>> Ted: NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON, A GROUP REPRESENTING ARIZONA PROPERTY OWNERS TALKS ABOUT THE INCREASE IN ADDICTIONS IN MARICOPA COUNTY.

AND A NEW T-GEN RESEARCH STUDY LOOKS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND HOW MEMORY CHANGES WITH AGE.

>>> A NEW DOCUMENTARY EXAMINES AGRICULTURE AND CLIMATE CHANGE.

THOSE STORIES AND MORE NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON.

THIS HOUR OF LOCAL NEWS IS MADE POSSIBLE BY CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE FRIENDS OF PBS, MEMBERS OF YOUR PBS STATION.

THANK YOU.

>> Ted: WELCOME TO ARIZONA HORIZON.

I'M TED SIMONS.

MOHAAN ATTORNEY PLEDGED TO REPRESENT A COUNTY AGAINST HAND-COUNT LAWSUITS AT NO COSTS.

THE SAME ATTORNEY, BY THE WAY, WORKED FOR CYBERANYONE CYBERNINJA AND THE BOARD VOTED NO AND KRIS MAYES VOTING TO REQUIRE HAND COUNTING OF BALLOTS TO VIOLATE THE LAW.

>>> SAM ALTMAN WAS HIRED BY MICROSOFT.

HIS EXECUTIVE FROM OPEN A.I.

WAS FOLLOWED BY THE DEPARTURES OF OTHER TOP EXECUTIVES INCLUDING ANOTHER COFOUNDER WHO PLANS TO JOIN HIM AT MICROSOFT.

OTHER A.I.

EMPLOYEES COULD FOLLOW AND THEY RAISE EYEBROWSE AS MICROSOFT RAISED BILLIONS OF DOLLARS INTO OPEN A.I.

>>> A FEDERAL APPEAL'S COURT RULED PRIVATE ENTITIES CANNOT BRING LAWSUITS AGAINST THE VOTING RIGHT'S ACT.

THEY SAY ONLY THE U.S. JUSTICE DEPARTMENT COULD BRING SUCH LAWSUITS.

THE RULY SIGNALS ANOTHER SUPREME COURT SHOWDOWN INVOLVING THE LANMARK CIVIL RIGHT'S LAW AND THE MAJORITY OF LAWSUITS THAT FOCUS ON DISCRIMINATION DUE TO RACE ARE BROUGHT BY PRIVATE CITIZENS.

>>> TRAVEL NUMBERS FOR THANKSGIVING WEEKENDS HAVE TO HIT RECORD HIGHS AND THINGS WILL BE DICEY IN THE WEST AND SOUTH AND WEARING A MASK IS ONE OF THE BEST WAYS TO PROTECT AGAINST DEASES AND OF COURSE, IT'S NOT TOO LATE TO GET VACCINATED, INFLUENZA AND RSV.

>>> FREE HOME COVID TESTS ARE AGAIN NOW AVAILABLE IN THE U.S. FROM THE U.S. GOVERNMENT, I SHOULD SAY.

RESIDENTIAL HOUSEHOLDS CAN GET FOUR INDIVIDUAL RAPID ANTIGEN TESTS ONLINE AND THOSE WHO HAVE YET TO ORDER ANY TESTS CAN GET EIGHT OF THE NEW TESTS THIS GO-AROUND AND THEY WILL BEGIN TO SHIP NEXT WEEK AND THE DATES SHOW THEY'VE EXPIRED AND THE F.D.A.

EXTENDED THE EXPIRATION DATES.

>> THE RECENT SURGE OF EVICTIONS IN MARICOPA COUNTY IS RAISING CONCERNS AND QUESTIONS AS THE Y THE INCREASE IS HAPPENING AND WHAT COULD BE DONE TO ADDRESS THE ISSUE.

THE MULTIPLE HOUSING ASSOCIATION WANTS TO MAKE SURE THE PERSPECTIVE OF PROPERTY OWNERS IS HEARD AND JOIN JOINING US NOW NOW IS COURTNEY GILSTRAP LEVINUS.

>> I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THAT THE VAST MAJORITY OF PROPERTY OWNERS WORK WITH RESIDENTS TO KEEP THEM SAFELY HOUSED.

EVICTIONS ARE A LAST CASE AND WORSE CASE SCENARIO.

