
The Untold Story of NASA’s First Class of Female Astronauts
Clip: 9/22/2023 | 17m 36sVideo has Closed Captions
Loren Grush discusses her new book, "The Six."
Journalist Loren Grush explores the story of America’s first female astronauts in her new book "The Six." The author speaks with Hari Sreenivasan about the discrimination faced by these trailblazing women — and the legacy they left.
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The Untold Story of NASA’s First Class of Female Astronauts
Clip: 9/22/2023 | 17m 36sVideo has Closed Captions
Journalist Loren Grush explores the story of America’s first female astronauts in her new book "The Six." The author speaks with Hari Sreenivasan about the discrimination faced by these trailblazing women — and the legacy they left.
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Learn Moreabout PBS online sponsorship>>> SIX EXTRAORDINARY TRAILBLAZING WOMEN.
JOURNALIST LOREN GRUSH EXPLORES THE STORIES OF AMERICA'S FIRST FEMALE ASTRONAUTS IN HER NEW BOOK "THE SIX."
SHE JOINS HARI SREENIVASAN TO DISCUSS.
>> LOREN GRUSH, THANKS SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.
40 YEARS SINCE SALLY RIDE BECAME PART OF THE FIRST BATCH OF STRIKEOUTS SELECTED.
WE REMEMBER HER NAME BECAUSE SHE WAS THE FIRST FEMALE ASTRONAUT.
YOU CHOSE TO WRITE "THE SIX" ON THE ENTIRE FIRST CLASS, IF YOU WILL.
FIRST OF ALL, WHY?
>> WELL, YOU KIND OF SAID IT.
I FEEL LIKE MOST OF THE AMERICAN PUBLIC VIVIDLY REMEMBERS SALLY RIDE OR AT LEAST KNOWS THAT NAME.
BUT MAYBE MOST DON'T KNOW SHE WAS ONE OF SIX WOMEN WHO CAME ON BOARD AS THE FIRST CLASS OF WOMEN ASTRONAUTS IN 1978.
AND I WAS THE SAME WAY.
I FELT LIKE, EVEN AS A SPACE REPORTER, I KNEW SALLY RIDE.
I REALLY DIDN'T HAVE THE FULL HISTORY OF THESE OTHER FIVE WOMEN.
BUT WHAT I LEARNED FROM STUDYING THEM AND RESEARCHING THEM IS THAT ANY ONE OF THE SIX OF THEM COULD HAVE BEEN THE FIRST AMERICAN WOMAN TO FLY.
SO I KIND OF LOVE THAT, YOU KNOW, DIVING BACK AND THINKING OF THE WHAT-IFS.
IF IT HAD JUST GONE ANOTHER WAY.
I FOUND THAT REALLY INTERESTING.
I THOUGHT, THEIR STORIES ARE JUST AS UNIQUE AND EXCITING AND WORTH SHARING.
SO I THOUGHT IT WOULD BE A GREAT WAY TO SHINE A SPOTLIGHT ON THIS GREAT GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS.
>> YEAH, AND THEY WERE ALL INCREDIBLY BRIGHT WOMEN.
I THINK FOUR Ph.Ds, TWO M.D.s.
THEY'RE ACCOMPLISHED IN THEIR LIVES ALREADY.
WHAT IS IT ABOUT THE SPACE PROGRAM THAT MADE THEM CURIOUS?
AND HOW DID THEY HEAR ABOUT IT OR WANT TO BE AN ASTRONAUT?
>> WELL, SOME OF THEM, YOU KNOW -- I THINK THEY'RE A GREAT ILLUSTRATION OF HOW THERE'S REALLY NO ONE TRUE PATH TO SPACE.
SOME OF THEM DREAMED OF BEING ASTRONAUTS SINCE THEY WERE LITTLE GIRLS.
SOME OF THEM DID NOT.
