SCHOLAR ON A MISSILE STRIKE SCHOLAR ON A MISSILE STRIKE AGAINST SYRIA AND ALTERNATIVES SCHOLAR ON A MISSILE STRIKE AGAINST SYRIA AND ALTERNATIVES TO IT.

AGAINST SYRIA AND ALTERNATIVES TO IT.

>>> ALSO, 12 YEARS AFTER THE TO IT.

>>> ALSO, 12 YEARS AFTER THE 9/11 ATTACKS, KIM LAWTON HAS A >>> ALSO, 12 YEARS AFTER THE 9/11 ATTACKS, KIM LAWTON HAS A SPECIAL REPORT ON THE COMPLEX 9/11 ATTACKS, KIM LAWTON HAS A SPECIAL REPORT ON THE COMPLEX MORAL QUESTIONS IN THE DEBATE SPECIAL REPORT ON THE COMPLEX MORAL QUESTIONS IN THE DEBATE ABOUT CLOSING GUANTANAMO BAY.

MORAL QUESTIONS IN THE DEBATE ABOUT CLOSING GUANTANAMO BAY.

>> IT'S KIND OF A MORAL ABYSS.

ABOUT CLOSING GUANTANAMO BAY.

>> IT'S KIND OF A MORAL ABYSS.

>>> AND, FRED DE SAM LAZARO ON >> IT'S KIND OF A MORAL ABYSS.

>>> AND, FRED DE SAM LAZARO ON INDIA'S ATTEMPT TO SHORE UP >>> AND, FRED DE SAM LAZARO ON INDIA'S ATTEMPT TO SHORE UP BUDDHISM, NOW THE FAITH OF A INDIA'S ATTEMPT TO SHORE UP BUDDHISM, NOW THE FAITH OF A SMALL MINORITY IN THE LAND OF BUDDHISM, NOW THE FAITH OF A SMALL MINORITY IN THE LAND OF ITS BIRTH.

SMALL MINORITY IN THE LAND OF ITS BIRTH.

>> WELCOME.

ITS BIRTH.

>> WELCOME.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

>> WELCOME.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH US, I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH US, AS WE BEGIN OUR 17th SEASON ON IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH US, AS WE BEGIN OUR 17th SEASON ON THE AIR.

AS WE BEGIN OUR 17th SEASON ON THE AIR.

THERE WAS STRONG AND WIDESPREAD THE AIR.

THERE WAS STRONG AND WIDESPREAD RELIGIOUS OPPOSITION THIS WEEK THERE WAS STRONG AND WIDESPREAD RELIGIOUS OPPOSITION THIS WEEK TO THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION'S RELIGIOUS OPPOSITION THIS WEEK TO THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION'S PROPOSED MILITARY STRIKE AGAINST TO THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION'S PROPOSED MILITARY STRIKE AGAINST THE ASSAD REGIME IN SYRIA.

PROPOSED MILITARY STRIKE AGAINST THE ASSAD REGIME IN SYRIA.

FROM THE VATICAN, POPE FRANCIS THE ASSAD REGIME IN SYRIA.

FROM THE VATICAN, POPE FRANCIS CALLED MILITARY ACTION FUTILE.

FROM THE VATICAN, POPE FRANCIS CALLED MILITARY ACTION FUTILE.

HE DESIGNATED SATURDAY AS A DAY CALLED MILITARY ACTION FUTILE.

HE DESIGNATED SATURDAY AS A DAY OF PRAYER AND FASTING FOR PEACE HE DESIGNATED SATURDAY AS A DAY OF PRAYER AND FASTING FOR PEACE IN SYRIA.

OF PRAYER AND FASTING FOR PEACE IN SYRIA.

SEVERAL U.S. CHRISTIAN GROUPS IN SYRIA.

SEVERAL U.S. CHRISTIAN GROUPS ALSO DENOUNCED THE USE OF FORCE, SEVERAL U.S. CHRISTIAN GROUPS ALSO DENOUNCED THE USE OF FORCE, SAYING IT COULD LEAD TO MORE ALSO DENOUNCED THE USE OF FORCE, SAYING IT COULD LEAD TO MORE VIOLENCE.

SAYING IT COULD LEAD TO MORE VIOLENCE.

THE MILITARY STRIKE DID GET VIOLENCE.

THE MILITARY STRIKE DID GET SUPPORT FROM SOME JEWISH THE MILITARY STRIKE DID GET SUPPORT FROM SOME JEWISH LEADERS.

SUPPORT FROM SOME JEWISH LEADERS.

A GROUP OF PROMINENT RABBIS LEADERS.

A GROUP OF PROMINENT RABBIS WROTE TO CONGRESS THAT A GROUP OF PROMINENT RABBIS WROTE TO CONGRESS THAT U.S. ACTION COULD SAVE THOUSANDS WROTE TO CONGRESS THAT U.S. ACTION COULD SAVE THOUSANDS OF LIVES.

U.S. ACTION COULD SAVE THOUSANDS OF LIVES.

MEANWHILE, THE REFUGEE CRISIS OF LIVES.

MEANWHILE, THE REFUGEE CRISIS HAS ESCALATED DRAMATICALLY.

MEANWHILE, THE REFUGEE CRISIS HAS ESCALATED DRAMATICALLY.

ABOUT A THIRD OF SYRIA'S HAS ESCALATED DRAMATICALLY.

ABOUT A THIRD OF SYRIA'S POPULATION HAS BEEN DISPLACED.

ABOUT A THIRD OF SYRIA'S POPULATION HAS BEEN DISPLACED.

MORE THAN 2 MILLION PEOPLE HAVE POPULATION HAS BEEN DISPLACED.

MORE THAN 2 MILLION PEOPLE HAVE FLED THE COUNTRY AND ANOTHER 4.5 MORE THAN 2 MILLION PEOPLE HAVE FLED THE COUNTRY AND ANOTHER 4.5 MILLION HAVE LEFT THEIR HOMES, FLED THE COUNTRY AND ANOTHER 4.5 MILLION HAVE LEFT THEIR HOMES, BUT REMAIN IN SYRIA.

MILLION HAVE LEFT THEIR HOMES, BUT REMAIN IN SYRIA.

THE U.N.

DESCRIBED THE SITUATION BUT REMAIN IN SYRIA.

THE U.N.

DESCRIBED THE SITUATION AS "THE GREAT TRAGEDY OF THIS THE U.N.

DESCRIBED THE SITUATION AS "THE GREAT TRAGEDY OF THIS CENTURY."

AS "THE GREAT TRAGEDY OF THIS CENTURY."

WE GET A RELIGIOUS VIEW NOW ON CENTURY."

WE GET A RELIGIOUS VIEW NOW ON THE POSSIBILITY OF A MISSILE WE GET A RELIGIOUS VIEW NOW ON THE POSSIBILITY OF A MISSILE STRIKE ON SYRIA, AND THE POSSIBILITY OF A MISSILE STRIKE ON SYRIA, AND ALTERNATIVES TO IT.

STRIKE ON SYRIA, AND ALTERNATIVES TO IT.

KIM LAWTON, OUR MANAGING EDITOR, ALTERNATIVES TO IT.

KIM LAWTON, OUR MANAGING EDITOR, JOINS ME FOR A CONVERSATION WITH KIM LAWTON, OUR MANAGING EDITOR, JOINS ME FOR A CONVERSATION WITH FATHER DREW CHRISTIANSEN, JOINS ME FOR A CONVERSATION WITH FATHER DREW CHRISTIANSEN, CURRENTLY AT BOSTON COLLEGE.

FATHER DREW CHRISTIANSEN, CURRENTLY AT BOSTON COLLEGE.

HE IS THE FORMER EDITOR OF "THE CURRENTLY AT BOSTON COLLEGE.

HE IS THE FORMER EDITOR OF "THE JESUIT MAGAZINE AMERICA," NEWLY HE IS THE FORMER EDITOR OF "THE JESUIT MAGAZINE AMERICA," NEWLY APPOINTED TO THE FACULTY AT JESUIT MAGAZINE AMERICA," NEWLY APPOINTED TO THE FACULTY AT GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY.

APPOINTED TO THE FACULTY AT GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY.

FATHER, WELCOME, CONGRATULATIONS GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY.

FATHER, WELCOME, CONGRATULATIONS ON YOUR NEW APPOINTMENT.

FATHER, WELCOME, CONGRATULATIONS ON YOUR NEW APPOINTMENT.

WHAT'S THE MOST IMPORTANT REASON ON YOUR NEW APPOINTMENT.

WHAT'S THE MOST IMPORTANT REASON THAT YOU OPPOSE A MISSILE STRIKE WHAT'S THE MOST IMPORTANT REASON THAT YOU OPPOSE A MISSILE STRIKE AGAINST SYRIA?

THAT YOU OPPOSE A MISSILE STRIKE AGAINST SYRIA?

>> WELL, I THINK THE MISSILE AGAINST SYRIA?

>> WELL, I THINK THE MISSILE STRIKE DOESN'T DO THE MOST >> WELL, I THINK THE MISSILE STRIKE DOESN'T DO THE MOST ESSENTIAL THING, WHICH IS SAVING STRIKE DOESN'T DO THE MOST ESSENTIAL THING, WHICH IS SAVING THE PEOPLE OF SYRIA.

ESSENTIAL THING, WHICH IS SAVING THE PEOPLE OF SYRIA.

AND WE COULD DO MORE IF WE SPENT THE PEOPLE OF SYRIA.

AND WE COULD DO MORE IF WE SPENT THE MONEY WE'RE SPENDING ON AND WE COULD DO MORE IF WE SPENT THE MONEY WE'RE SPENDING ON BOMBS ON CARING FOR THE THE MONEY WE'RE SPENDING ON BOMBS ON CARING FOR THE REFUGEES.

BOMBS ON CARING FOR THE REFUGEES.

WE'RE THE LEADING DONOR STILL, REFUGEES.

WE'RE THE LEADING DONOR STILL, BUT STILL, SO MUCH ONLY A THIRD WE'RE THE LEADING DONOR STILL, BUT STILL, SO MUCH ONLY A THIRD OF THE MONEY NEEDED FOR REFUGEES BUT STILL, SO MUCH ONLY A THIRD OF THE MONEY NEEDED FOR REFUGEES HAS BEEN GIVEN.

OF THE MONEY NEEDED FOR REFUGEES HAS BEEN GIVEN.

>> BUT ASSAD USED CHEMICAL HAS BEEN GIVEN.

>> BUT ASSAD USED CHEMICAL WEAPONS, APPARENTLY, ON HIS OWN >> BUT ASSAD USED CHEMICAL WEAPONS, APPARENTLY, ON HIS OWN PEOPLE.

WEAPONS, APPARENTLY, ON HIS OWN PEOPLE.

ISN'T THAT REASON ENOUGH FOR A PEOPLE.

ISN'T THAT REASON ENOUGH FOR A MILITARY STRIKE?

ISN'T THAT REASON ENOUGH FOR A MILITARY STRIKE?

>> IT'S NO MORE REASON THAN THE MILITARY STRIKE?

>> IT'S NO MORE REASON THAN THE 120,000 PEOPLE HE'S KILLED BY >> IT'S NO MORE REASON THAN THE 120,000 PEOPLE HE'S KILLED BY OTHER MEANS.

120,000 PEOPLE HE'S KILLED BY OTHER MEANS.

IT'S A CRIME OF WAR TO KILL OTHER MEANS.

IT'S A CRIME OF WAR TO KILL INNOCENT CIVILIANS UNDER ANY IT'S A CRIME OF WAR TO KILL INNOCENT CIVILIANS UNDER ANY CONDITIONS.

INNOCENT CIVILIANS UNDER ANY CONDITIONS.

>> SOME PEOPLE SAY, THOUGH, THAT CONDITIONS.

>> SOME PEOPLE SAY, THOUGH, THAT THIS DOES, THE CHEMICAL ATTACK >> SOME PEOPLE SAY, THOUGH, THAT THIS DOES, THE CHEMICAL ATTACK DID MAKE A MORAL DIFFERENCE THIS DOES, THE CHEMICAL ATTACK DID MAKE A MORAL DIFFERENCE BECAUSE IT WAS SOMETHING THE DID MAKE A MORAL DIFFERENCE BECAUSE IT WAS SOMETHING THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY HAS SAID BECAUSE IT WAS SOMETHING THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY HAS SAID WE WILL NOT TOLERATE, AND WE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY HAS SAID WE WILL NOT TOLERATE, AND WE NEED TO SEND A MESSAGE TO OTHER WE WILL NOT TOLERATE, AND WE NEED TO SEND A MESSAGE TO OTHER DICTATORS THAT WE WILL NOT NEED TO SEND A MESSAGE TO OTHER DICTATORS THAT WE WILL NOT TOLERATE THAT KIND OF ACTIVITY.

DICTATORS THAT WE WILL NOT TOLERATE THAT KIND OF ACTIVITY.

>> I DON'T THINK THAT OUTWEIGHS TOLERATE THAT KIND OF ACTIVITY.

