line:85% position:31% size:68% >> WHAT WAS ONCE ONE OF OUR line:85% position:33% size:70% GREATEST NATIONAL RESOURCES, line:85% position:44% size:78% PUBLIC EDUCATION, IS IN DANGER.

line:85% position:24% size:58% IN THIS EPISODE, GLOBAL line:85% position:21% size:53% EDUCATION STRATEGIST.

line:85% position:44% size:78% DR. VICKI PHILLIPS HAS RETURNED line:85% position:24% size:58% TO HER HOME STATE FOR A line:85% position:40% size:75% THOUGHT-PROVOKING CONVERSATION line:85% position:50% size:80% WITH FORMER US AMBASSADOR TO THE line:85% position:44% size:78% UNITED KINGDOM, MATTHEW BARZUN.

line:85% position:50% size:80% DR. PHILLIPS, RAISED IN FALLS OF line:85% position:33% size:70% ROUGH, KENTUCKY, SPENT EIGHT line:85% position:40% size:75% YEARS AS DIRECTOR OF EDUCATION line:85% position:36% size:73% STRATEGY AND GRANT MAKING FOR line:85% position:29% size:65% THE BILL AND MELINDA GATES line:85% position:44% size:78% FOUNDATION AND IS NOW THE CHIEF line:85% position:40% size:75% EDUCATION OFFICER FOR NATIONAL line:85% position:19% size:48% GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY.

line:85% position:29% size:65% AS A CLASSROOM TEACHER AND line:85% position:29% size:65% EDUCATION LEADER IN LOCAL, line:85% position:19% size:48% STATE, AND NATIONAL line:85% position:36% size:73% ORGANIZATIONS, PHILLIPS HAS A line:85% position:22% size:55% BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF THE line:85% position:50% size:80% CHALLENGES AND BEST PRACTICES IN line:85% position:31% size:68% EDUCATION AROUND THE WORLD.

line:85% position:50% size:80% >> SO THERE'S NO DOUBT SOMETIMES line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT PEOPLE ARE SURPRISED WHEN I line:85% position:50% size:80% SAY I'M FROM KENTUCKY, BECAUSE I line:85% position:50% size:80% THINK IN MANY CASES, IF YOU LOOK line:85% position:44% size:78% AT THE POSITIONS THAT I'VE HELD line:85% position:44% size:78% AND THE PLACES I'VE BEEN PEOPLE line:85% position:19% size:48% MAKE AN ASSUMPTION.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THEY MAKE AN ASSUMPTION ABOUT line:85% position:25% size:60% WHERE I WENT TO COLLEGE; line:85% position:36% size:73% THEY MAKE AN ASSUMPTION ABOUT line:85% position:33% size:70% WHERE I GREW UP, AND THEY'RE line:85% position:40% size:75% ALWAYS SURPRISED TO LEARN THAT line:85% position:44% size:78% THEIR ASSUMPTIONS ARE TYPICALLY line:85% position:13% size:25% INCORRECT.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THAT I WENT TO A STATE COLLEGE line:85% position:25% size:60% AND GOT AN EQUALLY GREAT line:85% position:44% size:78% EDUCATION TO SOME OF MY FRIENDS line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT I'VE MET ALONG THE WAY THAT line:85% position:44% size:78% WENT TO VERY DIFFERENT COLLEGES line:85% position:17% size:43% AND UNIVERSITIES; line:85% position:33% size:70% THAT I CAN - YOU KNOW, BE AS line:85% position:33% size:70% KNOWLEDGEABLE ON THE JOB AND line:85% position:44% size:78% ABOUT THE WORLD AS ANYONE ELSE, line:85% position:44% size:78% NO MATTER WHERE YOU'RE FROM AND line:85% position:36% size:73% THAT IT REALLY DOESN'T MATTER line:85% position:22% size:55% WHAT YOUR ZIP CODE IS; line:85% position:50% size:80% IT MATTERS WHAT YOU MAKE OF YOUR line:85% position:50% size:80% LEARNING, AND THAT REALLY BRIGHT line:85% position:33% size:70% PEOPLE EXIST EVERYWHERE, AND line:85% position:29% size:65% IT'S JUST MAKING SURE THAT line:85% position:20% size:50% PEOPLE GET THE RIGHT line:85% position:31% size:68% OPPORTUNITIES TO SHARE THAT line:85% position:14% size:28% BRILLIANCE.

line:85% position:50% size:80% >> Vicki Phillips: IT WAS WHEN I line:85% position:50% size:80% WAS A JUNIOR IN HIGH SCHOOL THAT line:85% position:33% size:70% I MET A YOUNG WOMAN FROM THE line:85% position:44% size:78% AFFLUENT END OF THE COUNTY WHEN line:85% position:33% size:70% WE CONVERGED ON BRECKINRIDGE line:85% position:19% size:48% COUNTY HIGH SCHOOL.

line:85% position:44% size:78% WHEN I GOT TO KNOW HER WELL AND line:85% position:31% size:68% SHE SAID, "ARE YOU GOING TO line:85% position:13% size:23% COLLEGE?"

line:85% position:25% size:60% AND MY ANSWER WAS, "NO."

line:85% position:15% size:35% SHE WAS ANGRY.

line:85% position:29% size:65% SHE WAS, "WHAT DO YOU MEAN line:85% position:33% size:70% YOU'RE NOT GOING TO COLLEGE?

line:85% position:27% size:63% YOU ARE AS SMART AS I AM.

line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU ARE AS ARTICULATE AS I AM.

line:85% position:31% size:68% WHAT DO YOU MEAN YOU'RE NOT line:85% position:17% size:43% GOING TO COLLEGE?

line:85% position:27% size:63% OF COURSE YOU'RE GOING TO line:85% position:13% size:23% COLLEGE."

line:85% position:40% size:75% SHE JUST WOULD NOT ACCEPT THAT line:85% position:50% size:80% THERE WAS ANY INEQUITIES BETWEEN line:85% position:11% size:8% US.

line:85% position:44% size:78% SHE MADE IT HER BUSINESS TO SEE line:85% position:44% size:78% THAT I HAD AN OPPORTUNITY TO GO line:85% position:15% size:33% ON TO SCHOOL.

line:85% position:29% size:65% THAT PEER ACTUALLY CHANGED line:85% position:13% size:20% MY LIFE.

line:85% position:27% size:63% IN THE CURIOUS WAYS OF MY line:85% position:40% size:75% COMMUNITY, WHEN I WENT HOME TO line:85% position:44% size:78% TELL MY FAMILY THAT I WAS GOING line:85% position:50% size:80% TO COLLEGE THEY SAID, "IF YOU DO line:85% position:44% size:78% YOUR VALUES ARE NOT OUR VALUES.

line:85% position:27% size:63% YOU SHOULDN'T COME BACK."

line:85% position:50% size:80% THEY WERE COMING FROM A PLACE OF line:85% position:36% size:73% WHAT THEY KNEW ABOUT COLLEGE, line:85% position:44% size:78% WHICH AT THAT TIME WAS NOT SUCH line:85% position:50% size:80% A GOOD IMAGE ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

line:85% position:33% size:70% THEY WERE ALSO COMING FROM A line:85% position:33% size:70% PLACE OF LOVE AND CARING AND line:85% position:25% size:60% SAFETY IN OUR COMMUNITY.

line:85% position:31% size:68% WHY WOULD YOU WANT TO GO DO line:85% position:11% size:13% THAT.

line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU'LL BE GLAD TO KNOW THAT MY line:85% position:36% size:73% STEPFATHER WAS SUCH A BIG AND line:85% position:44% size:78% GRACIOUS HUMAN BEING THAT A FEW line:85% position:40% size:75% MONTHS LATER HE REACHED OUT TO line:85% position:33% size:70% ME, BROUGHT ME BACK INTO THE line:85% position:25% size:60% FOLD, AND WE HAD A GREAT line:85% position:40% size:75% RELATIONSHIP UP UNTIL THE TIME line:85% position:13% size:20% HE DIED.

line:85% position:44% size:78% MY MOM AND MY FAMILY STILL LIVE line:85% position:17% size:43% HERE IN KENTUCKY.

line:85% position:36% size:73% WE HAVE A GREAT RELATIONSHIP.

line:85% position:40% size:75% I HAVE A LOVE OF ALL KENTUCKY, line:85% position:50% size:80% BUT ESPECIALLY I HAVE A LOVE FOR line:85% position:16% size:38% FALLS OF ROUGH.

line:85% position:36% size:73% IT WAS THE PLACE WHERE WHEN I line:85% position:44% size:78% WAS NOT IN SCHOOL OR WORKING IN line:85% position:33% size:70% THE FARM I WADED THE CREEKS, line:85% position:36% size:73% I FIXED WOUNDED BIRDS AND THE line:85% position:13% size:20% ANIMALS.

line:85% position:40% size:75% I FOUND MY LOVE READING, AND I line:85% position:33% size:70% WOULD GET OFF THE BUS, DO MY line:85% position:50% size:80% CHORES, AND THEN TAKE A BOOK AND line:85% position:31% size:68% RUN DOWN TO THE CREEK WHERE line:85% position:44% size:78% THERE WAS A TREE WITH A BEND IN line:85% position:11% size:8% IT.

line:85% position:33% size:70% I WOULD SIT IN THAT TREE AND line:85% position:50% size:80% READ UNTIL MY MOTHER CAME TO THE line:85% position:31% size:68% EDGE OF THE FIELD AND SAID, line:85% position:13% size:20% "VICKI."

line:85% position:21% size:53% I'D STILL IGNORE HER.

line:85% position:40% size:75% "VICKI."

I'D STILL IGNORE HER.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THEN SHE'D SAY, "VICKI LYNN."

line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT'S WHEN I KNEW I SHOULD STOP line:85% position:40% size:75% IGNORING MY MOTHER AND COME TO line:85% position:13% size:25% THE HOUSE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% IT WAS TIME FOR BED AND TIME TO line:85% position:36% size:73% GET READY TO GO TO SCHOOL FOR line:85% position:15% size:33% THE NEXT DAY.

line:85% position:44% size:78% BUT READING TOOK ME EVERYWHERE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% IT SHOWED ME OPPORTUNITIES THAT line:85% position:40% size:75% I MIGHT NEVER HAVE IMAGINED IN line:85% position:40% size:75% MY SMALL COMMUNITY IN FALLS OF line:85% position:17% size:40% ROUGH, KENTUCKY.

line:85% position:44% size:78% ISN'T IT APPROPRIATE THAT NOW I line:85% position:27% size:63% GET TO SHARE THAT KIND OF line:85% position:40% size:75% CURIOSITY WITH THE WORLD IN MY line:85% position:31% size:68% ROLE AT NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC line:85% position:27% size:63% WHERE I CAN HELP KIDS AND line:85% position:44% size:78% TEACHERS REDISCOVER THAT WONDER line:85% position:50% size:80% OF THE WORLD AND THE LESSONS ALL line:85% position:44% size:78% AROUND US AND SHARE THAT ACROSS line:85% position:13% size:25% THE GLOBE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% YOU KNOW, THE CORE OF MY CAREER line:85% position:44% size:78% CAN BE SUMMED UP IN FIVE WORDS: line:85% position:24% size:58% BY DESIGN, NOT BY LUCK.

line:85% position:25% size:60% I CONSIDER THAT I GOT MY line:85% position:36% size:73% OPPORTUNITY TO MOVE PAST HIGH line:85% position:33% size:70% SCHOOL INTO COLLEGE BY LUCK.

