>> INS A REMINDER THAT ALL LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS, REGARDLESS OF RANK, INDIVIDUALLY AND INDEPENDENTLY, HAVE A DUTY TO INTERVENE AND AID THOSE IN THEIR CUSTODY.

IT'S A FUNDAMENTAL DUTY OF POLICING.

>> WE HAVEN'T BEEN ABLE TO TALK ABOUT GEORGE FLOYD MUCH DURING THIS TRIAL BUT AS NE OF THE BRAVE BYSTANDERS SAID, GEORGE FLOYD WAS A HUMAN BEING.

HE DESERVED TO BE TREATED AS SUCH.

>> THIS IS JUST ACCOUNTABILITY.

IT CAN NEVER BE JUSTICE BECAUSE I CAN NEVER GET GEORGE BACK.

AND NO MATTER HOW MANY TIMES THAT I PRAY AT NIGHT AND I THINK ABOUT MY BROTHER 24/7, IT STILL IS GOING TO BE HARD, EVEN THOUGH WE JUST HAD A FEDERAL CONVICTION AND WE ALREADY HAD THE STATE CONVICTION.

>> ERIC: HERE TO TALK ABOUT THE VERDICT, RACHEL MORAN, PROFESSOR AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ST. THOMAS SCHOOL OF LAW.

POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY IS ONE OF HER SPECIALITIES.

SHANNON PRINCE IS HERE AS WELL.

SHE'S AN ATTORNEY IN PRIVATE PRACTICE IN NEW YORK CITY WHO FOLLOWS POLICE TRIALS CLOSELY.

WELCOME TO YOU BOTH.

PROFESSOR, WAS THE VERDE SURPRISE TO YOU?

>> NO, IT WAS NOT.

WE'VE SEEN NOW IN A FEW DIFFERENT TRIALS IN A ROW OF POLICE OFFICERS ACCUSED OF MISCONDUCT AND CONSISTENT TENT VERDICTS OF GUILTY IN EACH OF THOSE CASES.

>> Ms.

PRINCE, WHAT DO YOU THINK?

>> I AGREE WITH THE PROFESSOR.

WE'VE SEEN AN INCREASING TREND TOWARD POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY FROM THE STATE CASE AGAINST DEREK CHAUVIN IN WHICH AN OFFICER WHO USED DELIBERATE FORCE WHO KILLED A BLACK MAN WAS HELD ACCOUNTABLE TO THE CASE AGAINST KIM POTTER IN WHICH AN OFFICER WHO TOOK AN ACCIDENTAL ACT WAS HELD ACCOUNT POSSIBLE FOR THE DEATH OF A BLACK MAN AND NOW WE SIMPLY SEE THAT TREND CONTINUING N WHICH OFFICERS WHO FAIL TO ACT WERE HELD ACCOUNTABLE FOR THE DEATH OF A BLACK MAN.

>> Cathy: SO THAT WE CAN'T QUESTION A ENIOR OFFICER ARGUMENT DIDN'T QUITE WORK THERE, DEWHIT?

Ms.

PRINCE?

>> NO, IT DIDN'T, AND I THINK THAT'S BECAUSE THE PROSECUTION WAS VERY STRATEGIC IN PUTTING ON WITNESS AFTER WITNESS WHO SAID THAT EVEN IF YOU'RE A ROOKIE, YOU STILL HAVE A DUTY TO INTERVENE WHEN THERE'S USE OF UNREASONABLE FORCE, AND THOSE WITNESSES INCLUDED PEOPLE LIKE KATIE BLACKWELL, WHO FORMERLY HEADED UP THE MINNESOTA POLICE DEPARTMENT'S TRAINING AND ALSO LIEUTENANT ZIMMERMAN, THE MOST SENIOR AN ON THE FORCE AND EVEN THE DEFENSE BROUGHT ON WITNESSES SUCH AS USE OF FORCE EXPERTS STUFF AN STEVEN HINES, THAT IT WOULD HAVE BEEN UNREASONABLE TO EXPECT A ROOKIE FROM KUENG TO INTERACT, THEY GOT KUENG HIMSELF TO ADMIT THAT THERE IT WAS A DUTY TO INTERSCREEN.

SO THEY TRIED TO PORTRAY A CULTURE IN WHICH JUNIOR OFFICERS COULDN'T CHALLENGE SENIOR OFFICERS, THE PROSECUTION INSISTED THAT POLICY WAS WHAT TOOK PRECEDENTS AND THE JURY AGREED WITH THAT.

>> Eric: PROFESSOR MORAN, WHAT STOOD OUT TO YOU ABOUT THE OFFICERS' TESTIMONY?

>> WELL, THE OFFICERS WERE ALLEY GEAR TO PROVIDE AN EXPLANATION BUT LIKES Ms.

PRINCE SAID, THE OFFICERS IN A WAY ALL CONCEDED PORTIONS OF THEIR OWN GUILT.

THEY ADMITTED THAT THEY SAW WHAT WAS HAPPENING, THEY ADMITTED THAT THEY WOULD THE CAPACITY TO ASSIST AND THAT THEY DIDN'T DO SO, AND SO THEY HAD EXPLANATIONS BUT THEY ALSO MADE SOME CONCESSIONS THAT I THINK WERE IMPORTANT TO THE JURY.

>> Cathy: PROFESSOR MORAN, HOW DO YOU THINK THIS IS GOING TO LEAD TO ANY CHANGES IN MPD TRAINING POLICIES?

>> I DON'T KNOW, I'M ALWAYS HESITANT TO PUT A LOT OF TAKE IN SINGLE CRIMINAL PROSECUTIONS, EVEN THOUGH WE HAVE SEEN A FEW IN A ROW.

IT REMAINS TO BE SEEN WHETHER THE MINNEAPOLIS POLICE DEPARTMENT REALLY HAS ANY INTEREST IN CHANGING ITS OWN PRACTICES.

WE CAN BE HOPEFUL BUT I CERTAINLY DON'T FEEL CONFIDENT.

>> Eric: Ms.

PRINCE, HAS THIS GOT SOME NATIONAL IMPLICATIONS, POLICE MIGHT GET THE MESSAGE THAT THERE IS ACCOUNTABILITY THESE DAYS?

>> WELL, I THINK AS THE PROFESSOR ALLUDED TO, THESE CASES AS A WHOLE, THE PRECEDENT AND THE DEREK CHAUVIN STATE CASE, DEREK CHAUVIN'S CONVICTION IN HIS FEDERAL CASE, KIM POTTER'S RECENT CONVICTION AND KNOW THIS CONVICTION OF EX OFFICERS, THAO, LANE AND KUENG, DOES SENDS A MESSAGE BUT I THINK IT'S ALSO IMPORTANT THAT WE NOT PUT TOO MUCH WEIGHT ON BLESS DENTS BUT ULTIMATELY TRANSFORM POLICING AS POLICY AND IT'S POWER TO NOTE THAT CONGRESS STILL HAS NOT PASSED THE GEORGE FLOYD JUSTICE IN POLICING ACT, WHICH WOULD INCREASE ACCOUNTABILITY FOR POLICE ISCONDUCT, ESTABLISH BEST PRACTICES AND TRAINING REQUIREMENTS, AND ALSO RESTRICT THE USE OF POLICING PROCEDURES THAT ENDANGER THE PUBLIC.

>> Cathy: PROFESSOR MORAN, GIVEN THIS VERDICT, DO WE THINK THERE COULD BE A PLEA DEAL BEFORE THE STATE TRIAL BEGINS?

>> THE OFFICER -- THE FORMER OFFICERS DEFINITELY HAVE MORE INCENTIVE NOW.

HAD THEY BEEN ACQUITTED, I'M FAIRLY CERTAIN THEY WOULD NOT HAVE REACHED A PLEA AGREEMENT.

NOW THEY'RE ALREADY LOOKING AT SOME PRISON TIME AND HAVE TO BE CONSIDERING THEIR OPTION, PERHAPS A PLEA AGREEMENT THAT WOULD ALLOW A JOINT RESOLUTION, SORT OF LIKE Mr. CHAUVIN DID A COUPLE MONTHS AGO.

>> Eric: Ms.

PRINCE, IS THE SEQUENCING REVERSED HERE.

ISN'T IT USUALLY STATE TRIAL AND THEN FEDERAL TRIAL?

>> YOU KNOW, THE SEQUENCING CAN OCCUR DIFFERENT WAYS FOR DIFFERENT REASONS.

WHAT'S INTERESTING IS THAT THEY'RE BOTH A FEDERAL TRIAL AND A STATE TRIAL AND THAT THE STATE AND FEDERAL TRIALS WERE BOTH PLANNED BEFORE EITHER TRIAL HAD REACHED A VERDICT.

WHAT WE'VE SEEN IN THE PAST IS A STATE OR A FEDERAL TRIAL BEING BROUGHT AGAINST OFFICERS AFTER PROSECUTORS FAILED TO ACHIEVE A VERDICT, A GUILTY YEAR-OLD IN THE FIRST TRIAL.

SO, FOR EXAMPLE, IN THE RODNEY KING BEATING, AFTER THE STATE FAILED TO ACHIEVE GUILTY VERDICTS FOR HE OFFICERS INVOLVED, THE FEDERAL PROSECUTION BROUGHT CHARGES AND TWO OF THE OFFICERS WERE CONVICTED.

>> Cathy: YOU KNOW, SINCE WE HAVE THE CAMERA ON YOU, Ms.

PRINCE, THE JURY WAS ALL WHITE AND I'M WONDERING ABOUT THE ROLE RACE PLAYED IN THIS.