>> I DON'T THINK THAT OUTWEIGHS THE NEED TO DO SOMETHING TO >> I DON'T THINK THAT OUTWEIGHS THE NEED TO DO SOMETHING TO PROTECT PEOPLE, GENERALLY IN THE NEED TO DO SOMETHING TO PROTECT PEOPLE, GENERALLY IN SYRIA, FROM THE KIND OF PROTECT PEOPLE, GENERALLY IN SYRIA, FROM THE KIND OF DESTRUCTION THAT THEIR SYRIA, FROM THE KIND OF DESTRUCTION THAT THEIR GOVERNMENT IS WREAKING UPON DESTRUCTION THAT THEIR GOVERNMENT IS WREAKING UPON THEM.

GOVERNMENT IS WREAKING UPON THEM.

>> HOW COULD WE DO THAT?

THEM.

>> HOW COULD WE DO THAT?

HOW WOULD YOU -- >> HOW COULD WE DO THAT?

HOW WOULD YOU -- >> WELL, FOR ONE, I WOULD GIVE HOW WOULD YOU -- >> WELL, FOR ONE, I WOULD GIVE SUPPORT, AS I SUGGESTED, TO THE >> WELL, FOR ONE, I WOULD GIVE SUPPORT, AS I SUGGESTED, TO THE REFUGEE PROGRAMS -- SUPPORT, AS I SUGGESTED, TO THE REFUGEE PROGRAMS -- >> I UNDERSTAND.

REFUGEE PROGRAMS -- >> I UNDERSTAND.

BUT WITHIN SYRIA.

>> I UNDERSTAND.

BUT WITHIN SYRIA.

>> WELL, WITHIN SYRIA, I THINK BUT WITHIN SYRIA.

>> WELL, WITHIN SYRIA, I THINK WORK HAS TO BE DONE AGAIN TO GET >> WELL, WITHIN SYRIA, I THINK WORK HAS TO BE DONE AGAIN TO GET THE ACCESS TO THE PEOPLE IN NEED WORK HAS TO BE DONE AGAIN TO GET THE ACCESS TO THE PEOPLE IN NEED THROUGH THE INTERNATIONAL THE ACCESS TO THE PEOPLE IN NEED THROUGH THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS.

THROUGH THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS.

BEYOND THAT, I THINK THAT THE COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS.

BEYOND THAT, I THINK THAT THE DIPLOMATIC SURGE, IF YOU WILL, BEYOND THAT, I THINK THAT THE DIPLOMATIC SURGE, IF YOU WILL, IS NEEDED TO TRY TO BRING ABOUT DIPLOMATIC SURGE, IF YOU WILL, IS NEEDED TO TRY TO BRING ABOUT NEGOTIATIONS AMONG ALL THE IS NEEDED TO TRY TO BRING ABOUT NEGOTIATIONS AMONG ALL THE SIDES.

NEGOTIATIONS AMONG ALL THE SIDES.

>> SOME PEOPLE SEE THIS, THOUGH, SIDES.

>> SOME PEOPLE SEE THIS, THOUGH, AS ONE OF THOSE INSTANCES WHERE >> SOME PEOPLE SEE THIS, THOUGH, AS ONE OF THOSE INSTANCES WHERE WE NEED TO SEND A STRONG AS ONE OF THOSE INSTANCES WHERE WE NEED TO SEND A STRONG MESSAGE.

WE NEED TO SEND A STRONG MESSAGE.

WOULD THAT APPEAR TO BE, IN SOME MESSAGE.

WOULD THAT APPEAR TO BE, IN SOME WAY, A COP-OUT FROM OUR STATED WOULD THAT APPEAR TO BE, IN SOME WAY, A COP-OUT FROM OUR STATED GOAL OF PROTECTING, YOU KNOW, WAY, A COP-OUT FROM OUR STATED GOAL OF PROTECTING, YOU KNOW, THE RESPONSIBILITY WE HAVE TO GOAL OF PROTECTING, YOU KNOW, THE RESPONSIBILITY WE HAVE TO PROTECT PEOPLE?

THE RESPONSIBILITY WE HAVE TO PROTECT PEOPLE?

>> AND LOSING A LOT OF PROTECT PEOPLE?

>> AND LOSING A LOT OF CREDIBILITY?

>> AND LOSING A LOT OF CREDIBILITY?

>> I THINK IT'S A LEGAL AND CREDIBILITY?

>> I THINK IT'S A LEGAL AND POLITICAL NICETY.

>> I THINK IT'S A LEGAL AND POLITICAL NICETY.

THE FUNDAMENTAL ISSUE IS SAVING POLITICAL NICETY.

THE FUNDAMENTAL ISSUE IS SAVING THE PEOPLE.

THE FUNDAMENTAL ISSUE IS SAVING THE PEOPLE.

AND CREDIBILITY DOESN'T STAND UP THE PEOPLE.

AND CREDIBILITY DOESN'T STAND UP TO THE JUSTIFICATIONS FOR GOING AND CREDIBILITY DOESN'T STAND UP TO THE JUSTIFICATIONS FOR GOING TO WAR AT ALL.

TO THE JUSTIFICATIONS FOR GOING TO WAR AT ALL.

THAT'S NOT A JUST CAUSE FOR TO WAR AT ALL.

THAT'S NOT A JUST CAUSE FOR GOING TO WAR.

THAT'S NOT A JUST CAUSE FOR GOING TO WAR.

>> AND SO, WHAT DO YOU PROPOSE?

GOING TO WAR.

>> AND SO, WHAT DO YOU PROPOSE?

>> WELL, IN ADDITION TO THE >> AND SO, WHAT DO YOU PROPOSE?

>> WELL, IN ADDITION TO THE REFUGEE WORK, I WOULD PROPOSE >> WELL, IN ADDITION TO THE REFUGEE WORK, I WOULD PROPOSE THAT THERE REALLY BE A CAMPAIGN REFUGEE WORK, I WOULD PROPOSE THAT THERE REALLY BE A CAMPAIGN AT THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN THAT THERE REALLY BE A CAMPAIGN AT THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN SEPTEMBER, BEGINNING THAT TIME, AT THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN SEPTEMBER, BEGINNING THAT TIME, TO GET THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD SEPTEMBER, BEGINNING THAT TIME, TO GET THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD ON BOARD THE NEGOTIATION ROUTE.

TO GET THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD ON BOARD THE NEGOTIATION ROUTE.

AND IF THEY DO THAT ON BOARD THE NEGOTIATION ROUTE.

AND IF THEY DO THAT CONSISTENTLY, AS THE GERMAN AND IF THEY DO THAT CONSISTENTLY, AS THE GERMAN FOREIGN MINISTER SUGGESTED CONSISTENTLY, AS THE GERMAN FOREIGN MINISTER SUGGESTED YESTERDAY, IT SEEMS TO ME THAT FOREIGN MINISTER SUGGESTED YESTERDAY, IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THERE'S A CHANCE THAT THESE YESTERDAY, IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THERE'S A CHANCE THAT THESE THINGS CAN BE RESOLVED.

THERE'S A CHANCE THAT THESE THINGS CAN BE RESOLVED.

>> SOME PEOPLE TALK ABOUT USING THINGS CAN BE RESOLVED.

>> SOME PEOPLE TALK ABOUT USING THE INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS >> SOME PEOPLE TALK ABOUT USING THE INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS LIKE THE CRIMINAL COURT SYSTEM THE INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS LIKE THE CRIMINAL COURT SYSTEM TO TRY TO, AGAIN, SEND A LIKE THE CRIMINAL COURT SYSTEM TO TRY TO, AGAIN, SEND A MESSAGE, "WE WON'T TOLERATE TO TRY TO, AGAIN, SEND A MESSAGE, "WE WON'T TOLERATE THIS."

MESSAGE, "WE WON'T TOLERATE THIS."

>> THERE ARE PROBLEMS THERE, THIS."

>> THERE ARE PROBLEMS THERE, PARTICULARLY BECAUSE YOU NEED >> THERE ARE PROBLEMS THERE, PARTICULARLY BECAUSE YOU NEED THE U.N. TO DO IT, YOU NEED IT PARTICULARLY BECAUSE YOU NEED THE U.N. TO DO IT, YOU NEED IT TO COME FROM THE SECURITY THE U.N. TO DO IT, YOU NEED IT TO COME FROM THE SECURITY COUNCIL, AND THE RUSSIANS WILL TO COME FROM THE SECURITY COUNCIL, AND THE RUSSIANS WILL VETO IT.

COUNCIL, AND THE RUSSIANS WILL VETO IT.

AN INDIVIDUAL NATION COULD BRING VETO IT.

AN INDIVIDUAL NATION COULD BRING CHARGES, BUT THAT WOULD -- IT'S AN INDIVIDUAL NATION COULD BRING CHARGES, BUT THAT WOULD -- IT'S HARD TO SAY HOW THAT WOULD WORK.

CHARGES, BUT THAT WOULD -- IT'S HARD TO SAY HOW THAT WOULD WORK.

>> WHAT ARE YOU HEARING FROM HARD TO SAY HOW THAT WOULD WORK.

>> WHAT ARE YOU HEARING FROM YOUR FELLOW CHRISTIANS IN THE >> WHAT ARE YOU HEARING FROM YOUR FELLOW CHRISTIANS IN THE REGION, SPECIFICALLY INSIDE YOUR FELLOW CHRISTIANS IN THE REGION, SPECIFICALLY INSIDE SYRIA, A MINORITY INSIDE A REGION, SPECIFICALLY INSIDE SYRIA, A MINORITY INSIDE A RELIGIOUSLY VERY DIVIDED SYRIA, A MINORITY INSIDE A RELIGIOUSLY VERY DIVIDED COUNTRY?

RELIGIOUSLY VERY DIVIDED COUNTRY?

>> WELL, WE'RE HEARING FROM SOME COUNTRY?

>> WELL, WE'RE HEARING FROM SOME PEOPLE WHO WE KNOW ARE NORMALLY >> WELL, WE'RE HEARING FROM SOME PEOPLE WHO WE KNOW ARE NORMALLY VOCAL.

PEOPLE WHO WE KNOW ARE NORMALLY VOCAL.

I HAVEN'T HEARD MANY NEW VOICES.

VOCAL.

I HAVEN'T HEARD MANY NEW VOICES.

AND THE COMMUNITY IS DIVIDED.

I HAVEN'T HEARD MANY NEW VOICES.

AND THE COMMUNITY IS DIVIDED.

SOME OF THE LEADERS ON THE AND THE COMMUNITY IS DIVIDED.

SOME OF THE LEADERS ON THE POLITICAL SIDE OF THE RESISTANCE SOME OF THE LEADERS ON THE POLITICAL SIDE OF THE RESISTANCE ARE CHRISTIANS.

POLITICAL SIDE OF THE RESISTANCE ARE CHRISTIANS.

BUT THE BISHOPS, IN PARTICULAR, ARE CHRISTIANS.

BUT THE BISHOPS, IN PARTICULAR, HAVE CLUNG TO THE ASSAD REGIME BUT THE BISHOPS, IN PARTICULAR, HAVE CLUNG TO THE ASSAD REGIME BECAUSE IT'S PROTECTED THEM FOR HAVE CLUNG TO THE ASSAD REGIME BECAUSE IT'S PROTECTED THEM FOR SO MANY YEARS.

BECAUSE IT'S PROTECTED THEM FOR SO MANY YEARS.

>> IS THERE A CONCERN THAT SO MANY YEARS.

>> IS THERE A CONCERN THAT ACTING -- IF THE U.S. DID ACT, >> IS THERE A CONCERN THAT ACTING -- IF THE U.S. DID ACT, THAT IT COULD STOKE SOME OF ACTING -- IF THE U.S. DID ACT, THAT IT COULD STOKE SOME OF THOSE INTERRELIGIOUS TENSIONS?

THAT IT COULD STOKE SOME OF THOSE INTERRELIGIOUS TENSIONS?

>> OH, THERE'S A DEEP FEAR THAT THOSE INTERRELIGIOUS TENSIONS?

>> OH, THERE'S A DEEP FEAR THAT IF THE WEST INTERVENES, IT'LL BE >> OH, THERE'S A DEEP FEAR THAT IF THE WEST INTERVENES, IT'LL BE SEEN AS A CRUSADE OF CHRISTIANS IF THE WEST INTERVENES, IT'LL BE SEEN AS A CRUSADE OF CHRISTIANS AGAINST MUSLIMS.

SEEN AS A CRUSADE OF CHRISTIANS AGAINST MUSLIMS.

AND SO, YOU WOULD EXPECT THAT AL AGAINST MUSLIMS.

AND SO, YOU WOULD EXPECT THAT AL QAEDA AND OTHERS WOULD GO AFTER AND SO, YOU WOULD EXPECT THAT AL QAEDA AND OTHERS WOULD GO AFTER THE CHRISTIANS IN THE COUNTRY.

QAEDA AND OTHERS WOULD GO AFTER THE CHRISTIANS IN THE COUNTRY.

