND EDIFICES.

THERE'S EVEN ONE IN ANTWERP, BELGIUM, THE WORLD'S THERE'S EVEN ONE IN ANTWERP, BELGIUM, THE WORLD'S DIAMOND-TRADING CAPITAL.

BELGIUM, THE WORLD'S DIAMOND-TRADING CAPITAL.

BUT OSTENTATION RARELY EXTENDS DIAMOND-TRADING CAPITAL.

BUT OSTENTATION RARELY EXTENDS TO THE LAY JAIN LIFESTYLE.

BUT OSTENTATION RARELY EXTENDS TO THE LAY JAIN LIFESTYLE.

>> THERE ARE A LOT OF PEOPLE WHO TO THE LAY JAIN LIFESTYLE.

>> THERE ARE A LOT OF PEOPLE WHO ARE QUITE WEALTHY, QUITE >> THERE ARE A LOT OF PEOPLE WHO ARE QUITE WEALTHY, QUITE SUCCESSFUL BUT THEY TAKE FROM ARE QUITE WEALTHY, QUITE SUCCESSFUL BUT THEY TAKE FROM THE ASCETIC IDEAL JUST ENOUGH TO SUCCESSFUL BUT THEY TAKE FROM THE ASCETIC IDEAL JUST ENOUGH TO GIVE THEM THE KIND OF THE ASCETIC IDEAL JUST ENOUGH TO GIVE THEM THE KIND OF SELF-DISCIPLINE AND WORK ETHIC GIVE THEM THE KIND OF SELF-DISCIPLINE AND WORK ETHIC THAT ULTIMATELY ALSO HELPS IN SELF-DISCIPLINE AND WORK ETHIC THAT ULTIMATELY ALSO HELPS IN THEIR BUSINESS, AND THEN THEY THAT ULTIMATELY ALSO HELPS IN THEIR BUSINESS, AND THEN THEY HAVE THE SENSE OF IT'S MY THEIR BUSINESS, AND THEN THEY HAVE THE SENSE OF IT'S MY RESPONSIBILITY AS A WEALTHY HAVE THE SENSE OF IT'S MY RESPONSIBILITY AS A WEALTHY PERSON NOT TO SIMPLY INDULGE IN RESPONSIBILITY AS A WEALTHY PERSON NOT TO SIMPLY INDULGE IN MY OWN PLEASURES BUT TO ALSO PERSON NOT TO SIMPLY INDULGE IN MY OWN PLEASURES BUT TO ALSO MAKE GIFTS BACK TO THE RELIGIOUS MY OWN PLEASURES BUT TO ALSO MAKE GIFTS BACK TO THE RELIGIOUS COMMUNITY TO SUPPORT THOSE MAKE GIFTS BACK TO THE RELIGIOUS COMMUNITY TO SUPPORT THOSE HEROIC FIGURES WHO ARE GOING TO COMMUNITY TO SUPPORT THOSE HEROIC FIGURES WHO ARE GOING TO GO THE WHOLE WAY AND WEAR JUST A HEROIC FIGURES WHO ARE GOING TO GO THE WHOLE WAY AND WEAR JUST A PIECE OF CLOTH OR NOTHING AND GO THE WHOLE WAY AND WEAR JUST A PIECE OF CLOTH OR NOTHING AND FAST ALL THE TIME.

PIECE OF CLOTH OR NOTHING AND FAST ALL THE TIME.

>> MAHAVIR PARSHAD JAIN IS A FAST ALL THE TIME.

>> MAHAVIR PARSHAD JAIN IS A THIRD-GENERATION JEWELER IN >> MAHAVIR PARSHAD JAIN IS A THIRD-GENERATION JEWELER IN DELHI.

THIRD-GENERATION JEWELER IN DELHI.

HIS THREE SONS ALSO RUN THE DELHI.

HIS THREE SONS ALSO RUN THE BUSINESS.

HIS THREE SONS ALSO RUN THE BUSINESS.

AND THREE GENERATIONS OF THE BUSINESS.

AND THREE GENERATIONS OF THE FAMILY SHARE A LARGE HOME IN AND THREE GENERATIONS OF THE FAMILY SHARE A LARGE HOME IN INDIA'S JOINT FAMILY TRADITION.

FAMILY SHARE A LARGE HOME IN INDIA'S JOINT FAMILY TRADITION.

