[doorbell ringing] (children) ♪Hello!

Hello!♪ ♪Won't you be my friend?♪ ♪Hello!

Hello!♪ ♪Let's say it again.♪ ♪Hello!

Hello!♪ ♪Won't you be my friend?♪ ♪Hello!

Hello!♪ ♪Now you are my friend.♪ ♪♪♪ ♪H-E-L-L-O♪ ♪That's a word we all should know.♪ ♪H-E-L-L-O♪ ♪You can say it.♪ ♪Just say hello.♪ ♪♪♪ Hey!

There's Mr. Chuck!

Well, hello, friend!

Hello, Mr. Chuck!

Oh, hello friends.

I was just sitting here blowing bubbles.

I like to watch them float into the air don't you?

You can see such pretty colors.

But what if two or more people want to blow bubbles and there's only one bubble wand?

What do you do then?

Well there's one thing you don't do, and that's fight about it.

That's not the way to work out a problem, now is it?

Of course not.

For one thing when you fight, someone might spill the bubble mix.

Then no one would get to play.

And the most important reason not to fight is that someone might get hurt.

What could you do?

Well, you could take turns.

How about that?

One person could blow the bubbles, and someone else could chase them and try to catch them.

That could be fun.

♪♪♪ Okay, friends.

Here's something else you could do instead of arguing over the bubble wand.

You could make another one out of something else.

Like a piece of string.

Yes.

A piece of string makes great bubbles.

Just take a short piece of string like this and tie it together to make a loop.

Then hold the string like this and dip it into the bubble mix.

Of course you'll have to pour it into a pan or a bowl.

♪♪♪ Sharing, taking turns and coming up with other solutions to a problem is much better than fighting.

And you know what?

Sometimes working together to solve a problem can be as much fun as the solution.

So when you find yourself in a situation where you have one toy and several people, stop and think about it and I know you will come up with a better way to go about things than fighting.

(children) Hmmmm.

♪♪♪ (girl) No, not that one!

(children) Sharing!

S-H-A-R-I-N-G.

Sharing.

Aiming to share your stuff with other people.

They might share their stuff with you, too.

Cause when you be nice to somebody they'll be nice to you.

(man) Is that true, Emily?

I'm older than him so I will probably know.

We both will probably know because we're both in kindergarten.

You be nice to people.

You give them respect.

You know what?

When anybody - if somebody shares with me, when they give it to me and I say "can I please have that thing?"

and when they give it to me I say back to them "thank you" and the other people say, "you're welcome."

That's also called sharing.

And if you don't share with someone they won't share with you.

Well, let's see what we've got here.

We've got a ball and what do you think?

[bounce, bounce] You could bounce the ball all by yourself.

That's okay, but I think it would be much more fun if we could throw it back and forth to someone, don't you?

What else have we got here?

Let's see.

There's a doll.

Well, I guess two people could play with one doll, but you'd have to take turns wouldn't you?

Oh, here's some paper and crayons.

What could you do with this?

Could you draw a picture?

Could two people draw a picture together?

There's a word we can use that means two people or more working together to get something done.

Do you know what it is?

See if you can guess.

(girl) I like to color with my friends.

♪♪♪ Sometimes I have to take turns.

♪♪♪ I can't use all the crayons.

♪♪♪ Sometimes I have to share.

♪♪♪ I let my friends use the crayons.

♪♪♪ We all color a little bit.

Everybody does their part and the whole thing gets done.

Cooperation.

You know when people work together to get something done it's called cooperation.

It's a big word and it's very important.

When people cooperate some things that might be considered hard work, well they're easier to do.

People in factories work together to make many things.

Take this broom for example.

It was made by people.

Several different people, in fact.

♪♪♪ (Mr. Chuck) The first person puts the straw onto the broomstick.

♪♪♪ Then someone else puts on the metal band that holds the straw in place.

♪♪♪ Then the straw is sewn, which also helps to hold the straw in place.