THEY ONLY WERE INTERESTED IN SCIENCE OR THEIR CHOSEN FIELDS, BUT THEN WHEN THEY SAW THAT NASA WAS ADVERTISING AND ACTUALLY BRINGING WOMEN INTO THE PROGRAM, THAT'S WHEN THEY REALIZED THAT, OH, I HAVE THE RIGHT CREDENTIALS.
I THINK THIS MIGHT BE REALLY SOMETHING I LOVE TO DO.
THEY ALL FOUND OUT ABOUT IT IN VARIOUS WAYS BECAUSE NASA WAS REALLY KEEN AT THE TIME TO MAKE SURE THAT WOMEN AND PEOPLE OF COLOR KNEW THAT THEY WERE OPENING UP THE ASTRONAUT SELECTION TO A WIDER ARRAY OF INDIVIDUALS.
AND SO THEY ALL HAVE THEIR UNIQUE PATHS ON GETTING TO SPACE.
I THINK THAT'S WHAT MAKES THEM SUCH A GREAT GROUP IS BECAUSE THEY ARE SO DIFFERENT AND INTERESTING IN HOW THEY GOT THERE.
>> WHAT'S ENLIGHTENING ABOUT YOUR BOOK IS NOT JUST THAT YOU'RE GETTING TO THESE SIX, BUT THERE WERE ACTUALLY QUITE A FEW WOMEN BEFORE THEM THAT HAD CONTINUED -- BEGAN THIS FIGHT FOR EQUALITY AND CONTINUED AND CONTINUED UNTIL IT GOT TO A POINT WHERE THEY WERE ALLOWED IN.
>> YES.
SO THE BOOK DOES DETAIL A KIND OF FAMOUS GROUP OF WOMEN KIND OF KNOWN AS THE MERCURY 13.
IT'S NOT THE BEST NAME FOR THEM, BUT IT'S A NOD TO THE FACT THAT THEY PASSED THE SAME TESTS GIVEN TO THE MERCURY 7 ASTRONAUTS, THE FIRST ASTRONAUTS THAT CAME INTO THE PROGRAM, THE MALE ASTRONAUTS.
AND THEY VERY MUCH WANTED TO KEEP TRAINING TO GO TO SPACE, BUT THEIR TRAINING WAS CUT SHORT ONCE NASA AND THE U.S. GOVERNMENT FOUND OUT ABOUT IT BECAUSE IT WASN'T A NASA-SANCTIONED PROGRAM.
THEY LOBBIED CONGRESS HARD TO MAKE SURE THEY COULD KEEP TRAINING, TO TRY AND CONVINCE THEM THAT IT WAS IMPORTANT TO SEND A WOMAN INTO SPACE ALONG WITH THE MEN.
BUT ULTIMATELY AT THE TIME, THIS WAS THE 1960s, WE WERE VERY MUCH IN A HEATED SPACE RACE WITH THE SOVIETS TO GET TO THE MOON FIRST.
AND SO NASA DIDN'T REALLY SEE IT AS A PRIORITY TO SEND A WOMAN INTO SPACE.
IT WAS SEEN AS MORE OF A DISTRACTION.
ULTIMATELY THE SOVIETS DID END UP BEATING US BY SENDING THEIR FIRST WOMAN INTO SPACE.
WHEN THAT HAPPENED, YOU KNOW, NASA AND THE U.S. JUST DIDN'T SEE -- THEY KIND OF BRUSHED IT OFF AS A PUBLICITY STUNT.
>> THERE'S AN INTERESTING PIECE OF TESTIMONY THAT YOU HAVE FROM A HOUSE SPACE COMMITTEE IN 1962.
WE'RE TALKING ABOUT JOHN GLENN, THE ASTRONAUT.
HE WAS TESTIFYING THAT WOMEN WOULD JUST NOT BE, QUOTE, AN ESSENTIAL ASSET FOR THE SPACE PROGRAM.
HE SAID IT, QUOTE, GETS BACK TO THE WAY OUR SOCIAL ORDER IS ORGANIZED.