SO OUR MEMBERS TRY TO DO EVERYTHING BEFORE EVEN GETTING TO THAT POINT OF HAVING TO FILE AN EVICTION.

EVICTION FILINGS HAVE INCREASED.

BUT YOU THINK IT'S IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND WHAT'S BEHIND THOSE NUMBERS.

A FILING IS NOT AN ACTUAL EVICTION.

IT'S JUST THE BEGINNING OF THE PROCESS.

AND THEN ROUGHLY ABOUT A THIRD OR TWO-THIRDS OF THOSE FILINGS RESULT IN A JUDGMENT AND MAYBE ABOUT A THIRD OF THOSE ACTUALLY RESULT IN AN EVICTION.

BUT PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT NUMBER TO UNDERSTAND IS WE CAN'T LOOK AT THESE NUMBERS JUST IN A SILO, EITHER.

OVER A MILLION PEOPLE HAVE MOVED TO ARIZONA IN THE LAST TEN PLUS YEARS AND SO WHEN YOU LOOK AT EVICTIONS IN MARICOPA COUNTY IN 2010, THERE WERE ABOUT 16 FILINGS PER THOUSAND PEOPLE.

NOW, THERE'S ABOUT 14 FILINGS PER THOUSAND PEOPLE, SO THE ACTUAL FILINGS BASED ON A PER CAPITA BASIS HAVE DECREASED.

>> Ted: WHEN WE SEE MORE FILINGS IN OCTOBER THAN ANY MONTH SINCE 2005, IT'S BECAUSE THERE ARE MORE PEOPLE HERE.

>> THERE ARE MORE PEOPLE AND WE HAVE A LOT FOR APARTMENT COMMUNITIES AND MORE RENTAL HOMES AND APPROXIMATELY, ABOUT 350 TO 4 400,000 MORE RENTAL UNITS.

>> Ted: HOW DOES THE EVICTION PROCESS WORK?

I'M A RENTER AND I HAVE NOT PAID MY BILL FOR ONE MONTH AND LET'S SAY ONE MONTH AND WHAT HAPPENS?

>> SO YOU'LL GET A NOTICE FROM THE PROPERTY MANAGER THAT YOU'RE LATE OR YOU HAVE NOT PAID YOUR RENT.

AND IT WILL BE A NOTICE THAT, YOU KNOW, THEY'LL FILE AN EVICTION FILING.

THEN THEY FILE IN THE COURTS AND YOU RECEIVE, YOU KNOW, A NOTICE TO SHOW UP AT COURT ON X DAY.

A NUMBER OF YEARS AGO, WE PUT INTO PLACE IN ARIZONA FOLLOWING COVID THAT YOU DON'T HAVE TO PHYSICALLY SHOW UP TO COURT NOW.

YOU CAN PARTICIPATE IN THE COURT PROCESS VIA ZOOM AND YOU DON'T HAVE TO PHYSICALLY BE THERE AND THE JUDGE WILL MAKE A RULING ON WHETHER OR NOT TO RULE ON THE SIDE OF THE PLAINTIFF OR THE RESIDENT, THE PLAINTIFF BEING THE PROPERTY MANAGER AND A JUDGMENT MAY BE ISSUED.

>> Ted: MISSED PAYMENTS, I WOULD IMAGINE WOULD BE THE NUMBER ONE REASON FOR THE FILINGS.

>> YES, ABOUT 96% ARE FOR NONPAYMENT OF RENT.

>> Ted: THE AVERAGE JUDGMENT IS 3,100 AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN AND WHAT DOES IT SAY WHEN THE AVERAGE JUDGMENT IS OVER $3,000?

>> SO TYPICALLY, IT'S AT LEAST ONE MONTH'S RENT WHEN IT'S FILED AND IT INCLUDES LATE FEES, COURT FEES AND ATTORNEY FEES.

WIREWE'RE SEEING THAT NUMBER GO UP AND SOME OF IT HAS BEEN A FALLOUT OF COVID THAT WE HAVE MEMBERS THAT REALLY ARE TRYING TO WORK WITH RESIDENTS AND THEY'RE TRYING TO ACCESS EMERGENCY RENTAL ASSISTANCE FUNDS.

AND IF THEY'RE NOT ABLE TO ACCESS, YOU CAN GET TWO OR THREE MONTHS BEHIND.

THUS THE HIGHER NUMBER.

>> Ted: WE HAVE A PHOENIX APARTMENT VACANCY RATE AROUND 6.8, 7%.