>> YOU KNOW, BECAUSE THIS WAS A FEDERAL CASE, THE JURY CAME FROM ALL DIFFERENT PARTS OF MINNESOTA, AS OPPOSED TO JUST HENNEPIN COUNTY.

AND MINNESOTA IS AN OVERWHELMINGLY WHITE STATE, BUT AS WE'RE SEEING WITH A FEW OF THESE TRIALS NOW THAT HAVE HAD DISPROPORTIONATELY WHITE JURIES, THAT WHITE JURIES INCREASINGLY WILLING TO CONVICT OFFICERS FOR THE WRONGFUL DEATHS OF BLACK MEN.

>> Eric: PROFESSOR, WHAT'S THE RANGE OF SENTENCING POSSIBLE HERE IN THE FEDERAL CASE AND WHAT WOULD BE A LIKELY SENTENCE, DO YOU THINK?

>> IT'S AN ENORMOUS RANGE AND THIS IS SOMETHING THE ATTORNEYS ARE GOINGS TO BE FIGHTING ABOUT IN MOTIONS, BUT ONE THING THAT'S IMPORTANT TO NOTE IS THE JURY MADE A SPECIAL FINDING THAT IT WAS REASONABLY ORSEEABLE THAT THESE OFFICERS IN ACTIONS CONTRIBUTED TO Mr. FLOYD'S DEATH AND THAT CREATES THE POSSIBILITY OF MUCH HIGHER SENTENCES FOR THE OFFICERS.

>> Cathy: ALL RIGHT.

WE APPRECIATE YOUR TIME.

THANK YOU BOTH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> THANKS.

>> Eric: THANKS.

♪♪ >> CATHY: THIS WEEK, RUSSIA LAUNCHED EUROPE'S LARGEST GROUND INVASION SINCE WORLD WAR II.

AS OF FRIDAY NIGHT, THE ATTACK IS ONGOING AND FIERCE.

THE MORE THAN 50,000 UKRAINIANS HAVE FLED THEIR COUNTRY.

AMONG THOSE STUNNED THIS WEEK BY THE ACTIONS OF VLADIMIR PUTIN ARE MEMBERS OF MINNESOTA'S SIZABLE UKRAINIAN COMMUNITY, MANY OF WHOM HAVE RELATIVES WHO LIVE IN WHAT IS NOW A WAR ZONE.

JOINING US TO TALK ABOUT THIS WEEK'S TRAGIC EVENTS IS STEPHEN VITVITSKY.

HE'S ON THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE UKRAINIAN AMERICAN COMMUNITY CENTER IN MINNEAPOLIS.

THANKS SO MUCH FOR BEING WITH US.

>> THANKS FOR HAVING ME, CATHY.

>> Cathy: HELP OUT OUR VIEWERS RIGHT NOW.

WHERE IS YOUR FAMILY LOCATED IN UKRAINE, TELL US ABOUT YOUR BACKGROUND.

>> MY FAMILY COMES FROM WESTERN UKRAINE, I CURRENTLY HAVE FAMILY RESIDING IN A CITY CALLED CHETNUZYAS WELL AS ANOTHER CITY.

>> Cathy: HOW FAR AWAY ARE THEY, SAY, FROM THE MAIN ACTION AT THIS POINT?

MY FAMILY UNTIL CHETNUN, -- ALSO A CITY IN WESTERN UKRAINE, AS FAR AS MY FAMILY IN CIEU, I BELIEVE THEY'RE IN RELATIVELY THE SAME PROXIMITY.

>> Eric: HOW RELIABLE IS INFORMATION WITH THE FOG OF WAR AND I DON'T KNOW IF SOCIAL MEDIA IS ACTIVE YET.

WHAT KIND OF INFORMATION ARE YOU GETTING?

>> I'M TRYING TO FOLLOW MAINSTREAM NEWS SOURCES, RELIABLE NEWS SORES.

THIS INFORMATION IS A HALLMARK OF RUSSIAN STRATEGY.

WE'VE SEEN IT HERE WITH OUR ELECTIONS, WE'VE SEEN T IN ELECTIONS ACROSS EUROPE AND THE TERROR THAT THEY'VE INSPIRED IN UKRAINE OVER THE MANY YEARS OF THE EIGHT-YEAR WAR SINCE 2014, A REVOLUTION OF DIGNITY, SO I TRY TO RELY ON RELIABLE NEWS SOURCES, TRY TO FOLLOW FOLKS ON TWITTER BUT SOME OF IT YOU HAVE TO WAIT UNTIL IT'S RELIABLY CONFIRMED.

>> Cathy: RIGHT.

MUCH YOU BEEN IN CONTACT WITH YOUR AMILY?

>> I HAVE, YES, NOT RECENTLY WITH MY FAMILY IN UVIU, BUT EARLIER TODAY WITH MY FAMILY, A COUSIN OF MINE IN THE OTHER CITY.

>> Cathy: AN HOW ARE THEY DOING, WHAT'S THE WORD?

>> THE WORD IS ANXIETY, STRESS, FEAR.

THERE IS A LOT OF COURAGE AND RESOLVE AMONG PEOPLE IN UKRAINE.

WE CAN SEE IT IN THE REPORTS OF FOLKS JOINING THE LOCAL CIVILIANS N KYIV WATCHING THE STREETS.

>> Eric: I DID A LITTLE SEARCH THIS AFTERNOON THAT RUSSIAN PROVOCATION TO UKRAINE GOES BACK TO THE 1500s AND I WONDER IF YOU COULD ADD A LITTLE BIT TO THAT.

THIS SEEMS LIKE AN OBSESSION ALMOST WITH RUSSIA.

>> I BELIEVE THAT'S A FAIR CHARACTERIZATION.

I'M NOT A HISTORIAN SO I CAN'T SPEAK TO THE SPECIFICS BUT I CAN SAY AND WILL CONFIRM THAT IN FACT THE AGGRESSION THAT UKRAINE HAS FACED FROM RUSSIANS GOES BACK MANY CENTURIES.

>> Cathy: YOU KNOW, THOUSANDS OF UKRAINIANS HAVE ALREADY LEFT.

HAS YOUR FAMILY, DID THEY MAKE THE DECISION TO NOT LEAVE FOR A REASON OR CAN THEY NOT LEAVE, DO THEY -- WHAT WAS THE DECISION-MAKING?

>> TO MY KNOWLEDGE, MY FAMILY HAS DECIDED TO STAY.

I BELIEVE IT IS THE CASE THAT THEY INTEND TO DO HAT'S NECESSARY.

I DON'T WANT TO PREDICT WHAT THEY WILL DO WHEN THE ACTION COMES CLOSER TO THEM AND THEY HAVE TO MAKE THE CHOICES THERE IN A WAR ZONE, AND I CAN'T SPEAK FOR THAT BUT I DO KNOW THAT THEY ARE CURRENTLY OPENING THEIR DOORS TO SHELTER FOLKS FROM CENTRAL AND EASTERN UKRAINE WHO ARE ESCAPING WEST TO GET AWAY FROM THE BOMBING.

>> Cathy: WHAT ARE YOU HOPING FOR WHEN IT COMES TO A RESPONSE FROM THE WEST?

>> I THINK THE SANCTIONS THAT HAVE BEEN ANNOUNCED ARE A GREAT START.

I THINK THAT MORE SANCTIONS ARE NECESSARY.

I BELIEVE THAT PUTIN ONLY RESPONDS TO STRENGTH AND SOLE ON THE ASSUMPTION IS THAT THE UNITED STATES AND THE WEST ARE NOT PLANNING OR PREPARED TO SEND TROOPS TO SUPPORT UKRAINE DIRECTLY, I DO BELIEVE THE SANCTIONS THAT WE'VE PUT IN PLACE NEED TO BE MAXIMAL.

>> Eric: WHAT IS THIS STATEMENT THAT PUTIN WANTS TO DE-NAZIFY UKRAINE.

WHAT'S THAT ALL ABOUT?

I CAN'T BEGIN TO TRY THROW INTERPRET THE WORDS THAT COME OUT OF THAT MAN'S MOUTH.

THE NOTION OF DE-NAZIFYING A COUNTRY WHOSE HEADS OF STATE IS JEWISH AND WHO WAS ELECTED WITH A 70% VOTE DEMOCRATICALLY, FOR SOMEONE WHO IS A DICTATOR OF AN AUTOCRATIC COUNTRY TO LEFF THEY THAT IS ABSURD AND INSANE.

>> Cathy: WHAT IS THE UKRAINIAN COMMUNITY DOING IN MINNESOTA RIGHT NOW?

AS I SAID SIDE, IT'S I A SIZABLE COMMUNITY.

WHAT ARE YOU DOING TO TRY TO HELP?

>> WE'RE TRYING TO ENGAGE THE COMMUNITY AND SHOW SOLIDARITY WITH OUR FRIENDS AND FAMILY IN UKRAINE.

SOMETIMES IT FEELS LIKE THERE'S NOT MUCH WE CAN DO FROM SO FAR AWAY BUT WE'RE TRYING TO ENGAGE OUR ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES, OUR CONGRESS PEOPLE, THE SENATORS, THE WHITE HOUSE, JOIN IN SOLIDARITY WITH RALLIES, WHEN THERE ARE OTHER RALLIES HAPPENING ACROSS THE U.S. AS THERE WERE THE LAST FEW DAYS AND THEN, AS WELL, LAST WEEKEND.

WE'RE ALSO TRYING TO PROVIDE SOME CONTEXT AND EDUCATION FOR OUR FELLOW AMERICANS WHO MAY NOT KNOW ENOUGH ABOUT UKRAINE TO REALLY UNDERSTAND THE SITUATION.

>> Cathy: ALL RIGHT.

WE WISH YOU AND EVERYONE WELL, STEVEN.