I MEAN, THAT MUST HAVE BEEN AN INCREDIBLE BLOW TO WOMEN LISTENING, WOMEN IN NASA, SEEING AN ASTRONAUT HAVE THIS PLATFORM AND CHOOSE TO BE THIS DISMISSIVE.
>> IT REALLY WAS.
AND I THINK IT JUST KIND OF ILLUSTRATES HOW STRONG THE CULTURAL BIASES OF THE TIME WERE.
HERE WE HAD A VERY FAMOUS NASA ASTRONAUT PROPPING UP THESE -- THIS SEXISM.
I THINK IT WAS PRETTY NORMAL AT THE TIME FOR A LOT OF PEOPLE TO THINK THAT WAY.
NOT JUST MEN, BUT WOMEN AS WELL.
AND SO IT JUST GOES TO SHOW WHAT THESE WOMEN WERE UP AGAINST, HOW DIFFICULT IT WAS TO PUSH BACK AGAINST A VERY STRONG PATRIARCHY.
>> TELL ME ABOUT HOW THEY NAVIGATED THROUGH THIS.
WHAT KINDS OF TRAINING DID THEY HAVE TO GO THROUGH?
>> RIGHT.
SO PROBABLY THE MOST EXCITING PART OF THE TRAINING IS THAT THEY HAD TO STAY CURRENT IN NASA'S SUITE OF T-38 JETS.
FOR THE WOMEN, SOME OF THEM WERE PILOTS WHEN THEY CAME ON THE PROGRAM, BUT THEY HADN'T FLOWN JETS BEFORE.
THEY WERE BACK SEATERS.
WHILE THEY WOULD GET TO TAKE CONTROL IN THE AIR OF THE PLANE, THEY COULDN'T TAKE OFF OR LAND.
HOWEVER, I DID SPEAK TO A FEW OF THEIR FORMER COLLEAGUES WHO TOLD ME THEY DID LET THEM TAKE OFF AND LAND BUT ONLY ADMITTED THAT MANY YEARS LATER.
BUT THE MAJORITY OF THEIR TIME WAS SPENT IN THE CLASSROOM.
LEARNING THE INS AND OUTS OF THE NEW SPACE SHUTTLE.
EVERY SYSTEM, EVERY COMPONENT.
IF ANYTHING BROKE OR ANY SYSTEM WENT WRONG, THEY HAD TO BE ABLE TO FIX IT OR TO TROUBLESHOOT IT.
AND THEN ALSO LEARNING VARIOUS SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES.
THE VARIOUS PAYLOADS THEY WOULD DEPLOY.
THEY WOULD BE STUDYING THE STARS OR LOOKING BACK AT EARTH.
THEY WOULD STUDY GEOLOGY.
OCEANOGRAPHY.
ASTROPHYSICS.
WHICH SOME OF THE WOMEN HAD ALREADY STUDIED PRETTY EXTENSIVELY BEFORE THEY CAME ON THE PROGRAM.
A LOT OF INFORMATION.
LEARNING LOTS OF THINGS THEY HAD TO RETAIN AND RECALL AT THE DROP OF A DIME.
>> YOU HAVE AN ANECDOTE ABOUT THEM GOING TO SEATTLE, I THINK IT WAS BOEING, AND KIND OF INTRODUCED TO THE 747.
TELL ME ABOUT THAT.
>> THIS STORY IS JUST GREAT.
IT REALLY SHOWS JUST HOW QUICKLY THE WOMEN REALLY TOOK TO THE FLYING AND THE CONTROLS OF A -- OF AN AIRCRAFT.
SO WHILE THEY WERE TRAINING, A GROUP OF THE WOMEN, JUDY RESNICK, ANNA FISHER, AND SALLY RIDE, WITH THREE OF THEIR MALE ASTRONAUT COLLEAGUES, WENT TO SEATTLE TO TAKE A -- TO VISIT BOEING, WHICH WAS WORKING ON THE 747 THAT WOULD TRANSPORT THE SPACE SHUTTLE WHENEVER IT NEEDED TO MOVE ACROSS THE COUNTRY.