>> WE'RE CREEPING UP HIGHER AND WE'RE GETTING TO ABOUT THE 92%, 9 3%.

>> Ted: WOW!

>> OCCUPANCY.

>> Ted: I'M JUST LOOKING AT RECENT NUMBERS FOR ONE BEDROOM AND 1300, 14 HUNT FOR A 14 HUNT FOR 14 HUNT 14 00 AND IS IT HIGHER.

>> SALARIES AND WAGES HAVE GONE UP AND INSURANCE IS ANOTHER HUGE FACTOR.

THE INSURANCE RATES HAVE GONE UP INCREDIBLY AND ALL OF THIS GOES INTO -- NOT TO MENTION PROPERTY TAX AND OTHER TAXES AND BUILT INTO THE COST OF THE RENT.

WE'VE SEEN SIGNIFICANT INCREASES.

ONE INTERESTING STATISTIC, I KNOW A COMMON MISCONCEPTION IS THAT PEOPLE THAT OWN RENTAL PROPERTY ARE MAKING MONEY HAND OVER FIST AND THAT'S NOT THE CASE.

1400 THEY MAKE ABOUT NINE CENTS OF EVERY DOLLAR FROM RENT AND IT'S VERY, VERY SMALL PROFIT MARGIN AND THERE'S NOT A LOT OF ROOM FOR ERROR.

>> Ted: SOME FOLKS THAT SUGGEST MUNICIPALITIES, CITIES, SHOULD BE ABLE TO IMPLEMENT A RENT CONTROL AND WHAT ARE YOUR THOUGHTS ON THAT?

>> RENT CONTROL AND WHERE SURPRISINGLY, ECONOMISTS ALMOST ACROSS THE BOARD AGREE THAT WHEN YOU PUT IN ARTIFICIAL TAPS OR PRICE CONTROLS, IT DRIVES PEOPLE OUT OF THE MARKET AND WE'VE SEEN A VERY RECENT EXAMPLE IN ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, WHERE THEY IMPLEMENTED A RENT CONTROL.

NEW DEVELOPMENT WENT DOWN BY 80% AND YOU SCARE AWAY THOSE WHO WENTWANT TO BUILD HOMES AND BUILD SOMEWHERE ELSE THAT DOESN'T WANT RENT CONTROL.

>> Ted: ZONING LAWS, HOW DO THEY IMPACT VACANCY RATE?

WHAT'S GOING ON AS FAR AS EVICTIONS AND HOW SHOULD THEY BE CHANGEDCHANGE?

>> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION.

ZONING LAWS NEED TO GET UPDATED AND MODERNIZED.

WE HAVE LITTLE LAND THAT IS ZONED MULTIFAMILY IN ARIZONA AND MOST OF THE LAND ZONED MULTIFAMILY IS ALREADY UNDER CONSTRUCTION OR IN THE CONSTRUCTION PIPELINE.

AND ACCORDING TO THE DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING, WE'RE 270,000 UNITS SHORTS IN ARIZONA AND 163,000 IN THE CITY OF PHOENIX.

SO WE NEED TO BUILD MORE OR WE'RE GOING TO FURTHER EXZAGS EXACERBATE THIS CRISIS.

>> Ted: COURTNEY GILSTRAP LEVINUS, GOOD TO HAVE YOU.

>> GOOD TO BE HERE, THANK YOU.

>> Ted: UP NEXT, A NEW T-GEN PROJECT GATHERING DATA ABOUT BRAIN AGING AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE.

>> LET ME HELP YOU ENJOY THIS SPECIAL PLACE.

I'M THE EXECUTIVE PRODUCER AND JOIN ME IN AN UPCOMING SPECIAL AND ALLOW ME TO BE YOUR GUIDE TO THE SECRET ROMANCES IN TOURING PORTOFINO.

(SINGING).

>> JOIN US AS WE INTRODUCE THE NEW DIVAS.

♪ IT'S A NEW DAWN ♪ >> SUNDAY NIGHT AT 8:30 ON ARIZONA PBS.

>> Ted: THE TRANSLATIONY TRANSLATION GENOMICS HAS MIND CROWD ON HOW MINDS CHANGE AND I SEE YOU'VE BROUGHT ALONG A FRIEND HERE.

[ Laughter ] >> Ted: LET'S TALK ABOUT MIND CROWD, WHAT IS THAT?