line:85% position:36% size:73% IT WAS THAT CHANCE FRIENDSHIP line:85% position:50% size:80% WITH THAT PEER AT MY HIGH SCHOOL line:85% position:50% size:80% WHO PUSHED ME AND LITERALLY AS I line:85% position:22% size:55% SAID, CHANGED MY LIFE.

line:85% position:31% size:68% BUT KIDS SHOULDN'T GET THAT line:85% position:20% size:50% OPPORTUNITY BY LUCK.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THEY SHOULD GET IT BY DESIGN.

line:85% position:31% size:68% TONIGHT THE CONVERSATION IS line:85% position:44% size:78% ABOUT IS EDUCATION UNBRIDLED OR line:85% position:14% size:28% UNRAVELING.

line:85% position:40% size:75% I WILL ALWAYS COME DOWN ON THE line:85% position:27% size:63% SIDE OF OPTIMISM ON THAT.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THE REASON I DO THAT IS BECAUSE line:85% position:33% size:70% WE KNOW SO MUCH MORE IN THIS line:85% position:40% size:75% COUNTRY THAN WE DID ABOUT WHAT line:85% position:12% size:15% WORKS.

line:85% position:40% size:75% WE KNOW THAT THERE ARE SETS OF line:85% position:31% size:68% SKILLS THAT WE HAVE TO HOLD line:85% position:33% size:70% EVERY SINGLE STUDENT IN THIS line:85% position:14% size:28% COUNTRY TO.

line:85% position:27% size:63% THAT WE HAVE TO HELP THEM line:85% position:13% size:20% ACHIEVE.

line:85% position:27% size:63% THAT INCLUDES THE KIND OF line:85% position:20% size:50% ACADEMIC MASTERY AND line:85% position:44% size:78% ACHIEVEMENT, THE KNOWLEDGE THAT line:85% position:31% size:68% WE WANT THEM TO HOLD ACROSS line:85% position:33% size:70% MATH, LITERACY, SCIENCE, AND line:85% position:15% size:33% OTHER TOPICS.

line:85% position:40% size:75% IT ALSO INCLUDES THE HABITS OF line:85% position:50% size:80% LEARNING AND SCHOLARSHIP THAT WE line:85% position:40% size:75% WANT KIDS TO GAIN SO THAT THEY line:85% position:36% size:73% BECOME LIFE LONG LEARNERS, SO line:85% position:44% size:78% THAT WE CAN ENABLE THEM TO HAVE line:85% position:36% size:73% THAT MINDSET AND GOAL SETTING line:85% position:44% size:78% AND PERSISTENCE AND THE ABILITY line:85% position:33% size:70% TO ALWAYS LEARN AND GROW, SO line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT LEARNING CAN TAKE THEM INTO line:85% position:33% size:70% DIFFERENT PLACES AND SPACES.

line:85% position:36% size:73% WE KNOW THAT OUR YOUNG PEOPLE line:85% position:40% size:75% THESE DAYS WILL CHANGE CAREERS line:85% position:40% size:75% AND TAKE UP NEW OPPORTUNITIES, line:85% position:44% size:78% AND THAT THEY NEED CONTEMPORARY line:85% position:33% size:70% SKILLS THAT ALLOW THEM TO DO line:85% position:20% size:50% THAT: COLLABORATION, line:85% position:33% size:70% PROBLEM SOLVING, CREATIVITY, line:85% position:40% size:75% CURIOSITY, ALL OF THOSE THINGS line:85% position:40% size:75% BECOME HUGELY IMPORTANT TO OUR line:85% position:44% size:78% BUSINESSES AND PLACES THAT KIDS line:85% position:17% size:43% WILL MATRICULATE.

line:85% position:36% size:73% BUT IT ALSO BECOMES IMPORTANT line:85% position:24% size:58% FOR THEIR LIFE IN THEIR line:85% position:50% size:80% COMMUNITIES, AND CERTAINLY THOSE line:85% position:40% size:75% ALL IMPORTANT COMMUNITY SKILLS line:85% position:40% size:75% THAT I FEEL LIKE I WALKED AWAY line:85% position:29% size:65% FROM, OR WALKED AWAY WITH, line:85% position:29% size:65% ACTUALLY, IN MY JOURNEY IN line:85% position:50% size:80% KENTUCKY WHERE I FELT LIKE I WAS line:85% position:31% size:68% ALWAYS SOMETHING LARGER OUT line:85% position:12% size:15% THERE.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THAT I WAS ALWAYS PART OF THAT line:85% position:17% size:43% SOMETHING LARGER.

line:85% position:29% size:65% FOR ME IT STARTED BY BEING line:85% position:22% size:55% LARGER THAN MY FAMILY.

line:85% position:50% size:80% IT STARTED WITH MY COMMUNITY AND line:85% position:44% size:78% BEING INVOLVED IN MY COMMUNITY.

line:85% position:36% size:73% LATER IT TOOK ME TO PLACES IN line:85% position:13% size:23% KENTUCKY.

line:85% position:44% size:78% LATER IT TOOK ME PAST KENTUCKY.

line:85% position:33% size:70% BUT IN EVERY PLACE I'VE BEEN line:85% position:31% size:68% THAT SENSE OF COMMUNITY HAS line:85% position:15% size:35% STOOD ME WELL.

line:85% position:40% size:75% WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT KIDS line:85% position:29% size:65% UNDERSTAND STEWARDSHIP AND line:85% position:27% size:63% INTEGRITY AND COURAGE AND line:85% position:27% size:63% EMPATHY FOR OTHERS BEYOND line:85% position:14% size:28% THEMSELVES.

line:85% position:50% size:80% SO WE KNOW THAT HOLDING STUDENTS line:85% position:50% size:80% TO THOSE KINDS OF HIGH STANDARDS line:85% position:36% size:73% AND EXPECTATIONS MAKES A HUGE line:85% position:29% size:65% DIFFERENCE, AND THAT EVERY line:85% position:36% size:73% STUDENT, NO MATTER WHERE THEY line:85% position:29% size:65% COME FROM SHOULD HAVE THAT line:85% position:14% size:30% OPPORTUNITY.

line:85% position:33% size:70% THEN WE KNOW THAT WE HAVE TO line:85% position:31% size:68% MAKE SURE THAT WE DON'T PIT line:85% position:29% size:65% THINGS AGAINST EACH OTHER.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THERE'S A LOT OF CONVERSATION line:85% position:29% size:65% RIGHT NOW ABOUT COLLEGE OR line:85% position:50% size:80% TECHNICAL SCHOOLS, BUT THE TRUTH line:85% position:36% size:73% IS THE SAME SKILLS ARE NEEDED line:85% position:13% size:23% FOR BOTH.

line:85% position:40% size:75% BOTH HAVE REMARKABLY PIECES IN line:85% position:12% size:18% COMMON.

line:85% position:40% size:75% SO, WE NEED TO LEARN MUCH MORE line:85% position:36% size:73% ABOUT HOW TO LIVE IN THE AND.

line:85% position:50% size:80% IT ISN'T ONE THING OR THE OTHER.

line:85% position:44% size:78% IT'S THE COMBINATION THAT OFTEN line:85% position:50% size:80% GIVES US THE MOST IMPACT AND THE line:85% position:15% size:33% MOST SYNERGY.

line:85% position:36% size:73% IT MEANS HOLDING OUR STUDENTS line:85% position:50% size:80% ALL TO HIGH STANDARDS AND GIVING line:85% position:25% size:60% THEM THOSE ALL IMPORTANT line:85% position:40% size:75% CURRICULUM SUPPORTS THAT ALLOW line:85% position:50% size:80% THEM TO LEAVE HIGH SCHOOL AND BE line:85% position:29% size:65% SUCCESSFUL WHETHER IT'S IN line:85% position:50% size:80% COLLEGE OR A TECHNICAL SCHOOL OR line:85% position:21% size:53% IN AN APPRENTICESHIP.

line:85% position:44% size:78% IT MEANS HELPING THOSE STUDENTS line:85% position:40% size:75% GAIN IMAGES OF THEMSELVES THAT line:85% position:50% size:80% THEY MIGHT NOT HAVE HAD, OR THEY line:85% position:36% size:73% MIGHT NOT HOLD, AND TO PEOPLE line:85% position:25% size:60% LIKE THEM WHO HOLD THOSE line:85% position:13% size:25% POSITIONS.

line:85% position:31% size:68% IT MEANS NOT LOWERING THOSE line:85% position:29% size:65% STANDARDS ONE IOTA FOR ONE line:85% position:31% size:68% SINGLE STUDENT JUST BECAUSE line:85% position:44% size:78% IT'S MORE COMFORTABLE SOMETIMES line:85% position:17% size:43% FOR US AS ADULTS.

line:85% position:31% size:68% IT DOES MEAN GETTING REALLY line:85% position:36% size:73% CLEAR ABOUT WHAT WORKS IN THE line:85% position:40% size:75% COUNTRY AND ALSO ABOUT HOW YOU line:85% position:36% size:73% FIT IT INTO YOUR OWN CONTEXT.

line:85% position:33% size:70% TO STAND ON THE SHOULDERS OF line:85% position:40% size:75% OTHERS WHO HAVE FIGURED THINGS line:85% position:50% size:80% OUT AND TO GO THE NEXT DISTANCE, line:85% position:18% size:45% THAT'S INNOVATION.

line:85% position:25% size:60% THAT'S A REALLY POWERFUL line:85% position:50% size:80% CONSTRUCT FOR US IN EDUCATION TO line:85% position:20% size:50% CONTINUE TO EMBRACE.

line:85% position:33% size:70% I NEVER FAIL TO SAY THIS, NO line:85% position:40% size:75% MATTER I AM, BECAUSE WE SHOULD line:85% position:29% size:65% NEVER FORGET IN CALM OR IN line:85% position:44% size:78% TURBULENT TIMES THAT THE SINGLE line:85% position:44% size:78% MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IN SCHOOL line:85% position:33% size:70% IN A CHILD'S EDUCATION THEIR line:85% position:27% size:63% ABILITY TO GAIN ALL THOSE line:85% position:33% size:70% OUTCOMES IS A GREAT TEACHER.

line:85% position:50% size:80% EVERY SINGLE DAY OF THEIR SCHOOL line:85% position:44% size:78% CAREER, PUTTING A GREAT TEACHER line:85% position:44% size:78% IN FRONT OF STUDENTS, MAKES ALL line:85% position:16% size:38% THE DIFFERENCE.

line:85% position:14% size:30% [ APPLAUSE ] line:85% position:14% size:30% [ APPLAUSE ] line:85% position:50% size:80% WE SHOULD REMEMBER THAT TEACHING line:85% position:11% size:8% ... line:85% position:44% size:78% IF THERE'S ONE SILVER BULLET IN line:85% position:40% size:75% EDUCATION, AND THERE'S NOT, IT line:85% position:40% size:75% IS A GREAT TEACHER IN FRONT OF line:85% position:24% size:58% EVERY CHILD EVERY YEAR.

line:85% position:25% size:60% WE SHOULDN'T FORGET THAT line:85% position:29% size:65% TEACHERS AND TEACHING IS A line:85% position:15% size:33% COMPLEX TASK.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT IT IS BOTH ART AND SCIENCE, line:85% position:44% size:78% AND THAT IT IS POWERFUL BECAUSE line:85% position:31% size:68% OF WHAT IT ENABLES THE NEXT line:85% position:17% size:43% GENERATION TO DO.