THEY ARE VERY WELL-TO-DO BY INDIA'S JOINT FAMILY TRADITION.

THEY ARE VERY WELL-TO-DO BY INDIA'S STANDARDS, BUT INSIST THEY ARE VERY WELL-TO-DO BY INDIA'S STANDARDS, BUT INSIST THEIR LIVES ARE SIMPLE AND INDIA'S STANDARDS, BUT INSIST THEIR LIVES ARE SIMPLE AND DEVOID OF EXCESS.

THEIR LIVES ARE SIMPLE AND DEVOID OF EXCESS.

>> WE EARN OUR MONEY BY ETHICAL, DEVOID OF EXCESS.

>> WE EARN OUR MONEY BY ETHICAL, HUMANE MEANS.

>> WE EARN OUR MONEY BY ETHICAL, HUMANE MEANS.

WE AVOID WEALTH THAT WOULD BE HUMANE MEANS.

WE AVOID WEALTH THAT WOULD BE ACQUIRED BY CHEATING OTHERS OR WE AVOID WEALTH THAT WOULD BE ACQUIRED BY CHEATING OTHERS OR BY ANY VIOLENT MEANS, AND WE ACQUIRED BY CHEATING OTHERS OR BY ANY VIOLENT MEANS, AND WE ONLY ACCUMULATE THAT WHICH WE BY ANY VIOLENT MEANS, AND WE ONLY ACCUMULATE THAT WHICH WE NEED.

ONLY ACCUMULATE THAT WHICH WE NEED.

I HAVE JUST ONE STORE.

NEED.

I HAVE JUST ONE STORE.

WE'VE HAD IT FOR THE PAST I HAVE JUST ONE STORE.

WE'VE HAD IT FOR THE PAST 65 YEARS, AND THAT IS HOW WE WE'VE HAD IT FOR THE PAST 65 YEARS, AND THAT IS HOW WE FEED OUR FAMILY.

65 YEARS, AND THAT IS HOW WE FEED OUR FAMILY.

>> WE NEVER EAT OUTSIDE.

FEED OUR FAMILY.

>> WE NEVER EAT OUTSIDE.

ALL OUR FOOD IS COOKED IN THE >> WE NEVER EAT OUTSIDE.

ALL OUR FOOD IS COOKED IN THE HOME, AND WE ONLY EAT FROM ABOUT ALL OUR FOOD IS COOKED IN THE HOME, AND WE ONLY EAT FROM ABOUT 20 VEGETABLES.

HOME, AND WE ONLY EAT FROM ABOUT 20 VEGETABLES.

>> THE JAIN DIET IS INFORMED BY 20 VEGETABLES.

>> THE JAIN DIET IS INFORMED BY THE CALL FOR NONVIOLENCE TOWARD >> THE JAIN DIET IS INFORMED BY THE CALL FOR NONVIOLENCE TOWARD ALL LIFE, ANIMAL AND PLANT.

THE CALL FOR NONVIOLENCE TOWARD ALL LIFE, ANIMAL AND PLANT.

SO IT'S NOT JUST VEGETARIAN, BUT ALL LIFE, ANIMAL AND PLANT.

SO IT'S NOT JUST VEGETARIAN, BUT ALSO FORBIDS PLANTS THAT GROW SO IT'S NOT JUST VEGETARIAN, BUT ALSO FORBIDS PLANTS THAT GROW BELOW GROUND, LIKE ONIONS OR ALSO FORBIDS PLANTS THAT GROW BELOW GROUND, LIKE ONIONS OR POTATOES, SINCE EXTRACTING THEM BELOW GROUND, LIKE ONIONS OR POTATOES, SINCE EXTRACTING THEM KILLS THE WHOLE PLANT AND MIGHT POTATOES, SINCE EXTRACTING THEM KILLS THE WHOLE PLANT AND MIGHT ALSO HURT INSECTS AND WORMS.

KILLS THE WHOLE PLANT AND MIGHT ALSO HURT INSECTS AND WORMS.

IN THE JAIN HOME, AND JAIN IS A ALSO HURT INSECTS AND WORMS.

IN THE JAIN HOME, AND JAIN IS A COMMON SURNAME, THE GRANDPARENTS IN THE JAIN HOME, AND JAIN IS A COMMON SURNAME, THE GRANDPARENTS AVOID EATING AFTER SUNDOWN.