THANK YOU SO MUCH.

>> THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR HAVING ME.

>> Eric: THANKS FOR COMING OVER.

♪♪ >> ERIC: THERE'S CONTINUED EVIDENCE THAT HATE CRIMES AGAINST ASIAN AMERICANS ARE ON THE RISE.

IN MINNESOTA, COMMUNITY GROUPS REPORT INCIDENTS RANGING FROM RACIAL INTIMIDATION AND PROPERTY DAMAGE TO PHYSICAL ASSAULTS.

BUT MANY DON'T EVER GET TRACKED AS A HATE CRIME.

REPORTER KAOMI LEE DETAILS THE CHALLENGE OF TRACKING HATE CRIMES AND WHAT SOME LAWMAKERS ARE TRYING TO DO ABOUT IT.

>> ON A WEEKDAY OPENING LAST MONTHS, THIS KOREAN AMERICAN MAN PARKED HIS CAR IN A PARKING LOOT IN BROOKLYN PARK.

HE WENT TO DINNER AND WHEN HE RETURNED, MATT, WE'RE WITHHOLDING HIS LAST NAME OUT OF CONCERN, FOUND HIS CARAVAN DAHLIZEED WITH A DISTURBING MESSAGE.

>> IT WAS ALL THE WAY BACK, AND TRIED TO WRITE IT FROM ALL THE WAY ON AND THE SIDE MIRROR THEY BROKE, AS WELL.

>> IT MUST HAVE BEEN REALLY UPSETTING.

>> >> WELL, ABSOLUTELY, ABSOLUTELY.

>> LOCAL POLICE INVESTIGATED BUT THE ASE IS NOW INACTIVE WITH NO LEADS.

THE 37-YEAR-OLD SAYS HE FEELS LIKE HE COULD BE TARGETED AGAIN BECAUSE OF HIS RACE.

>> YEAH, YOU KNOW, SOMETHING HAPPENS LIKE THAT, YOU'RE ALWAYS A LITTLE MORE HYPER VIGILANT OF YOUR SURROUNDINGS.

I DEFINITELY AM MORE NOW THAN BEFORE.

YOU KNOW, I HAVE A SON SO HE -- HE SAW IT, AS WELL, WHICH WAS UNFORTUNATE.

>> LOCAL POLICE SAY THE CASE WASN'T CHARGED AS A HATE CRIME BECAUSE THERE WASN'T A SUSPECT.

ASIAN AMERICAN GROUPS SAY THAT'S ONE OF THE PROBLEMS WITH ACCURATELY TRACKING HATE CRIMES.

>> A HATE CRIME IS VERY SPECIFIC THING SO SOMETIMES AN INCIDENTS OF HATE DOES NOT FALL INTO THE SPECIFIC DEFINITION OF A HATE CRIME.

SO THERE'S THAT.

AND POLICE OFFICERS OFTEN DO NOT KNOW HOW TO IDENTIFY A HATE CRIME SO OFTEN WHEN IT ACTUALLY IS A ATE CRIME, IT DOES NOT GET TRACKED.

>> Narrator: BUT THERE'S MOUNTING EVIDENCE HATE CRIMES ARE ONLY RISE.

THE STUDY FOR THE STUDY OF EXTREMISM SAYS ANTI-ASIAN HATE CRIMES NATION-WIDE WERE UP 250% IN THE BEGINNING OF 2021 OVER 2020.

IN MINNESOTA, THE MOST RECENT F.B.I.

DATA SHOWS OVERALL HATE CRIMES CLIMBED BY 39%.

THE F.B.I.

RECORDED A DOZEN ANTI--ASIAN HATE CRIMES IN THE STATE IN 2020.

THEY SAY THAT NUMBER IS GROSSLY UNDERREPORTED.

>> PEOPLE ARE JUST TELLING US, THEY'RE NOT GOING TO THE POLICE OR REPORTING IT TO THE DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS BUT THEY'RE TELLING US AND TELLING OTHER ORGANIZATIONS.

THERE ARE A LOT OF REASONS PEOPLE DON'T REPORT.

NUMBER ONE, THEY DON'T TRUST GOVERNMENT, THEY DON'T TRUST THE POLICE, THINK DON'T TRUST THAT ANYTHING WILL HAPPEN IF THEY REPORT IT AND SO THEY DON'T SEE A REASON WHY IT NEEDS TO BE EPORTED.

>> WE HEARD MANY STORIES ON LINE, ON SOCIAL MEDIA ABOUT BEING ATTACKED, VERBALLY ABUSED, OF HATEFUL MESSAGES AND THERE WAS NO WAY TO REPORT THAT.

>> A BILL INTRODUCED LAST YEAR WOULD EXPAND THE DEFINITION OF A HATE CRIME.

IT WOULD ALSO ALLOW VICTIMS TO REPORT HATE CRIMES TO COMMUNITY GROUPS BESIDES THE POLICE.

VANG IS AUTHOR OF THE BILL.

>> I WOULD LIKE TO ASK MY SENATE REPUBLICANS WHY THEY HAVE NOT HAD A HEARING ON THIS BILL.

WE WENT THROUGH THE COMMITTEE PROCESS IN THE HOUSE AND WE'RE WAITING ON THE SENATE REPUBLICANS TO TAKE UP THIS BILL, AS WELL.

ASIAN AMERICANS HAVE BEEN KILLED BECAUSE OF THIS HATE.

EVEN MOST RECENTLY, MOST OVERT IS JUST THE ATLANTA SHOOTING THAT HAPPENED, THAT KILLED SIX ASIAN AMERICAN WOMEN AND WHEN WE DON'T HOLD PEOPLE ACCOUNTABLE, WHEN THEY ARE HATEFUL, PEOPLE GET HURT.

>> A SPOKESWOMAN FOR SENATE REPUBLICANS SAID THE BILL HAS NOT YET MADE IT TO THE SENATE THIS SESSION AND, THEREFORE, HARD THE TO HAVE A SENATOR COMMENT.

MEANWHILE, ASIAN MINNESOTANS ON THE GROUND SAY RHETORIC FROM THE LAST PRESIDENT HAS STOKED BIAS.

>> IT'S LIKE, YOU KNOW, AN EXTENSION OF THAT TO THIS TODAY, STILL TIRED OF -- WE HAVE A LOT OF, YOU KNOW, BASICALLY CRIMES, ESPECIALLY IN NEW YORK AND LOCALLY HERE, I'VE HEARD OF SOME ISSUES, TOO.

I THINK IT'S JUST SOMETHING THAT IS GOING TO KEEP CONTINUING UNLESS WE HAVE MEANINGFUL DIALOGUE AND EDUCATION ALONG WITH THAT.

>> I'M PRETTY MUCH CONCERNED SINCE WE'RE ASIAN, WHENEVER WE GO OUT, SOME PEOPLE, LIKE, THEY TARGET US.

THEY DON'T WANT TO, LIKE, OFFER US HELP BECAUSE WE'RE ASIAN.

>> EVERY SINGLE ONE OF MY ASIAN AMERICAN FRIENDS HAS EXPERIENCED SOME FORM OF ANTI-ASIAN RACISM SINCE COVID-19.

>> KOREAN AMERICAN FILMMAKER NAOMI KOE WAS BORN AND RAISED IN THE STATE.

SHE TOOK TO SOCIAL MEDIA TO REPORT THREATS HARASSMENT TO HERSELF AND HER FAMILY.

>> WITH THIS CONSTANT FEAR OF WHAT SOMEBODY MIGHT DO TO ME, WHAT SOMEONE MIGHT DO TO MY MOM AND OTHER FAMILY MEMBERS HAS NOW TAKEN A TOLL ON MY PHYSICAL HEALTH.

♪ >> CATHY: THIS WEEK, A GROUP OF REPUBLICAN LAWMAKERS LAUNCHED AN EFFORT TO ALLOW OUT-OF STATE NURSES TO WORK HERE WITHOUT A MINNESOTA NURSING LICENSE.

DOZENS OF OTHER STATES HAVE CREATED A RECIPROCITY AGREEMENT, ALLOWING LICENSED NURSES TO WORK IN ANY STATE THAT IS A MEMBER OF THE COMPACT.

A SHORTAGE OF NURSES DURING COVID IS ONE OF THE REASONS BEHIND THE LEGISLATIVE PUSH.

SENATOR CARLA NELSON, A REPUBLICAN FROM ROCHESTER, IS IN FAVOR OF THIS RECIPROCITY APPROACH.

SENATOR ERIN MURPHY, A DEMOCRAT FROM ST. PAUL, OPPPOSES THIS MOVE.

WELL, SENATOR NELSON, EXPLAIN HOW THIS COMPACT WOULD WORK.

>> OH, THANK YOU SO MUCH.

THE COMPACT WOULD ALLOW MINNESOTA NURSE TO OBTAIN ONE LICENSE AND WORK IN MULTIPLE STATES.

IT WOULD HAVE REQUIRED THE SAME LICENSURE AND SAFETY THAT OUR CURRENT LICENSURE DOES BUT IT'S A MODERN SYSTEM THAT WOULD SUPPORT MINNESOTA NURSES AND PATIENTS IN GIVING AND RECEIVING CARE.

80% OF MINNESOTA NURSES, ACCORDING TO THE 2022 BOARD OF NURSING SURVEY, SUPPORT NURSE LICENSURE.

THEY WANT THIS, ONLY 10% OPPOSED, AND IT'S ESSENTIAL THAT WE GET THIS.

IT'S NEEDED, LIKE HEALTH CARE IS CHANGING.

NURSES ARE INCREASINGLY PRACTICING ACROSS STATE LINES, PATIENTS ARE MOBILE, NURSES ARE DELIVERING HEALTH CARE.