line:85% position:25% size:60% THEN THERE ARE SOLUTIONS line:85% position:44% size:78% HAPPENING AROUND THE WORLD THAT line:85% position:21% size:53% WE SHOULD PICK UP AND line:85% position:14% size:28% LEARN FROM.

line:85% position:50% size:80% SOLUTIONS THAT ACTUALLY HAVE THE line:85% position:27% size:63% ABILITY TO ACCELERATE OUR line:85% position:13% size:23% PROGRESS.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THERE'S A GREAT REPORT OUT RIGHT line:85% position:40% size:75% NOW BY THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTE line:85% position:20% size:50% CALLED "LEAPFROGGING line:85% position:14% size:30% INEQUALITY."

line:85% position:50% size:80% THEY LOOKED AT 3,000 INNOVATIONS line:85% position:44% size:78% IN THE US AND AROUND THE WORLD, line:85% position:29% size:65% AND BEGAN TO CATALOG THOSE line:85% position:36% size:73% INNOVATIONS ABOUT WHAT REALLY line:85% position:50% size:80% WORKED AND WHAT HAD THE POWER TO line:85% position:36% size:73% PUSH EDUCATION FORWARD AND TO line:85% position:20% size:50% ACCELERATE PROGRESS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THERE ARE MANY OF THEM, BUT TWO line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT ARE EASY TO IMPLEMENT OR AT line:85% position:44% size:78% LEAST EASY IN RELATIVE TERMS IS line:85% position:33% size:70% PROJECT-BASED LEARNING WHERE line:85% position:24% size:58% KIDS TAKE BIG, POWERFUL line:85% position:31% size:68% QUESTIONS AND EXPLORE THEIR line:85% position:40% size:75% CURIOSITY AROUND THE WORLD AND line:85% position:33% size:70% USE DEEP CONTENT TO DO THAT, line:85% position:31% size:68% BUT WHERE WE TAP INTO THOSE line:85% position:50% size:80% PASSIONS AND INTERESTS THAT KIDS line:85% position:44% size:78% HAVE AND USE THAT TO FUEL THEIR line:85% position:20% size:50% ENERGY FOR LEARNING.

line:85% position:29% size:65% THE SECOND IS A NETWORK OF line:85% position:33% size:70% CARING ADULTS WRAPPED AROUND line:85% position:14% size:30% EVERY CHILD.

line:85% position:22% size:55% ADULTS WHO FOLLOW THEM line:85% position:40% size:75% THROUGHOUT THEIR SCHOOL CAREER line:85% position:44% size:78% AND INTO THEIR EARLY CAREER AND line:85% position:50% size:80% MENTOR THEM AND SUPPORT THEM AND line:85% position:40% size:75% ACKNOWLEDGE THEM AND HELP THEM line:85% position:50% size:80% STAY AND PERSIST IN WHAT THEY'RE line:85% position:12% size:15% DOING.

line:85% position:27% size:63% KENTUCKY HAS AN IMPORTANT line:85% position:44% size:78% QUESTION IN FRONT OF IT BECAUSE line:85% position:44% size:78% KENTUCKY IS ONE OF THOSE STATES line:85% position:19% size:48% IN TURBULENT TIMES.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THAT KEY QUESTION IS, WHAT ARE line:85% position:17% size:40% YOU GOING TO DO?

line:85% position:29% size:65% WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO TO line:85% position:40% size:75% LEAPFROG EDUCATION FORWARD NOW line:85% position:44% size:78% SO THAT KENTUCKY WHICH HAS GONE line:85% position:50% size:80% FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE STATES TO line:85% position:40% size:75% THE MIDDLE CAN NOW GO FROM THE line:85% position:18% size:45% MIDDLE TO THE TOP.

line:85% position:25% size:60% WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO?

line:85% position:33% size:70% WHAT ARE WE GOING TO NOT LET line:85% position:27% size:63% HAPPEN THAT DECIMATES OUR line:85% position:40% size:75% STANDARDS, OUR TEACHING FORCE, line:85% position:40% size:75% THE OTHER KINDS OF THINGS THAT line:85% position:40% size:75% REALLY DRIVE QUALITY EDUCATION line:85% position:33% size:70% IN THIS STATE AND ACROSS THE line:85% position:13% size:20% COUNTRY.

line:85% position:50% size:80% ONE THING THAT WE KNOW THAT THAT line:85% position:44% size:78% TAKES IS COURAGEOUS LEADERSHIP.

line:85% position:33% size:70% IT TAKES UNCOMMON COURAGEOUS line:85% position:14% size:28% LEADERSHIP.

line:85% position:33% size:70% A GROUNDSWELL CONVERGENCE OF line:85% position:27% size:63% CITIZENS AND STUDENTS AND line:85% position:33% size:70% TEACHERS AND LEADERS IN BOTH line:85% position:27% size:63% BUSINESS AND CIVIC COMING line:85% position:36% size:73% TOGETHER AND SAYING, "THIS IS line:85% position:18% size:45% WHAT WE STAND FOR.

line:85% position:50% size:80% WE WILL STAND FOR NOTHING LESS."

line:85% position:44% size:78% REAL CHANGE IN EDUCATION IS NOT line:85% position:24% size:58% FOR THE FAINT OF HEART.

line:85% position:44% size:78% WE HAVE TO BE ABLE TO TAKE THAT line:85% position:27% size:63% NEXT LEAP IN KENTUCKY AND line:85% position:13% size:25% ELSEWHERE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% WE SHOULD REMEMBER PARTICULARLY line:85% position:44% size:78% IN KENTUCKY THAT WE ARE MADE OF line:85% position:50% size:80% STERN STUFF, DEEPLY ROOTED UP TO line:85% position:19% size:48% THE NEXT CHALLENGE.

line:85% position:40% size:75% I THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME HERE line:85% position:13% size:20% TONIGHT.

line:85% position:29% size:65% I'M LOOKING FORWARD TO THE line:85% position:44% size:78% QUESTIONS AND THE CONVERSATION.

line:85% position:44% size:78% I WANT TO THANK KENTUCKY TO THE line:85% position:44% size:78% WORLD FOR REMINDING US THAT THE line:85% position:27% size:63% INTELLECTUAL AND CULTURAL line:85% position:36% size:73% CAPACITY OF KENTUCKY IS QUITE line:85% position:15% size:35% EXTRAORDINARY.

line:85% position:13% size:25% THANK YOU.

line:85% position:14% size:30% [ APPLAUSE ] line:85% position:14% size:30% [ APPLAUSE ] line:85% position:15% size:33% >> THANK YOU.

line:85% position:44% size:78% SO, YOU KNOW WITH ALL THIS TALK line:85% position:21% size:53% ABOUT EDUCATION I WAS line:85% position:44% size:78% REMEMBERING A STORY FROM WHEN I line:85% position:33% size:70% WAS IN FIFTH OR SIXTH GRADE.

line:85% position:50% size:80% I WENT TO MY TEACHER AND I SAID, line:85% position:33% size:70% "TEACHER, WOULD I EVER BE IN line:85% position:31% size:68% TROUBLE FOR ANYTHING THAT I line:85% position:14% size:28% DIDN'T DO?"

line:85% position:22% size:55% THE TEACHER SAID, "NO.

line:85% position:11% size:13% WHY?"

line:85% position:44% size:78% I SAID, "WELL, BECAUSE I DIDN'T line:85% position:17% size:40% DO MY HOMEWORK."

line:85% position:14% size:30% [ LAUGHTER ] line:85% position:15% size:35% BUT I DIGRESS.

line:85% position:40% size:75% OKAY, SO MATTHEW BARZUN SERVED line:85% position:24% size:58% AS US AMBASSADOR TO THE line:85% position:44% size:78% UNITED KINGDOM FROM AUGUST 2013 line:85% position:25% size:60% FINANCE CHAIR FOR FORMER line:85% position:25% size:60% PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA'S line:85% position:40% size:75% REELECTION CAMPAIGN, AND AS US line:85% position:21% size:53% AMBASSADOR TO SWEDEN.

line:85% position:40% size:75% IN 2008 HE VOLUNTEERED FOR THE line:85% position:31% size:68% THEN SENATOR BARACK OBAMA'S line:85% position:44% size:78% PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN, ELECTION line:85% position:44% size:78% CAMPAIGN, LEADING THE EFFORT TO line:85% position:27% size:63% CONDUCT SUPPORTER DRIVEN, line:85% position:25% size:60% SMALL DONOR FUNDRAISERS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% HE JOINED CNET NETWORKS IN 1993 line:85% position:44% size:78% AS ITS FOURTH EMPLOYEE AND HELD line:85% position:33% size:70% VARIOUS MANAGEMENT POSITIONS line:85% position:25% size:60% DURING HIS 11 YEARS WITH line:85% position:21% size:53% THE COMPANY INCLUDING line:85% position:24% size:58% CHIEF STRATEGY OFFICER.

line:85% position:50% size:80% MATTHEW IS CURRENTLY CHAIRMAN OF line:85% position:40% size:75% TORTOISE MEDIA, A LONDON-BASED line:85% position:44% size:78% NEWS ORGANIZATION, IS PUBLISHER line:85% position:29% size:65% OF LOUISVILLE MAGAZINE AND line:85% position:40% size:75% LOUISVILLE.COM, AND IS WORKING line:85% position:27% size:63% ON A NON-FICTION BOOK FOR line:85% position:36% size:73% OPTIMISM PRESS, A DIVISION OF line:85% position:21% size:53% PENGUIN RANDOM HOUSE.

line:85% position:29% size:65% MATTHEW CURRENTLY LIVES IN line:85% position:36% size:73% LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY WITH HIS line:85% position:36% size:73% FAMILY WITH A STRONG INTEREST line:85% position:24% size:58% IN EDUCATION POLICY AND line:85% position:13% size:23% PRACTICE.

line:85% position:27% size:63% MATTHEW VISITED MORE THAN line:85% position:24% size:58% 200 BRITISH SCHOOLS AND line:85% position:33% size:70% CONDUCTED WORKSHOPS FOR MORE line:85% position:44% size:78% THAN 20,000 BRITISH HIGH SCHOOL line:85% position:18% size:45% SENIORS DURING HIS line:85% position:16% size:38% AMBASSADORSHIP.

line:85% position:44% size:78% HE SERVED ON THE BOARDS OF MANY line:85% position:22% size:55% NON-PROFITS FOCUSED ON line:85% position:36% size:73% EDUCATION, PUBLIC POLICY, AND line:85% position:21% size:53% INTERFAITH RELATIONS.

line:85% position:21% size:53% MATTHEW, COME ON OUT.

line:85% position:36% size:73% >> Matthew Barzun: THANK YOU.

line:85% position:15% size:33% GOOD EVENING.

line:85% position:25% size:60% Dr. PHILLIPS, THANK YOU.

line:85% position:15% size:33% WELCOME HOME.

line:85% position:36% size:73% >> Vicki Phillips: THANK YOU.

line:85% position:33% size:70% IT'S ALWAYS GOOD TO BE HOME.

line:85% position:40% size:75% >> Matthew Barzun: I GOT TO BE line:85% position:50% size:80% UP IN THE FRONT ROW LISTENING TO line:85% position:31% size:68% YOUR WONDERFUL PRESENTATION line:85% position:40% size:75% LLS OF ROUGH.AVE NEVER BEEN TO line:85% position:33% size:70% U BROUGHT IT ALIVE WITH YOUR line:85% position:27% size:63% WONDERFUL WORDS AND THOSE line:85% position:17% size:43% BEAUTIFUL IMAGES.