♪♪♪ Then someone trims the ends so they're even all the way across.

♪♪♪ Now look at these broomsticks.

What color are they?

Just think.

All those people working together to make a broom.

But since each person did a different job, the brooms could be made faster.

Cooperation.

That's a good word, and it's always necessary if a group of people is going to perform a job or even if they're going to perform music.

Hello.

I'm Mr. G. and from the Dunn Avenue Boys Choir.

Today we're going to rehearse and get ready for a performance.

When the boys come to class, the first thing they'll do is get their performance shirts and ties.

This is a good opportunity for them to practice cooperating with each other.

They can help each other get ready.

The kids will help each other get dressed with putting their buttons on.

Sometimes they have a hard time with their buttons, especially on their sleeves and also they have a hard time getting the ties on so they'll help each other put their ties on.

♪♪♪ Then we have to get lined up to get ready to perform.

Alright.

I'm going to come around and I'm going to look at each one of you.

I need to see your shirts.

Make sure that the tie is on right, your hair is combed, standing up straight.

Okay, are you all ready to do a performance?

Yes.

Okay, let's try our performance.

Alright here we go.

Stand up straight.

Performance position.

♪♪♪ (Mr. G.) The boys have to learn to sing together and move together.

♪Coming for to carry me home.♪ ♪Swing low, sweet chariot.♪ ♪Coming for to carry me home.♪ ♪I looked, I looked, over Jordan and what did I see?♪ (Mr. G.) The performance doesn't work well unless everybody does their part.

♪The band of angels waiting just for me.♪ ♪Coming for to carry me home.♪ (Mr. G.) It all just takes practice and cooperation.

(woman) Let's count.

(children) Hmmmm.

♪♪♪ (boy) What are you doing?

(girl) This way.

That way.

Share.

S-H-A-R-E Share.

Not taking turns and it means let people have their things back.

Well how you really share is when you're finished with the toy that they want then you can give it back to them.

It's also, like, having a turn, having turns with one of your toys, like anybody's toys.

We would share with our cousins or friends.

(man) Who would you share with Nathan?

My girlfriend.

You take turns.

That's also called sharing.

If you take turns the more somebody will play with you but only on Sundays when you don't go to school - I don't know about this.

Me either.

Taking turns and then they have a turn and we have a turn and they have a turn then we have a turn.

Like if you had a toy camera you can take turns taking pictures.

First you will take a picture then the other person then the other person and then the other person.

And if you don't share with someone they won't share with you.

(boy) Nature, nature all around.

In the sky and on the ground.

Everywhere I look I see birds, rocks, plants and trees.

On the earth and in the air.

Nature, nature, everywhere.

This is an egg I have in my hand, but this isn't just any egg.

This is a duck egg and something very special is going on inside.

There's a duckling growing.

The egg is made up of four parts.

There's the eggshell which is very important because it protects what's going on inside.

Inside there's an embryo.

Well an embryo is just a fancy name for a duckling.

That's what's growing in there.

Then there's the egg yolk and the white and that's the food for the growing duckling.

When the duckling is all grown and ready to come out of the egg what it will do is it will crack the shell all the way around the top and push it's way out.

But how can it to that?

Well, it has a special little tooth right on the tip of it's bill called the egg tooth and it's like a hammer.

It hammers its way right through the shell until it has cracked it all the way around and it can push its way out.

Well, when it comes out of the egg it is very wet and it will take about 12 hours for it to dry out, so what it does, it snuggles up with it's mom until its all dry and then it's ready to go and this is what it looks like.

Here we have the duckling a couple of days old.

It's all dried out now.

You can see on the tip of the bill that egg tooth that it used to hammer its way out of the shell.

Now it doesn't have any feathers.

This stuff is just down but it's very important because it keeps the duckling warm.

Now ducklings are a little different than other birds because as soon as the duckling is born it can swim, it can feed all by itself, and it can stay warm because it has down on it.