TELEHEALTH, SO IT'S NEEDED, NURSES WANTS IT AND, LASTLY, IT'S SAFE AND EFFECTIVE, COMMON SENSE.

>> Eric: SENATOR MURPHY.

>> WELL, I'M REALLY GLAD TO BE HERE TONIGHT AND I WANT TO BEGIN BY THANKING THE NURSES ALL ACROSS THE STATE OF MINNESOTA WHO HAVE REALLY, REALLY WORKED UNDER EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES CARING FOR MINNESOTANS IN SOUL-CRUSHING CONDITIONS FOR TWO YEARS NOW IN THE COURSE OF THIS PANDEMIC.

AROUND WE'RE SEEING THE IMPACT OF THAT AS NURSES WHO USUALLY PRACTICE IN OUR HOSPITALS ARE BEGINNING TO LEAVE THAT WORK, MUCH LIKE WE'RE SEEING WITH EDUCATORS, WITH FIRST RESPONDERS, WITH CHILD CARE PROVIDERS, WITH LAW ENFORCEMENT.

>> Eric: WHY DO YOU OPPOSE THIS BILL.

>> THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION FROM MY PERSPECTIVE IS NOT GOING TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF NURSES LEAVING ARE LEAVING THE BEDSIDE.

AND IN FACT, I THINK IF WE WANT NURSES TO FOCUS ON MINNESOTA, WE HAVE TO FOCUS N ATTENTION.

WE NEED TO PAY ATTENTION TO THEIR MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING, WE NEED TO PAY ATTENTION FOR WORKFORCE VIOLENCE THAT HAS INCREASED IN OUR HOSPITALS FOR NURSES AND WE NEED TO PAY ATTENTION TO THE AUTONOMY AND THE PRACTICE OF REGISTERED NURSES IN OUR HOSPITALS SO THAT THEY WANT TO STAY, DO THE WORK THAT WE WANT THEM TO DO TO MEET OUR HIGH EXPECTATIONS AND OUR HIGH STANDARDS HERE IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA.

WE LICENSE NURSES STATE BY STATE IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND I WANT NURSES WILL NOTED IN MINNESOTA PRACTICING, CARING FOR PEOPLE IN MINNESOTA.

>> Eric: I WANT TO ASK YOU BOTH THIS QUESTION.

I WENT ON THE MINNESOTA NURSES' ASSOCIATION WEBSITE AND THE NURSES' UNION SAYS IT WOULD HURT THE UNION'S BARGAINING POWER THAT THERE WOULD BE A READY MADE WORKFORCE IN CASE OF LABOR DISRUPTION AND SO FORTH.

IS THAT AT THE HEART OF THIS, SENATOR MURPHY?

>> YOU KNOW, IT IS A FACTOR THAT THE NURSES' UNION CONSIDERS BUT IT'S NOT AT THE HEART OF THIS, FOR ME.

I THINK THAT IT IS IMPORTANT TO RECOGNIZE THAT IT IS NOT HARD TO GET YOUR LICENSE RECOGNIZED IN A STATE WHEN YOU WANT TO GO.

I HAVE A DAUGHTER WHO'S A REGISTERED NURSE, SHE WAS LICENSED IN INDIANA, SHE CAME BACK TO MINNESOTA AND IT TOOK A MATTER OF DAYS FOR HER TO GET A MINNESOTA LICENSE HERE IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA.

SO WHILE I NDERSTAND THAT ARGUMENT COMING FROM THE NURSES' UNION AND I DO THINK THAT EMPLOYERS COULD USE THAT AS A THREAT AT THE BARGAINING TABLE, THE REASON WHY I THINK IT IS IMPORTANT THAT WE NOT ADOPT THE COMPACT IS BECAUSE IT WON'T SOLVE THE PROBLEM.

OF A NURSING SHORTAGE.

>> >> Eric: OKAY.

>> IT MIGHT NOT SOLVE THE ENTIRE PROBLEM BUT IT WILL ALLOW MORE NURSES TO PARTICIPATE IN PROVIDING HEALTH IN OUR -- HEALTH CARYL IN OUR STATE AND I CAN GUARANTEE OU, IF YOU TALKED TO THE NURSES WHO HAVE BEEN SO OVERWORKED, THEY WILL BE GLAD TO HAVE MORE TEAM MEMBERS TO HELP THEM.

SO IN MY DISTRICT, FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN THE GOVERNOR ALLOWED THIS TEMPORARY NURSE LICENSURE COMPACT, SO TO SPEAK, THEY WERE ABLE TO INCREASE NURSES BY 10%.

THAT'S AN IMPORTANT ASPECT WHEN YOU ARE GIVING CARYL TO PATIENTS TO MAKE SURE THAT YOU HAVE NURSES AVAILABLE TO PROVIDE -- TO PROVIDE THAT CARE.

AND I WOULD JUST SAY, IT IS NOT A UNION ISSUE.

YOU JUST NEED TO LOOK AT WHAT'S HAPPENING UNTIL A DEMOCRAT PRO-LABOR STATES, NEW YORK, DEMOCRAT, MOHR-LABOR GOVERNOR, NOT ONLY SUPPORTS THE NURSE LICENSURE COMPACT, SHE PUT IT IN HER BUDGET AND IS PART OF HER STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS.

IN PENNSYLVANIA, THE NURSES' UNION HAS CHANGED FROM OPPOSITION TO SUPPORT AND THE COMPACT HAS JUST PASSED.

IT IS THE RIGHT THING TO DO, TO KEEP NURSES COMPETITIVE WITH THEIR PEERS AND TO KEEP MINNESOTA AS A LEADER IN HEALTH CARE.

WE NEED TO ALLOW NURSES TO PRACTICE ACROSS STATE LINES JUST AS WE HAVE OTHER COMPACTS, SUCH AS PHYSICIAN COMPACTS, FOR EXAMPLE.

OR 39 OTHER STATES ALSO HAVE NURSE LICENSURE COMPACTS WITH NO ROBLEMS AT ALL.

IT'S TIME THAT WE DO SO IN MINNESOTA, AS WELL.

>> Cathy: I'M WONDERING, THOUGH, YOU KNOW, THERE ARE THE MNA IS WORRIED ABOUT OUTSOURCING CARE TO LESSER TRAINED NURSES.

SENATOR MURPHY, DO YOU WORRY ABOUT THAT, AS WELL, AND THEN I WANT TO HEAR FROM SENATOR NELSON.

>> NO, I DO HAVE A CONCERN ABOUT THAT.

ONE OF THE PROVISIONS THAT E HAVE STOOD BY HERE IN MINNESOTA IS HIGH STANDARDS FOR THE PRACTICE OF NURSING, CONTINUING EDUCATION FOR THE PRACTICE OF NURSING, AND I THINK WE WANT TO GUARANTEE THOSE HIGH EXPECTATIONS AND HIGH STANDARDS FOR THE NURSES WHO PRACTICE HERE.

NOT EVERY STATE HAS THOSE SAME STANDARDS ND IF THIS WERE A COMPACT STATE, WE COULD SEE NURSES COMING FROM OTHER PLACES AND NOT NECESSARILY COMING WITH THAT SAME PREPARATION, BUT I THINK THERE IS ANOTHER IMPORTANT POINT HERE.

THERE ARE MORE LICENSED REGISTERED NURSES IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA THAN THERE WERE FIVE YEARS AGO.

THE ISSUE IS NOT ENOUGH NURSES.

THE ISSUE IS THAT NURSES DON'T WANT TO PRACTICE IN OUR HOSPITALS RIGHT NOW BECAUSE OF THE MORAL INJURY THEY'VE EXPERIENCED OVER THE LAST TWO YEARS, AND THAT'S WHAT WE NEED TO PAY ATTENTION TO, IF WE WANT TO ADEQUATELY STAFF OUR HOSPITALS, AND THAT'S WHY THIS IS NOT A SOLUTION TO SOLVE THAT PROBLEM.

>> LET'S ADDRESS THAT -- THAT PREPARATION ISSUE.

ALL NURSES PASSÉ STATE LICENSURE, IT'S THE SAME ACROSS ALL 50 STATES, THEY ALL MUST GRADUATE, THEY ALL MUGS PASS THE SAME LICENSURE.

SO THE TRAINING IS THE AME AND IF MINNESOTA WANTED TO ADD ADDITIONAL TRAINING REQUIREMENTS, OF COURSE THEY COULD.

SO THE NURSE LICENSURE COMPACT ACTUALLY IS A GUARANTEE THAT ALL NURSES HAVE THIS HIGH LEVEL OF TRAINING, ND IF -- IF MINNESOTA WANTS TO ADD MORE, THEY CAN.

AND I WANT TO MENTION TO THE SAFETY ASPECT.

THE STUDY THAT WILL COME OUT IN THE APRIL JOURNAL OF NURSING SHOWS, ACTUALLY, THAT NURSES WHO HAVE A MULTI-STATE LICENSE HAVE FEWER DISCIPLINARY CTIONS THAN NURSES WHO HAVE A SINGLE ACTION.

YOU WILL SEE THAT IN THE JANUARY -- THE APRIL EDITION.

>> Eric: I THINK WE'RE GOING TO HEAR MORE ABOUT THIS DEBATE.

SENATOR NELSON HAS HER BILL AND SENATOR MURPHY HAS KEEPING NURSES AT THE BEDSIDE ACT SO THIS WILL BE IN FOR LIVELY DEBATE I'M SURE THE REST OF THE SESSION.

THANK YOU BOTH.

>> THANK YOU.

>> Cathy: GOOD TO SEE YOU.