>> BUT FOR YOU, AGAIN, THE MOST THE CHRISTIANS IN THE COUNTRY.

>> BUT FOR YOU, AGAIN, THE MOST IMPORTANT REASON FOR YOUR >> BUT FOR YOU, AGAIN, THE MOST IMPORTANT REASON FOR YOUR OPPOSITION HAS TO DO WITH -- IMPORTANT REASON FOR YOUR OPPOSITION HAS TO DO WITH -- >> WITH THE NEED TO PROTECT THE OPPOSITION HAS TO DO WITH -- >> WITH THE NEED TO PROTECT THE PEOPLE IN WHATEVER WAYS WE CAN >> WITH THE NEED TO PROTECT THE PEOPLE IN WHATEVER WAYS WE CAN AND THAT ARE NOW PRACTICAL.

PEOPLE IN WHATEVER WAYS WE CAN AND THAT ARE NOW PRACTICAL.

>> AND DO YOU THINK THAT THERE AND THAT ARE NOW PRACTICAL.

>> AND DO YOU THINK THAT THERE IS -- THAT WE CAN DO THAT?

>> AND DO YOU THINK THAT THERE IS -- THAT WE CAN DO THAT?

>> I THINK THAT MEANS CAN BE IS -- THAT WE CAN DO THAT?

>> I THINK THAT MEANS CAN BE FOUND INTERNALLY THROUGH THE >> I THINK THAT MEANS CAN BE FOUND INTERNALLY THROUGH THE COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS, FOUND INTERNALLY THROUGH THE COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS, WHICH DOES THAT NORMALLY.

COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS, WHICH DOES THAT NORMALLY.

>> FATHER DREW CHRISTIANSEN, WHICH DOES THAT NORMALLY.

>> FATHER DREW CHRISTIANSEN, MANY THANKS TO YOU.

>> FATHER DREW CHRISTIANSEN, MANY THANKS TO YOU.

>> THANK YOU, BOB.

MANY THANKS TO YOU.

>> THANK YOU, BOB.

THANK YOU, KIM.

>> THANK YOU, BOB.

THANK YOU, KIM.

>>> THIS COMING WEEK, THE NATION THANK YOU, KIM.

>>> THIS COMING WEEK, THE NATION ONCE AGAIN MARKS THE ANNIVERSARY >>> THIS COMING WEEK, THE NATION ONCE AGAIN MARKS THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE 9/11 ATTACKS, WHICH LED ONCE AGAIN MARKS THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE 9/11 ATTACKS, WHICH LED TO THE WAR AGAINST TERROR.

OF THE 9/11 ATTACKS, WHICH LED TO THE WAR AGAINST TERROR.

ONE OF THE ONGOING LEGACIES OF TO THE WAR AGAINST TERROR.

ONE OF THE ONGOING LEGACIES OF THAT WAR IS THE DETENTION CENTER ONE OF THE ONGOING LEGACIES OF THAT WAR IS THE DETENTION CENTER AT GUANTANAMO BAY, CUBA, WHERE THAT WAR IS THE DETENTION CENTER AT GUANTANAMO BAY, CUBA, WHERE NEARLY 800 DETAINEES HAVE BEEN AT GUANTANAMO BAY, CUBA, WHERE NEARLY 800 DETAINEES HAVE BEEN INCARCERATED OVER THE LAST NEARLY 800 DETAINEES HAVE BEEN INCARCERATED OVER THE LAST DECADE.

INCARCERATED OVER THE LAST DECADE.

164 ARE STILL THERE.

DECADE.

164 ARE STILL THERE.

AMID ACCUSATIONS OF TORTURE AND 164 ARE STILL THERE.

AMID ACCUSATIONS OF TORTURE AND OTHER MISTREATMENT OF DETAINEES, AMID ACCUSATIONS OF TORTURE AND OTHER MISTREATMENT OF DETAINEES, THERE HAVE BEEN MANY CALLS FOR OTHER MISTREATMENT OF DETAINEES, THERE HAVE BEEN MANY CALLS FOR GITMO TO BE CLOSED.

THERE HAVE BEEN MANY CALLS FOR GITMO TO BE CLOSED.

BUT NO AGREEMENT ON HOW TO DO GITMO TO BE CLOSED.

BUT NO AGREEMENT ON HOW TO DO THAT.

BUT NO AGREEMENT ON HOW TO DO THAT.

KIM LAWTON HAS OUR SPECIAL THAT.

KIM LAWTON HAS OUR SPECIAL REPORT ON THE MANY MORAL ISSUES KIM LAWTON HAS OUR SPECIAL REPORT ON THE MANY MORAL ISSUES IN THE DEBATE.

REPORT ON THE MANY MORAL ISSUES IN THE DEBATE.

>> IN FRONT OF THE WHITE HOUSE, IN THE DEBATE.

>> IN FRONT OF THE WHITE HOUSE, PROTESTERS -- INCLUDING MANY >> IN FRONT OF THE WHITE HOUSE, PROTESTERS -- INCLUDING MANY PEOPLE OF FAITH -- HAVE GATHERED PROTESTERS -- INCLUDING MANY PEOPLE OF FAITH -- HAVE GATHERED TO URGE PRESIDENT OBAMA TO MAKE PEOPLE OF FAITH -- HAVE GATHERED TO URGE PRESIDENT OBAMA TO MAKE GOOD ON HIS PROMISE TO CLOSE THE TO URGE PRESIDENT OBAMA TO MAKE GOOD ON HIS PROMISE TO CLOSE THE GUANTANAMO BAY DETENTION CAMPS.

GOOD ON HIS PROMISE TO CLOSE THE GUANTANAMO BAY DETENTION CAMPS.

IN 2008, OBAMA SAID ONE OF HIS GUANTANAMO BAY DETENTION CAMPS.

IN 2008, OBAMA SAID ONE OF HIS FIRST ACTS AS PRESIDENT WOULD BE IN 2008, OBAMA SAID ONE OF HIS FIRST ACTS AS PRESIDENT WOULD BE TO SHUT GITMO DOWN ONCE AND FOR FIRST ACTS AS PRESIDENT WOULD BE TO SHUT GITMO DOWN ONCE AND FOR ALL.

TO SHUT GITMO DOWN ONCE AND FOR ALL.

BUT FIVE YEARS LATER, THE DEBATE ALL.

BUT FIVE YEARS LATER, THE DEBATE CONTINUES, IN PART BECAUSE OF BUT FIVE YEARS LATER, THE DEBATE CONTINUES, IN PART BECAUSE OF COMPLEX ETHICAL AND MORAL CONTINUES, IN PART BECAUSE OF COMPLEX ETHICAL AND MORAL QUESTIONS.

COMPLEX ETHICAL AND MORAL QUESTIONS.

>> GITMO HAS BEEN CALLED A LEGAL QUESTIONS.

>> GITMO HAS BEEN CALLED A LEGAL BLACK HOLE.

>> GITMO HAS BEEN CALLED A LEGAL BLACK HOLE.

BUT WHAT PEOPLE FORGET IS THAT BLACK HOLE.

BUT WHAT PEOPLE FORGET IS THAT IT'S ALSO A MORAL BLACK HOLE.

BUT WHAT PEOPLE FORGET IS THAT IT'S ALSO A MORAL BLACK HOLE.

>> THE DETENTION CENTER ON IT'S ALSO A MORAL BLACK HOLE.

>> THE DETENTION CENTER ON GUANTANAMO BAY WAS SET UP IN >> THE DETENTION CENTER ON GUANTANAMO BAY WAS SET UP IN JANUARY 2002 TO IMPRISON, GUANTANAMO BAY WAS SET UP IN JANUARY 2002 TO IMPRISON, INTERROGATE AND PROSECUTE PEOPLE JANUARY 2002 TO IMPRISON, INTERROGATE AND PROSECUTE PEOPLE CAPTURED IN THE WAR AGAINST INTERROGATE AND PROSECUTE PEOPLE CAPTURED IN THE WAR AGAINST TERROR.

CAPTURED IN THE WAR AGAINST TERROR.

IT WAS COMPLICATED FROM THE TERROR.

IT WAS COMPLICATED FROM THE START.

IT WAS COMPLICATED FROM THE START.

>> WE WERE NOT FIGHTING A START.

>> WE WERE NOT FIGHTING A SOVEREIGN STATE, WE WERE >> WE WERE NOT FIGHTING A SOVEREIGN STATE, WE WERE FIGHTING A TERRORIST SOVEREIGN STATE, WE WERE FIGHTING A TERRORIST ORGANIZATION, A NON-STATE ACTOR.

FIGHTING A TERRORIST ORGANIZATION, A NON-STATE ACTOR.

SO AT THE VERY ONSET THIS ORGANIZATION, A NON-STATE ACTOR.

SO AT THE VERY ONSET THIS BROUGHT UP ENORMOUS LEGAL AND SO AT THE VERY ONSET THIS BROUGHT UP ENORMOUS LEGAL AND MORAL QUESTIONS.

BROUGHT UP ENORMOUS LEGAL AND MORAL QUESTIONS.

>> RETIRED ARMY COLONEL JEFF MORAL QUESTIONS.

>> RETIRED ARMY COLONEL JEFF McCAUSLAND IS A PROFESSOR AT >> RETIRED ARMY COLONEL JEFF McCAUSLAND IS A PROFESSOR AT DICKINSON COLLEGE AND A NATIONAL McCAUSLAND IS A PROFESSOR AT DICKINSON COLLEGE AND A NATIONAL SECURITY CONSULTANT FOR CBS DICKINSON COLLEGE AND A NATIONAL SECURITY CONSULTANT FOR CBS NEWS.

SECURITY CONSULTANT FOR CBS NEWS.

>> THE DECISION WAS MADE TO NEWS.

>> THE DECISION WAS MADE TO DECIDE THAT THESE PEOPLE WOULD >> THE DECISION WAS MADE TO DECIDE THAT THESE PEOPLE WOULD BE ENEMY COMBATANTS AND DECIDE THAT THESE PEOPLE WOULD BE ENEMY COMBATANTS AND THEREFORE NOT NECESSARILY BE BE ENEMY COMBATANTS AND THEREFORE NOT NECESSARILY BE AFFORDED ALL THE RIGHTS UNDER THEREFORE NOT NECESSARILY BE AFFORDED ALL THE RIGHTS UNDER THE GENEVA CONVENTION.

AFFORDED ALL THE RIGHTS UNDER THE GENEVA CONVENTION.

THAT BEING SAID, THEY CERTAINLY THE GENEVA CONVENTION.

THAT BEING SAID, THEY CERTAINLY HAD THE RIGHT TO BE PROTECTED THAT BEING SAID, THEY CERTAINLY HAD THE RIGHT TO BE PROTECTED AND SAFEGUARDED WHEN THEY WERE HAD THE RIGHT TO BE PROTECTED AND SAFEGUARDED WHEN THEY WERE IN OUR HANDS.

AND SAFEGUARDED WHEN THEY WERE IN OUR HANDS.

>> BUT MANY SAY THAT WAS NOT THE IN OUR HANDS.

>> BUT MANY SAY THAT WAS NOT THE CASE.

>> BUT MANY SAY THAT WAS NOT THE CASE.

>> THEY'VE BEEN SUBJECTED TO CASE.

>> THEY'VE BEEN SUBJECTED TO WHAT WE NOW KNOW ARE TORTURE >> THEY'VE BEEN SUBJECTED TO WHAT WE NOW KNOW ARE TORTURE TECHNIQUES.

WHAT WE NOW KNOW ARE TORTURE TECHNIQUES.

>> NANCY SHERMAN IS PROFESSOR OF TECHNIQUES.

>> NANCY SHERMAN IS PROFESSOR OF PHILOSOPHY AT GEORGETOWN >> NANCY SHERMAN IS PROFESSOR OF PHILOSOPHY AT GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY AND AUTHOR OF THE PHILOSOPHY AT GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY AND AUTHOR OF THE BOOK "THE UNTOLD WAR."

UNIVERSITY AND AUTHOR OF THE BOOK "THE UNTOLD WAR."

>> I DON'T THINK ANYONE HAD BOOK "THE UNTOLD WAR."

>> I DON'T THINK ANYONE HAD VISIONS THAT IT WOULD GO ON FOR >> I DON'T THINK ANYONE HAD VISIONS THAT IT WOULD GO ON FOR SO LONG OR THAT THE CONDITIONS VISIONS THAT IT WOULD GO ON FOR SO LONG OR THAT THE CONDITIONS WOULD BE AS ABUSIVE AS THEY HAD SO LONG OR THAT THE CONDITIONS WOULD BE AS ABUSIVE AS THEY HAD TURNED OUT TO BE.

WOULD BE AS ABUSIVE AS THEY HAD TURNED OUT TO BE.

>> McCAUSLAND, WHO IS A SENIOR TURNED OUT TO BE.