During the first week of a duckling's life, it's a bright yellow color like this one.

But then, during week three and four, well, it starts to fade a little bit and it's bright color becomes dull.

The most exciting part happens in week four.

That's when the feathers start to grow.

The first feathers appear right here on the tail, then along the sides of the bird.

But it's not until week eight when all the flight feathers are grown in and it can fly.

The last feathers to grow in are on the wing.

Right here, see how small this wing is?

This duckling isn't going anywhere.

He can't fly yet.

But when it has its flight feathers grown in then it will be ready to fly.

When this duckling is fully grown and all its feathers are in it's going to look quite different.

This is an adult bird and it certainly does look different than that little duckling I had.

This is a mallard and that's what that duckling was.

It was a mallard too.

Now this is the male and he looks very, very handsome.

He has a bright green head and you can see he's got a little white ring-neck around his neck.

Now if you look at his wings - wow!

They're quite different.

They're not anything like that duckling's wing.

All of its feathers are in.

Now he is able to fly because of these feathers.

This bright purple area here, this is called the speculum.

It's very, very bright and noticeable on this mallard.

These long feathers at the end, that's what lets them fly because with these he's able to take off.

Now the male looks a lot different than the female does, too.

Let's have a look at the female.

Wow, there's quite a difference between these two birds.

The male has that bright green head, but look at the female.

She's all dull and brown colored.

Now there's a good reason for that.

She doesn't have to be flashy like the male does.

She has a very important job and that is to nest.

She's kind of camouflaged colored, not bright and green like the male is.

But she, too, has a big beautiful wing and because of these wings they're able to fly.

They have nice strong feathers and they're able to take right off.

Now that these mallards have their flight feathers they are able to fly.

Let's watch them go.

♪♪♪ The concept of sharing is not an easy concept to learn or to teach.

It can be a subject of argument and frustration for children who want to understand why they should share at all.

So what age should we expect our children to learn to share?

And what can we as adults do to help our children learn to take turns and play well with others?

Here's Dr. Theresa Okumabua to talk about the behavior of sharing.

Sharing and turn-taking.

These are very important social skills that our children must learn.

They are major challenges, however, for parents as well as children.

Taking turns.

Think about it.

Most kids are able to do that.

You get a chance.

I get a chance.

You get a chance.

I get a chance.

Especially with adult supervision.

But what we're aiming for, however, is that kids will be able to take turns even when there is no adult there.

So it's important that early on parents are there to help children learn the social skills, but we hope they would incorporate this into their own way of interacting with others.

Think about your two year old or a two year old that you know and think about sharing.

Very few - in fact I don't know any two year old that's really interested in sharing.

That's because sharing requires that we be sensitive to others, that we have respect and that we're concerned about others.

These are skills that a very young child simply has not acquired yet.

The three to five year old, the school age kid however, has had lots of opportunities for socialization and so through this process they learn to give and to share with others.

As parents our role again is to guide and direct that process and we also need to be good role models of turn-taking and of sharing and we also need to be individuals who have reasonable expectations of our kids.

So we say that the two year old does not have the cognitive capacities to share but should we wait until they're five, six before we start teaching this skill?

No.

We shouldn't do that.

We should go on and try to teach the skill but keeping in mind our expectations, having reasonable expectations, realizing that the two year old is not sensitive.

The two year old does not necessarily have the skill of respect and concern for others.

The three year old, the five year old is gaining those skills and so we can have expectations that they would be better sharers than a very young child.

Cooperation, sharing and caring are important things to learn while you're growing up.

Know why?

Because these things along with good manners help make life a lot more pleasant for everyone.

Today we've seen a couple of ways people can work together and cooperate to get a job done, to make beautiful music and a beautiful picture.

Right now, though, it's time for me to say goodbye.

Till next time, life has many paths so remember to think and practice making the right choices.

So long.

♪♪♪