WHEN THEY WERE THERE, ONE OF THEIR BOEING CHAPERONES ASKED IF THEY WANTED TO SEE THE PLANE AND FLY THE PLANE.
AND THEY WERE THINKING IT WOULD BE THE SIMULATOR.
BUT HE SAID, "OH, NO, LET'S ACTUALLY FLY THE 747."
SO THEY GET INTO THE PLANE.
AND THE BOEING REPRESENTATIVE ASKS THE WOMEN, ONE OF THE WOMEN, IF THEY'D LIKE TO TAKE OFF AND LAND.
NOT KNOWING THAT THEY WEREN'T TRUE PILOTS.
THEY HAD JUST JOINED THE PROGRAM.
THEY DIDN'T HAVE ANY EXPERIENCE FLYING.
DEFINITELY NOT A 747.
BUT HE THOUGHT THEY WERE PILOTS.
"YEAH, SURE, I'LL TAKE IT FOR A SPIN."
THE THREE OF THEM WOULD GO ON TO TAKE OFF AND LAND, AND THEN AT ONE POINT THE REPRESENTATIVE ASKED SALLY, "HEY, HOW MANY OTHER PLANES HAVE YOU BEEN CHECKED OUT ON?"
SHE GOES, "OH, YOU KNOW, NONE.
I'M NOT ACTUALLY A PILOT."
ONE OF THE OTHER ASTRONAUTS TOLD ME HE TURNED GHOST WHITE WHEN HE HEARD THAT.
HE REALIZED HE HAD JUST LET SOME NOVICE PILOTS FLY THE PLANE.
HE HAD NO IDEA, THEY FLEW LIKE PROS.
>> SO THERE WAS A REPORT THAT WAS FILED BY A WOMAN NAMED RUTH BATES HARRIS.
AND MOST PEOPLE WON'T KNOW SHE WAS A BLACK WOMAN WHO WAS ORIGINALLY HIRED TO RUN NASA'S KIND OF EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY OFFICE.
BUT SHE DID PUBLISH THIS REPORT ABOUT THE STATE KIND OF DIVERSITY IN NASA.
WHAT DID SHE FIND?
>> SHE FOUND THAT IT WAS PRETTY DISMAL AT THE TIME.
THIS WAS BEFORE THE SIX WOMEN CAME ON BOARD.
THIS WAS IN THE EARLY 1970s.
AND REALLY, SHE AND HER CO-WORKERS DID THIS REPORT UNPROMPTED.
THEY REALLY JUST WANTED TO TAKE A LOOK AT THE STATE OF THE AGENCY.
AND THERE'S A GREAT QUOTE IN THAT REPORT THAT REALLY ILLUSTRATES JUST HOW POORLY NASA HAD TRIED TO BRING WOMEN AND PEOPLE OF COLOR INTO THE PROGRAM AT THAT POINT.
I DON'T REMEMBER THE EXACT QUOTE OFF THE TOP OF MY HEAD, BUT IT WAS SOMETHING ALONG THE LINES OF, NASA HAS SENT THREE WOMEN INTO SPACE, TWO SPIDERS AND ONE MONKEY.
IT JUST REALLY PAINTED A GRIM PICTURE OF DIVERSITY AT THE AGENCY.
THEN ULTIMATELY AFTER THAT REPORT CAME OUT, SHE WAS FIRED.
AND CALLED A DISRUPTIVE FORCE.
NOW NASA TRIED TO BACKTRACK AND SAY IT WASN'T BECAUSE OF THE REPORT.
ULTIMATELY, THAT DID SHINE A LIGHT ON WHAT SHE HAD FOUND.
AND IT WAS GETTING TO THE POINT WHERE NASA REALLY COULDN'T HIDE FROM THIS PROBLEM ANYMORE.
THEY WERE GETTING A LOT OF QUESTIONS INTERNALLY AND EXTERNALLY ABOUT WHY THEY HADN'T BROUGHT IN WOMEN AND PEOPLE OF COLOR UP TO THAT POINT.
