
This Millipede and Beetle Have a Toxic Relationship
Season 6 Episode 8 | 4m 27sVideo has Audio Description
This millipede uses deadly cyanide gas to keep predators at bay.
This millipede uses deadly cyanide gas to keep predators at bay. But one beetle can tolerate the toxic defense and rides the millipede like a bucking bronco. Who will win this showdown in the forest?
See all videos with Audio DescriptionADProblems playing video? | Closed Captioning Feedback
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This Millipede and Beetle Have a Toxic Relationship
Season 6 Episode 8 | 4m 27sVideo has Audio Description
This millipede uses deadly cyanide gas to keep predators at bay. But one beetle can tolerate the toxic defense and rides the millipede like a bucking bronco. Who will win this showdown in the forest?
See all videos with Audio DescriptionADProblems playing video? | Closed Captioning Feedback
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Details after the show.
♪ Yep, this millipede is glowing.
That otherworldly aura is what a predator might see under the moonlight.
Our eyes aren't sensitive enough to see it without using a special UV light.
The glow is a heads up.
This millipede is packing a lethal surprise.
When dusk falls in the hills east of San Francisco, Xystocheir dissecta millipedes emerge from their underground havens to go foraging.
Even with all those legs, they're kind of slow.
If you're a hungry bird, frog, or spider, a millipede looks pretty yummy.
So time for defense.
Most millipedes curl up into a ball.
But Xystocheir dissecta takes it up a notch.
It unleashes chemical warfare on its enemies.
See those little holes?
They're ozopores.
They secrete an invisible deadly gas-- hydrogen cyanide.
Cyanide blocks cells from using oxygen, essentially suffocating their victims.
The millipede can spray enough to take down a bird or a mouse.
Yeah, so most critters want to be far away... really far away.
The millipedes have developed an immunity to their own toxin, so they're unaffected.
But there's one tiny beetle that's developed an immunity to the gas, too, which means it can take the millipede's impressively noxious attack.
For Promecognathus crassus, millipedes are their favorite food.
Wait, really?
The millipedes are, like, five times bigger and covered in armored plates.
But the beetle has these long, scissor-like jaws.
The hunt begins.
The beetle jumps on and rides the millipede like a bucking bronco.
Then, it clamps down behind the millipede's head, slowly wrestling it into submission.
Some scientists thought the beetle was trying to sever its nerves so it can't release cyanide.
Now they think it's just the only way to take down the giant.
Either way, those blasts of cyanide gas aren't doing anything.
The millipede tries plan B, curling up tightly.
But the scuffle has attracted a rival who wants the feast for itself.
The latecomer is out of luck, though.
This tenacious beetle has dug in.
It's sawing away, trying to take the head clean off.
Then, it can devour the juicy innards.
According to researchers at the University of California Berkeley, this beetle is the first documented case of a predator being resistant to cyanide.
Just goes to show, in a biological arms race, you're never on top for long.
Hello, Deep peeps, it's Lauren.
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