>> THANK YOU SO MUCH.

♪♪ >> ERIC: FOR NEARLY 90 YEARS, THE WEEKLY "MINNESOTA SPOKESMAN-RECORDER" NEWSPAPER HAS BEEN DELIVERING STORIES TO AFRICAN AMERICANS ACROSS OUR REGION.

AND NOW DIGITAL ACCESS TO THE NEWSPAPER'S ARCHIVES FROM 1934 TO 1964 ARE AVAILABLE FREE TO EVERYONE.

THAT MEANS YOU CAN LEARN ABOUT THE VISIT TO THE TWIN CITIES THIS WEEK IN 1935 OF AUTHOR AND CIVIL RIGHTS LEADER W.E.B.

DUBOIS.

HE SPOKE AT THE PHYLLIS WHEATLEY COMMUNITY CENTER IN MINNEAPOLIS.

WANT TO LEARN ABOUT PIONEERING MINNESOTA AFRICAN AMERICAN LAWYER AND JUDGE L. HOWARD BENNETT?

YOU CAN FIND THIS STORY FEATURED THIS WEEK IN 1956 WHEN HE WAS CALLED OUT FOR BEING AMONG ONLY A HANDFUL OF BLACK LAWYERS WORKING FOR WHITE LAW FIRMS NATIONALLY.

HOW ABOUT THE ARTICLE FROM THIS WEEK IN 1962 ABOUT HOW AN AFRICAN AMERICAN FROM MINNEAPOLIS WAS AMONG THE SCIENCE TEAM AT HONEYWELL PLANNING AMERICA'S APPOLO TRIP TO THE MOON?

THOSE ARE JUST SOME OF THE TREASURES AVAILABLE TO HISTORIANS AND GENEALOGISTS ONLINE THROUGH A PORTAL AT THE MINNESOTA HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

HERE TO TALK ABOUT THE NEWSPAPER'S HISTORY AND THE FREE DIGITAL ACCESS, TRACEY WILLIAMS-DILLARD.

SHE'S THE CEO AND PUBLISHER OF THE "SPOKESMAN-RECORDER."

TELL US ABOUT YOUR GRANDFATHER, FIRST OF ALL, Mr. NEWMAN.

>> Mr. NEWMAN, MY GRANDFATHER WAS A VERY QUIET BY POWERFUL MAN.

HE REALLY USED HIS PEN TO TELL THE STORIES THAT NEEDED TO BE TOLD AND HE WAS VERY INVOLVED WITH THE POLITICAL ARENA BUT HE KNEW THAT THAT WAS SOMETHING IMPORTANT FOR HIM TO BE ABLE O DO TO KEEP THE MOVEMENT OF HAT HE WAS TRYING TO ACCOMPLISH BY GIVING AFRICAN AMERICANS A VOICE, OPENING DOORS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THEM THAT THEY OTHERWISE DIDN'T HAVE.

AND SO HE WORKED AS A PULLMAN PORTER FOR MANY YEARS, BUT IN ADDITION TO DOING THAT WORK, HE WAS ALSO WRITING THE PAPER AS HE WAS DOING HIS WORK AS A PULLMAN IMPORTANT ARE PORTER.

>> Cathy: WHAT DID YOU LEARN FROM YOUR GRANDFATHER, CECIL NEWMAN WHEN T COMES TO THE JOB OF NEWSPAPERING?

>> I DIDN'T LEARN AS MUCH AS I THOUGHT I WOULD, I DID LEARN HE STARTED WHEN HE WAS EIGHT IN HIS GRADES SCHOOL, HE ROTE A PAPER, IT WAS JUST AN 8 AND A HALF BY 11 SHEET OF PAPER THAT HE WROTE HIS SCHOOL NEWSPAPER WITH AND I STARTED MY CAREER AT THE PAPER AT A C YOUNG AGE OF EIGHT, AS WELL, SO THAT WAS NOT THE CAREER TIME AT THAT POINT BUT MY GRANDMOTHER BROUGHT ME ALONG AND JUST KIND OF HELPED ME TO LEARN ABOUT MY GRANDFATHER AND KIND OF WHAT HE WAS DOING AND KIND OF JUST GET THE FEEL OF THE PAPER AT THAT EARLY AGE, AND SO WE HAVE THAT COMMON DENOMINATOR IS THAT HE WAS STARTING OFF AS AN EARLY AGE AND AS I WAS, TOO.

>> Eric: IT GOES WITHOUT SAYING THAT THE WHITE PRESS BACK IN THE DAY WAS INADEQUATELY COVERED THE BLACK COMMUNITY.

WHAT'S IT IS ROLE OF THE BLACK PRESS TODAY?

>> WELL, YOU KNOW, IT'S A LOT OF THE SAME BECAUSE THERE STILL IS NOT THE FACTUAL NEWS IS NOT ALWAYS THERE FOR THE BLACK COMMUNITY, THAT'S WHY THE BLACK NEWSPAPER STILL NEEDS TO EXIST BECAUSE A LOT OF THE COMP A LOT OF TIMES ISN'T OF THE POSITIVE THINGS THAT THE BLACK COMMUNITY IS DOING, IT'S ALWAYS THE NEGATIVE THINGS THAT ARE GOING ON, AND I THINK WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT OUR COMMUNITY IS UPLIFTED AND FEELS EMPOWERED, AND THE WAY TO DO THAT IS TO SHOW POSITIVE IMAGES, POSITIVE NEWS, AND WE JUST DON'T SEE THAT IN OUR DAILY NEWS, AT ALL.

EVEN WHEN THERE IS A LOW NEWS TIME AND THERE'S, YOU KNOW, NEWS COVERAGE THAT'S GOING ON, THEY DON'T HARDLY EVER CHOOSE TO PUT POSITIVE NEWS OF WHAT'S GOING ON IN THE BLACK COMMUNITY, SO THAT'S WHERE WE HAVE TO CONTINUE TO DO THAT.

>> Cathy: PUBLICATIONS, AS YOU KNOW, HAVE A CERTAIN VOICE OR A STYLE.

WHAT DO YOU THINK THE "SPOKESMAN-RECORDER" STYLE IS, OR VOICE?

>> OUR VOICE IS TO PRESENT THE NEWS IN A WAY PEOPLE ARE ABLE TO MAKE EDUCATED DECISIONS ON THE DECISIONS THAT THEY NEED TO MAKE.

WE'RE NOT THE FAKE NEWS, OUR STYLE IS TO REALLY BE A PART OF THE COMMUNITY BUT, AT THE SAME TIME, PROVIDING THE COMMUNITY WITH OPTIONS THAT THEY CAN MAKE THEIR OWN WISE DECISIONS AND JUST KIND OF BRINGING OUR DOCTORS TO THE FOREFRONT ON OUR PAGES, TO BRINGING THE VOICES OF OUR COMMUNITY WITH PEOPLE BEING ABLE TO HAVE OPINIONS N OUR PAGES, SO -- BUT, REALLY, OUR THING IS TO JUST MAKE SURE THAT ALL THE DIFFERENT AS SUSPECTS OF WHAT'S GOING ON IN THE BLACK COMMUNITY, WE'RE HERE TO TELL THAT STORY AND WE'RE HERE TO TELL IT IN A POSITIVE AND IN AN ENLIGHTENING WAY.

>> Cathy: SO NOW HE "SPOKESMAN-RECORDER" IS PART OF THE ARCHIVES, WHICH IS A GREAT RESOURCE, SO THERE ARE SO MANY EDITIONS DIGITIZED.

HOW EXCITED ARE YOU ABOUT THIS?

>> OH, MY.

I WAS SO EXCITED WHEN I GOT THE CALL LAST YEAR, WHICH IS TO SLOW DOWN BECAUSE OF THE PANDEMIC BUT IT'S SO EXCITING BECAUSE I KNOW WE'VE GOTTEN TONS OF CALLS ALL THE TIME, PEOPLE ALWAYS WANTING TO LOOK UP OLD STORIES AND CERTAINLY I'VE ENCOURAGED THEM TO COME AND TAKE LOOK THROUGH OUR ARCHIVES, WHICH IS BASICALLY JUST FLIPPING THROUGH REALLY OLD PAPERS AND, I MEAN, ALSO VERY CAUTIOUS OF THAT BECAUSE THE PAGES ARE FRAGILE SO WHEN I SUGGEST THEY GO TO THE MINNESOTA HISTORICAL SOCIETY, I KNOW THAT WAS -- AT THAT TIME IT WAS STILL ON MICROFICHE SO IT WAS STILL CUMBERSOME IN TERMS OF LOOKING UP ARTICLES.

NOW T'S JUST PHENOMENAL HOW YOU CAN JUST PUT A LITTLE BIT OF INFORMATION IN ND THERE IS THAT STORY THAT YOU'RE LOOKING FOR, IT'S VERY EXCITED.

I THINK IT'S REALLY COOL OPPORTUNITY THAT WE HAVE TO BE A PART OF THAT.

>> Cathy: NOW, HAVE YOU HAD A CHANCE TO KIND OF SURF THROUGH THE ARCHIVE YOURSELF AND HAVE YOU BUMPED INTO SOMETHING THAT YOU THOUGHT, OH, MY GOODNESS, LOOK AT THAT.

>> I HAVE, UNFORTUNATELY, NOT A WHOLE LOT OF TIME ONLINE DOING THAT BECAUSE I'VE DONE A LOT OF THAT OVER THE YEARS WITH THE HARD COPIES IN THE BACK BUT I HAVE TAKEN A LOOK, ONCE THEY HAD TOLD ME HOW IT WAS DIGITIZED JUST BECAUSE I WANTED TO HAVE THAT EXPERIENCE AND I THINK IT IS JUST SO IMPORTANT THAT WE HAVE THAT HISTORY THAT PEOPLE CAN REALLY START TO DIG IN AND -- LIKE IT WAS MENTIONED IN THE BEGINNING OF THIS SHOW, ALL THE DIFFERENT STORIES THAT ARE BEING TOLD.