line:85% position:40% size:75% I'D LOVE TO START OFF JUST HOW line:85% position:36% size:73% DO YOU DESCRIBE THE WONDERFUL line:85% position:36% size:73% COMMONWEALTH OF KENTUCKY MORE line:85% position:44% size:78% GENERALLY TO PEOPLE WHO HAVEN'T line:85% position:14% size:28% BEEN THERE?

line:85% position:33% size:70% >> Vicki Phillips: YOU KNOW, line:85% position:44% size:78% I ACTUALLY DESCRIBE KENTUCKY AS line:85% position:36% size:73% A PLACE OBVIOUSLY WHERE, AS I line:85% position:44% size:78% SAID EARLIER, PEOPLE ARE DEEPLY line:85% position:33% size:70% ROOTED, HAVE THIS WONDERFUL, line:85% position:31% size:68% AMAZING SENSE OF COMMUNITY, line:85% position:31% size:68% ARE SOME OF THE FRIENDLIEST line:85% position:31% size:68% PEOPLE ON EARTH, FIND GREAT line:85% position:22% size:55% SOLUTIONS TO DIFFICULT line:85% position:36% size:73% CHALLENGES, AND WHERE I THINK line:85% position:44% size:78% THE CULTURE AND THE AMBIENCE IS line:85% position:17% size:43% ONE OF REAL CARE.

line:85% position:31% size:68% I ALWAYS SAY TO PEOPLE, "IN line:85% position:44% size:78% ADDITION TO THAT, THE GEOGRAPHY line:85% position:44% size:78% IS BEAUTIFUL AND IF YOU HAVEN'T line:85% position:40% size:75% BEEN, YOU SHOULD TAKE A LOOK."

line:85% position:36% size:73% >> Matthew Barzun: EXCELLENT.

line:85% position:15% size:35% BRING US BACK.

line:85% position:50% size:80% I MEAN, THE STORY THAT YOU TOLD, line:85% position:44% size:78% YOUR WONDERFUL FRIEND CONVINCES line:85% position:31% size:68% YOU THAT YOU OUGHT TO GO TO line:85% position:13% size:20% COLLEGE.

line:85% position:20% size:50% YOU GO ON TO WKU, GO line:85% position:14% size:30% HILLTOPPERS.

line:85% position:14% size:30% [ APPLAUSE ] line:85% position:50% size:80% WHAT WAS AN ALTERNATE CAREER YOU line:85% position:31% size:68% CONSIDERED AT WKU OR WAS IT line:85% position:33% size:70% ALWAYS GOING TO BE TEACHING?

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Vicki Phillips: I HAD A LOVE line:85% position:44% size:78% OF TEACHING FROM THE TIME I WAS line:85% position:33% size:70% VERY SMALL, BUT I WILL ADMIT line:85% position:33% size:70% THAT WHEN I DECIDED TO GO TO line:85% position:40% size:75% COLLEGE, I WAS RESISTING THAT.

line:85% position:50% size:80% I PLANNED TO ENTER THE SCIENCES.

line:85% position:29% size:65% I TOOK A NUMBER OF SCIENCE line:85% position:44% size:78% COURSES, FOUND THAT I LIKED THE line:85% position:31% size:68% SUBJECT MATTER ON ONE HAND, line:85% position:33% size:70% WASN'T AS FIRED UP ABOUT THE line:85% position:40% size:75% CAREERS THAT I THOUGHT WERE MY line:85% position:31% size:68% CHOICES RIGHT THEN, AND WAS line:85% position:31% size:68% PERSISTING BUT KEPT SORT OF line:85% position:40% size:75% LEANING BACK TOWARD EDUCATION.

line:85% position:44% size:78% SO, FINALLY I KIND OF PULLED UP line:85% position:33% size:70% MY COURAGE, WENT OVER TO THE line:85% position:44% size:78% COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, AND THERE line:85% position:40% size:75% WERE TWO FAIRLY NEW PROFESSORS line:85% position:24% size:58% THERE IN THE COLLEGE OF line:85% position:36% size:73% EDUCATION WHO WERE CLEARLY ON line:85% position:36% size:73% THE CUTTING EDGE OF EDUCATION line:85% position:44% size:78% PRACTICE AT THAT TIME AND WHO I line:85% position:31% size:68% JUST WAS A ...

FELT LIKE I line:85% position:25% size:60% COULD REALLY LEARN FROM.

line:85% position:27% size:63% THEY SORT OF REIGNITED MY line:85% position:44% size:78% PASSION TO TEACH, AND I HAVEN'T line:85% position:18% size:45% LOOKED BACK SINCE.

line:85% position:36% size:73% >> Matthew Barzun: OH, THAT'S line:85% position:12% size:15% GREAT.

line:85% position:36% size:73% WOULD YOU LIST THEM, YOU'RE A line:85% position:27% size:63% STEP AHEAD OF ME, AS YOUR line:85% position:40% size:75% FAVORITE TEACHER, OR WOULD YOU line:85% position:36% size:73% GO BACK TO FALLS OF ROUGH FOR line:85% position:11% size:13% THAT?

line:85% position:27% size:63% MAYBE WE'LL GIVE YOU TWO.

line:85% position:40% size:75% >> Vicki Phillips: YOU'LL GIVE line:85% position:12% size:18% ME TWO?

line:85% position:50% size:80% >> Matthew Barzun: I DON'T KNOW.

line:85% position:24% size:58% WE'RE A GENEROUS BUNCH.

line:85% position:31% size:68% >> Vicki Phillips: I HAVE A line:85% position:33% size:70% NUMBER OF TEACHERS THAT WERE line:85% position:40% size:75% FANTASTIC, BUT THERE WERE TWO.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THEY WERE ACTUALLY MY FRESHMAN line:85% position:17% size:40% YEAR IN COLLEGE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% I, LIKE MANY KIDS I THINK, MADE line:85% position:29% size:65% MY WAY THROUGH HIGH SCHOOL line:85% position:33% size:70% MOSTLY ON ROTE MEMORIZATION.

line:85% position:40% size:75% I WASN'T EXPECTED TO LEARN BIG line:85% position:40% size:75% CONCEPTUAL TOPICS OR IDEAS AND line:85% position:15% size:35% EXPLORE THOSE.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THAT SORT OF WASN'T HOW I WAS line:85% position:12% size:18% TAUGHT.

line:85% position:44% size:78% SO, I ARRIVED AT COLLEGE PRETTY line:85% position:36% size:73% UNEQUIPPED TO BE THERE, AND I line:85% position:29% size:65% GOT A COUPLE OF REALLY BAD line:85% position:33% size:70% GRADES IN MY FIRST COUPLE OF line:85% position:13% size:20% COURSES.

line:85% position:44% size:78% ONE IN MY ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS line:85% position:44% size:78% CLASS BECAUSE I COULDN'T WRITE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% I WAS NOT A GOOD WRITER AT ALL.

line:85% position:44% size:78% I COULD DIAGRAM A SENTENCE THAT line:85% position:44% size:78% WAS AS LONG AS A PARAGRAPH, BUT line:85% position:31% size:68% I COULD NOT WRITE AN ESSAY.

line:85% position:31% size:68% SECOND, I TOOK A STATISTICS line:85% position:44% size:78% CLASS AND THAT ONE JUST SORT OF line:85% position:40% size:75% KIND OF BLEW ME AWAY BECAUSE I line:85% position:33% size:70% HAD MEMORIZED ALL THOSE MATH line:85% position:13% size:23% FORMULAS.

line:85% position:29% size:65% I DIDN'T HAVE A CONCEPTUAL line:85% position:15% size:35% UNDERSTANDING.

line:85% position:44% size:78% BOTH OF THOSE PROFESSORS LOOKED line:85% position:50% size:80% AT ME AND SAID, "I DIDN'T FIGURE line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU FOR THIS KIND OF A GRADE."

line:85% position:40% size:75% I SAID, "ME EITHER."

THEY WERE line:85% position:50% size:80% LIKE, "WELL, WE'RE JUST GOING TO line:85% position:44% size:78% DO SOMETHING ABOUT THAT BECAUSE line:85% position:44% size:78% THERE'S MORE TALENT IN YOU THEN line:85% position:31% size:68% YOU ARE EXHIBITING IN THOSE line:85% position:27% size:63% GRADES WE'RE GIVING YOU."

line:85% position:40% size:75% BOTH OF THEM TOOK AN INTEREST, line:85% position:27% size:63% TUTORED ME, SUPPORTED ME, line:85% position:40% size:75% ENCOURAGED ME, TAUGHT ME ABOUT line:85% position:29% size:65% LEARNING IN WAYS I'D NEVER line:85% position:14% size:30% EXPERIENCED.

line:85% position:40% size:75% I ENDED UP GETTING AN A IN ONE line:85% position:40% size:75% COURSE AND A B, I THINK IT WAS line:85% position:31% size:68% LIKE A B- IN THE OTHER ONE.

line:85% position:40% size:75% SO, ALL BECAUSE THEY HELPED ME line:85% position:50% size:80% LEARN HOW TO LEARN IN A WAY THAT line:85% position:25% size:60% I HAD NEVER EXPERIENCED.

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Matthew Barzun: SO, SPEAKING line:85% position:31% size:68% OF LEARNING HOW TO LEARN, I line:85% position:44% size:78% THOUGHT THE TITLE FOR TONIGHT'S line:85% position:21% size:53% TALK WAS PROVOCATIVE.

line:85% position:50% size:80% IF THOSE OF YOU WHO REMEMBER IT, line:85% position:33% size:70% YOU HAVE IT IN FRONT OF YOU, line:85% position:25% size:60% UNBRIDLED OR UNRAVELING.

line:85% position:29% size:65% IT STRUCK ME, YOU HAD THIS line:85% position:36% size:73% WONDERFUL IMAGE OF THE ORANGE line:85% position:14% size:30% APPLE THING.

line:85% position:31% size:68% YOU ARE DRAWN TO THE "AND."

line:85% position:40% size:75% IT STRUCK ME THAT IT'S STRANGE line:85% position:50% size:80% TO TALK ABOUT EDUCATION AND TALK line:85% position:22% size:55% ABOUT BEING UNBRIDLED.

line:85% position:22% size:55% YOU GREW UP ON A FARM, line:85% position:15% size:35% AND I DID NOT.

line:85% position:50% size:80% I AM FROM BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, line:85% position:29% size:65% BUT HOW DO YOU THINK ABOUT line:85% position:13% size:20% BRIDLES.

line:85% position:33% size:70% AND THEIR ROLE AS, YOU KNOW.

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Vicki Phillips: WELL, WHEN I line:85% position:40% size:75% THINK OF WHEN I HEAR THAT TERM line:85% position:11% size:13% IS I- line:85% position:40% size:75% >> Matthew Barzun: NOT ME, NOT line:85% position:11% size:8% ME.