COMMON SURNAME, THE GRANDPARENTS AVOID EATING AFTER SUNDOWN.

THEY KEEP A DAILY REGIMEN OF AVOID EATING AFTER SUNDOWN.

THEY KEEP A DAILY REGIMEN OF PRAYER RITUALS AT TEMPLE, AND THEY KEEP A DAILY REGIMEN OF PRAYER RITUALS AT TEMPLE, AND THEY PROVIDE FOOD FOR MONKS.

PRAYER RITUALS AT TEMPLE, AND THEY PROVIDE FOOD FOR MONKS.

THEY ALSO TOOK A VOW OF CELIBACY THEY PROVIDE FOOD FOR MONKS.

THEY ALSO TOOK A VOW OF CELIBACY EIGHT YEARS AGO.

THEY ALSO TOOK A VOW OF CELIBACY EIGHT YEARS AGO.

>> JAINISM, THE FOREMOST THING EIGHT YEARS AGO.

>> JAINISM, THE FOREMOST THING IS TO HAVE CONTROL ON YOUR >> JAINISM, THE FOREMOST THING IS TO HAVE CONTROL ON YOUR WILLPOWER, ON YOUR THOUGHTS.

IS TO HAVE CONTROL ON YOUR WILLPOWER, ON YOUR THOUGHTS.

>> IT'S ASCETICISM ON A KIND OF WILLPOWER, ON YOUR THOUGHTS.

>> IT'S ASCETICISM ON A KIND OF SLIDING SCALE, INFORMED BY ONE'S >> IT'S ASCETICISM ON A KIND OF SLIDING SCALE, INFORMED BY ONE'S CIRCUMSTANCES.

SLIDING SCALE, INFORMED BY ONE'S CIRCUMSTANCES.

>> THE HIGH IDEALS AND A LOT OF CIRCUMSTANCES.

>> THE HIGH IDEALS AND A LOT OF OTHER THINGS THAT OUR >> THE HIGH IDEALS AND A LOT OF OTHER THINGS THAT OUR GRANDPARENTS FOLLOW, IT IS VERY OTHER THINGS THAT OUR GRANDPARENTS FOLLOW, IT IS VERY DIFFICULT FOR THE PRESENT GRANDPARENTS FOLLOW, IT IS VERY DIFFICULT FOR THE PRESENT GENERATION.

DIFFICULT FOR THE PRESENT GENERATION.

>> 20-YEAR-OLD GEETIKA JAIN WHO GENERATION.

>> 20-YEAR-OLD GEETIKA JAIN WHO ATTENDS UNIVERSITY SAYS SHE HAS >> 20-YEAR-OLD GEETIKA JAIN WHO ATTENDS UNIVERSITY SAYS SHE HAS NO DIFFICULTY RESISTING SMOKING ATTENDS UNIVERSITY SAYS SHE HAS NO DIFFICULTY RESISTING SMOKING AND DRINKING.

NO DIFFICULTY RESISTING SMOKING AND DRINKING.

BUT LIVING IN A MODERN WORLD AND DRINKING.

BUT LIVING IN A MODERN WORLD DEMANDS MORE FLEXIBILITY.

BUT LIVING IN A MODERN WORLD DEMANDS MORE FLEXIBILITY.

>> MY GRANDPARENTS SAID THEY DEMANDS MORE FLEXIBILITY.

>> MY GRANDPARENTS SAID THEY DON'T EAT FOOD AT NIGHT.

>> MY GRANDPARENTS SAID THEY DON'T EAT FOOD AT NIGHT.

BUT GOING OUT WITH FRIENDS, DON'T EAT FOOD AT NIGHT.

BUT GOING OUT WITH FRIENDS, HAVING A SOCIAL CIRCLE AND BUT GOING OUT WITH FRIENDS, HAVING A SOCIAL CIRCLE AND HAVING TO MAINTAIN THOSE SOCIAL HAVING A SOCIAL CIRCLE AND HAVING TO MAINTAIN THOSE SOCIAL CIRCLES, WE SOMETIMES -— WE HAVING TO MAINTAIN THOSE SOCIAL CIRCLES, WE SOMETIMES -— WE CAN'T BE AS STRICT AS OUR CIRCLES, WE SOMETIMES -— WE CAN'T BE AS STRICT AS OUR GRANDPARENTS.