NOW WE CAN ACTUALLY ARCHIVE THEM, YOU KNOW, GO BACK, DIGITIZE, LOOK AROUND, SEE WHAT WAS WRITTEN THEN AND, UNFORTUNATELY, SOME OF IT, AS MUCH AS TIME HAS CHANGED, A LOT OF THE STORIES STILL THE SAME.

>> Eric: WHERE HE PUT THE WEBSITE ON THE LOWER THIRD THERE SO PEOPLE CAN GET IT.

CONGRATULATIONS AND ALL THE BEST HEADING FORWARD.

THANKS.

>> Cathy: GOOD TO HAVE YOU HERE.

>> THANKS.

>> Cathy: THANK YOU.

♪♪ >> AFTER NEARLY TWO YEARS, I THINK WE CAN ALL AGREE THAT THERE'S NEVER GOING TO BE A SINGLE MOMENT WHEN THE PANDEMIC IS "OVER."

MORE AND MORE, THOUGH, I HEAR FRIENDS AND COLLEAGUES TALKING ABOUT LIFE "ON THE OTHER SIDE OF COVID."

AND I THINK WE ALL HAVE, EITHER EXPLICITLY OR RATTLING AROUND IN OUR HEADS, SOME MARKER OF WHAT THAT WILL LOOK LIKE.

FOR SOME, IT'S TRAVEL OR EATING OUT WITHOUT A SECOND THOUGHT.

OTHERS INTERPRET WASTEWATER DATA LIKE TEA LEAVES.

I EXPERIENCED MY OWN HARBINGER A FEW HOURS AGO AND A COUPLE BLOCKS AWAY WHEN I ATTENDED A PROFESSIONAL CONFERENCE.

IN PERSON.

AS IN, WITH OTHER PEOPLE.

IN THE SAME ROOM.

NEVER DID I THINK I'D BE SO EXCITED ABOUT A HOTEL BREAKFAST SPREAD AND EXCHANGING BUSINESS CARDS.

THIS LITTLE TRIUMPH, HOWEVER, DID NOT COME WITHOUT A MEASURE OF STRESS.

THE IRONING BOARD, WHICH WAS KIND OF DOING DOUBLE DUTY AS A CREDENZA, HAD TO BE RE-COMMISSIONED.

I HAVEN'T WORN ACTUAL DRESS SHOES SINCE 2020, AND FINDING THEM IN THE WILDS OF MY CLOSET REQUIRED THE SLAYING OF MANY DUST BUNNIES.

THIS TIE?

I THINK IT'S STILL IN STYLE, BUT WHO KNOWS?

AND REALLY, WHO CARES?

ANY GOOD THAT COMES OUT OF COVID WILL BE FAR, FAR OUTWEIGHED BY THE GUT-WRENCHING LOSS OF TOO MANY OF OUR LOVED ONES.

BUT IT HAS MADE US A LITTLE MORE HUMAN.

BRINGING A DOG OR A BABY TO A BUSINESS MEETING TWO YEARS AGO WOULD HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED...

ODD.

TODAY, WE CONSIDER IT... WEDNESDAY.

AND, BIT BY BIT, WE'RE GETTING OUR SMALL PLEASURES BACK.

FOR EXTROVERTS LIKE ME, THAT MEANS EXCHANGING IDEAS OVER BAD COFFEE.

SITTING AT A BIG ROUND TABLE WITH POST-IT NOTES.

MAYBE IT'S SOMETHING ELSE FOR YOU.

IT WON'T BE NORMAL.

BUT IT'LL BE BETTER.

♪♪ >> Mary: MINNEAPOLIS HAS BEEN THROUGH A LOTS, A LOT OF SOUL-SEARCHING, QUESTIONING, ANGST.

WHAT DO YOU THINK WE'VE LEARNED FROM IT?

WHAT DO YOU THINK YOUR COMMUNITIES HAS LEARNED AND WHAT DIRECTION DO YOU THINK IT NEEDS TO GO?

>> YOU KNOW, AFTER THE POLICE MURDER OF GEORGE FLOYD AND THE RESULTING CIVIL UNREST, I WAS ENGAGED IN A LOT OF CONVERSATIONS IN THE COMMUNITY, ONE ON ONES, SMALL GROUPS, LARGE GROUPS, WHERE I SAW PARTICULARLY MY WHITE NEIGHBORS MAKING THEMSELVES REMARKABLY VULNERABLE AROUND ISSUES OF RACE.

THEY HAD HAD AN AWAKENING TO THINGS THAT THEY AND -- I'M NO DIFFERENT, POWERFUL, POWERFUL CONVERSATIONS THAT I THINK CHANGED A LOT OF PEOPLE'S LIVES.

♪♪ >> ERIC: ON THE NATIONAL SCENE, A NEW SUPREME COURT NOMINEE, AND DEBATE IN CONGRESS ON HOW BEST TO SUPPORT UKRAINE.

HERE IN MINNESOTA, ONGOING ELECTION SHUFFLING CAUSED BY REDISTRICTING AND THE DEATH OF CONGRESSMAN JIM HAGEDORN.

HERE TO HELP US SORT IT ALL OUT... AMY KOCH, REPUBLICAN, FORMER STATE SENATE MAJORITY LEADER.

CARIN MROTZ IS HERE.

LONGTIME DFL COMMUNITY ACTIVIST.

WELCOME TO YOU BOTH.

SENATOR, PART OF YOUR RESUMÉ IS -- IS IT A RUSSIAN INTERPRETER INTELLIGENCE GATHERING, ISN'T THAT PART OF YOUR RESUMÉ?

>> CORRECT, I SERVED AS A RUSSIAN LINGUIST AT THE NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY WHEN I WAS IN THE U.S. AIR FORCE.

>> Eric: WELL, I WOULD BE INTERESTED IN YOUR TAKE ON THE UKRAINE SITUATION BUT LSO I EVEN HEARD SOME REPUBLICANS THIS WEEK SAYING, WHERE DID THIS REPUBLICAN SUPPORT FOR PUTIN'S RUSSIA COME FROM?

>> RIGHT.

I MEAN, OBVIOUSLY, IT'S A NO FOR ME.

PUTIN'S BEEN AROUND FOR A LONG TIME, THE FORMER HEAD OF THE KGB BEFORE THE WALL FELL.

MY SERVICE WAS AT AN INTERESTING TIME BECAUSE IT WAS FROM '92 TO '96, SO POST THE WALL FALLING BUT BEFORE 9/11 AND I SAW THE TRANSITION FROM RUSSIAN AND THE RUSSIAN LINGUIST TO THE ARAB LINGUISTS, IN FACT, I MARRIED AN ARE RIB LINGUIST.

SO -- BUT ALSO I KNEE THAT WE SHOULD NEVER TAKE OUR EYES OFF, EVEN THAT WAS YELTSIN AT THE TIME AND WE WENT THROUGH A COUPLE OF PRESIDENTS BUT WHEN PUTIN SETTLED IN, THERE WAS NO DOUBTS IN MY MIND THAT HE WAS GOING TO BE DOING EVERYTHING HE CAN TO MAKE TROUBLE FOR OUR ALLIES, FOR AMERICA AND FOR THE WORLD, AND WE SHOULD NOT EVER ALLOW HIM TO HAVE KIND OF THE POWER AND THE HOLD HE'S GOT RIGHT NOW IN UKRAINE.

>> Cathy: I WANT TO EAR FROM CARIN MROTZ, BUILD WHAT'S WITH THE SUPPORT OF PUTIN BY SOME REPUBLICANS?

>> I THINK IT'S JUST CONFUSION, THAT'S ALL I CAN SAY BECAUSE IF YOU LOVE FREEDOM, IF YOU LOVE LIBERTY, IF YOU LOVE DEMOCRACY, YOU DO NOT SUPPORT AN OH LIKE GARBAGE AND A DICTATOR LIKE VLADIMIR PUTIN.

>> >> Eric: I'M INTERESTED TO HEAR FROM BOTH OF YOU, AND CARIN LET ME TALK TO YOU, THE FACT THAT MELISSA LOPEZ FRANZEN, THE SENATE DEMOCRAT LEADER HAS DECIDED NOT TO RUN AGAIN, COMPARED WITH RON LATZ, A VETERAN SENATOR ON THE D.F.L.

SIDE AND I SAW TWEETS THIS WEEK ABOUT MISOGYNY, SEXISM, OLD BOYS' CLUB.

DO YOU WANT TO WEIGH IN ON THIS?

>> IT IS DISAPPOINTING TO LOSE HER, SHE'S THE MINORITY LEADER, A SIGNIFICANT TEAM PLAYER, SHE'S RAISED MILLIONS OF DOLLARS FOR THE CAUCUS AND IT IS DISAPPOINTING HAT SHE WAS PUT IN A POSITION TO HAVE TO RUN AGAINST AN INCUMBENTS WHO ANNOUNCED ALMOST IMMEDIATELY THAT HE WAS GOING TO RUN AGAIN, WHICH LEFT IT KIND OF N HER COURT TO DECIDE WHETHER TO RUN AGAINST HER COLLEAGUE OR STEP AWAY.

I KNOW THAT MANY PEOPLE, YOU KNOW, ONE OF THE PLACES THAT MISOGYNY SHOWS UP FOR ME IN THIS CONVERSATION IS WHEN WE SAY OH, JUST MOVE, JUST MOVE TO A DIFFERENT DISTRICT.