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Vicki Phillips: WHAT I THINK line:85% position:36% size:73% OF WHEN I HEAR THAT TERM IS A line:85% position:36% size:73% TAG LINE THAT'S OFTEN BEEN ON line:85% position:50% size:80% THE STATE OF KENTUCKY'S PIECE AS line:85% position:21% size:53% YOU MOVE IN, WHICH IS line:85% position:17% size:43% UNBRIDLED SPIRIT.

line:85% position:44% size:78% SO, FOR ME, UNBRIDLED MEANS YOU line:85% position:33% size:70% TURN SOMETHING LOOSE AND YOU line:85% position:31% size:68% MIGHT POINT IT IN THE RIGHT line:85% position:29% size:65% DIRECTION, BUT YOU EXPAND, line:85% position:24% size:58% YOU OPEN UP YOUR MINDS.

line:85% position:50% size:80% YOU THINK ABOUT NEW SOLUTIONS TO line:85% position:33% size:70% COMMON CHALLENGING PROBLEMS.

line:85% position:27% size:63% THAT'S WHAT I THINK ABOUT line:85% position:13% size:25% UNBRIDLED- line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Matthew Barzun: YOU TAKE OFF line:85% position:15% size:33% THE BLINDERS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Vicki Phillips: YOU TAKE OFF line:85% position:40% size:75% THE BLINDERS, NOT YOU PUT THEM line:85% position:11% size:8% ON.

line:85% position:44% size:78% NOT THAT YOU'RE REIGNING IN AND line:85% position:50% size:80% HOLDING ACCOUNTABILITY SO TIGHT, line:85% position:31% size:68% BUT THAT YOU'RE IN THAT AND line:85% position:44% size:78% WHERE YOU CAN HAVE AUTONOMY AND line:85% position:16% size:38% ACCOUNTABILITY.

line:85% position:50% size:80% YOU COULD HAVE HIGH EXPECTATIONS line:85% position:17% size:43% AND HIGH SUPPORT.

line:85% position:44% size:78% YOU CAN THINK ABOUT COLLEGE AND line:85% position:36% size:73% CAREER BECAUSE THE SKILLS YOU line:85% position:40% size:75% NEED ARE ESSENTIALLY THE SAME.

line:85% position:50% size:80% SO, FOR ME, UNBRIDLED IS IN MANY line:85% position:36% size:73% WAYS LIVING IN THAT AND SPACE line:85% position:36% size:73% WHERE YOU GET MORE SYNERGY BY line:85% position:40% size:75% THE "AND" THAN YOU DO WHEN YOU line:85% position:50% size:80% THINK OF THINGS AS AN EITHER/OR.

line:85% position:36% size:73% >> Matthew Barzun: EXCELLENT.

line:85% position:44% size:78% WE HAD A WONDERFUL CHANCE TO BE line:85% position:50% size:80% TOGETHER EARLIER WITH SOME YOUNG line:85% position:19% size:48% FOLKS WHO ARE HERE.

line:85% position:31% size:68% WELCOME TO THE BIGGER ROOM.

line:85% position:44% size:78% WE WERE TOUCHING ON SOMEONE YOU line:85% position:40% size:75% KNEW WHO I'VE ONLY READ ABOUT, line:85% position:36% size:73% THE WONDERFUL MAN WHO USED TO line:85% position:50% size:80% RUN ALL THE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM line:85% position:33% size:70% IN FINLAND [POSSI 00:22:44].

line:85% position:36% size:73% FINLAND, BY THE WAY, I ALWAYS line:85% position:33% size:70% SAID USED TO WIN NUMBER ONE.

line:85% position:36% size:73% OCCASIONALLY IT WOULD LOSE TO line:85% position:33% size:70% SINGAPORE AS THE BEST PUBLIC line:85% position:40% size:75% SCHOOL EDUCATION IN THE WORLD, line:85% position:44% size:78% BUT I GUESS, BUT YOU'LL TELL US line:85% position:17% size:40% MORE ABOUT THIS.

line:85% position:33% size:70% HE WAS QUOTED AS SAYING THAT line:85% position:50% size:80% WHENEVER HE CAME TO AMERICA HE'D line:85% position:50% size:80% GET TOGETHER WITH GROUPS LIKE US line:85% position:33% size:70% TONIGHT WHO CARE ABOUT THESE line:85% position:44% size:78% ISSUES AND INEVITABLY THE FIRST line:85% position:44% size:78% QUESTION WOULD BE, "WHAT DO YOU line:85% position:17% size:40% DO ABOUT TEACHER line:85% position:17% size:40% ACCOUNTABILITY?"

line:85% position:36% size:73% FINNS SPEAK VERY GOOD ENGLISH line:85% position:44% size:78% AND HE SAID, "BUT WE DON'T HAVE line:85% position:33% size:70% A WORD FOR ACCOUNTABILITY IN line:85% position:31% size:68% FINNISH, BUT I'VE TALKED TO line:85% position:44% size:78% ENOUGH OF YOU AMERICANS I THINK line:85% position:21% size:53% I KNOW WHAT YOU MEAN.

line:85% position:36% size:73% IT'S THAT THING YOU HAVE LEFT line:85% position:20% size:50% AFTER YOU'VE REMOVED line:85% position:17% size:40% RESPONSIBILITY."

line:85% position:16% size:38% THAT STRUCK ME.

line:85% position:25% size:60% I WAS LIKE, "OOH, THAT'S line:85% position:13% size:25% POWERFUL."

line:85% position:15% size:33% IT'S A THING.

line:85% position:50% size:80% IT'S KIND OF A THIN, MEAN THING.

line:85% position:29% size:65% BUT HOW DO RESPOND TO THAT line:85% position:40% size:75% STATEMENT AND HOW DO YOU THINK line:85% position:50% size:80% ABOUT THAT WORD, ACCOUNTABILITY, line:85% position:22% size:55% VERSUS RESPONSIBILITY?

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Vicki Phillips: I THINK IT'S line:85% position:31% size:68% UNFORTUNATE THAT ONE OF THE line:85% position:44% size:78% THINGS WE OFTEN DO IN EDUCATION line:85% position:44% size:78% IS REDUCE SOMETHING TO ITS KIND line:85% position:16% size:38% OF LOWEST TERM.

line:85% position:25% size:60% MEAN, ACCOUNTABILITY CAN line:85% position:18% size:45% ACTUALLY ENCOMPASS line:85% position:16% size:38% RESPONSIBILITY.

line:85% position:31% size:68% WHEN I TALK TO TEACHERS ALL line:85% position:33% size:70% ACROSS THIS COUNTRY, BECAUSE line:85% position:36% size:73% USUALLY ACCOUNTABILITY IN OUR line:85% position:40% size:75% COUNTRY'S AIMED AT TEACHERS IN line:85% position:33% size:70% AN EDUCATION SENSE, TEACHERS line:85% position:50% size:80% AREN'T AFRAID OF ACCOUNTABILITY.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THEY WANT AN EXPANSIVE VIEW OF line:85% position:27% size:63% ACCOUNTABILITY THAT SAYS, line:85% position:50% size:80% "I'M NOT JUDGED ON ONE INDICATOR line:85% position:12% size:15% ALONE.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THERE ARE LOTS OF THINGS THAT line:85% position:44% size:78% MAKE UP WHETHER THE STUDENTS IN line:85% position:31% size:68% MY CLASS ARE SUCCESSFUL AND line:85% position:44% size:78% WHETHER THEY'RE GROWING YEAR ON line:85% position:12% size:15% YEAR."

line:85% position:40% size:75% THEY WANT MEANINGFUL FEEDBACK, line:85% position:50% size:80% NOT FEEDBACK THAT'S DOESN'T GIVE line:85% position:50% size:80% THEM THE OPPORTUNITY TO GROW AND line:85% position:12% size:15% LEARN.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THEY WANT THEIR EVALUATIONS TO line:85% position:50% size:80% BE ATTACHED TO GOOD PROFESSIONAL line:85% position:33% size:70% LEARNING THAT ACTUALLY SUITS line:85% position:40% size:75% THEM AS PERSONALIZED FOR THEM, line:85% position:31% size:68% HELPS THEM BE BETTER IN THE line:85% position:13% size:25% CLASSROOM.

line:85% position:25% size:60% I TALK TO MANY TEACHERS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% IT'S NOT THAT THEY'RE AFRAID OF line:85% position:44% size:78% ACCOUNTABILITY OR BRISTLE EVERY line:85% position:17% size:40% TIME YOU SAY IT.

line:85% position:50% size:80% IT'S MORE HOW WE'VE NARROWED OUR line:85% position:33% size:70% DEFINITION OF ACCOUNTABILITY line:85% position:33% size:70% JUST LIKE WE'VE NARROWED OUR line:85% position:44% size:78% DEFINITION SOMETIMES OF COLLEGE line:85% position:36% size:73% AND CAREER, OR WE'VE NARROWED line:85% position:18% size:45% OTHER DEFINITIONS.

line:85% position:25% size:60% I THINK IT'S TIME TO PUT line:85% position:36% size:73% CONVERSATION BEHIND THE WORDS line:85% position:44% size:78% BECAUSE WE TOSS THESE TERMS OUT line:85% position:36% size:73% WITHOUT TALKING TO EACH OTHER line:85% position:40% size:75% ABOUT WHETHER WE HAVE A COMMON line:85% position:22% size:55% UNDERSTANDING OF THAT.

line:85% position:40% size:75% SOMEHOW WE HAVE TO COME TO THE line:85% position:27% size:63% COMMON GROUND, THE COMMON line:85% position:27% size:63% UNDERSTANDING BY ACTUALLY line:85% position:36% size:73% LISTENING AS I HEARD YOU ALSO line:85% position:25% size:60% SAY TO KIDS EARLIER, AND line:85% position:44% size:78% LISTENING FOR UNDERSTANDING AND line:85% position:44% size:78% THEN HAVING A REAL CONVERSATION line:85% position:24% size:58% RATHER THAN THE SORT OF line:85% position:44% size:78% TURBULENT OF STUFF THAT GOES ON line:85% position:24% size:58% ACROSS THIS NARROW TOP.

line:85% position:31% size:68% >> Matthew Barzun: OKAY, SO line:85% position:31% size:68% BUILDING ON THAT AND YOU'RE line:85% position:27% size:63% TALKING ABOUT WORDS, THIS line:85% position:25% size:60% LANGUAGE WE USE WITH ONE line:85% position:13% size:20% ANOTHER.

line:85% position:40% size:75% WITHIN YOUR PROFESSION, SO I'M line:85% position:50% size:80% FROM OUTSIDE OF IT, WHAT ARE THE line:85% position:33% size:70% BITS OF LINGO THAT DRIVE YOU line:85% position:11% size:13% NUTS?

line:85% position:36% size:73% THEN THE FOLLOWUP QUESTION IS line:85% position:44% size:78% GOING TO BE, WHAT ARE THE WORDS line:85% position:44% size:78% THAT YOU WISH WE WOULD USE MORE line:85% position:11% size:8% OF?

line:85% position:33% size:70% >> Vicki Phillips: WOW, IT'S line:85% position:22% size:55% SUCH A GREAT QUESTION.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THE BITS OF WORDS THAT MAKE ME line:85% position:33% size:70% NUTS WOULD BE ACCOUNTABILITY line:85% position:33% size:70% BECAUSE WE'VE NARROWED IT SO line:85% position:27% size:63% TOUGH, RANKING AND RATING line:85% position:44% size:78% BECAUSE WE TEND TO DO THAT FROM line:85% position:36% size:73% A NARROW BAND AND DEFINITION, line:85% position:25% size:60% PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT line:85% position:44% size:78% CAPACITY BUILDING MAKES ME NUTS line:85% position:40% size:75% BECAUSE WE OFTEN HAVE ONE VIEW line:85% position:40% size:75% OF IT AND TEACHERS HAVE A VERY line:85% position:31% size:68% DIFFERENT VIEW OF WHAT THEY line:85% position:33% size:70% NEED, AND WE DON'T LISTEN TO line:85% position:20% size:50% TEACHERS ABOUT THAT.

line:85% position:33% size:70% SO, SOME OF THE COMMON TERMS line:85% position:44% size:78% ACTUALLY MAKE ME A LITTLE CRAZY line:85% position:40% size:75% NOT BECAUSE I DON'T VALUE THEM line:85% position:44% size:78% OR THINK THAT THEY'RE IMPORTANT line:85% position:33% size:70% PILLARS ACTUALLY OF THE WORK line:85% position:44% size:78% THAT WE NEED TO DO, BUT BECAUSE line:85% position:40% size:75% WE HAVE SO MADE THEM SEEM LIKE line:85% position:22% size:55% THEY'RE DIRTY WORDS OR line:85% position:16% size:38% THEY'RE NOT ... line:85% position:50% size:80% THEY'RE SO MISUNDERSTOOD, AND WE line:85% position:50% size:80% SLING THEM AROUND RATHER THAN AS line:85% position:31% size:68% I SAID, HAVING A MEANINGFUL line:85% position:33% size:70% AUTHENTIC CONVERSATION ABOUT line:85% position:21% size:53% WHAT WE MEAN BY THAT.

line:85% position:27% size:63% SO, WE TALK AT SUCH CROSS line:85% position:13% size:23% PURPOSES.