>> McCAUSLAND, WHO IS A SENIOR FELLOW AT THE CARNEGIE COUNCIL >> McCAUSLAND, WHO IS A SENIOR FELLOW AT THE CARNEGIE COUNCIL FOR ETHICS IN INTERNATIONAL FELLOW AT THE CARNEGIE COUNCIL FOR ETHICS IN INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, AGREES THAT SOME OF THE FOR ETHICS IN INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, AGREES THAT SOME OF THE ACTIONS TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO THE AFFAIRS, AGREES THAT SOME OF THE ACTIONS TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO THE SEPTEMBER 11th ATTACKS VIOLATED ACTIONS TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO THE SEPTEMBER 11th ATTACKS VIOLATED U.S.

VALUES.

SEPTEMBER 11th ATTACKS VIOLATED U.S.

VALUES.

>> THE GOVERNMENT HAS GONE U.S.

VALUES.

>> THE GOVERNMENT HAS GONE THROUGH A LONG AND DRAWN-OUT >> THE GOVERNMENT HAS GONE THROUGH A LONG AND DRAWN-OUT PROCESS IN TRYING TO IDENTIFY AS THROUGH A LONG AND DRAWN-OUT PROCESS IN TRYING TO IDENTIFY AS CLEAR A FASHION AS POSSIBLE WHAT PROCESS IN TRYING TO IDENTIFY AS CLEAR A FASHION AS POSSIBLE WHAT TECHNIQUES CAN BE EMPLOYED CLEAR A FASHION AS POSSIBLE WHAT TECHNIQUES CAN BE EMPLOYED LEGALLY TO INTERROGATE TECHNIQUES CAN BE EMPLOYED LEGALLY TO INTERROGATE PRISONERS.

LEGALLY TO INTERROGATE PRISONERS.

AND WE KNOW THOSE NORMS ARE NOW PRISONERS.

AND WE KNOW THOSE NORMS ARE NOW ESTABLISHED AND THEY'RE A LOT AND WE KNOW THOSE NORMS ARE NOW ESTABLISHED AND THEY'RE A LOT MORE STRINGENT THAN THEY WERE AT ESTABLISHED AND THEY'RE A LOT MORE STRINGENT THAN THEY WERE AT THE ONSET OF THIS CONFLICT IN MORE STRINGENT THAN THEY WERE AT THE ONSET OF THIS CONFLICT IN 2001.

THE ONSET OF THIS CONFLICT IN 2001.

>> TRADITIONALLY, PRISONERS OF 2001.

>> TRADITIONALLY, PRISONERS OF WAR HAVE BEEN RELEASED AT THE >> TRADITIONALLY, PRISONERS OF WAR HAVE BEEN RELEASED AT THE CESSATION OF HOSTILITIES.

WAR HAVE BEEN RELEASED AT THE CESSATION OF HOSTILITIES.

BUT THIS CONFLICT HAS NOW CESSATION OF HOSTILITIES.

BUT THIS CONFLICT HAS NOW EXTENDED LONGER THAN ANY WAR IN BUT THIS CONFLICT HAS NOW EXTENDED LONGER THAN ANY WAR IN AMERICAN HISTORY.

EXTENDED LONGER THAN ANY WAR IN AMERICAN HISTORY.

>> THE BIG MORAL PRINCIPLE THAT AMERICAN HISTORY.

>> THE BIG MORAL PRINCIPLE THAT WE HAVE TO WRESTLE WITH IS THIS >> THE BIG MORAL PRINCIPLE THAT WE HAVE TO WRESTLE WITH IS THIS QUESTION OF, YOU KNOW, WHEN IS WE HAVE TO WRESTLE WITH IS THIS QUESTION OF, YOU KNOW, WHEN IS THE WAR OVER?

QUESTION OF, YOU KNOW, WHEN IS THE WAR OVER?

AND SADLY, I DON'T SEE THAT THE WAR OVER?

AND SADLY, I DON'T SEE THAT OCCURRING IN MY LIFETIME.

AND SADLY, I DON'T SEE THAT OCCURRING IN MY LIFETIME.

AND SADLY, I DON'T SEE THAT OCCURRING IN MY LIFETIME.

AND SADLY, I DON'T SEE THAT OCCURRING IN THE LIFETIME OF AND SADLY, I DON'T SEE THAT OCCURRING IN THE LIFETIME OF THOSE BEING DETAINED AT OCCURRING IN THE LIFETIME OF THOSE BEING DETAINED AT GUANTANAMO.

THOSE BEING DETAINED AT GUANTANAMO.

>> McCAUSLAND AGREES GUANTANAMO GUANTANAMO.

>> McCAUSLAND AGREES GUANTANAMO SHOULD ULTIMATELY BE CLOSED.

>> McCAUSLAND AGREES GUANTANAMO SHOULD ULTIMATELY BE CLOSED.

BUT HE SAYS THERE ARE MANY SHOULD ULTIMATELY BE CLOSED.

BUT HE SAYS THERE ARE MANY REASONS WHY THAT CAN'T BE DONE BUT HE SAYS THERE ARE MANY REASONS WHY THAT CAN'T BE DONE IMMEDIATELY.

REASONS WHY THAT CAN'T BE DONE IMMEDIATELY.

CONGRESS HAS PLACED WIDE-RANGING IMMEDIATELY.

CONGRESS HAS PLACED WIDE-RANGING RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFERRING CONGRESS HAS PLACED WIDE-RANGING RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFERRING GITMO DETAINEES TO THE U.S. OR RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFERRING GITMO DETAINEES TO THE U.S. OR OTHER FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

GITMO DETAINEES TO THE U.S. OR OTHER FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS HAVE BEEN OTHER FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS HAVE BEEN MOVING FORWARD SLOWLY FOR SOME LEGAL PROCEEDINGS HAVE BEEN MOVING FORWARD SLOWLY FOR SOME OF THE REMAINING 164 DETAINEES.

MOVING FORWARD SLOWLY FOR SOME OF THE REMAINING 164 DETAINEES.

A LARGE NUMBER HAVE BEEN CLEARED OF THE REMAINING 164 DETAINEES.

A LARGE NUMBER HAVE BEEN CLEARED FOR RELEASE OR TRANSFER, BUT IN A LARGE NUMBER HAVE BEEN CLEARED FOR RELEASE OR TRANSFER, BUT IN SOME CASES THEIR HOME COUNTRIES FOR RELEASE OR TRANSFER, BUT IN SOME CASES THEIR HOME COUNTRIES DON'T WANT THEM BACK.

SOME CASES THEIR HOME COUNTRIES DON'T WANT THEM BACK.

IN OTHER CASES, THE U.S. SAYS IT DON'T WANT THEM BACK.

IN OTHER CASES, THE U.S. SAYS IT FEARS FOR THEIR SAFETY UPON IN OTHER CASES, THE U.S. SAYS IT FEARS FOR THEIR SAFETY UPON THEIR RETURN.

FEARS FOR THEIR SAFETY UPON THEIR RETURN.

ABOVE ALL, McCAUSLAND SAYS, THEIR RETURN.

ABOVE ALL, McCAUSLAND SAYS, THE U.S. HAS AN OBLIGATION TO ABOVE ALL, McCAUSLAND SAYS, THE U.S. HAS AN OBLIGATION TO ENSURE THAT THE DETAINEES DO NOT THE U.S. HAS AN OBLIGATION TO ENSURE THAT THE DETAINEES DO NOT POSE A THREAT.

ENSURE THAT THE DETAINEES DO NOT POSE A THREAT.

>> EVEN IF THEY APPEARED IN POSE A THREAT.

>> EVEN IF THEY APPEARED IN FRONT OF A MILITARY COMMISSION, >> EVEN IF THEY APPEARED IN FRONT OF A MILITARY COMMISSION, THAT PROCESS CONTINUED AND THEY FRONT OF A MILITARY COMMISSION, THAT PROCESS CONTINUED AND THEY WERE FOUND NOT GUILTY OF THE THAT PROCESS CONTINUED AND THEY WERE FOUND NOT GUILTY OF THE CRIMINAL ACT, THEY COULD STILL WERE FOUND NOT GUILTY OF THE CRIMINAL ACT, THEY COULD STILL FRANKLY BE RETAINED INDEFINITELY CRIMINAL ACT, THEY COULD STILL FRANKLY BE RETAINED INDEFINITELY BECAUSE THEY ARE AN ENEMY FRANKLY BE RETAINED INDEFINITELY BECAUSE THEY ARE AN ENEMY COMBATANT.

BECAUSE THEY ARE AN ENEMY COMBATANT.

IF WE RELEASED THEM ALL TOMORROW COMBATANT.

IF WE RELEASED THEM ALL TOMORROW BECAUSE WE'VE HELD THEM NOW FOR IF WE RELEASED THEM ALL TOMORROW BECAUSE WE'VE HELD THEM NOW FOR A LONG PERIOD OF TIME, HOW MANY BECAUSE WE'VE HELD THEM NOW FOR A LONG PERIOD OF TIME, HOW MANY OF THEM WOULD IMMEDIATELY GO A LONG PERIOD OF TIME, HOW MANY OF THEM WOULD IMMEDIATELY GO BACK TO THE FIGHT?

OF THEM WOULD IMMEDIATELY GO BACK TO THE FIGHT?

>> WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND WHAT BACK TO THE FIGHT?

>> WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND WHAT DETENTION CENTERS OF THAT SORT >> WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND WHAT DETENTION CENTERS OF THAT SORT DO TO THE MORAL FABRIC AND DETENTION CENTERS OF THAT SORT DO TO THE MORAL FABRIC AND PSYCHIC FABRIC OF A SOUL.

DO TO THE MORAL FABRIC AND PSYCHIC FABRIC OF A SOUL.

THEY ARE KILLING.

PSYCHIC FABRIC OF A SOUL.

THEY ARE KILLING.

>> FOR MANY, INCLUDING IN THE THEY ARE KILLING.

>> FOR MANY, INCLUDING IN THE FAITH COMMUNITY, GITMO CONTINUES >> FOR MANY, INCLUDING IN THE FAITH COMMUNITY, GITMO CONTINUES TO BE A BLOT ON U.S.

MORAL FAITH COMMUNITY, GITMO CONTINUES TO BE A BLOT ON U.S.

MORAL AUTHORITY AROUND THE WORLD.

TO BE A BLOT ON U.S.

MORAL AUTHORITY AROUND THE WORLD.

>> I CAN'T OVERSTATE THE POWER AUTHORITY AROUND THE WORLD.

>> I CAN'T OVERSTATE THE POWER THAT THE SYMBOL OF GUANTANAMO >> I CAN'T OVERSTATE THE POWER THAT THE SYMBOL OF GUANTANAMO HAS HAD FOR THE REST OF THE THAT THE SYMBOL OF GUANTANAMO HAS HAD FOR THE REST OF THE WORLD.

HAS HAD FOR THE REST OF THE WORLD.

PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN WORLD.

PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN INTERROGATORS HAVE SAID THAT PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN INTERROGATORS HAVE SAID THAT PROBABLY IT'S GUANTANAMO AND INTERROGATORS HAVE SAID THAT PROBABLY IT'S GUANTANAMO AND TORTURE THAT HAVE MOTIVATED MORE PROBABLY IT'S GUANTANAMO AND TORTURE THAT HAVE MOTIVATED MORE PEOPLE TO JOIN AL QAEDA.

TORTURE THAT HAVE MOTIVATED MORE PEOPLE TO JOIN AL QAEDA.

>> THIS SUMMER, THE NATIONAL PEOPLE TO JOIN AL QAEDA.

>> THIS SUMMER, THE NATIONAL RELIGIOUS CAMPAIGN AGAINST >> THIS SUMMER, THE NATIONAL RELIGIOUS CAMPAIGN AGAINST TORTURE SPONSORED AN INTERFAITH RELIGIOUS CAMPAIGN AGAINST TORTURE SPONSORED AN INTERFAITH FAST AND PRAYER CAMPAIGN TORTURE SPONSORED AN INTERFAITH FAST AND PRAYER CAMPAIGN ADVOCATING THAT GUANTANAMO BE FAST AND PRAYER CAMPAIGN ADVOCATING THAT GUANTANAMO BE CLOSED.

ADVOCATING THAT GUANTANAMO BE CLOSED.

FAITH LEADERS, INCLUDING A CLOSED.

FAITH LEADERS, INCLUDING A REPRESENTATIVE OF THE FAITH LEADERS, INCLUDING A REPRESENTATIVE OF THE U.S. CATHOLIC BISHOPS, CONDEMNED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE U.S. CATHOLIC BISHOPS, CONDEMNED THE FACT THAT DETAINEES HAVE U.S. CATHOLIC BISHOPS, CONDEMNED THE FACT THAT DETAINEES HAVE BEEN HELD FOR YEARS WITHOUT THE FACT THAT DETAINEES HAVE BEEN HELD FOR YEARS WITHOUT TRIAL OR CHARGE.

BEEN HELD FOR YEARS WITHOUT TRIAL OR CHARGE.

>> THE INDEFINITE DETENTION OF TRIAL OR CHARGE.