CAN'T BE AS STRICT AS OUR GRANDPARENTS.

SO WE WON'T EAT FOOD AT NIGHT GRANDPARENTS.

SO WE WON'T EAT FOOD AT NIGHT WHEN WE'RE AT HOME.

SO WE WON'T EAT FOOD AT NIGHT WHEN WE'RE AT HOME.

BUT WHEN WE HAVE TO GO TO A WHEN WE'RE AT HOME.

BUT WHEN WE HAVE TO GO TO A SOCIAL GATHERING OR MARRIAGE OR BUT WHEN WE HAVE TO GO TO A SOCIAL GATHERING OR MARRIAGE OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT, WE TAKE A SOCIAL GATHERING OR MARRIAGE OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT, WE TAKE A SIDE-STEP AND WE FOLLOW WHAT SOMETHING LIKE THAT, WE TAKE A SIDE-STEP AND WE FOLLOW WHAT SOCIALLY WE ARE ABLE TO DO.

SIDE-STEP AND WE FOLLOW WHAT SOCIALLY WE ARE ABLE TO DO.

>> THAT FLEXIBILITY TO "TAKE A SOCIALLY WE ARE ABLE TO DO.

>> THAT FLEXIBILITY TO "TAKE A SIDE-STEP," TO CHOOSE ONE'S >> THAT FLEXIBILITY TO "TAKE A SIDE-STEP," TO CHOOSE ONE'S INDIVIDUAL PACE, MAY BE TRACED SIDE-STEP," TO CHOOSE ONE'S INDIVIDUAL PACE, MAY BE TRACED BACK TO JAINISM'S EARLY DAYS.

INDIVIDUAL PACE, MAY BE TRACED BACK TO JAINISM'S EARLY DAYS.

2,500 YEARS AGO JAINISM THRIVED BACK TO JAINISM'S EARLY DAYS.

2,500 YEARS AGO JAINISM THRIVED HERE.

2,500 YEARS AGO JAINISM THRIVED HERE.

IT WAS THE DAWN OF LONG-DISTANCE HERE.

IT WAS THE DAWN OF LONG-DISTANCE TRADE THAT OPENED PEOPLE TO NEW IT WAS THE DAWN OF LONG-DISTANCE TRADE THAT OPENED PEOPLE TO NEW GOODS AND NEW IDEAS, AND THIS TRADE THAT OPENED PEOPLE TO NEW GOODS AND NEW IDEAS, AND THIS APPEALED TO THE RULERS AND GOODS AND NEW IDEAS, AND THIS APPEALED TO THE RULERS AND TRADERS OF THE DAY.

APPEALED TO THE RULERS AND TRADERS OF THE DAY.

THEY HAD LONG BEEN BOUND BY THE TRADERS OF THE DAY.

THEY HAD LONG BEEN BOUND BY THE DOGMA AND SCRIPTURAL THEY HAD LONG BEEN BOUND BY THE DOGMA AND SCRIPTURAL INTERPRETATION OF THE HINDU DOGMA AND SCRIPTURAL INTERPRETATION OF THE HINDU PRIESTS.

INTERPRETATION OF THE HINDU PRIESTS.

>> THEY SIMPLY BROKE WITH PRIESTS.

>> THEY SIMPLY BROKE WITH RELIGIOUS ORTHODOXY.

>> THEY SIMPLY BROKE WITH RELIGIOUS ORTHODOXY.

THEY SAID WE'RE NOT GOING TO RELIGIOUS ORTHODOXY.

THEY SAID WE'RE NOT GOING TO RELY UPON SCRIPTURES.

THEY SAID WE'RE NOT GOING TO RELY UPON SCRIPTURES.

WE'RE GOING TO ANALYZE THE WORLD RELY UPON SCRIPTURES.

WE'RE GOING TO ANALYZE THE WORLD AS WE SEE IT.

WE'RE GOING TO ANALYZE THE WORLD AS WE SEE IT.

AND THEIR ANALYSIS OF THE WORLD AS WE SEE IT.