>> MIND CROWD IS OUR INTERNET BASED STUDY THE BRAIN AND WE'RE TEN YEARS OLD AND OVER 400,000 PEOPLE PARTICIPATED P. >> Ted: THIS HAS BEEN GOING ON FOR TEN YEARS?

>> THAT'S RIGHT.

WE'RE BRINGING OUR MOBE MOBILE LABORATORY AND BRINGING NEUROSCIENCE TO YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD.

>> Ted: THIS IS ONLINE RESEARCH, FOR THE MOST PART IN.

>> YOU CAN START JOINING US AT MINECROWD.ORG AND TAKES ABOUT TEN MINUTES TO JOIN OUR SCIENTIFIC STUDY.

>> WE ASK A FEW QUESTIONS ABOUT YOURSELF, LIKE YOUR AGE AND OTHER THINGS AND YOU PLAY TWO OF OUR MEMORY GAMES.

YOU GET TO SEE HOW YOU DO ON THOSE GAMES.

>> Ted: TWO DIFFERENT TESTS?

>> YES.

>> Ted: GIVE US A DIFFERENTIATION?

>> SO HOW FAST CAN YOU REACT AND THE SECOND ONE IS A MEMORY TEST TO ASK YOU TO REMEMBER WORD PAIRS.

>> Ted: ARE THERE RANKINGS FOR WHERE YOUR SCORES HIT?

>> YOU CAN SEE YOUR RESULT AND BRAG TO YOUR FRIENDS AND COMPETE WITH YOUR FRIENDS.

IT'S HELPING US TO UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OUR BRAINS.

WE ALL HAVE FRIENDS WHO ARE BETTER AT CERTAIN TYPES OFENINGS INOFTHINGS AND THAT'S TRUE ABOUT THE MEMORY AND WE'RE TRYING TO UNDERSTAND WHAT DRIVES THOSE DIFFERENCES AND MAKES THOSE DIFFERENT FROM EACH OTHER.

>> Ted: FOR THE ATTENTION TEST, WHAT ARE YOU LOOKING FOR AND WHAT'S THE FOCUS HERE?

>> WE'RE TRYING TO SEE HOW FAST YOU CAN REACT TO SOMETHING THAT CHANGES ON THE SCREEN.

AND WHEN THAT CHANGES, YOU JUST HAVE TO SIMPLY REACT TO IT.

AND THAT TELLS US A VERY BASIC PROCESS OF YOUR BRAIN.

BASICALLY THE CONNECTION BETWEEN YOUR EYES AND FINGER.

>> Ted: IF YOU TAKE THIS TEST OVER TIME, YOU CAN SEE HOW YOUR BRAIN IS DEVELOPING?

>> HOW YOUR BRAIN IS CHANGING ACROSS TIME.

WE ASK PEOPLE TO PARTICIPATE ONCE A YEAR AND TAKES 10 TO 15 MINUTES EACH TIME.

>> Ted: THE MEMORY TEST IS SIMILAR TO -- I'LL SHOW YOU SOMETHING AND HOW MUCH DO YOU REMEMBER?

>> WELL, WE PRESENT TWO WORD PAIRS THAT ARE NOT RELATED AND WE ASK YOU TO REMEMBER THOSE WORD PAIRS AND ASK YOU TO RECALL THEM.

>> Ted: WOW!

ANY REFREQUENT PREREQUISITES?

>> JUST 18 YEARS OR OLD.

IT'S NOT LIKE ONE OF THE POPULAR WORD GAMES OR ANYTHING.

WE WANT YOU TO COME BACK, THOUGH, YOU KNOW, ABOUT ONCE A YEAR.

TED >> Ted: THE REASON GOING MOBILE WITH THIS?

>> SCIENCE STRUGGLES WITH ENGAGING THE PUBLIC AND MAKING SURE THAT WE ARE OPENING OUR DOORS TO THE WHOLE COMMUNITY AND ONE OF THE SOLUTIONS WE BELIEVE VERY STRONGLY TO THAT IS TO BRING THE LABORATORY OUT INTO THE COMMUNITY.

SO MAKE IT EASY TO PARTICIPATE.

BEERWE'RE GOING TO BE IN YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD, DOWN THE STREET.

>> Ted: AS FAR AS RESULTS ARE CONCERNED, WHAT DO THEY TELL YOU AND WHAT DO THEY NOT TELL YOU?