>> THE INDEFINITE DETENTION OF DETAINEES IS NOT ONLY INJURIOUS >> THE INDEFINITE DETENTION OF DETAINEES IS NOT ONLY INJURIOUS TO THOSE INDIVIDUALS, IT ALSO DETAINEES IS NOT ONLY INJURIOUS TO THOSE INDIVIDUALS, IT ALSO WOUNDS THE MORAL REPUTATION OF TO THOSE INDIVIDUALS, IT ALSO WOUNDS THE MORAL REPUTATION OF OUR NATION.

WOUNDS THE MORAL REPUTATION OF OUR NATION.

>> LIKE MANY AMERICANS, OUR NATION.

>> LIKE MANY AMERICANS, ANNE-MARIE DREW IS TORN ABOUT >> LIKE MANY AMERICANS, ANNE-MARIE DREW IS TORN ABOUT WHAT SHOULD HAPPEN TO GITMO NOW.

ANNE-MARIE DREW IS TORN ABOUT WHAT SHOULD HAPPEN TO GITMO NOW.

AS AN ENGLISH PROFESSOR AT THE WHAT SHOULD HAPPEN TO GITMO NOW.

AS AN ENGLISH PROFESSOR AT THE U.S.

NAVAL ACADEMY, SHE KNOWS AS AN ENGLISH PROFESSOR AT THE U.S.

NAVAL ACADEMY, SHE KNOWS MANY PEOPLE INVOLVED WITH GITMO, U.S.

NAVAL ACADEMY, SHE KNOWS MANY PEOPLE INVOLVED WITH GITMO, AND AS A COMMITTED CATHOLIC, SHE MANY PEOPLE INVOLVED WITH GITMO, AND AS A COMMITTED CATHOLIC, SHE WORRIES ABOUT THE MORAL AND AS A COMMITTED CATHOLIC, SHE WORRIES ABOUT THE MORAL IMPLICATIONS.

WORRIES ABOUT THE MORAL IMPLICATIONS.

THROUGH SOME OF HER MILITARY IMPLICATIONS.

THROUGH SOME OF HER MILITARY CONNECTIONS, DREW HAD THE THROUGH SOME OF HER MILITARY CONNECTIONS, DREW HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO VISIT GITMO IN CONNECTIONS, DREW HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO VISIT GITMO IN 2009.

OPPORTUNITY TO VISIT GITMO IN 2009.

>> I WAS STARTLED BY HOW 2009.

>> I WAS STARTLED BY HOW CIVILIZED IT WAS AND HOW >> I WAS STARTLED BY HOW CIVILIZED IT WAS AND HOW TERRIFYING AT THE SAME TIME.

CIVILIZED IT WAS AND HOW TERRIFYING AT THE SAME TIME.

>> SHE RECALLS ONE INSTANCE OF TERRIFYING AT THE SAME TIME.

>> SHE RECALLS ONE INSTANCE OF SEEING FIVE DETAINEES IN A ROW.

>> SHE RECALLS ONE INSTANCE OF SEEING FIVE DETAINEES IN A ROW.

>> THE FIRST ONE LOOKED AT ME SEEING FIVE DETAINEES IN A ROW.

>> THE FIRST ONE LOOKED AT ME WITH MORE HATRED THAN ANYONE HAS >> THE FIRST ONE LOOKED AT ME WITH MORE HATRED THAN ANYONE HAS EVER LOOKED AT ME IN MY ENTIRE WITH MORE HATRED THAN ANYONE HAS EVER LOOKED AT ME IN MY ENTIRE LIFE.

EVER LOOKED AT ME IN MY ENTIRE LIFE.

AND THE NEXT MAN GAVE ME THE LIFE.

AND THE NEXT MAN GAVE ME THE FINGER, AGAIN MORE RUDELY THAN AND THE NEXT MAN GAVE ME THE FINGER, AGAIN MORE RUDELY THAN ANYBODY HAS EVER DONE THAT.

FINGER, AGAIN MORE RUDELY THAN ANYBODY HAS EVER DONE THAT.

THE NEXT TWO WERE DOING THIS AS ANYBODY HAS EVER DONE THAT.

THE NEXT TWO WERE DOING THIS AS IF TO SAY, "DON'T BELIEVE THE NEXT TWO WERE DOING THIS AS IF TO SAY, "DON'T BELIEVE ANYTHING YOU HEAR.

IF TO SAY, "DON'T BELIEVE ANYTHING YOU HEAR.

DON'T -- IT'S REALLY BAD."

ANYTHING YOU HEAR.

DON'T -- IT'S REALLY BAD."

IT'S AS IF THAT'S WHAT THEY WERE DON'T -- IT'S REALLY BAD."

IT'S AS IF THAT'S WHAT THEY WERE SAYING.

IT'S AS IF THAT'S WHAT THEY WERE SAYING.

AND THE LAST MAN, WHOSE FACE SAYING.

AND THE LAST MAN, WHOSE FACE STILL HAUNTS ME, LOOKED AT ME AND THE LAST MAN, WHOSE FACE STILL HAUNTS ME, LOOKED AT ME WITH THE DEAREST, MOST HUMAN STILL HAUNTS ME, LOOKED AT ME WITH THE DEAREST, MOST HUMAN LOOK, AND IF I COULD HAVE READ WITH THE DEAREST, MOST HUMAN LOOK, AND IF I COULD HAVE READ HIS FACE, I WOULD HAVE SAID THAT LOOK, AND IF I COULD HAVE READ HIS FACE, I WOULD HAVE SAID THAT HE WAS JUST SAYING, "TELL THEM HIS FACE, I WOULD HAVE SAID THAT HE WAS JUST SAYING, "TELL THEM THAT YOU SAW ME."

HE WAS JUST SAYING, "TELL THEM THAT YOU SAW ME."

>> WHEN YOU HEAR THE NARRATIVES THAT YOU SAW ME."

>> WHEN YOU HEAR THE NARRATIVES AND THE STORIES AND TRY TO PIECE >> WHEN YOU HEAR THE NARRATIVES AND THE STORIES AND TRY TO PIECE TOGETHER WHAT SOME OF THE CASES AND THE STORIES AND TRY TO PIECE TOGETHER WHAT SOME OF THE CASES ARE LIKE, YOU REALIZE THAT TOGETHER WHAT SOME OF THE CASES ARE LIKE, YOU REALIZE THAT THERE'S LOTS AND LOTS OF SHADES ARE LIKE, YOU REALIZE THAT THERE'S LOTS AND LOTS OF SHADES OF GRAY.

THERE'S LOTS AND LOTS OF SHADES OF GRAY.

HOW GENERIC WE VIEW GUANTANAMO, OF GRAY.

HOW GENERIC WE VIEW GUANTANAMO, THE WORST OF THE WORST IS THAT HOW GENERIC WE VIEW GUANTANAMO, THE WORST OF THE WORST IS THAT PHRASE, IT ISN'T LIKE THAT.

THE WORST OF THE WORST IS THAT PHRASE, IT ISN'T LIKE THAT.

IT'S VERY, VERY MIXED.

PHRASE, IT ISN'T LIKE THAT.

IT'S VERY, VERY MIXED.

>> AMID THE STALEMATE, MANY IT'S VERY, VERY MIXED.

>> AMID THE STALEMATE, MANY DETAINEES HAVE BEEN WAGING >> AMID THE STALEMATE, MANY DETAINEES HAVE BEEN WAGING HUNGER STRIKES.

DETAINEES HAVE BEEN WAGING HUNGER STRIKES.

IN RESPONSE, CAMP OFFICIALS HAVE HUNGER STRIKES.

IN RESPONSE, CAMP OFFICIALS HAVE BEEN FORCE-FEEDING THEM WITH IN RESPONSE, CAMP OFFICIALS HAVE BEEN FORCE-FEEDING THEM WITH LIQUID NUTRIENTS ADMINISTERED BEEN FORCE-FEEDING THEM WITH LIQUID NUTRIENTS ADMINISTERED THROUGH NASAL TUBES.

LIQUID NUTRIENTS ADMINISTERED THROUGH NASAL TUBES.

>> THIS IS A MATTER OF THROUGH NASAL TUBES.

>> THIS IS A MATTER OF SAFEGUARDING AN INDIVIDUAL WHO >> THIS IS A MATTER OF SAFEGUARDING AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS INCARCERATED.

SAFEGUARDING AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS INCARCERATED.

YOU KNOW, AND THE SAME, THAT IS INCARCERATED.

YOU KNOW, AND THE SAME, THAT WOULD HOLD TRUE, IT SEEMS TO ME YOU KNOW, AND THE SAME, THAT WOULD HOLD TRUE, IT SEEMS TO ME AT LEAST, WHETHER THAT WAS AN WOULD HOLD TRUE, IT SEEMS TO ME AT LEAST, WHETHER THAT WAS AN ENEMY COMBATANT, A PRISONER OF AT LEAST, WHETHER THAT WAS AN ENEMY COMBATANT, A PRISONER OF WAR, OR A GUY IN FEDERAL PRISON.

ENEMY COMBATANT, A PRISONER OF WAR, OR A GUY IN FEDERAL PRISON.

>> BUT MEN BELIEVE FORCE-FEEDING WAR, OR A GUY IN FEDERAL PRISON.

>> BUT MEN BELIEVE FORCE-FEEDING VIOLATES THE DETAINEES' HUMAN >> BUT MEN BELIEVE FORCE-FEEDING VIOLATES THE DETAINEES' HUMAN RIGHTS.

VIOLATES THE DETAINEES' HUMAN RIGHTS.

>> THE WORLD MEDICAL ASSOCIATION RIGHTS.

>> THE WORLD MEDICAL ASSOCIATION VIEWS FORCED FEEDING AS AKIN TO >> THE WORLD MEDICAL ASSOCIATION VIEWS FORCED FEEDING AS AKIN TO THE USE OF HUMAN BEINGS IN VIEWS FORCED FEEDING AS AKIN TO THE USE OF HUMAN BEINGS IN EXPERIMENTS.

THE USE OF HUMAN BEINGS IN EXPERIMENTS.

IT'S AN ABUSE.

EXPERIMENTS.

IT'S AN ABUSE.

HUNGER STRIKING IS ONE OF THE IT'S AN ABUSE.

HUNGER STRIKING IS ONE OF THE FEW THINGS YOU CAN DO TO CONTROL HUNGER STRIKING IS ONE OF THE FEW THINGS YOU CAN DO TO CONTROL WHAT GOES IN YOUR BODY AND HOW FEW THINGS YOU CAN DO TO CONTROL WHAT GOES IN YOUR BODY AND HOW YOU TAKE CARE OF YOUR BODY.

WHAT GOES IN YOUR BODY AND HOW YOU TAKE CARE OF YOUR BODY.

>> DREW SAYS DURING HER VISIT, YOU TAKE CARE OF YOUR BODY.

>> DREW SAYS DURING HER VISIT, GITMO OFFICIALS EXPLAINED HOW >> DREW SAYS DURING HER VISIT, GITMO OFFICIALS EXPLAINED HOW THEY TRY TO BE COMPASSIONATE AND GITMO OFFICIALS EXPLAINED HOW THEY TRY TO BE COMPASSIONATE AND HUMANE IN THE FORCE FEEDING.

THEY TRY TO BE COMPASSIONATE AND HUMANE IN THE FORCE FEEDING.

SHE WAS NOT CONVINCED.

HUMANE IN THE FORCE FEEDING.

SHE WAS NOT CONVINCED.

>> THE FORCE FEEDING STRIKES ME SHE WAS NOT CONVINCED.

>> THE FORCE FEEDING STRIKES ME AS ABSOLUTELY CRUEL AND >> THE FORCE FEEDING STRIKES ME AS ABSOLUTELY CRUEL AND DREADFUL.

AS ABSOLUTELY CRUEL AND DREADFUL.

AND SOMEONE SNAPPED AT ME, DREADFUL.

AND SOMEONE SNAPPED AT ME, "WELL, WHAT ARE WE SUPPOSED TO AND SOMEONE SNAPPED AT ME, "WELL, WHAT ARE WE SUPPOSED TO DO, LET THEM STARVE TO DEATH?"

"WELL, WHAT ARE WE SUPPOSED TO DO, LET THEM STARVE TO DEATH?"

AND MY SHORT ANSWER TO THAT DO, LET THEM STARVE TO DEATH?"

AND MY SHORT ANSWER TO THAT WOULD BE, "YES."

AND MY SHORT ANSWER TO THAT WOULD BE, "YES."

THEY'RE PRISONERS, BUT THAT WOULD BE, "YES."

THEY'RE PRISONERS, BUT THAT DOESN'T MEAN THAT THEY'VE GIVEN THEY'RE PRISONERS, BUT THAT DOESN'T MEAN THAT THEY'VE GIVEN UP EVERY RIGHT THAT THEY HAVE AS DOESN'T MEAN THAT THEY'VE GIVEN UP EVERY RIGHT THAT THEY HAVE AS A HUMAN BEING.

UP EVERY RIGHT THAT THEY HAVE AS A HUMAN BEING.