AND THEIR ANALYSIS OF THE WORLD CAME DOWN TO THE IDEA THAT YOUR AND THEIR ANALYSIS OF THE WORLD CAME DOWN TO THE IDEA THAT YOUR REBIRTH IN THIS WORLD, THE KARMA CAME DOWN TO THE IDEA THAT YOUR REBIRTH IN THIS WORLD, THE KARMA THAT YOU ACCUMULATE COMES FROM REBIRTH IN THIS WORLD, THE KARMA THAT YOU ACCUMULATE COMES FROM THE VIOLENCE THAT YOU DO TO THE THAT YOU ACCUMULATE COMES FROM THE VIOLENCE THAT YOU DO TO THE WORLD.

THE VIOLENCE THAT YOU DO TO THE WORLD.

AND SO OUR ULTIMATE FREEDOM WILL WORLD.

AND SO OUR ULTIMATE FREEDOM WILL BE THE RESULT OF OUR REDUCTION AND SO OUR ULTIMATE FREEDOM WILL BE THE RESULT OF OUR REDUCTION OF THAT VIOLENCE TO AN ABSOLUTE.

BE THE RESULT OF OUR REDUCTION OF THAT VIOLENCE TO AN ABSOLUTE.

>> HARMING ANOTHER BEING, THAT'S OF THAT VIOLENCE TO AN ABSOLUTE.

>> HARMING ANOTHER BEING, THAT'S WHAT MY IDEA OF WHAT VIOLENCE >> HARMING ANOTHER BEING, THAT'S WHAT MY IDEA OF WHAT VIOLENCE IS.

WHAT MY IDEA OF WHAT VIOLENCE IS.

>> PREVENTING VIOLENCE CAN IS.

>> PREVENTING VIOLENCE CAN INVOLVE WEARING A MASK TO GUARD >> PREVENTING VIOLENCE CAN INVOLVE WEARING A MASK TO GUARD AGAINST ACCIDENTALLY SWALLOWING INVOLVE WEARING A MASK TO GUARD AGAINST ACCIDENTALLY SWALLOWING A FLYING INSECT.

AGAINST ACCIDENTALLY SWALLOWING A FLYING INSECT.

SO CAN PROPER DIET AND ETHICAL A FLYING INSECT.

SO CAN PROPER DIET AND ETHICAL BUSINESS DEALINGS.

SO CAN PROPER DIET AND ETHICAL BUSINESS DEALINGS.

SUCH ACTIONS WIPE THE SOUL OF BUSINESS DEALINGS.

SUCH ACTIONS WIPE THE SOUL OF HARMFUL KARMA, BRINGING ONE SUCH ACTIONS WIPE THE SOUL OF HARMFUL KARMA, BRINGING ONE CLOSER TO GOD AND LIBERATION HARMFUL KARMA, BRINGING ONE CLOSER TO GOD AND LIBERATION FROM THE CYCLE OF LIFE, DEATH, CLOSER TO GOD AND LIBERATION FROM THE CYCLE OF LIFE, DEATH, AND REBIRTH.

FROM THE CYCLE OF LIFE, DEATH, AND REBIRTH.

IT MIGHT TAKE MORE CYCLES OF AND REBIRTH.

IT MIGHT TAKE MORE CYCLES OF REBIRTH TO ACHIEVE THAT IT MIGHT TAKE MORE CYCLES OF REBIRTH TO ACHIEVE THAT LIBERATION.

REBIRTH TO ACHIEVE THAT LIBERATION.

UNTIL THEN, JAINS ARE ASKED TO LIBERATION.

UNTIL THEN, JAINS ARE ASKED TO SUPPORT MONKS LIKE PULAK SAGAR, UNTIL THEN, JAINS ARE ASKED TO SUPPORT MONKS LIKE PULAK SAGAR, WHO ARE MUCH FARTHER ALONG IN SUPPORT MONKS LIKE PULAK SAGAR, WHO ARE MUCH FARTHER ALONG IN THAT PATH.

WHO ARE MUCH FARTHER ALONG IN THAT PATH.

FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS THAT PATH.

FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS NEWSWEEKLY," THIS IS FRED DE SAM FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS NEWSWEEKLY," THIS IS FRED DE SAM LAZARO IN DELHI.

NEWSWEEKLY," THIS IS FRED DE SAM LAZARO IN DELHI.

>>> THERE WAS A CHANGING OF THE LAZARO IN DELHI.