>> YEAH.

THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION.

WE NEED TO REMEMBER THAT THIS IS A RESEARCH STUDY AND SO THESE ARE NOT DESIGNED TO DIAGNOSE A DISEASE.

SO THAT'S THE FIRST PART THAT'S REALLY IMPORTANT.

BUT, YOU GET TO SEE HOW YOU DO AND YOU MIGHT FIND NEW AREAS TO WORK ON, THINGS TO TRY TO IMPROVE.

>> Ted: AS FAR AS THE NUMBERS ARE CONCERNED, OBVIOUSLY, THIS IS A CROWD SOURCING SORT OF THING AND WHAT HAPPENS TO THESE NUMBERS?

>> WELL, WE JUST WANT TO KEEP GROWING IT AND GROWING IT.

OUR GOAL IS ONE MILLION PARENTS.

PARTICIPANTS.

WE CAN SEE ALL OF THE BEAUTIFUL DIFFERENCES AMONG US AND WE KNOW THAT THOSE PLAY A ROLE IN OUR HOW BRAIN WORKS AND MORE IMPORTANTLY, WE HAVE TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE HEALTHY BRAIN WORKS SO WE CAN START TO HELP AVOID DISEASES LIKE ALZHEIMER'S.

>> Ted: I GUESS YOU CAN FIND -- SO MANY PEOPLE TAKING THIS AND YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO FIND TRENDS, CORRECT?

>> THINGS THAT ARE RELATED TO HOW YOUR BRAIN PERFORMS.

>> Ted: SOME CLEAR THINGS YOU'RE STARTING TO SEE, WHAT ARE THEY?

>> SO, FOR EXAMPLE, WE KNOW THAT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH WORSE PERFORMANCE.

FOR EXAMPLE, HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, SMOKING, THOSE ARE RELATED TO WORSE PERFORMANCE ON THE MEMORY TEST.

>> Ted: INTERESTING.

BUT YOU HAVE TO -- I MEAN, HOW MUCH PERSONAL INFORMATION IS INVOLVED HERE?

YOU ASK IF YOU SMOKE AND HAVE HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE AND THOSE SORTS OF THINGS.

>> WE ASK ABOUT YOUR DISEASES, LIFESTYLE FACTORS AND FAIRLY LIMITED AND ONLY 25 QUESTIONS TOTAL.

>> Ted: IS THAT SHARED AND HOW SO?

>> WELL, WE KEEP IT WITHIN OUR PROJECT, BUT WE DO COLLABORATE WITH OTHER SCIENTISTS INTERESTED IN THE BRAIN AND THIS IS ALL VERY CLEARLY EXPLAINED THAT, YOU KNOW, WE MAY SHARE THIS DATA WITH OTHER SCIENTISTS TO REALLY FURTHER THE RESEARCH OF THE BRAIN.

>> Ted: ARE YOU GETTING THE RESPONSE THAT YOU THOUGHT YOU WOULD GETTIN YEARS GET TEN YEARS AGO?

>> I'M AMAZED AT THE RESPONSE AND IT REFLECTS THE PUBLIC'S INTEREST IN WHAT'S GOING ONED IN THEIR HEADS.

IT'S ONE OF THESE AREAS THAT REMAIN CLOSE TO US AND, YET, SO UNCOLOREDUNCOLORUNEXPLORED.

>> Ted: WHERE DO THEY GO?

IS THERE A LOCATION SYSTEM FOR YOUR VAN, DESTINATION POINTS FOR YOUR VAN?

>> SO STEP ONE IS JUST SIMPLY ANY DEVICE CONNECTED TO THE INTERNET, JOIN US AT MINDCROWD.ORG AND WE'LL LET YOU KNOW WHEN WE'RE COMING TO YOUR CITY.

>> Ted: VERY COOL!

DR. MATT HUENTELMAN, CONGRATULATIONS.

WHAT IS THIS ALL ABOUT?

>> ONE OF THE TAKE-HOMES YOU GET FROM THE STUDY.

IF YOU PARTICIPATE, WE'LL MAKE A MODEL OF YOUR BRAIN.

>> Ted: I THOUGHT THAT WAS ONE OF YOUR FORMER PATIENTS THERE.

[ Laughter ] >> THIS SHOWS UP IN THE MAIL ABOUT A MONTH AFTER YOU PARTICIPATE IN OUR STUDY.