>> DREW SAYS SHE ALSO CAME AWAY A HUMAN BEING.

>> DREW SAYS SHE ALSO CAME AWAY CONCERNED FOR THE U.S.

TROOPS >> DREW SAYS SHE ALSO CAME AWAY CONCERNED FOR THE U.S.

TROOPS WHO SERVE AT GITMO.

CONCERNED FOR THE U.S.

TROOPS WHO SERVE AT GITMO.

>> TROOPERS WHO GUARD THE WHO SERVE AT GITMO.

>> TROOPERS WHO GUARD THE INMATES, THE DETAINEES, BEFORE >> TROOPERS WHO GUARD THE INMATES, THE DETAINEES, BEFORE THEY WALK INTO THE DETAINEE INMATES, THE DETAINEES, BEFORE THEY WALK INTO THE DETAINEE CELLS, PUT ON LATEX GLOVES AND THEY WALK INTO THE DETAINEE CELLS, PUT ON LATEX GLOVES AND PROTECTIVE HEADGEAR, BECAUSE THE CELLS, PUT ON LATEX GLOVES AND PROTECTIVE HEADGEAR, BECAUSE THE DETAINEES SAVE UP FECES, URINE, PROTECTIVE HEADGEAR, BECAUSE THE DETAINEES SAVE UP FECES, URINE, SPITTLE AND SPERM.

DETAINEES SAVE UP FECES, URINE, SPITTLE AND SPERM.

THEY MAKE IT INTO A COCKTAIL AND SPITTLE AND SPERM.

THEY MAKE IT INTO A COCKTAIL AND THEY THROW IT AT THE TROOPERS THEY MAKE IT INTO A COCKTAIL AND THEY THROW IT AT THE TROOPERS WHEN THEY COME IN.

THEY THROW IT AT THE TROOPERS WHEN THEY COME IN.

NOW, THERE'S NO EASY SPIN TO PUT WHEN THEY COME IN.

NOW, THERE'S NO EASY SPIN TO PUT ON THAT.

NOW, THERE'S NO EASY SPIN TO PUT ON THAT.

THAT IS DESPICABLE BEHAVIOR.

ON THAT.

THAT IS DESPICABLE BEHAVIOR.

>> IN ADDITION TO U.S.

TROOPS, THAT IS DESPICABLE BEHAVIOR.

>> IN ADDITION TO U.S.

TROOPS, SHERMAN SAYS BEING PART OF >> IN ADDITION TO U.S.

TROOPS, SHERMAN SAYS BEING PART OF GUANTANAMO HAS HAD A MORAL SHERMAN SAYS BEING PART OF GUANTANAMO HAS HAD A MORAL IMPACT ON A HUGE NETWORK OF GUANTANAMO HAS HAD A MORAL IMPACT ON A HUGE NETWORK OF AMERICANS, INCLUDING IMPACT ON A HUGE NETWORK OF AMERICANS, INCLUDING CONTRACTORS, MEDICAL PERSONNEL AMERICANS, INCLUDING CONTRACTORS, MEDICAL PERSONNEL AND LAWYERS.

CONTRACTORS, MEDICAL PERSONNEL AND LAWYERS.

>> YOU CAN BE AT THE TAIL END OR AND LAWYERS.

>> YOU CAN BE AT THE TAIL END OR IN THE CENTER, BUT IT REQUIRES >> YOU CAN BE AT THE TAIL END OR IN THE CENTER, BUT IT REQUIRES THE WHOLE SYSTEM AND I THINK IN THE CENTER, BUT IT REQUIRES THE WHOLE SYSTEM AND I THINK THAT'S WHY IT'S SO INSIDIOUS, THE WHOLE SYSTEM AND I THINK THAT'S WHY IT'S SO INSIDIOUS, THAT IT HAS A WHOLE MEZZO, THAT'S WHY IT'S SO INSIDIOUS, THAT IT HAS A WHOLE MEZZO, MIDDLE LEVEL OF WORKERS WHO PUT THAT IT HAS A WHOLE MEZZO, MIDDLE LEVEL OF WORKERS WHO PUT IT IN PLACE.

MIDDLE LEVEL OF WORKERS WHO PUT IT IN PLACE.

AND YOU REALLY NEED DIRECTION IT IN PLACE.

AND YOU REALLY NEED DIRECTION AND COMMAND FROM THE TOP IN AND YOU REALLY NEED DIRECTION AND COMMAND FROM THE TOP IN ORDER TO UNDO IT.

AND COMMAND FROM THE TOP IN ORDER TO UNDO IT.

>> AFTER VISITING AND WRESTLING ORDER TO UNDO IT.

>> AFTER VISITING AND WRESTLING OVER GUANTANAMO FOR YEARS, DREW >> AFTER VISITING AND WRESTLING OVER GUANTANAMO FOR YEARS, DREW SAYS THERE ARE NO EASY ANSWERS.

OVER GUANTANAMO FOR YEARS, DREW SAYS THERE ARE NO EASY ANSWERS.

>> THE ONLY THING I COME UP WITH SAYS THERE ARE NO EASY ANSWERS.

>> THE ONLY THING I COME UP WITH IS THIS OVERWHELMING SENSE OF >> THE ONLY THING I COME UP WITH IS THIS OVERWHELMING SENSE OF SORROW.

IS THIS OVERWHELMING SENSE OF SORROW.

AND THAT'S NOT A SOLUTION, SORROW.

AND THAT'S NOT A SOLUTION, THAT'S NOT A POLITICAL AND THAT'S NOT A SOLUTION, THAT'S NOT A POLITICAL STATEMENT.

THAT'S NOT A POLITICAL STATEMENT.

THAT'S HOW IT WASHES OVER MY STATEMENT.

THAT'S HOW IT WASHES OVER MY SPIRIT, THAT THERE'S JUST THAT'S HOW IT WASHES OVER MY SPIRIT, THAT THERE'S JUST SUFFERING ALL AROUND DOWN THERE.

SPIRIT, THAT THERE'S JUST SUFFERING ALL AROUND DOWN THERE.

ALL AROUND.

SUFFERING ALL AROUND DOWN THERE.

ALL AROUND.

>> IT'S KIND OF A MORAL ABYSS.

ALL AROUND.

>> IT'S KIND OF A MORAL ABYSS.

AND I THINK THERE IS DEFINITELY >> IT'S KIND OF A MORAL ABYSS.

AND I THINK THERE IS DEFINITELY WAR FATIGUE, AND THE NATIONAL AND I THINK THERE IS DEFINITELY WAR FATIGUE, AND THE NATIONAL PUBLIC INTEREST HAS DEADENED A WAR FATIGUE, AND THE NATIONAL PUBLIC INTEREST HAS DEADENED A BIT TO THE ISSUES THAT ARE PUBLIC INTEREST HAS DEADENED A BIT TO THE ISSUES THAT ARE ALIVE.

BIT TO THE ISSUES THAT ARE ALIVE.

BUT IT'S NOT ONE THAT SHOULD BE ALIVE.

BUT IT'S NOT ONE THAT SHOULD BE IGNORED.

BUT IT'S NOT ONE THAT SHOULD BE IGNORED.

>> AND AS THE POLITICAL DEBATE IGNORED.

>> AND AS THE POLITICAL DEBATE CONTINUES, PEOPLE ON ALL SIDES >> AND AS THE POLITICAL DEBATE CONTINUES, PEOPLE ON ALL SIDES SAY THE MORAL QUESTIONS MUST CONTINUES, PEOPLE ON ALL SIDES SAY THE MORAL QUESTIONS MUST ALSO BE ADDRESSED.

SAY THE MORAL QUESTIONS MUST ALSO BE ADDRESSED.

I'M KIM LAWTON REPORTING.

ALSO BE ADDRESSED.

I'M KIM LAWTON REPORTING.

>>> IN OTHER NEWS, POPE FRANCIS I'M KIM LAWTON REPORTING.

>>> IN OTHER NEWS, POPE FRANCIS THIS WEEK NAMED A NEW VATICAN >>> IN OTHER NEWS, POPE FRANCIS THIS WEEK NAMED A NEW VATICAN SECRETARY OF STATE, THE SECOND THIS WEEK NAMED A NEW VATICAN SECRETARY OF STATE, THE SECOND HIGHEST POSITION IN THE VATICAN SECRETARY OF STATE, THE SECOND HIGHEST POSITION IN THE VATICAN AFTER THE POPE.

HIGHEST POSITION IN THE VATICAN AFTER THE POPE.

FRANCIS CHOSE ITALIAN ARCHBISHOP AFTER THE POPE.

FRANCIS CHOSE ITALIAN ARCHBISHOP PIETRO PAROLIN, A LONGTIME FRANCIS CHOSE ITALIAN ARCHBISHOP PIETRO PAROLIN, A LONGTIME MEMBER OF THE VATICAN DIPLOMATIC PIETRO PAROLIN, A LONGTIME MEMBER OF THE VATICAN DIPLOMATIC CORPS.

MEMBER OF THE VATICAN DIPLOMATIC CORPS.

PAROLIN IS DESCRIBED AS A CORPS.

PAROLIN IS DESCRIBED AS A MODERATE.

PAROLIN IS DESCRIBED AS A MODERATE.

HE REPLACES CARDINAL TARCISIO MODERATE.

HE REPLACES CARDINAL TARCISIO BERTONE, WHO SERVED UNDER FORMER HE REPLACES CARDINAL TARCISIO BERTONE, WHO SERVED UNDER FORMER POPE BENEDICT, AND FACED BERTONE, WHO SERVED UNDER FORMER POPE BENEDICT, AND FACED CRITICISM FOR HIS HANDLING OF POPE BENEDICT, AND FACED CRITICISM FOR HIS HANDLING OF THE VATICAN BUREAUCRACY.

CRITICISM FOR HIS HANDLING OF THE VATICAN BUREAUCRACY.

>>> IN THE U.S., IN THE NAME OF THE VATICAN BUREAUCRACY.

>>> IN THE U.S., IN THE NAME OF KEEPING CHURCH AND STATE >>> IN THE U.S., IN THE NAME OF KEEPING CHURCH AND STATE SEPARATE, THE CONSTITUTION KEEPING CHURCH AND STATE SEPARATE, THE CONSTITUTION FORBIDS THE GOVERNMENT FROM SEPARATE, THE CONSTITUTION FORBIDS THE GOVERNMENT FROM FAVORING OR SUPPORTING ANY FORBIDS THE GOVERNMENT FROM FAVORING OR SUPPORTING ANY PARTICULAR RELIGION.

FAVORING OR SUPPORTING ANY PARTICULAR RELIGION.

IN INDIA, THINGS ARE DIFFERENT.

PARTICULAR RELIGION.

IN INDIA, THINGS ARE DIFFERENT.

AS FRED DE SAM LAZARO REPORTS, IN INDIA, THINGS ARE DIFFERENT.

AS FRED DE SAM LAZARO REPORTS, BUDDHISM HAS ALMOST DIED OUT IN AS FRED DE SAM LAZARO REPORTS, BUDDHISM HAS ALMOST DIED OUT IN THE COUNTRY OF ITS BIRTH.

BUDDHISM HAS ALMOST DIED OUT IN THE COUNTRY OF ITS BIRTH.

BUT THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT IS THE COUNTRY OF ITS BIRTH.

BUT THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT IS TRYING TO REVIVE IT, WELCOMING BUT THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT IS TRYING TO REVIVE IT, WELCOMING BUDDHIST TOURISTS AND EVEN TRYING TO REVIVE IT, WELCOMING BUDDHIST TOURISTS AND EVEN BUILDING A NEW BUDDHIST BUDDHIST TOURISTS AND EVEN BUILDING A NEW BUDDHIST UNIVERSITY.

BUILDING A NEW BUDDHIST UNIVERSITY.

>> ONLY A TINY FRACTION OF UNIVERSITY.

>> ONLY A TINY FRACTION OF INDIA'S POPULATION IS BUDDHIST, >> ONLY A TINY FRACTION OF INDIA'S POPULATION IS BUDDHIST, BUT ITS TOURIST ADS AND FOREIGN INDIA'S POPULATION IS BUDDHIST, BUT ITS TOURIST ADS AND FOREIGN POLICY TOUT INDIA'S BUDDHIST BUT ITS TOURIST ADS AND FOREIGN POLICY TOUT INDIA'S BUDDHIST HERITAGE, BECKONING VISITORS TO POLICY TOUT INDIA'S BUDDHIST HERITAGE, BECKONING VISITORS TO THE LAND WHERE ONE OF THE HERITAGE, BECKONING VISITORS TO THE LAND WHERE ONE OF THE WORLD'S OLDEST BELIEF SYSTEMS THE LAND WHERE ONE OF THE WORLD'S OLDEST BELIEF SYSTEMS TOOK ROOT 2,500 YEARS AGO.

WORLD'S OLDEST BELIEF SYSTEMS TOOK ROOT 2,500 YEARS AGO.

THE ANCIENT CITY OF BODH GAYA IS TOOK ROOT 2,500 YEARS AGO.