>>> THERE WAS A CHANGING OF THE GUARD THIS MONTH AT THE >>> THERE WAS A CHANGING OF THE GUARD THIS MONTH AT THE VENERABLE CHAUTAUQUA GUARD THIS MONTH AT THE VENERABLE CHAUTAUQUA INSTITUTION IN WESTERN NEW YORK VENERABLE CHAUTAUQUA INSTITUTION IN WESTERN NEW YORK STATE.

INSTITUTION IN WESTERN NEW YORK STATE.

THE REVEREND JOAN BROWN CAMPBELL STATE.

THE REVEREND JOAN BROWN CAMPBELL RETIRED AS DIRECTOR OF THE THE REVEREND JOAN BROWN CAMPBELL RETIRED AS DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF RELIGION, AFTER 14 RETIRED AS DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF RELIGION, AFTER 14 YEARS.

DEPARTMENT OF RELIGION, AFTER 14 YEARS.

EARLIER, SHE HAD LED THE YEARS.

EARLIER, SHE HAD LED THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES.

EARLIER, SHE HAD LED THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES.

HER SUCCESSOR IS THE REVEREND NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES.

HER SUCCESSOR IS THE REVEREND ROBERT FRANKLIN, FORMERLY THE HER SUCCESSOR IS THE REVEREND ROBERT FRANKLIN, FORMERLY THE PRESIDENT OF MOREHOUSE COLLEGE, ROBERT FRANKLIN, FORMERLY THE PRESIDENT OF MOREHOUSE COLLEGE, IN ATLANTA.

PRESIDENT OF MOREHOUSE COLLEGE, IN ATLANTA.

>>> FINALLY, ON OUR CALENDAR IN ATLANTA.

>>> FINALLY, ON OUR CALENDAR THIS WEEK, THE HOLIEST TIME ON >>> FINALLY, ON OUR CALENDAR THIS WEEK, THE HOLIEST TIME ON THE JEWISH CALENDAR BEGINS THIS WEEK, THE HOLIEST TIME ON THE JEWISH CALENDAR BEGINS WEDNESDAY EVENING WITH ROSH THE JEWISH CALENDAR BEGINS WEDNESDAY EVENING WITH ROSH HASHANAH, THE JEWISH NEW YEAR.

WEDNESDAY EVENING WITH ROSH HASHANAH, THE JEWISH NEW YEAR.

IT ENDS TEN DAYS LATER WITH YOM HASHANAH, THE JEWISH NEW YEAR.

IT ENDS TEN DAYS LATER WITH YOM KIPPUR, THE DAY OF ATONEMENT.

IT ENDS TEN DAYS LATER WITH YOM KIPPUR, THE DAY OF ATONEMENT.

>>> THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR NOW.

KIPPUR, THE DAY OF ATONEMENT.

>>> THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR NOW.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

>>> THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR NOW.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND FACEBOOK AND WATCH FULL PROGRAMS YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND FACEBOOK AND WATCH FULL PROGRAMS ANYTIME ON THE PBS APP FOR FACEBOOK AND WATCH FULL PROGRAMS ANYTIME ON THE PBS APP FOR iPHONES AND iPADS.

ANYTIME ON THE PBS APP FOR iPHONES AND iPADS.

AND VISIT OUR WEBSITE, WHERE iPHONES AND iPADS.

AND VISIT OUR WEBSITE, WHERE THERE IS ALWAYS MUCH MORE, AND VISIT OUR WEBSITE, WHERE THERE IS ALWAYS MUCH MORE, INCLUDING AUDIO AND VIDEO THERE IS ALWAYS MUCH MORE, INCLUDING AUDIO AND VIDEO PODCASTS OF THIS PROGRAM.

INCLUDING AUDIO AND VIDEO PODCASTS OF THIS PROGRAM.

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PODCASTS OF THIS PROGRAM.

JOIN US AT PBS.ORG.

>>> AS WE LEAVE YOU, MUSIC FROM JOIN US AT PBS.ORG.

>>> AS WE LEAVE YOU, MUSIC FROM THIS WEEK'S KMEMCOMMEMORATION OE >>> AS WE LEAVE YOU, MUSIC FROM THIS WEEK'S KMEMCOMMEMORATION OE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF THE MARCH ON THIS WEEK'S KMEMCOMMEMORATION OE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF THE MARCH ON WASHINGTON.

50th ANNIVERSARY OF THE MARCH ON WASHINGTON.

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