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Matthew Barzun: ANY FAVORITE line:85% position:11% size:13% ONES?

line:85% position:33% size:70% >> Vicki Phillips: TEACHERS, line:85% position:14% size:30% [ APPLAUSE ] line:85% position:11% size:5% .

line:85% position:13% size:23% STUDENTS.

line:85% position:14% size:30% [ APPLAUSE ] line:85% position:31% size:68% RESPECT FOR THE PROFESSION, line:85% position:13% size:23% OPTIMISM.

line:85% position:15% size:35% I COULD GO ON.

line:85% position:15% size:35% YOU WANT ME -- line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Matthew Barzun: I WAS SEEING line:85% position:25% size:60% IF IT WAS GOING TO SPELL line:85% position:13% size:25% SOMETHING.

line:85% position:27% size:63% I DON'T KNOW IF OTHER ... line:85% position:14% size:30% ANYONE ELSE?

line:85% position:17% size:40% IS THAT ONLY ME?

line:85% position:14% size:30% [ LAUGHTER ] line:85% position:19% size:48% OKAY, THAT'S GREAT.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THERE WAS THAT BEAUTIFUL IMAGE line:85% position:44% size:78% YOU SHARED OF THE FACE WITH THE line:85% position:17% size:43% MAP OF THE WORLD.

line:85% position:33% size:70% I THINK IT GOT OOHS AND AHHS line:85% position:50% size:80% FROM LOTS OF US IN THE AUDIENCE.

line:85% position:36% size:73% IS THAT A NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC line:85% position:14% size:28% PHOTOGRAPH?

line:85% position:50% size:80% >> Vicki Phillips: IT'S ACTUALLY line:85% position:33% size:70% NOT, BUT IT MIGHT BECOME ONE line:85% position:13% size:20% SHORTLY.

line:85% position:40% size:75% >> Matthew Barzun: YEAH, OKAY.

line:85% position:50% size:80% DO YOU NOTICE KENTUCKY WAS RIGHT line:85% position:14% size:28% IN THE EYE?

line:85% position:50% size:80% I THOUGHT THAT WAS KIND OF COOL.

line:85% position:36% size:73% I'M GOING TO TAKE YOU ON THAT line:85% position:17% size:43% MAP OF THE WORLD.

line:85% position:36% size:73% EARLIER I SAID FINLAND ALWAYS line:85% position:33% size:70% WINS NUMBER ONE AND YOU'RE A line:85% position:44% size:78% GREAT TEACHER, YOU TOLD ME THAT line:85% position:20% size:50% THIS NO LONGER TRUE.

line:85% position:33% size:70% CAN YOU SHARE WITH US WHO IS line:85% position:36% size:73% EXCELLING IN PUBLIC EDUCATION line:85% position:40% size:75% THAT WE MAY NOT HAVE HEARD OF, line:85% position:50% size:80% AND WHAT'S GOING ON, AND WHAT WE line:85% position:33% size:70% IN KENTUCKY MIGHT LEARN FROM line:85% position:11% size:13% THEM?

line:85% position:50% size:80% >> Vicki Phillips: WELL, WE WERE line:85% position:31% size:68% HAVING A CONVERSATION ABOUT line:85% position:50% size:80% OTHER COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD line:85% position:36% size:73% AND THE FACT THAT FINLAND AND line:85% position:36% size:73% SINGAPORE IN PARTICULAR OFTEN line:85% position:40% size:75% GET HELD UP AND RIGHTFULLY SO.

line:85% position:31% size:68% THEY HAVE AMAZING EDUCATION line:85% position:13% size:20% SYSTEMS.

line:85% position:25% size:60% FINLAND IN PARTICULAR IS line:85% position:25% size:60% RETHINKING MUCH OF THEIR line:85% position:17% size:43% EDUCATION SYSTEM.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THEY'VE BEEN AT THE HIGH POINTS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THEY ARE BECOMING MORE AND MORE line:85% position:50% size:80% MULTICULTURAL AND DIVERSE, SO AS line:85% position:40% size:75% THEY DO THAT THEY WANT TO MAKE line:85% position:50% size:80% SURE THAT THEY ARE WELL EQUIPPED line:85% position:29% size:65% TO HELP EVERY SINGLE CHILD line:85% position:31% size:68% COMING THROUGH THEIR DOORS, line:85% position:36% size:73% EVERY SINGLE STUDENT SUCCEED.

line:85% position:50% size:80% SO, THEY ARE NOT WILLING TO REST line:85% position:29% size:65% ON WHERE THEY ARE OR WHERE line:85% position:50% size:80% THEY'VE BEEN OR THE SUCCESS THAT line:85% position:25% size:60% THEY'VE HAD IN THE PAST.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THEY ARE REALLY PUSHING FORWARD.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THAT SAID, A FEW YEARS AGO ON line:85% position:50% size:80% THE PISA SHANGHAI CAME VERY HIGH line:85% position:17% size:40% IN THE RANKINGS.

line:85% position:27% size:63% IN FACT, IT OUTPERFORMED- line:85% position:36% size:73% >> Matthew Barzun: CAN I DO A line:85% position:44% size:78% LITTLE LINGO CHECK FOR THOSE OF line:85% position:14% size:28% US OUTSIDE?

line:85% position:24% size:58% >> Vicki Phillips: YES.

line:85% position:36% size:73% >> Matthew Barzun: JUST WHAT- line:85% position:25% size:60% >> Vicki Phillips: PISA.

line:85% position:25% size:60% PISA IS AN INTERNATIONAL line:85% position:29% size:65% EXAMINATION THAT IS A VERY line:85% position:29% size:65% MEANINGFUL EXAM ACROSS THE line:85% position:12% size:15% WORLD.

line:85% position:20% size:50% THE UNITED STATES IS line:85% position:33% size:70% PARTICIPATING IN IT MORE AND line:85% position:11% size:13% MORE.

line:85% position:50% size:80% WHERE COUNTRIES FALL ON THE PISA line:85% position:40% size:75% RANKINGS MAKES A DIFFERENCE TO line:85% position:11% size:13% THEM.

line:85% position:44% size:78% FINLAND, SINGAPORE, OTHERS HAVE line:85% position:33% size:70% BEEN AT THE TOP AND YOU HAVE line:85% position:50% size:80% PROBABLY SEEN FROM THE NEWS THAT line:85% position:50% size:80% THE UNITED STATES IS OFTEN MUCH, line:85% position:18% size:45% MUCH FURTHER DOWN.

line:85% position:50% size:80% SO, A FEW YEARS AGO, PEOPLE WERE line:85% position:44% size:78% QUITE SURPRISED WHEN MANY LARGE line:85% position:44% size:78% CITIES STARTED TAKING THE PISA, line:85% position:44% size:78% THAT SHANGHAI CATAPULTED TO THE line:85% position:11% size:10% TOP.

line:85% position:31% size:68% THE INTERESTING THING ABOUT line:85% position:36% size:73% SHANGHAI IS THAT SHANGHAI HAS line:85% position:44% size:78% HAD SCHOOLS OVER THE YEARS THAT line:85% position:36% size:73% WERE FAIRLY LOW PERFORMING AS line:85% position:40% size:75% WELL AS SCHOOLS THAT WERE HIGH line:85% position:14% size:28% PERFORMING.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THEY HAD A MORE DIVERSE INCOME line:85% position:13% size:23% SPECTRUM.

line:85% position:36% size:73% A LOT OF CHALLENGES, AND IN A line:85% position:50% size:80% FEW SHORT YEARS CLOSED THAT GAP.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THEY CLOSED IT BY MANY OF THE line:85% position:29% size:65% THINGS THAT WE JUST TALKED line:85% position:44% size:78% ABOUT: HOLDING STUDENTS TO HIGH line:85% position:40% size:75% STANDARDS, GIVING TEACHERS THE line:85% position:50% size:80% KIND OF RESPECT AND PROFESSIONAL line:85% position:20% size:50% LEARNING AND SUPPORT line:85% position:44% size:78% OPPORTUNITIES, OPPORTUNITIES TO line:85% position:29% size:65% NETWORK AND WORK TOGETHER.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THERE WERE AN ARRAY OF THINGS line:85% position:44% size:78% THAT THEY DID THAT BROUGHT THEM line:85% position:40% size:75% TO THE TOP OF THOSE ASSESSMENT line:85% position:13% size:23% RANKINGS.

line:85% position:40% size:75% WHATEVER WE MIGHT ALL THINK OR line:85% position:50% size:80% FEEL ABOUT ASSESSMENTS THERE ARE line:85% position:44% size:78% DIFFERENT KINDS OF ASSESSMENTS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THE PISA EXAM IS ACTUALLY QUITE line:85% position:50% size:80% A GOOD ASSESSMENT AND SO TO MAKE line:85% position:40% size:75% THAT KIND OF PROGRESS IS WORTH line:85% position:15% size:35% LEARNING FROM.

line:85% position:27% size:63% >> Matthew Barzun: GREAT.

line:85% position:50% size:80% BRINGING IT BACK CLOSER TO HOME, line:85% position:25% size:60% YOU TALKED EARLIER ABOUT line:85% position:36% size:73% KENTUCKY THROUGH THE KENTUCKY line:85% position:44% size:78% EDUCATION REFORM ACT GOING FROM line:85% position:50% size:80% NEAR THE BOTTOM OF SOME RANKINGS line:85% position:33% size:70% MORE TOWARDS THE MIDDLE, AND line:85% position:50% size:80% YOUR HOPE THAT WE WOULD CONTINUE line:85% position:17% size:43% TO MAKE PROGRESS.

line:85% position:36% size:73% CAN YOU BRING US BACK TO THAT line:85% position:44% size:78% TIME WHEN WE WERE CLOSER TO THE line:85% position:40% size:75% BOTTOM, WHAT YOU WERE THINKING line:85% position:36% size:73% AND HOPING BACK THEN, AND ANY line:85% position:31% size:68% THINGS YOU THOUGHT WOULD BE line:85% position:36% size:73% BETTER THAT TURNED OUT WORSE, line:85% position:24% size:58% THINGS YOU WERE SORT OF line:85% position:21% size:53% PESSIMISTIC ABOUT ... line:85% position:40% size:75% I KNOW YOU'RE AN OPTIMIST, BUT line:85% position:31% size:68% THINGS YOU THOUGHT WOULD BE line:85% position:36% size:73% TOUGHER THAT TURNED OUT TO BE line:85% position:12% size:18% EASIER.