>> Ted: YOU CAN EXPLAIN TO THE MAILMAN WHAT IT'S ABOUT.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

>> THANK YOU.

♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ >> TONIGHT ON THE NEWS HOUR, ISRAELI FORCES DESCEND ON ANOTHER GAZA HOSPITAL AS THE DEATH TOLL RISES.

THAT'S COMING YOU ON ARIZONA PBS.

>> Ted: A NEW DOCUMENTARY TAKES A CLOSER LOOK AT THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF CATTLE GRAZING, CALLED "ROOTS SO DEEP YOU CAN SEE THE DEFINITELY DOWN THERE" AND THE AUTHOR IS PETER BYCK AND CONGRATULATIONS ON THIS LATEST.

IT'S CARBONATION.

>> YOU GOT ME WHEN I FIRST GOT HERE TEN YEARS AGO.

>> Ted: THAT'S A LONG TIME AGO.

>> DON'T FORGET SCHOOL'S JOURNALISM.

>> Ted: OK. AGRICULTURE AND CLIMATE CHANGE, WHAT IS THAT ABOUT?

>> WHEN TREATED POORLY, THEY DON'T EMIT CARBON.

WHAT WE WERE LOOKING FOR IS WHAT SOLUTIONS CAN WE FOCUS ON THAT WOULD HAVE GREAT SCALE AND SO AGRICULTURE CAME UP IN OUR RESEARCH AND THEN WE FOUND OUT THAT THESE FOLKS WHO ARE DOING GRAZING, IT REPLICATES THE WAY THE BISON MOVES, THEY'RE, THEIR FORAGES HAD ALL KINDS OF PLANTS GROWING AND ANIMALS WERE HEALTHY AND MOVING IT AROUND FOR SHORT PERIODS OF TIME.

LETTING THE LAND REST MOST OF THE TIME.

>> Ted: THAT'S REGENERATIVE FARMING, CORRECT?

>> YES, FOLLOWING NATURE, BASICALLY.

>> Ted: THE BISON TAUGHT THIS LESSON AND WHAT DID THE BISON KNOW THAT WE DON'T?

>> THEY KNEW TOO EAT ONLY THE ONLY TO EAT WHAT THEY LIKED AND THEN, OBVIOUSLY, WOLVES AND STUFF WOULD MOVE THEM ON.

>> Ted: SO ADAPTIVE PADDOCK GRAZING AND THAT JUST MEANS, EAT OVER HERE FOR AWHILE AND OVER HERE FOR AWHILE.

>> Ted: THE FARMERS MOVED THEIR ANIMALS WITH A PIECE OF ELECTRIC WIRE AND PUT THEM IN A SMALL PADDOCK AND MOVE THEM AND THE ANIMALS POOP AND PEE AND FERTILIZE THAT LAND AND STOMP IT DOWN KEEPING THE SOIL MOIST AND COOL.

THE MICROBES, THAT'S THE GAME, KEEPING THEM HEALTHY.

>> Ted: A REST PERIOD.

A REST PERIOD FOR SOME OF THAT LAND.

>> MOST FARM WILL BE RESTING MOST OF THE TIME AND AND THAT'S WHEN THE PLANTS REGROW AND PLANTS THAT GROW ARE SUCKING DOWN CO2 FROM THE ANDS.

IT'S CLEAR ANIMALS BURP METHANE AND THAT'S A WARMER AND SO MUCH MORE CARBON THAT NET IT'S A COOLER.

COOLING.

>> Ted: MORE GOING DOWN AND YOU HAVE A GOOD EQUATION.

>> THAT'S RIGHT.

AND ALL OF THE WILDLIFE COMES TO THE FARM, AS WELL AND WATER INFILTRATION, INCREDIBLY DOUBLE.

EVERY METCIC IS IMPROVED.

>> Ted: THIS ON ALL TYPES OF LAND?

>> OUR RESEARCH IS IN THE SOUTH U.S. AND OUR COLLABORATORS AND FOLKS WE KNOW TEACHING IS SEEING IT WORK IN THE DESERT AND NORTH DAKOTA AND SOUTH DAKOTA AND WHERE FARMERS DO IT WELL.

>> Ted: YOU SAY IT'S MORE PROFITABLE.

>> YES.

>> Ted: I CAN SEE A FARMER BEING SKEPTICAL.