>> WERE THESE SIX WOMEN CONSCIOUS ON A SORT OF DAILY BASIS OF THE INCREASED SCRUTINY THAT WAS ON THEM AND HOW THE SPOTLIGHT WAS ON THEM?
BECAUSE SALLY RIDE WAS SELECTED, BUT IT COULD HAVE BEEN ANY OF THEM.
>> ABSOLUTELY.
SO I THINK THEY VERY MUCH KNEW HOW MUCH OF A MICROSCOPE THEY WERE UNDER WHEN THEY WERE PRESENTED TO THE PUBLIC FOR THE VERY FIRST TIME AT NASA.
YOU KNOW, WHEN THEY CAME ON BOARD, THEY WERE OFFERED UP FOR INTERVIEWS, THE ENTIRE CLASS WAS OFFERED UP FOR INTERVIEWS.
THIS WAS 35 PEOPLE THAT THE SIX WOMEN WERE A PART OF.
AND THE PRESS ONLY WANTED TO SPEAK TO THE SIX WOMEN AND THE ASTRONAUTS OF COLOR WHO HAD COME ON BOARD.
SO THEY KNEW HOW MUCH SCRUTINY THEY WERE UNDER.
AND I THINK A VERY POIGNANT QUOTE THAT SALLY RIDE GAVE WHEN SHE FIRST FLEW, BEFORE SHE FLEW TO SPACE, WAS THAT HER BIGGEST FEAR WAS SHE WAS GOING TO MESS UP.
I THINK A LOT IS LOADED IN THAT STATEMENT, WHICH IS THAT, YOU KNOW, SHE KNEW THAT SHE WOULD BE REPRESENTING NOT JUST HERSELF, BUT ALL OF WOMEN WHEN SHE WENT TO SPACE FOR THE FIRST TIME.
AND I THINK THAT'S TRUE OF ANYONE FROM AN UNDERREPRESENTED GROUP, IS THAT YOU STAND IN FOR EVERYONE ELSE THAT'S LIKE YOU.
SHE KNEW IF SHE MESSED UP, THE PRESS WERE GOING TO WRITE HEADLINES, "WOMAN MESSES UP IN SPACE."
NOT SALLY RIDE MESSES UP IN SPACE, BUT WOMAN MESSES UP IN SPACE.
FORTUNATELY, THEY DID SUCH AN AMAZING JOB AND THEY'VE REALLY HELPED TO PAVE THE WAY FOR THE WOMEN THAT CAME AFTER THEM BECAUSE THEY WERE SO ADEPT AND CAPABLE OF THEIR JOBS.
>> YOU END THE BOOK WITH THE "CHALLENGER" TRAGEDY IN 1986.
JUDY RESNICK WAS ON THAT.
WHY DID YOU THINK IT WAS IMPORTANT TO KIND OF BOOKEND THE BOOK THERE?
>> I THINK I WANTED TO GIVE JUDY A PROPER SENDOFF.
ALSO, I THINK THE "CHALLENGER" ACCIDENT REALLY SERVES AS AN END OF A CHAPTER FOR THIS ERA OF THE SPACE PROGRAM.
DURING THE EARLY DAYS OF THE SHUTTLE, IT REALLY WAS A VERY CELEBRATORY TIME.
AND THERE WAS ALSO KIND OF THIS IDEA THAT NASA COULD DO NOTHING WRONG.
AND SO AS THE SHUTTLE KEPT LAUNCHING, WE WERE ADDING ON PAYLOAD SPECIALISTS, WE WERE ADDING ON POLITICIANS TO FLIGHTS.
THEN OBVIOUSLY, WE FAMOUSLY NEW A TEACHER ON THE "CHALLENGER" FLIGHT.
AND BEFORE THAT HAPPENED, WE WERE ABOUT TO FLY A JOURNALIST.
SO, YOU KNOW, IT WAS A VERY DIFFERENT TIME BEFORE "CHALLENGER" FLEW.
AND THEN ONCE IT DID FLY, YOU KNOW, EVERYTHING CHANGED.