line:85% position:31% size:68% BRING US BACK TO THAT TIME.

line:85% position:25% size:60% >> Vicki Phillips: SURE.

line:85% position:36% size:73% IT WAS QUITE AN EXTRAORDINARY line:85% position:31% size:68% TIME IN KENTUCKY, AND FOR A line:85% position:36% size:73% YOUNG EDUCATOR LIKE MYSELF IT line:85% position:36% size:73% WAS A POWERFUL CONVERGENCE OF line:85% position:33% size:70% DEFINITELY A COURT CASE THAT line:85% position:21% size:53% SPURRED THE FINANCIAL line:85% position:25% size:60% RESOLUTION, DEFINITELY A line:85% position:31% size:68% KNOWLEDGE AMONG KENTUCKIANS line:85% position:29% size:65% SPURRED BY THE WORK OF THE line:85% position:40% size:75% PRICHARD COMMITTEE AND LOTS OF line:85% position:40% size:75% OTHERS THAT KENTUCKY NEEDED TO line:85% position:36% size:73% DO SOMETHING FAIRLY DRAMATIC.

line:85% position:44% size:78% A SET OF LEGISLATORS AND OTHERS line:85% position:36% size:73% WHO WERE WILLING TO SET ASIDE line:85% position:36% size:73% PARTISAN AND OTHER ISSUES AND line:85% position:36% size:73% CONCENTRATE ON WHAT THE COURT line:85% position:40% size:75% DECISION SAID THAT THEY SHOULD line:85% position:50% size:80% DO AND DID THAT EXPANSIVELY, NOT line:85% position:40% size:75% JUST IN ITS MOST NARROW SENSE, line:85% position:50% size:80% BUT DID THAT IN AN EXPANSIVE WAY line:85% position:25% size:60% WHERE KENTUCKY TOOK UP A line:85% position:24% size:58% HUMONGOUS CHALLENGE AND line:85% position:22% size:55% I THINK THE THINGS ... line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU KNOW, AS I WAS PART OF THE line:85% position:33% size:70% CORE TEAM IMPLEMENTING THAT, line:85% position:31% size:68% WATCHING WHAT HAPPENED WHEN line:85% position:29% size:65% STUDENTS WERE HELD TO MUCH line:85% position:31% size:68% HIGHER STANDARDS ACROSS THE line:85% position:44% size:78% STATE, WATCHING SCHOOLS IN VERY line:85% position:25% size:60% LOW INCOME AREAS GO FROM line:85% position:31% size:68% VERY LOW PERFORMING TO HIGH line:85% position:50% size:80% PERFORMING, ALL OF THAT WAS VERY line:85% position:13% size:23% POWERFUL.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THERE WERE ALSO THINGS THAT KIND line:85% position:40% size:75% OF CREATED LOTS OF CONTROVERSY line:85% position:25% size:60% AND WENT BY THE WAYSIDE.

line:85% position:33% size:70% THE QUEST TO DO A NON-GRADED line:85% position:50% size:80% PRIMARY PROGRAM WASN'T THAT WELL line:85% position:50% size:80% RECEIVED IN THE STATE AND DIDN'T line:85% position:17% size:40% ULTIMATELY LAST.

line:85% position:27% size:63% IT TOOK PEOPLE A WHILE TO line:85% position:44% size:78% EMBRACE SITE-BASED COUNCILS AND line:85% position:22% size:55% I KNOW THERE'S STILL A line:85% position:24% size:58% CONVERSATION ABOUT THAT line:85% position:15% size:33% IN SOME WAYS.

line:85% position:33% size:70% YET, THERE WERE THE RESOURCE line:85% position:36% size:73% CENTERS AND OTHERS, SO WHAT I line:85% position:44% size:78% THOUGHT WAS POWERFUL ABOUT MUCH line:85% position:50% size:80% OF THE WORK THAT WAS GOING ON IN line:85% position:44% size:78% KENTUCKY IS THAT THERE WAS FIVE line:85% position:44% size:78% YEARS TO IMPLEMENT THE REFORMS, line:85% position:29% size:65% BUT DIFFERENT PLACES COULD line:85% position:31% size:68% IMPLEMENT DIFFERENT ASPECTS line:85% position:25% size:60% FIRST AND WORK THEIR WAY line:85% position:15% size:33% TO ALL OF IT.

line:85% position:27% size:63% SO, YOU WATCHED DIFFERENT line:85% position:27% size:63% SCHOOLS EMBRACE DIFFERENT line:85% position:44% size:78% ASPECTS AND THE SORT OF CONTEXT line:85% position:21% size:53% THAT MATTERED, RIGHT.

line:85% position:31% size:68% IF YOU WERE IN A REALLY LOW line:85% position:40% size:75% INCOME AREA, YOU MIGHT EMBRACE line:85% position:31% size:68% THE FAMILY RESOURCE CENTERS line:85% position:50% size:80% FIRST BECAUSE YOU KNEW THAT KIDS line:85% position:36% size:73% NEEDED THE KIND OF WRAPAROUND line:85% position:13% size:23% SUPPORTS.

line:85% position:40% size:75% SO, IT WAS A FASCINATING TIME.

line:85% position:27% size:63% THE THING I REMEMBER MOST line:85% position:44% size:78% LOOKING BACK AT IT WAS ACTUALLY line:85% position:29% size:65% SITTING IN THE GALLERY AND line:85% position:40% size:75% WATCHING THE LEGISLATURE STAND line:85% position:31% size:68% UP AND TALK ABOUT HOW NEVER line:85% position:33% size:70% AGAIN SHOULD THERE BE A TIME line:85% position:36% size:73% WHEN KENTUCKY SCHOOL CHILDREN line:85% position:44% size:78% DIDN'T HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY FOR line:85% position:20% size:50% A QUALITY EDUCATION.

line:85% position:14% size:30% [ APPLAUSE ] line:85% position:31% size:68% >> Matthew Barzun: I HAVE A line:85% position:40% size:75% SUSPICION THAT WHEN WE OPEN IT line:85% position:36% size:73% UP IN 20 MINUTES OR SO TO THE line:85% position:36% size:73% QUESTIONS FROM THIS WONDERFUL line:85% position:31% size:68% GROUP THAT WE WILL GET SOME line:85% position:22% size:55% SPECIFIC ONES ON THAT.

line:85% position:33% size:70% I'LL LEAVE THAT TO THEN, BUT line:85% position:14% size:30% HERE WE ARE.

line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU JUST HINTED AT HERE WE ARE line:85% position:12% size:15% TODAY.

line:85% position:44% size:78% CAN YOU GO INTO WITHOUT GETTING line:85% position:13% size:20% INTO ... line:85% position:50% size:80% I DON'T KNOW HOW TO PUT THIS T·.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THESE ISSUES HAVE BEEN IN THE line:85% position:40% size:75% NEWS RECENTLY IN OUR WONDERFUL line:85% position:15% size:33% COMMONWEALTH.

line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU JUST ARRIVED LAST NIGHT SO line:85% position:40% size:75% I'M NOT GOING TO DRAG YOU INTO line:85% position:11% size:13% THAT.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THEY MAY, BUT YOU HAVE SEEN THIS line:85% position:27% size:63% WHETHER IT'S YOUR TIME IN line:85% position:31% size:68% PENNSYLVANIA, YOUR TIME OUT line:85% position:40% size:75% WEST, AND THAT WONDERFUL QUOTE line:85% position:19% size:48% FROM CHIEF SEATTLE.

line:85% position:36% size:73% I HAD NEVER SEEN THAT BEFORE.

line:85% position:20% size:50% THAT'S SO BEAUTIFUL.

line:85% position:40% size:75% SO, YOU'VE SEEN PEOPLE TALKING line:85% position:50% size:80% AT EACH OTHER, TALKING PAST EACH line:85% position:25% size:60% OTHER ON THESE SUBJECTS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% SHARE WITH US PLEASE, WHAT HAVE line:85% position:50% size:80% YOU NOTICED ABOUT HOW PEOPLE ARE line:85% position:44% size:78% MISUNDERSTANDING EACH OTHER, OR line:85% position:20% size:50% MAYBE IT'S NOT ABOUT line:85% position:44% size:78% MISUNDERSTANDING, BUT WHAT HAVE line:85% position:31% size:68% YOU SEEN IN THESE DIFFERENT line:85% position:29% size:65% STATES ABOUT THESE DEBATES line:85% position:50% size:80% BECAUSE THEY'RE NOT NEW, TO YOUR line:85% position:12% size:15% POINT.

line:85% position:31% size:68% WHAT CAN YOU SHARE WITH US?

line:85% position:50% size:80% >> Vicki Phillips: YEAH, THEY'RE line:85% position:13% size:20% NOT NEW.

line:85% position:24% size:58% THE TOPIC IS OFTEN NEW.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THERE'S TWO THINGS I THINK THAT line:85% position:17% size:40% I SEE HAPPENING.

line:85% position:40% size:75% ONE IS WHEN AN EDUCATION TOPIC line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT SHOULD BE SOMETHING THAT IS line:85% position:22% size:55% MEANINGFUL AND SORT OF line:85% position:27% size:63% UBIQUITOUSLY ACCEPTED AND line:85% position:50% size:80% UNDERSTOOD BECOMES A WEDGE ISSUE line:85% position:29% size:65% FOR A GROUP AND A LEVEL OF line:85% position:21% size:53% MISUNDERSTANDING GETS line:85% position:44% size:78% PERPETUATED, AND PERPETUATED SO line:85% position:40% size:75% FAST, AND SO BROADLY THAT IT'S line:85% position:22% size:55% HARD TO BRING IT BACK.