THE ANCIENT CITY OF BODH GAYA IS ONE OF BUDDHISM'S HOLIEST THE ANCIENT CITY OF BODH GAYA IS ONE OF BUDDHISM'S HOLIEST LOCATIONS.

ONE OF BUDDHISM'S HOLIEST LOCATIONS.

ONCE PAST THE STREET LOCATIONS.

ONCE PAST THE STREET ENTERTAINERS, PANHANDLERS AND ONCE PAST THE STREET ENTERTAINERS, PANHANDLERS AND TRINKET SALESMEN, PILGRIMS ENTER ENTERTAINERS, PANHANDLERS AND TRINKET SALESMEN, PILGRIMS ENTER THE IMPOSING MAHABODHI TEMPLE.

TRINKET SALESMEN, PILGRIMS ENTER THE IMPOSING MAHABODHI TEMPLE.

>> WE HAVE PEOPLE VISITING FROM THE IMPOSING MAHABODHI TEMPLE.

>> WE HAVE PEOPLE VISITING FROM MANY BUDDHIST COUNTRIES -- >> WE HAVE PEOPLE VISITING FROM MANY BUDDHIST COUNTRIES -- JAPAN, KOREA, VIETNAM, CAMBODIA, MANY BUDDHIST COUNTRIES -- JAPAN, KOREA, VIETNAM, CAMBODIA, THAILAND.

JAPAN, KOREA, VIETNAM, CAMBODIA, THAILAND.

MOST OF OUR VISITORS ARE FROM THAILAND.

MOST OF OUR VISITORS ARE FROM SRI LANKA AND THAILAND.

MOST OF OUR VISITORS ARE FROM SRI LANKA AND THAILAND.

>> DEVOTEES LINE UP TO ENTER AND SRI LANKA AND THAILAND.

>> DEVOTEES LINE UP TO ENTER AND PRAY IN THE INNER SANCTUM.

>> DEVOTEES LINE UP TO ENTER AND PRAY IN THE INNER SANCTUM.

THEY SPEND HOURS MEDITATING JUST PRAY IN THE INNER SANCTUM.

THEY SPEND HOURS MEDITATING JUST OUTSIDE, UNDER THE ANCIENT BODHI THEY SPEND HOURS MEDITATING JUST OUTSIDE, UNDER THE ANCIENT BODHI TREE, A DIRECT DESCENDENT OF THE OUTSIDE, UNDER THE ANCIENT BODHI TREE, A DIRECT DESCENDENT OF THE ONE UNDER WHICH BUDDHISTS TREE, A DIRECT DESCENDENT OF THE ONE UNDER WHICH BUDDHISTS BELIEVE SIDDHARTH GAUTAMA, THE ONE UNDER WHICH BUDDHISTS BELIEVE SIDDHARTH GAUTAMA, THE ROYAL PRINCE, ALSO MEDITATED AS BELIEVE SIDDHARTH GAUTAMA, THE ROYAL PRINCE, ALSO MEDITATED AS HE EMBRACED A LIFE OF ASCETICISM ROYAL PRINCE, ALSO MEDITATED AS HE EMBRACED A LIFE OF ASCETICISM AND BECAME ENLIGHTENED.

HE EMBRACED A LIFE OF ASCETICISM AND BECAME ENLIGHTENED.

>> I ALSO WOULD LIKE TO DO THE AND BECAME ENLIGHTENED.

>> I ALSO WOULD LIKE TO DO THE MEDITATION HERE TO DISCOVER >> I ALSO WOULD LIKE TO DO THE MEDITATION HERE TO DISCOVER MYSELF, FOR MY SOUL.

MEDITATION HERE TO DISCOVER MYSELF, FOR MY SOUL.

AND I BELIEVE THIS IS THE BEST MYSELF, FOR MY SOUL.

AND I BELIEVE THIS IS THE BEST PLACE TO DO THE MEDITATION.

AND I BELIEVE THIS IS THE BEST PLACE TO DO THE MEDITATION.

>> BUDDHISTS BELIEVE THAT THIS PLACE TO DO THE MEDITATION.

>> BUDDHISTS BELIEVE THAT THIS IS A VERY POWERFUL PLACE AND >> BUDDHISTS BELIEVE THAT THIS IS A VERY POWERFUL PLACE AND ANYTHING THAT YOU DO HERE IS IS A VERY POWERFUL PLACE AND ANYTHING THAT YOU DO HERE IS MAGNIFIED, SO ANY WISHES YOU ANYTHING THAT YOU DO HERE IS MAGNIFIED, SO ANY WISHES YOU MAKE FOR OTHER PEOPLE, ANY GOOD MAGNIFIED, SO ANY WISHES YOU MAKE FOR OTHER PEOPLE, ANY GOOD WISHES, ANY PRACTICE THAT YOU MAKE FOR OTHER PEOPLE, ANY GOOD WISHES, ANY PRACTICE THAT YOU DO, IT'S INCREASED.

WISHES, ANY PRACTICE THAT YOU DO, IT'S INCREASED.

THE POWER IS INCREASED.

DO, IT'S INCREASED.

THE POWER IS INCREASED.

SO FOR EXAMPLE YOU SEE PEOPLE THE POWER IS INCREASED.

SO FOR EXAMPLE YOU SEE PEOPLE PROSTRATING YOU KNOW, GOING SO FOR EXAMPLE YOU SEE PEOPLE PROSTRATING YOU KNOW, GOING DOWN, I'VE BEEN DOING THIS FOR A PROSTRATING YOU KNOW, GOING DOWN, I'VE BEEN DOING THIS FOR A MONTH AND THAT'S A PURIFICATION DOWN, I'VE BEEN DOING THIS FOR A MONTH AND THAT'S A PURIFICATION PRACTICE AND IT GETS RID OF MONTH AND THAT'S A PURIFICATION PRACTICE AND IT GETS RID OF PRIDE AND THEY BELIEVE IT'S MUCH PRACTICE AND IT GETS RID OF PRIDE AND THEY BELIEVE IT'S MUCH STRONGER TO DO IT HERE.

PRIDE AND THEY BELIEVE IT'S MUCH STRONGER TO DO IT HERE.

>> THE ARRIVAL OF PILGRIMS IS STRONGER TO DO IT HERE.

>> THE ARRIVAL OF PILGRIMS IS PART OF A DECADES-LONG REVIVAL >> THE ARRIVAL OF PILGRIMS IS PART OF A DECADES-LONG REVIVAL EFFORT BY INDIA'S GOVERNMENT, PART OF A DECADES-LONG REVIVAL EFFORT BY INDIA'S GOVERNMENT, BEGINNING IN THE 1950s WHEN EFFORT BY INDIA'S GOVERNMENT, BEGINNING IN THE 1950s WHEN PRIME MINISTER JAWAHARLAL NEHRU BEGINNING IN THE 1950s WHEN PRIME MINISTER JAWAHARLAL NEHRU WANTED TO USE BUDDHISM TO ALLY PRIME MINISTER JAWAHARLAL NEHRU WANTED TO USE BUDDHISM TO ALLY ASIAN NEIGHBORS, MANY THEMSELVES WANTED TO USE BUDDHISM TO ALLY ASIAN NEIGHBORS, MANY THEMSELVES COMING OUT OF COLONIALISM AND ASIAN NEIGHBORS, MANY THEMSELVES COMING OUT OF COLONIALISM AND WORLD WAR II.

COMING OUT OF COLONIALISM AND WORLD WAR II.

>> SO NEHRU DECLARES BODH GAYA WORLD WAR II.

>> SO NEHRU DECLARES BODH GAYA AS AN INTERNATIONAL CITY OF >> SO NEHRU DECLARES BODH GAYA AS AN INTERNATIONAL CITY OF BUDDHISM AND HE STARTS INVITING AS AN INTERNATIONAL CITY OF BUDDHISM AND HE STARTS INVITING BUDDHIST COUNTRIES TO COME AND BUDDHISM AND HE STARTS INVITING BUDDHIST COUNTRIES TO COME AND ESTABLISH THEIR TEMPLES IN BUDDHIST COUNTRIES TO COME AND ESTABLISH THEIR TEMPLES IN BUDDHA GAYA.

ESTABLISH THEIR TEMPLES IN BUDDHA GAYA.

>> TODAY, IN BODHGAYA, TEMPLES BUDDHA GAYA.

>> TODAY, IN BODHGAYA, TEMPLES AND GUEST HOUSES FROM SEVERAL >> TODAY, IN BODHGAYA, TEMPLES AND GUEST HOUSES FROM SEVERAL MAJORITY BUDDHIST NATIONS AND GUEST HOUSES FROM SEVERAL MAJORITY BUDDHIST NATIONS WELCOME COMPATRIOT PILGRIMS.

MAJORITY BUDDHIST NATIONS WELCOME COMPATRIOT PILGRIMS.

SOON, THE HOST COUNTRY HOPES WELCOME COMPATRIOT PILGRIMS.

SOON, THE HOST COUNTRY HOPES THEY'LL BE JOINED BY SCHOLARS AS SOON, THE HOST COUNTRY HOPES THEY'LL BE JOINED BY SCHOLARS AS WELL.

THEY'LL BE JOINED BY SCHOLARS AS WELL.

THERE'S NO MORE THAN A WALLED WELL.

THERE'S NO MORE THAN A WALLED COMPOUND NOW, BUT BEGINNING NEXT THERE'S NO MORE THAN A WALLED COMPOUND NOW, BUT BEGINNING NEXT YEAR, A LARGE CAMPUS WILL BE COMPOUND NOW, BUT BEGINNING NEXT YEAR, A LARGE CAMPUS WILL BE BUILT ON THIS SITE IN THE YEAR, A LARGE CAMPUS WILL BE BUILT ON THIS SITE IN THE EASTERN STATE OF BIHAR, A PLACE BUILT ON THIS SITE IN THE EASTERN STATE OF BIHAR, A PLACE THAT CAN STILL EVOKE THE ERA OF EASTERN STATE OF BIHAR, A PLACE THAT CAN STILL EVOKE THE ERA OF THE BUDDHA.

THAT CAN STILL EVOKE THE ERA OF THE BUDDHA.

THE NEW NALANDA WILL RESURRECT THE BUDDHA.

THE NEW NALANDA WILL RESURRECT ONE OF THE WORLD'S OLDEST THE NEW NALANDA WILL RESURRECT ONE OF THE WORLD'S OLDEST UNIVERSITIES THAT ONCE THRIVED ONE OF THE WORLD'S OLDEST UNIVERSITIES THAT ONCE THRIVED JUST A FEW MILES AWAY.

UNIVERSITIES THAT ONCE THRIVED JUST A FEW MILES AWAY.

TODAY, TOURISTS COME TO THE JUST A FEW MILES AWAY.

TODAY, TOURISTS COME TO THE RUINS OF THE LARGE RESIDENTIAL TODAY, TOURISTS COME TO THE RUINS OF THE LARGE RESIDENTIAL CAMPUS OF NALANDA THAT RUINS OF THE LARGE RESIDENTIAL CAMPUS OF NALANDA THAT FLOURISHED MORE THAN 1,400 YEARS CAMPUS OF NALANDA THAT FLOURISHED MORE THAN 1,400 YEARS AGO, WELL BEFORE CAMBRIDGE, FLOURISHED MORE THAN 1,400 YEARS AGO, WELL BEFORE CAMBRIDGE, OXFORD, AND UNIVERSITIES IN THE AGO, WELL BEFORE CAMBRIDGE, OXFORD, AND UNIVERSITIES IN THE WEST WERE FOUNDED.

OXFORD, AND UNIVERSITIES IN THE WEST WERE FOUNDED.

>> IT WAS NOT JUST TEACHING WEST WERE FOUNDED.

>> IT WAS NOT JUST TEACHING BUDDHISM.

>> IT WAS NOT JUST TEACHING BUDDHISM.

THERE WAS ASTRONOMY.

BUDDHISM.

THERE WAS ASTRONOMY.

THEN THEY WERE TEACHING WHAT YOU THERE WAS ASTRONOMY.

THEN THEY WERE TEACHING WHAT YOU CALL EVEN MATHEMATICS, THEN THEY WERE TEACHING WHAT YOU CALL EVEN MATHEMATICS, CARPENTRY, ARCHITECTURE, VARIOUS CALL EVEN MATHEMATICS, CARPENTRY, ARCHITECTURE, VARIOUS OTHER SUBJECTS WERE BEING TAUGHT CARPENTRY, ARCHITECTURE, VARIOUS OTHER SUBJECTS WERE BEING TAUGHT SO IT WAS -- IT HAD A VERY OTHER SUBJECTS WERE BEING TAUGHT SO IT WAS -- IT HAD A VERY COMPREHENSIVE MULTIDISCIPLINARY SO IT WAS -- IT HAD A VERY COMPREHENSIVE MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TOWARDS EDUCATION.

COMPREHENSIVE MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TOWARDS EDUCATION.

PEOPLE WERE COMING TO NALANDA TO APPROACH TOWARDS EDUCATION.