YOU KNOW, NASA HAD TO COMPLETELY RE-EVALUATE ITS SAFETY PROCEDURES AND ITS PROTOCOLS.
AND IT TRANSFORMED THE AGENCY INTO ITS NEW ERA, A NEW ERA FOR THE SPACE SHUTTLE.
SO I REALLY SEE THE "CHALLENGER" ACCIDENT AS THE END OF A CHAPTER.
AND THE BEGINNING OF A NEW GENERATION FOR THE SPACE PROGRAM.
>> JUMPING KIND OF FORWARD TO TODAY, THERE ARE EFFORTS UNDER WAY TO LAUNCH A MISSION THAT WOULD PUT THE FIRST WOMAN ON THE MOON.
BESIDES THE SYMBOLIC SIGNIFICANCE, WHAT DO YOU THINK NASA IS HOPING FOR WITH IT?
>> WELL, I THINK WE'RE TRYING TO, YOU KNOW, CORRECT MANY DECADES OF BEING BEHIND IN THIS AREA.
AND I THINK, YOU KNOW, THE ARTEMIS PROGRAM WHICH YOU'VE MENTIONED IS VERY UNIQUE IN THAT IT'S THE FIRST TIME NASA HAS REALLY MADE THE STATED GOAL OF SENDING A WOMAN AND A PERSON OF COLOR TO THE LUNAR SURFACE.
I DON'T THINK THEY'VE REALLY MADE THAT STATEMENT FOR ANY OTHER OF THEIR PROGRAMS.
THEY'VE NEVER DICTATED WHO THEY WERE GOING TO FLY.
THAT'S A REALLY INTERESTING EVOLUTION IN THE SPACE PROGRAM.
SOME MIGHT AGREE WITH IT, SOME MIGHT NOT, BUT IT DOES GO TO SHOW THIS IS TOP OF MIND FOR THE SPACE AGENCY.
AND YOU KNOW, I THINK IT'S INTERESTING BECAUSE WE DO HAVE A BIT OF A WAY TO GO IN TERMS OF REACHING TRUE PARITY.
LESS THAN ONE-SIXTH OF THE PEOPLE WHO HAVE GONE TO SPACE HAVE BEEN WOMEN.
AND FOR WOMEN OF COLOR, THE STATISTICS ARE PRETTY ABHORRENT.
WE HAVE QUITE A WAYS TO GO TO CATCH UP.
AND SO I THINK IT'S REALLY QUITE INSPIRING THAT NASA IS MAKING THAT A GOAL.
I THINK IT'S ALSO AN IMPORTANT LESSON THAT RELATES BACK TO THE SIX AND THE FIRST WOMEN WHO CAME ON BOARD.
WHEN THE 1977 SELECTION PROCESS HAPPENED, YOU KNOW, THE SELECTION BOARD MADE BRINGING PEOPLE OF COLOR AND WOMEN TOP OF MIND.
THEY WERE VERY CLEAR TO -- WHEN THEY ADVERTISED THE PROGRAM THAT THEY WANTED A WIDER ARRAY OF PEOPLE TO COME ON BOARD.
AND BECAUSE THEY MADE MAY A PRIORITY, IT DICTATED HOW THEY ADVERTISED AND WHO THEY ADVERTISED TO.
AND THAT ULTIMATELY LED TO THEIR SUCCESS IN BRINGING MUCH MORE DIVERSE CREW OF ASTRONAUTS INTO THE PROGRAM.
JUST GOES TO SHOW THAT WHEN YOU MAKE IT A STATED GOAL, IT MAKES IT MUCH MORE EASIER THAT YOU WILL BE SUCCESSFUL.
>> IN A WAY, YOUR BOOK IS REALLY KIND OF LOOKING AT ALSO THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF WHAT PRODUCED THESE WOMEN IN THE FIRST PLACE.
KIND OF THE RIPPLE EFFECTS OF NOT JUST THEIR PRESENCE, BUT WHAT HAPPENS IN ACADEMIA, IN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC COMPANIES.