>> SOME RUMORS IS IT WOULD BE MORE WORK, BUT ACTUALLY, IT IS THE SAME AMOUNT OF WORK OR THE SAME.

WE'VE BEEN FILMING FARMERS FOR TEN YEARS.

THE COSTS OF FERTILIZER GO AWAY AND HERBICIDES GO AWAY AND MUCH LOWER OPERATING EXPENSE AND THEN THE ACTUAL CELL THE ANIMAL, THE ANIMALS THEMSELVES SELL FOR A PREMIUM AND THE DELTA'S GROWING FOR THE FARMER TO MAKE A PROFIT AS OPPOSED TO DEBT.

>> Ted: YOU'VE WORKED WITH FARMERS OVER THE YEARS AND THEY'RE IN YOUR FILMS AND HOW MANY HAVE BEEN SKEPTICAL AND HOW MANY HAVE BEEN WON OVER AND HOW MANY SAY, NOT FOR ME?

>> IN OUR STUDY, WE HAVE FIVE ADAPTIVE FARMERS AND NEIGHBORS WHO ARE CONVENTIONAL, RIGHT?

>> RIGHT.

>> Ted: I DON'T WANT TO.WHEN FARMERS ARE GIVEN DATA AND TOLD ABOUT THEIR ECONOMICS IMPROVE AND THAT WILDLIFE IMPROVES AND WATER INFILTRATION IMPROVES, THEY'RE VERY, VERY INTERESTED IN THAT.

IT REACHES THEM.

>> Ted: AGAIN, WE'RE TALKING CATTLE GRAZING AND NOT GROWN CORN.

>> OUR STUDY IS SPECIFICALLY ABOUT GRAZING AND SO HE'S EXCITED ABOUT THEY'RE EATING QUAIL ON THAT LAND AND NATURE COMING AND SAYING, I WANT TO BE HERE AND NOT THERE.

THE OWN DIFFERENCE IS A FENCE.

>> Ted: AS LONG THERE'S NEED, THEY DON'T CARE WHERE THEY GO, DO THEY?

DO THEY NEED ROOM TO STRETCH OUT?

>> WHICH ANIMALS?

>> Ted: WHICHEVER ANIMALS.

>> THE FARMERS ARE REWILDING THEIR FARMERS.

>> Ted: THIS IS FASCINATING AND GOT YOU INTO THIS?

>> SOLUTIONS TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND LOOKING FOR SOLUTIONS CLIMATE CHANGE IS WHAT GOT ME IN.

WITH THIS WORK, WITH THE GRAZING AND THE SCIENCE WE'VE BEEN ABLE TO PUT TOGETHER WITH SCIENCES FROM ALL OVER THE U.S., FARMERS FROM ALL OVER THE U.S., NOW IT'S MUCH ABOUT ADVOCATING FOR FARMERS AS SOLUTIONS TO CLIMATE CHANGE.

AND THEN YOU FIND OUT THAT IT'S A SOLUTION FOR RURAL ECONOMIES AND A SOLUTION FOR WATER CYCLING AND IT'S A SOLUTION THAT WORKS ON SO MANY LEVELS AND KIND OF AMAZING.

>> Ted: IS IT A SOLUTION THAT WOULD WORK ON A CORPORATE FARM, A MASSIVE CORPORATE FARM?

>> YES.

WE'VE FILMED PLACES THAT HAD 500 HERD OF CATTLE AND A HUSBAND AND WIFE IN THEIR 60s.

MOST IS NOT CORPORATE.

WHEN IT'S CORPORATE IS WHEN THE CATTLE IS BROUGHT TO A FEED LOT, A SECRETARY OFA CONCENTRATED FEED LOT AND THE AVERAGE HERD SIZE IN THE U.S. IS 30 OR 40 ANIMALS.

>> Ted: ROOTS SO DEEP, YOU CAN SEE THE DEVIL DOWN THERE.

>> ROOTSSODEEP.ORG AND WE'RE ON A ROAD TRIP, THE HOMETOWN ROAD SHOW AND SHOWING IT TO PEOPLE ALL OVER THE COUNTRY AND IT'S UP FOR RENTAL IN APRIL.

>> Ted: THANK YOU FOR SHARING.

>> THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME.

>> Ted: THAT'S IT FOR NOW.

I'M TED SIMONS.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US AND YOU HAVE A GREAT EVENING.