PEOPLE WERE COMING TO NALANDA TO STUDY FROM JAPAN, CHINA, KOREA PEOPLE WERE COMING TO NALANDA TO STUDY FROM JAPAN, CHINA, KOREA OF COURSE, AND ALL OTHER PLACES.

STUDY FROM JAPAN, CHINA, KOREA OF COURSE, AND ALL OTHER PLACES.

>> IT'S ONE WAY THAT BUDDHISM OF COURSE, AND ALL OTHER PLACES.

>> IT'S ONE WAY THAT BUDDHISM SPREAD ELSEWHERE IN ASIA.

>> IT'S ONE WAY THAT BUDDHISM SPREAD ELSEWHERE IN ASIA.

BUT IN INDIA IT DECLINED OR WAS SPREAD ELSEWHERE IN ASIA.

BUT IN INDIA IT DECLINED OR WAS ASSIMILATED INTO HINDUISM, AS BUT IN INDIA IT DECLINED OR WAS ASSIMILATED INTO HINDUISM, AS HINDU RULERS, AND LATER MUSLIM ASSIMILATED INTO HINDUISM, AS HINDU RULERS, AND LATER MUSLIM ONES, REPLACED THOSE WHO HINDU RULERS, AND LATER MUSLIM ONES, REPLACED THOSE WHO SUPPORTED OR EMBRACED BUDDHISM.

ONES, REPLACED THOSE WHO SUPPORTED OR EMBRACED BUDDHISM.

BY THE 12th CENTURY, NALANDA HAD SUPPORTED OR EMBRACED BUDDHISM.

BY THE 12th CENTURY, NALANDA HAD FALLEN INTO RUIN.

BY THE 12th CENTURY, NALANDA HAD FALLEN INTO RUIN.

>> THE DECLINE OF A UNIVERSITY FALLEN INTO RUIN.

>> THE DECLINE OF A UNIVERSITY LIKE NALANDA ALSO SAW A POWER >> THE DECLINE OF A UNIVERSITY LIKE NALANDA ALSO SAW A POWER SHIFT IN KNOWLEDGE TO THE WEST LIKE NALANDA ALSO SAW A POWER SHIFT IN KNOWLEDGE TO THE WEST BECAUSE THE DECLINE OF NALANDA SHIFT IN KNOWLEDGE TO THE WEST BECAUSE THE DECLINE OF NALANDA COINCIDES WITH THE RISE OF THE BECAUSE THE DECLINE OF NALANDA COINCIDES WITH THE RISE OF THE WESTERN UNIVERSITY AND THE COINCIDES WITH THE RISE OF THE WESTERN UNIVERSITY AND THE WESTERN SYSTEM OF KNOWLEDGE AND WESTERN UNIVERSITY AND THE WESTERN SYSTEM OF KNOWLEDGE AND ITS TRANSMISSION.

WESTERN SYSTEM OF KNOWLEDGE AND ITS TRANSMISSION.

AND ALSO FOLLOWS -- AND SOON ITS TRANSMISSION.

AND ALSO FOLLOWS -- AND SOON AFTER, YOU HAD COLONIALISM COME AND ALSO FOLLOWS -- AND SOON AFTER, YOU HAD COLONIALISM COME IN.

AFTER, YOU HAD COLONIALISM COME IN.

NOW THERE IS A DESIRE FOR PEOPLE IN.

NOW THERE IS A DESIRE FOR PEOPLE ONCE AGAIN TO DISCOVER THEIR NOW THERE IS A DESIRE FOR PEOPLE ONCE AGAIN TO DISCOVER THEIR NEIGHBORS RATHER THAN ONLY LOOK ONCE AGAIN TO DISCOVER THEIR NEIGHBORS RATHER THAN ONLY LOOK TOWARDS THE WEST.

NEIGHBORS RATHER THAN ONLY LOOK TOWARDS THE WEST.

>> THE NEW NALANDA IS AN ATTEMPT TOWARDS THE WEST.

>> THE NEW NALANDA IS AN ATTEMPT TO REVIVE THE ONE-TIME PAN-ASIAN >> THE NEW NALANDA IS AN ATTEMPT TO REVIVE THE ONE-TIME PAN-ASIAN PARTNERSHIP.

TO REVIVE THE ONE-TIME PAN-ASIAN PARTNERSHIP.

SEVERAL NATIONS -- JAPAN, CHINA, PARTNERSHIP.

SEVERAL NATIONS -- JAPAN, CHINA, THAILAND, AND EVEN LAOS -- HAVE SEVERAL NATIONS -- JAPAN, CHINA, THAILAND, AND EVEN LAOS -- HAVE ALREADY CHIPPED IN WITH THAILAND, AND EVEN LAOS -- HAVE ALREADY CHIPPED IN WITH FINANCIAL SUPPORT.

ALREADY CHIPPED IN WITH FINANCIAL SUPPORT.

THE FIRST STRUCTURE TO GO UP FINANCIAL SUPPORT.

THE FIRST STRUCTURE TO GO UP WILL BE THE NEW NALANDA LIBRARY, THE FIRST STRUCTURE TO GO UP WILL BE THE NEW NALANDA LIBRARY, A STRONG SYMBOL FROM THE ANCIENT WILL BE THE NEW NALANDA LIBRARY, A STRONG SYMBOL FROM THE ANCIENT CAMPUS, FUNDED BY THE GOVERNMENT A STRONG SYMBOL FROM THE ANCIENT CAMPUS, FUNDED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF SINGAPORE.

CAMPUS, FUNDED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF SINGAPORE.

>> THEY'RE CLEARLY INSPIRED BY OF SINGAPORE.

>> THEY'RE CLEARLY INSPIRED BY THE RECORDS FROM OLD NALANDA, >> THEY'RE CLEARLY INSPIRED BY THE RECORDS FROM OLD NALANDA, WHICH TALK ABOUT THESE VERY TALL THE RECORDS FROM OLD NALANDA, WHICH TALK ABOUT THESE VERY TALL LIBRARY STRUCTURES THAT WERE WHICH TALK ABOUT THESE VERY TALL LIBRARY STRUCTURES THAT WERE KISSING THE CLOUDS.

LIBRARY STRUCTURES THAT WERE KISSING THE CLOUDS.

AND, YOU KNOW, THE MYTH SAYS KISSING THE CLOUDS.

AND, YOU KNOW, THE MYTH SAYS THAT WHEN THE LIBRARY WAS AND, YOU KNOW, THE MYTH SAYS THAT WHEN THE LIBRARY WAS BURNED, IT BURNED FOR MANY THAT WHEN THE LIBRARY WAS BURNED, IT BURNED FOR MANY MONTHS.

BURNED, IT BURNED FOR MANY MONTHS.

SO I THINK IN THE WHOLE BUDDHIST MONTHS.

SO I THINK IN THE WHOLE BUDDHIST WORLD, THAT THE STORY OF THE SO I THINK IN THE WHOLE BUDDHIST WORLD, THAT THE STORY OF THE NALANDA LIBRARY IS A STORY THAT WORLD, THAT THE STORY OF THE NALANDA LIBRARY IS A STORY THAT EVOKES A VERY STRONG RESPONSE.

NALANDA LIBRARY IS A STORY THAT EVOKES A VERY STRONG RESPONSE.

>> THE NEW CAMPUS WILL OFFER EVOKES A VERY STRONG RESPONSE.

>> THE NEW CAMPUS WILL OFFER STUDIES IN COMPARATIVE RELIGION >> THE NEW CAMPUS WILL OFFER STUDIES IN COMPARATIVE RELIGION AND HISTORY, AS WELL AS CURRENT STUDIES IN COMPARATIVE RELIGION AND HISTORY, AS WELL AS CURRENT ISSUES RANGING FROM AGRICULTURE AND HISTORY, AS WELL AS CURRENT ISSUES RANGING FROM AGRICULTURE TO ECOLOGY.

ISSUES RANGING FROM AGRICULTURE TO ECOLOGY.

IT HOPES TO DRAW SCHOLARS FROM TO ECOLOGY.

IT HOPES TO DRAW SCHOLARS FROM BOTH EAST AND WEST FOR A IT HOPES TO DRAW SCHOLARS FROM BOTH EAST AND WEST FOR A VIGOROUS EXCHANGE OF IDEAS AND BOTH EAST AND WEST FOR A VIGOROUS EXCHANGE OF IDEAS AND DEBATE, SEEKING KNOWLEDGE AND VIGOROUS EXCHANGE OF IDEAS AND DEBATE, SEEKING KNOWLEDGE AND ENLIGHTENMENT IN A SECULAR AND DEBATE, SEEKING KNOWLEDGE AND ENLIGHTENMENT IN A SECULAR AND CLASSICALLY BUDDHIST SETTING.

ENLIGHTENMENT IN A SECULAR AND CLASSICALLY BUDDHIST SETTING.

FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS CLASSICALLY BUDDHIST SETTING.

FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS NEWSWEEKLY," THIS IS FRED DE SAM FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS NEWSWEEKLY," THIS IS FRED DE SAM LAZARO IN BIHAR, INDIA.

NEWSWEEKLY," THIS IS FRED DE SAM LAZARO IN BIHAR, INDIA.

>>> FINALLY, ON OUR CALENDAR LAZARO IN BIHAR, INDIA.

>>> FINALLY, ON OUR CALENDAR THIS WEEK, MONDAY BEGINS GANESH >>> FINALLY, ON OUR CALENDAR THIS WEEK, MONDAY BEGINS GANESH CHATURTHI -- THIS WEEK, MONDAY BEGINS GANESH CHATURTHI -- THE TEN-DAY HINDU FESTIVAL CHATURTHI -- THE TEN-DAY HINDU FESTIVAL DEDICATED TO THE POPULAR THE TEN-DAY HINDU FESTIVAL DEDICATED TO THE POPULAR ELEPHANT-HEADED GOD, LORD DEDICATED TO THE POPULAR ELEPHANT-HEADED GOD, LORD GANESHA.

ELEPHANT-HEADED GOD, LORD GANESHA.

HINDUS MARK THE DAY BY OFFERING GANESHA.

HINDUS MARK THE DAY BY OFFERING PRAYERS AND DELICACIES TO THE HINDUS MARK THE DAY BY OFFERING PRAYERS AND DELICACIES TO THE DEITY.

PRAYERS AND DELICACIES TO THE DEITY.

CLAY FIGURES OF GANESHA ARE DEITY.

CLAY FIGURES OF GANESHA ARE OFTEN IMMERSED IN LAKES AND CLAY FIGURES OF GANESHA ARE OFTEN IMMERSED IN LAKES AND RIVERS.

OFTEN IMMERSED IN LAKES AND RIVERS.

>>> AND FOR JEWS, YOM KIPPUR OR RIVERS.

>>> AND FOR JEWS, YOM KIPPUR OR THE DAY OF ATONEMENT, BEGINS >>> AND FOR JEWS, YOM KIPPUR OR THE DAY OF ATONEMENT, BEGINS NEXT FRIDAY NIGHT.

THE DAY OF ATONEMENT, BEGINS NEXT FRIDAY NIGHT.

IT IS THE MOST SOLEMN DAY OF THE NEXT FRIDAY NIGHT.

IT IS THE MOST SOLEMN DAY OF THE JEWISH CALENDAR.

IT IS THE MOST SOLEMN DAY OF THE JEWISH CALENDAR.

OBSERVANT JEWS SPEND SATURDAY IN JEWISH CALENDAR.

OBSERVANT JEWS SPEND SATURDAY IN SYNAGOGUE PRAYING, FASTING AND OBSERVANT JEWS SPEND SATURDAY IN SYNAGOGUE PRAYING, FASTING AND REPENTING.

SYNAGOGUE PRAYING, FASTING AND REPENTING.

>>> THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR NOW.

REPENTING.

>>> THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR NOW.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

>>> THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR NOW.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND FACEBOOK AND WATCH US ANYTIME ON YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND FACEBOOK AND WATCH US ANYTIME ON THE PBS APP FOR iPHONES AND FACEBOOK AND WATCH US ANYTIME ON THE PBS APP FOR iPHONES AND iPADS.

THE PBS APP FOR iPHONES AND iPADS.

AND VISIT OUR WEBSITE, WHERE iPADS.

AND VISIT OUR WEBSITE, WHERE THERE IS ALWAYS MUCH MORE, AND VISIT OUR WEBSITE, WHERE THERE IS ALWAYS MUCH MORE, INCLUDING AUDIO AND VIDEO THERE IS ALWAYS MUCH MORE, INCLUDING AUDIO AND VIDEO PODCASTS OF THIS PROGRAM.

INCLUDING AUDIO AND VIDEO PODCASTS OF THIS PROGRAM.

JOIN US AT PBS.ORG.

PODCASTS OF THIS PROGRAM.

JOIN US AT PBS.ORG.

AS WE LEAVE YOU, MORE SCENES OF JOIN US AT PBS.ORG.

AS WE LEAVE YOU, MORE SCENES OF GANESH CHATURTHI IN INDIA.