ARE THERE ENOUGH MENTORS WHO ARE WOMEN WHO CAN SUPPORT ANOTHER GENERATION OF YOUNG WOMEN TO BECOME ASTRONAUTS AND EVEN MUCH MORE?
>> YEAH, I WOULD SAY ONE OF THE BIGGEST THINGS THAT THE SIX WERE ABLE TO DO FOR NASA IS TO SIMPLY PAVE THE WAY FOR MORE WOMEN TO COME AFTER THEM.
THEY DIDN'T HAVE THE MENTORS THAT ASTRONAUTS NOW HAVE.
BUT EVER SINCE THE SIX CAME ON BOARD, YOU KNOW, THEY EXPERIENCED WHAT IT WAS LIKE TO GET PREGNANT WHILE AN ASTRONAUT.
SO THEY WERE ABLE TO SHARE THEIR EXPERIENCES WITH OTHER WOMEN WHO CAME ON.
AND THEN ALSO WANTED TO GET PREGNANT.
THAT'S ULTIMATELY WHAT PIONEERS HELP WITH.
THEY MAKE THE ROAD SLIGHTLY EASIER FOR THE ONES WHO COME AFTER THEM.
I KNOW, SPEAKING WITH SOME OF THE ASTRONAUTS TODAY, THAT THEY'RE INCREDIBLY GRATEFUL FOR THAT BECAUSE THEY ARE ABLE TO HAVE THAT HISTORY OF WOMEN BEHIND THEM SO THAT THEY HAVE ALL THESE EXPERIENCES AND THEY HAVE ALL THAT SUPPORT FOR ANY OF THE PROBLEMS THAT THEY MIGHT HAVE WHEN THEY'RE IN THE FIELD.
>> NOW, WHAT HAS WRITING THIS BOOK MEANT TO YOU?
YOU'RE THE DAUGHTER OF PARENTS WHO WORKED AT NASA.
WHY WAS IT IMPORTANT FOR YOU TO TACKLE THIS TOPIC?
YOU COVER SPACE EVERY DAY.
YOU HAD FOR YEARS AND YEARS.
WHY THIS BEAT?
>> WELL, I HAVE BEEN COVERING SPACE NOW FOR NEARLY TEN YEARS.
AND I'VE ALWAYS WANTED TO WRITE A BOOK, BUT I NOTICED THAT A LOT OF THE BOOKS ABOUT SPACE NOWADAYS DO CENTER ON MEN.
AND IT JUST -- IT'S ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE FACT THAT IT'S STILL QUITE A MALE-DOMINATED INDUSTRY.
IT WAS REALLY IMPORTANT TO ME TO FIND A STORY THAT CENTERED WOMEN IN SPACE.
IT'S BEEN VERY IMPORTANT TO ME AS A SPACE REPORTER TO FIND THE OTHER WOMEN AROUND ME.
EVEN SPACE REPORTING IS A PRETTY MALE-DOMINATED FIELD.
AS I PROGRESSED IN THIS INDUSTRY, I'VE FOUND MORE AND MORE AMAZING WOMEN WHO REPORT ON SPACE AS WELL.
AND FIND HAVING THAT CAMARADERIE WITH THEM HAS BEEN ONE OF THE MOST VALUABLE THINGS IN MY LIFE.
AND I IMAGINE FOR OTHER WOMEN IN THIS INDUSTRY, IT'S ALSO VALUABLE, KNOWING ABOUT THE WOMEN WHO CAME BEFORE THEM AND PAVED THAT WAY.
IT'S VALUABLE FOR ME, AND IT'S INSPIRING FOR ME TOO.
THAT'S ULTIMATELY WHAT I HOPE THIS GIVES TO EVERYONE WHO'S REALIZING THAT THEY'RE NOT ALONE THAT THERE'S OTHERS JUST LIKE THEM.
>> THE BOOK IS CALLED "THE SIX."
AUTHOR LOREN GRUSH, THANK YOU.
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