SENATOR LOPEZ FRANZEN IS SHE'S A MOTHERS OF TWO SMALL CHILDREN, OBVIOUSLY CHILDREN HAVE BEEN DISRUPTED SO MUCH IN THE PANDEMIC THAT THE IDEA OF PICKING UP AND MOVING IS REALLY CHALLENGING AND SO THERE IS THIS, LIKE, QUESTION FOR ME OF THE EASE WITH WHICH WE EXPECT PEOPLE TO JUST BE ABLE TO SHIFT THEIR LIVES.

IT'S MORE DIFFICULT FOR SOME PEOPLE THAN OTHERS AND, AGAIN, I THINK FOR ME THE DISAPPOINTMENT WAS THAT BECAUSE -- BECAUSE SENATOR LATZ ANNOUNCED SO QUICKLY AFTER THE MANS CAME OUT, IT REALLY WAS KIND OF UP TO HER TO EITHER CHALLENGE HER COLLEAGUE AND CREATE GIGS WITHIN THE PARTY OR STEP ASIDE FOR THE GOOD OF THE PARTY.

I THINK SHE DID WHAT WAS BEST FOR THE PARTY AS SHE NORMALLY DOES.

>> Eric: OKAY.

SENATOR KOCH, DO YOU WANT TO GIVE US YOUR TAKE ON THIS?

>> WELL, AND I'VE BEEN SAYING, I'VE BEEN WORRIED SINCE THE MAPS CAME OUT ABOUT THE OSS OF WOMEN OVERALL THAT COULD HAPPEN BECAUSE M OF THE LARGE NUMBER OF PAIRINGS THAT HAPPENED THAT INCLUDED WOMEN.

AND BECAUSE WOMEN ARE AT A HIGH-WATERS MARK AT ABOUT 30% IN THE MINNESOTA EGISLATURE.

BUT EVEN MORE THAN THAT, WHEN YOU TALK ABOUT SENATOR FRANZEN, THERE IS A THIN LINE OF WOMEN AND THERE IS AN EVEN THINNER NUMBER OF WOMEN LEADERS.

IT WAS SENATOR KENT BEFORE HER AND YOURS TRULY, SO THERE WERE ONLY THREE IN THE HISTORY OF MINNESOTA.

SO NOT NEARLY ENOUGH.

SHE WAS A GOOD, STRONG LEADER.

SHE'S NEW TO THE OFFICE AND I'M VERY DISAPOINTSED TO SEE HER LEAVE.

>> Cathy: CARIN, DO YOU WORRY ABOUT THE EIGHT WOMEN SENATORS THAT ARE LEAVING, WHAT ABOUT THE EXODUS LEACHING THERE?

>> YEAH, THERE'S EIGHT OUT OF 21, SUCH A LOW NUMBER AND WE COULD LOSE MORE YET.

I WOULD SAY IT'S A COMBINATION OF THINGS, IT'S ABOUT HOW THE REDISTRICTING WENT DOCUMENTING, IT'S ABOUT HOW WOMEN CHOOSE TO RUN FOR OFFICE, ABOUT RECRUITMENT, ABOUT MENTORING AND ENCOURAGING AND I WOULD JUST SAY TO ALL THE WOMEN OUT THERE LISTENING, RUN NOR OFFICE.

YOU WERE A THE RIGHT CANDIDATE.

DO IT.

>> Cathy: CARIN, DO YOU HAVE A COMMENT ON THIS, TOO?

>> YEAH, I THINK FOR MANY STATE SENATORS, THAT IS THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF POLITICS THEY WILL ATTAIN AND THAT'S FINE.

I THINK FOR SENATOR FRANZEN, SHE'S AN INCREDIBLY BRIGHT LEADER AND I THINK THAT MANY PEOPLE SEE HER GOING MUCH FURTHER, SO THIS IS A DISAPPOINTMENT BUT I THINK HER CAREER IS VERY BRIGHT.

>> Eric: SENATOR KOCH, MONDAY WE HAVE THE NEW REVENUE FORECAST.

AND I AM WONDERING WITH THE UKRAINE SITUATION, OF COURSE THE FORECAST WAS CREATED BEFORE THE SHOOTING BEGAN, IS THAT GOING TO CAUTION A LITTLE SOBERING UP OF A BIG TAX CUT AND IG SPENDING PLANS FOR THIS SESSION?

>> YOU KNOW, WHAT I'M EXPECT CLICK IS, WHEN WE HAVE A $7.7 BILLION SURPLUS PROJECTED FROM NOVEMBER, I EXPECT IT TO BE POSSIBLY EVEN BETTER BUT, AGAIN, WHEN YOU LOOK AT WHAT THE STOCK MARKETS'S BEEN DOING THIS WEEK, THE UNCERTAINTY ON THE WORLD STAGE, I THINK OVERALL LEGISLATORS ARE GOING TO BE CAUTIOUS.

WE'VE COME THROUGH A PANDEMIC, A DIFFICULT TIME, WE KNOW WHAT'S HEAD AND THAT WE DON'T KNOW WHAT'S AHEAD AND I THINK THAT THERE WILL BE CAUTION ALL AROUND.

I THINK THEY'LL -- THEY CAN DO SOME THINGS, THEY'LL SPEND SOME MONEY BUT I ALSO THINK THEY'RE GOING TO BE CAUTIOUS.

>> Eric: CARIN, THE UNMEET NEEDS GROUPS WILL STILL WANT A SLICE OF THE SURPLUS.

CAN THE DEMOCRATS TAMP DOWN DEMAND HERE OR -- >> TAMP DOWN THE COMMAND, THE DEMAND IS ABOUT THE FACT FROM THE OTHER SIDE OF THE AISLE I'M CONSTANTLY HEARING ABOUT INFLATION, IT'S VERY REAL AND PEOPLE CANNOT AFORWARD THEIR LIVES, SO THE DEMAND IS HARDLY JUST POLITICAL, IT REALLY IS PEOPLE WHO ARE FIGHTING TO MAKE ENDS MEET.

I WAS GRATEFUL STOTT THAT THE FRONT-LINE WORKERS RELIEF PACKAGE DID PASS BECAUSE I DO THINK THAT AMY IS RIGHT, THEY'RE GOING TO NEED TO BE MORE CAUTIOUS WITH SPENDS JINX AND BIBLE TO PRIORITIZE AND I THINK PRIORITYTIZING FRONT-LINE WORKERS AND COMMUNITIES THAT HAVE BEEN HIT HAROLDER DURING THE PANDEMIC IS WHERE THE MONEY, GO.

>> Cathy: I SEE GOVERNOR WALZ IS TAKING A TOUR, TALKING ABOUT PUBLIC SAFETY, DOES P.THAT MEAN DEMOCRATS ARE IN TROUBLE WHEN IT COMES TO THAT ISSUE THIS FALL?

>> I THINK THERE ARE TWO STORIES, THE STORIES THAT THE REHABILITATION TELL IS THAT THE DEMOCRATS ARE TALL DE-FUNDSERS AND THEY HATE THE POLICE AND THEN THERE'S THE TRUE STORY THAT THE GOVERNOR INTRODUCED A $350 MILLION POLICE BILL BUT ONE OF THE THINGS I WAS MORE EXCITED ABOUT WAS FUNDING FOR COMMUNITIES TO DETERMINE THEIR OWN PUBLIC SAFETY NEEDS SO I THINK THE IDEA OF TRAVELING AROUND THE STATE AND TALKING TO COMMUNITIES MIRRORS THAT COMMIT THAT DEMOCRATS ARE MAKING TO INCREASING PUBLIC SAFETY IN WAYS THAT COMMUNITIES CAN BE INVESTED IN.

>> Eric: BUT SENATOR, I GOT TO THINK CRIME IS AN ISSUE TRENDING FOR THE REPUBLICANS, ISN'T IT?

IT MAY BE A LITTLE CATCH OPEN UP BY THE GOVERNOR TO MAKE NICE WITH THE POLICE AFTER A SEGMENT OF THE DEMOCRATS HAVE BEEN KIND OF TRASHING THE COPS FOR TWO YEARS.

>> RIGHT, I THINK -- FALLING ON THE HEELS OF WHAT SOME DEMOCRATS HAVE BEEN SAYING ABOUT LAW ENFORCEMENT, WE'RE SEEING A CRIME WAVE.

YOU CAN'T -- I MEAN, VENUSCAST IT SEEMS THERE'S CAR-JACKINGS AND BREAK-INS AND OTHER VIOLENCE THAT'S GOING ON AND IT'S NOT JUST, YOU KNOW, MINNEAPOLIS OR St. PAUL THAT'S EXPERIENCING IT, IT'S ALL OF MINNESOTA, THEY'RE WATCHING AND IT'S GOING TO BE AN ISSUE ON THE BALLOT.

>> Cathy: SO SWITCH OUR FOCUS HERE AND TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT CONGRESSMAN HAGEDORN, HIS FUNERAL WILL BE HELD SOON.

HIS WIDOW, JENNIFER CARNAHAN WAS ON WCCO RADIO SAYING IT'S JUST KIND OF TOO EARLY TO TALK ABOUT THE RACE BUT, SENATOR KOCH, IS SHE RUNNING, DO YOU THINK?

>> YOU KNOW, I DON'T KNOW THAT.

I WAS SAD TO SEE CONGRESSMAN HAGEDORN, WE KNEW HE AS NOT DOING WELL.

IT WAS SAD TO HEAR ABOUT HIS PASSING, HE WAS A NICE GUY.

I KNEW HIM ENOUGH AND HE HAD A QUICK SMILE AND, YOU KNOW, I THINK WE'LL GO THROUGH THE FUNERAL.

THERE'S GOING TO BE A RACE, IT'S OLITICS BUT, YOU KNOW, I THINK THAT THERE WILL BE MULTIPLE PEOPLE ON THAT BALLOT.

>> Cathy: CARIN, WHO DO YOU THINK WILL RUN ON THE DEMOCRATIC SIDE?

>> YOU KNOW, I JUST HEARD RICHARD PAINTER ANNOUNCE THIS WEEK THAT HE'S RUNNING AS A D.F.L.

IN CD1.

YOU KNOW, OKAY, YOU KNOW, THAT'S... [Laughter] THERE WE GO.

>> Eric: CARIN, WHERE ARE WE GOING TO COME DOWN ON THE HERO GRANTS IS IN THE GULF IS PRETTY WIDE BETWEEN THE SENATE AND HOUSE.

WHERE DO YOU SEE THIS ALIGHTING?

>> OH, LOOK, WHEN THE GULF IS WIDE BETWEEN THE SENATE AND THE HOUSE, WE DON'T DO THINGS, YOU KNOW, NOTHING HAPPENS.

THINGS PETER OUT AS WE HEAD TOWARDS THE END OF SESSION, UNLESS SOMEBODY IS WILLING TO GIVE IN, AND I DON'T THINK THIS IS A DIFFERENT AREA THAN ANY OTHER PLACE WHERE THERE IS A WIDE GULF.

>> Eric: DO YOU SEE A MIDDLE GROUND, SENATOR?

>> WELL, THERE IS A MIDDLE GROUND AND I THINK THAT THEY CAN FIND IT.

I HOPE THAT THEY CAN FIND IT.

I ALWAYS STAY OPTIMISTIC, RIGHT?

I KNOW THERE IS A WIDE GULF AND I KNOW THERE'S ONLY NINE WEEKS LEFT BUT I KEEP THINKING, THERE IS A LOT OF MONEY ON THE TABLE, A LOT OF GOOD THINGS THAT COULD BE DONE AND I THINK YOU COULD DO IT ALL.

YOU COULD GIVE MONEY BACK, YOU COULD DO THE HERO PAY AND YOU CAN DO SOME THINGS TO HELP PEOPLE THAT HAVE BEEN STRUGGLING THROUGH THE PANDEMIC.

THERE IS ENOUGH FOR ALL OF THAT.

>> Cathy: SO GETTING ANOTHER POLITICAL QUESTION HERE FOR SENATOR CORK, I SEE THAT MICHELLE TOYOYA, EDINA RESIDENTS AND FORMER N.F.L.

SIDELINE REPORTER IS SPEAKING AT CPAC.

WHAT'S SHE AIMING FOR, DO YOU THINK?

>> OBVIOUSLY SHE'S JUMPING WITH BOTH FEET INTO POLITICS.

SHE JUST FINISHED SUPER BOWL SUNDAY, AND SHE'S AT CPAC.

SHE GOES BIG OR GOES HOME.

I'M NOT SURPRISED TO SEE T. SHE'S AN ATTRACTIVE CANDIDATE AND I WOULD SAY, RUN, MICHELLE, LIKE I TELL, ALL WOMEN, RUN MICHELLE, RUN.

>> SENATE IN '24, WOULD THAT BEING AGAINST KLOBUCHAR?

>> SHE'S DEFINITELY SETTING UMM FOR SOMETHING, YOU DON'T GO TO CPACK WITHOUT HAVING AN EYE ON SOMETHING.

>> Cathy: CARIN, DO YOU WANT TO COMMENT ON THIS?

>> GRIFFITHERS ARE GOING TO GRIFFITH.

>> Eric: ON THAT NOTE -- >> Cathy: WE'LL LEAVE IT THERE.

>> Eric: THANKS, EVERYBODY.

>> Cathy: THANK YOU.

♪ >> IF YOU LOOK FROM POST WORLD WAR II, JUST AFTER WORLD WAR II, TO TODAY, WE MOVED IN SIX OUT OF TEN MINNESOTANS LIVING OUTSIDE THE METRO AREA TO UNDER THREE OUT OF TEN LIVING OUTSIDE, AND SO WHAT'S HAPPENED IS WE ALL HAVE THIS 8th, WHICH IS STILL GREATER MINNESOTA, THE 7th IS NOW KIND OF LAPPING INTO THE METRO AREA.

>> WAY OVER HERE.

>> THE FIRST IS INCHING UP TOWARDS THE IMMEDIATE THROW AND WE'VE REALLY LOST ALTOGETHER ONE OF THOSE DISTRICTS.

>> CATHY: IT'S TIME FOR SOME MINNESOTA HISTORY.

HERE'S OUR QUESTION.

IT CONCERNED MINNEAPOLIS IN THE 1960S, SEEN HERE IN THIS VINTAGE POSTCARD.

IN JANUARY OF 1962, THE "MINNEAPOLIS STAR" NEWSPAPER NOTED THE START OF THREE NEW STRUCTURES THAT REPRESENTED CHANGE IN THE CITY.

THE PAPER SAID THAT THEY WOULD BE COMPLETED IN JUNE.

THEN, IN AUGUST, A NEWSPAPER ARTICLE SAID THAT OCTOBER WOULD BE THE FINISHING DATE.

FINALLY, IN NOVEMBER THERE WAS A FANCY RIBBON-CUTTING CEREMONY.

THE MAYOR WAS THERE.

SO WAS KAREN JOHNSON, MISS DOWNTOWN.

SHE CUT THE RIBBON WHICH WAS MADE OF A CHAIN OF DOLLAR BILLS.

WE WANT YOU TO TELL US WHAT WAS THE OCCASION OF THE RIBBON CUTTING.

WHAT NEW NEW-FANGLED STRUCTURE WAS BEING CELEBRATED WITH A RIBBON-CUTTING CEREMONY IN NOVEMBER 1962?

AS USUAL, YOU HELPED US OUT WITH MANY WRONG GUESSES TO CHOOSE FROM.

HERE'S A GOODLY SAMPLING.

>> CATHY: STEVE, TAKE COMFORT IN THAT YOU WERE CLOSE.

THE RIGHT ANSWER HAD SOMETHING TO DO WITH THE NORTHSTAR INN AND THE NORTHSTAR BUILDING.

LET'S LISTENT TO SOME DETAILS FROM MARIT.

>> CATHY: YES, THE FIRST SKYWAY LINKING THE NORTHWESTERN BANK BUILDING AND THE NORTHSTAR CENTER OPENED IN 1962.

THAT SKYWAY IS STILL THERE, BY THE WAY, AND HAS A TILE FLOOR TO PROVE ITS AGE.

THANKS TO EVERYONE WHO CALLED IN.

WE HAVE A COUPLE OF TUNE-IN ANNOUNCEMENTS BEFORE WE GO.

FOR UPDATES ON THE INVASION OF UKRAINE, "NEWSHOUR WEEKEND" AIRS SATURDAY AND SUNDAY AFTERNOONS ON TWIN CITIES PBS, AND ON MANY OTHER PBS STATIONS.

CHECK YOUR LOCAL LISTINGS.

"ALMANAC AT THE CAPITOL" AIRS EACH WEDNESDAY NIGHT AT 7:00 P.M. DURING THE LEGISLATIVE SESSION.

IT AIRS ON THE MINNESOTA CHANNEL, THE SAME FREE OVER-THE-AIR SERVICE THAT BROADCASTS THE ACTION AT THE STATE LEGISLATURE.

TUNE IN EACH WEEKDAY AT 8:00 A.M. UNTIL 6:00 P.M.

THE MINNESOTA CHANNEL IS A SERVICE OF ALL PBS STATIONS IN THE STATE.

FOR SHOW-CLOSING MUSIC, LET'S DIP INTO THE ARCHIVES.

WE'VE BEEN THINKING OF PETER OSTROUSHKO THIS WEEK.

THE FAMED MANDOLIN PLAYER GREW UP IN THE UKRAINIAN COMMUNITY OF NORTHEAST MINNEAPOLIS.

OSTROUSHKO DIED ONE YEAR AGO YESTERDAY.

IT'S ONLY FITTING THAT WE LEAVE YOU TONIGHT WITH ONE OF THE MANY APPEARANCES PETER OSTROUSHKO MADE IN OUR STUDIOS OVER THE YEARS.

THIS PERFORMANCE WITH GUITARIST DEAN MAGRAW IS FROM 1991.

AND WE SUSPECT IT HASN'T AIRED IN DECADES.

THANKS FOR WATCHING.

♪♪ ♪♪ Captioned by: Paradigm Reporting/Captioning www.paradigmreporting.com "A LMANAC" IS MADE POSSIBLE BY MEMBERS OF THIS PUBLIC TELEVISION STATION.

SUPPORT IS ALSO PROVIDED BY... GREAT RIVER ENERGY: PROVIDING WHOLESALE POWER TO 28 MINNESOTA ELECTRIC COOPERATIVES.

DELTA DENTAL OF MINNESOTA FOUNDATION: IMPROVING ORAL HEALTH WHILE ADVANCING SOCIAL EQUITIES.

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ENBRIDGE: CONNECTING MINNESOTANS WITH ENERGY FOR OVER 70 YEARS.

MORE AT ENBRIDGE.COM/LINE3US.

AND EDUCATION MINNESOTA: THE VOICE FOR PROFESSIONAL EDUCATORS AND STUDENTS THROUGHOUT THE STATE.

MORE AT EDUCATIONMINNESOTA.ORG.

"ALMANAC" IS A PRODUCTION OF TWIN CITIES PBS FOR THE STATIONS OF MINNESOTA PUBLIC TELEVISION ASSOCIATION.