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Matthew Barzun: CAN YOU GIVE line:85% position:40% size:75% US AN EXAMPLE FROM, LET'S JUST line:85% position:21% size:53% PICK ON PENNSYLVANIA.

line:85% position:36% size:73% >> Vicki Phillips: WELL, I'LL line:85% position:22% size:55% PICK ON MORE THAN EVEN line:85% position:15% size:33% PENNSYLVANIA.

line:85% position:44% size:78% I'LL PICK ON THE COUNTRY AROUND line:85% position:50% size:80% THE COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS.

line:85% position:33% size:70% THOSE STANDARDS ARE THE SAME line:85% position:36% size:73% STANDARDS THAT MANY DEVELOPED line:85% position:40% size:75% COUNTRIES THAT ARE SCORING THE line:85% position:31% size:68% BEST IN THE WORLD, THAT ARE line:85% position:50% size:80% EDUCATING ALL KIDS TO A LEVEL OF line:85% position:22% size:55% HIGH QUALITY, EMBRACE.

line:85% position:31% size:68% THERE'S NOTHING MAGIC ABOUT line:85% position:17% size:40% THOSE STANDARDS.

line:85% position:40% size:75% IT'S WHAT SHOULD KIDS KNOW AND line:85% position:44% size:78% BE ABLE TO DO ACROSS THE COURSE line:85% position:44% size:78% OF THEIR CAREER, AND YET IN THE line:85% position:27% size:63% COUNTRY, IT BECAME A HUGE line:85% position:14% size:30% CONTROVERSY.

line:85% position:40% size:75% I MEAN, AT FIRST 46 STATES AND line:85% position:25% size:60% THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA line:85% position:16% size:38% EMBRACED THOSE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THE COUNTRY WAS ON A PATH TO BE line:85% position:36% size:73% ABLE TO HOLD ALL KIDS TO HIGH line:85% position:40% size:75% STANDARDS WHETHER YOU LIVED IN line:85% position:44% size:78% KENTUCKY OR YOU MOVED ACROSS TO line:85% position:50% size:80% TENNESSEE OR UP INTO OHIO OR YOU line:85% position:33% size:70% WENT ACROSS TO CALIFORNIA OR line:85% position:50% size:80% MAYBE YOU WENT ACROSS THE WORLD.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT'S ALL THOSE STANDARDS WERE.

line:85% position:33% size:70% >> Vicki Phillips: THEY WERE line:85% position:50% size:80% WHAT DO KIDS NEED TO KNOW AND BE line:85% position:33% size:70% ABLE TO DO AT EVERY POINT IN line:85% position:50% size:80% THEIR SCHOOL CAREER AND YET THEY line:85% position:44% size:78% BECAME A HUGE WEDGE ISSUE AND A line:85% position:31% size:68% ENORMOUS CONTROVERSY TO THE line:85% position:36% size:73% POINT THAT MANY STATES HAD TO line:85% position:36% size:73% NOT ONLY CHANGE THE NAME, BUT line:85% position:36% size:73% CHANGE SOME OF THE STANDARDS, line:85% position:25% size:60% AND YET THAT IS SO HARD.

line:85% position:44% size:78% IT'S HARD TO REWRITE A STANDARD line:85% position:40% size:75% AROUND FRACTIONS OR A STANDARD line:85% position:36% size:73% AROUND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD.

line:85% position:36% size:73% I THINK WE OFTEN SWEEP THINGS line:85% position:36% size:73% THROUGH IN A WAY THAT DOESN'T line:85% position:31% size:68% ALLOW FOR, AS I WAS TALKING line:85% position:31% size:68% EARLIER, THAT DEEPER SET OF line:85% position:15% size:35% CONVERSATIONS.

line:85% position:50% size:80% YOU KNOW, THANKFULLY MOST OF THE line:85% position:44% size:78% STATES ACROSS THE COUNTRY WHILE line:85% position:50% size:80% THEY MIGHT NOT STILL EMBRACE THE line:85% position:44% size:78% SAME SET OF STANDARDS, THEY ARE line:85% position:33% size:70% VERY CLOSE BECAUSE THEY KNOW line:85% position:33% size:70% THAT GOOD STANDARDS ARE GOOD line:85% position:36% size:73% STANDARDS ARE GOOD STANDARDS.

line:85% position:40% size:75% SO, THAT'S AN EXAMPLE OF WHERE line:85% position:44% size:78% WE TAKE SOMETHING SOMETIMES AND line:85% position:40% size:75% LET IT BECOME SO MISUNDERSTOOD line:85% position:36% size:73% THAT WE LOSE THE LEVERAGE AND line:85% position:44% size:78% THE POWER THAT WAS RIGHT IN OUR line:85% position:12% size:15% GRASP.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THAT'S KIND OF A SAD PLACE FOR line:85% position:36% size:73% EDUCATION AS A COUNTRY TO BE.

line:85% position:33% size:70% >> Matthew Barzun: YOU'RE AN line:85% position:50% size:80% OPTIMIST SO I HAVE TO SAY, OKAY, line:85% position:36% size:73% SO GIVEN ALL OF THAT AND THIS line:85% position:36% size:73% REALITY, AND YOUR POINT, IT'S line:85% position:50% size:80% NOT JUST KENTUCKY GRAPPLING WITH line:85% position:11% size:13% THIS.

line:85% position:20% size:50% THIS IS COUNTRYWIDE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% AS SPECIFIC AS YOU CAN, BECAUSE line:85% position:33% size:70% WE'VE GOT SUCH A GREAT GROUP line:85% position:31% size:68% HERE THAT REALLY KNOWS THIS line:85% position:50% size:80% STUFF PROBABLY BETTER THAN I DO, line:85% position:44% size:78% SPECIFIC HOPES FOR KENTUCKY AND line:85% position:40% size:75% ITS EDUCATION IF ITS CHILDREN.

line:85% position:50% size:80% >> Vicki Phillips: WELL, I THINK line:85% position:50% size:80% IN MANY WAYS I'VE EXPRESSED THAT line:85% position:36% size:73% HOPE BOTH IN THE COMMENTS AND line:85% position:50% size:80% THROUGHOUT THE EVENING BECAUSE I line:85% position:25% size:60% THINK THAT KENTUCKY HAS- line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Matthew Barzun: SO, IN TERMS line:85% position:14% size:30% OF NOT LUCK.

line:85% position:40% size:75% LUCK IS NOT AN INTERVENTION BY line:85% position:12% size:18% DESIGN.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THEN I THINK THAT'S POWERFUL.

line:85% position:31% size:68% I GUESS I'M PUSHING WITHOUT line:85% position:50% size:80% GETTING YOU INTO THE POLITICS OF line:85% position:21% size:53% IT ALL, BUT REALLY AS line:85% position:50% size:80% NITTY-GRITTY AS YOU FEEL YOU CAN line:85% position:44% size:78% GET ON NOT THE POLITICAL STUFF.

line:85% position:25% size:60% SO, YOU ALWAYS BRING OUR line:85% position:44% size:78% ATTENTION, WHICH I LOVE BECAUSE line:85% position:40% size:75% I'VE WATCHED ALL YOUR SPEECHES line:85% position:44% size:78% AND IT'S SO FUN, YOU ALWAYS TRY line:85% position:40% size:75% TO BRING OUR ATTENTION BACK TO line:85% position:15% size:35% THE CLASSROOM.

line:85% position:25% size:60% SO, THEN BRING US INTO A line:85% position:33% size:70% CLASSROOM AND YOUR HOPES FOR line:85% position:24% size:58% CLASSROOMS IN KENTUCKY.

line:85% position:29% size:65% >> Vicki Phillips: WELL, A line:85% position:33% size:70% MOMENT AGO I SAID THERE WERE line:85% position:44% size:78% SORT OF TWO THINGS THAT I WATCH line:85% position:24% size:58% HAPPEN IN OTHER PLACES.

line:85% position:33% size:70% I TALKED ABOUT ONE, WHICH IS line:85% position:17% size:43% THIS WEDGE ISSUE.

line:85% position:22% size:55% BUT THE OTHER ISSUE IS line:85% position:14% size:28% WHEN WE ... line:85% position:31% size:68% THEN I WILL DRILL DOWN MORE line:85% position:15% size:33% SPECIFICALLY.

line:85% position:29% size:65% IS WHEN WE FORGET THE MOST line:85% position:44% size:78% SIGNIFICANT FACTORS THAT MAKE A line:85% position:24% size:58% DIFFERENCE IN A CHILD'S line:85% position:36% size:73% EDUCATION AND FAIL TO SUPPORT line:85% position:44% size:78% THOSE BECAUSE WE GET DISTRACTED line:85% position:31% size:68% BY OTHER THINGS THAT EXIST.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THIS ISSUE AROUND TEACHERS IS AN line:85% position:15% size:33% ENORMOUS ONE.

line:85% position:25% size:60% WHILE I WAS AT THE GATES line:85% position:33% size:70% FOUNDATION ONE OF THE THINGS line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT I WORKED HARD TO DO WITH MY line:85% position:44% size:78% TEAM WAS TO BEGIN TO TACKLE THE line:85% position:33% size:70% SUPPORT AND UNDERSTANDING OF line:85% position:44% size:78% TEACHERS AGAIN WHERE ACROSS THE line:85% position:40% size:75% COUNTRY, TEACHERS WERE FEELING line:85% position:50% size:80% BLAMED AND SHAMED AND RAIDED AND line:85% position:36% size:73% RANKED AND DIDN'T REALLY KNOW line:85% position:27% size:63% WHERE THEY STOOD ANYMORE.

line:85% position:36% size:73% DIDN'T KNOW WHETHER THEY WERE line:85% position:50% size:80% THE RESPECTED PROFESSION THAT WE line:85% position:17% size:43% ALL GREW UP WITH.

line:85% position:36% size:73% >> Vicki Phillips: I MEAN, MY line:85% position:24% size:58% FAMILY TRUSTED TEACHERS line:85% position:40% size:75% EXPLICITLY, AND AT A TIME WHEN line:85% position:29% size:65% YES, THERE ARE BIG ISSUES.

line:85% position:40% size:75% I KNOW THERE ARE BIG ISSUES IN line:85% position:36% size:73% THE STATE AROUND PENSIONS AND line:85% position:36% size:73% OTHER KINDS OF ISSUES, BUT IF line:85% position:44% size:78% YOU SET THAT ASIDE FOR A MOMENT line:85% position:24% size:58% IT'S A VERY REAL ISSUE.

line:85% position:25% size:60% TEACHERS ARE WORRIED AND line:85% position:50% size:80% RIGHTFULLY SO IN MANY INSTANCES.

line:85% position:36% size:73% >> Vicki Phillips: BUT IF YOU line:85% position:44% size:78% SIT THAT ASIDE FOR A MOMENT AND line:85% position:36% size:73% THINK ABOUT LEARNING AND WHAT line:85% position:44% size:78% HAPPENS IN CLASSROOMS, THERE IS line:85% position:29% size:65% THIS MAGIC THAT HAPPENS IN line:85% position:31% size:68% CLASSROOMS BETWEEN KIDS AND line:85% position:22% size:55% TEACHERS THAT IS QUITE line:85% position:14% size:28% REMARKABLE.

line:85% position:50% size:80% WHAT WE HAVE TO DO AS ALL OF THE line:85% position:33% size:70% OTHERS THAT SURROUND THAT IS line:85% position:40% size:75% FUEL THAT MAGIC, AND MAKE SURE line:85% position:44% size:78% THAT TEACHERS HAVE THE SUPPORTS line:85% position:44% size:78% AND THE TOOLS THAT THEY NEED TO line:85% position:24% size:58% BE SUCCESSFUL, THE KIDS line:85% position:44% size:78% UNDERSTAND WHAT WE'RE EXPECTING line:85% position:36% size:73% OF THEM, THAT THEY SEE OTHERS line:85% position:24% size:58% LIKE THEM WHO ARE BEING line:85% position:29% size:65% SUCCESSFUL, THAT THEY HAVE line:85% position:50% size:80% OPPORTUNITIES TO GET THEIR HANDS line:85% position:50% size:80% AROUND PROJECTS AND OTHER THINGS line:85% position:36% size:73% THAT HELP THEM DEVELOP ALL OF line:85% position:33% size:70% THOSE CONTEMPORARY SKILLS AS line:85% position:36% size:73% WELL AS THE CONTENT THAT THEY line:85% position:15% size:35% NEED TO LEARN.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THERE'S THAT, YOU KNOW, WE NEED line:85% position:31% size:68% TO FUEL WHAT HAPPENS IN THE line:85% position:13% size:25% CLASSROOM.

line:85% position:27% size:63% WE NEED TO FUEL STUDENTS' line:85% position:29% size:65% INTERESTS AND PASSIONS AND line:85% position:40% size:75% ENGAGEMENT AND SPARK THEM BACK line:85% position:44% size:78% THEM INTO THIS LIFELONG LOVE OF line:85% position:50% size:80% LEARNING THAT IN SO MANY WAYS WE line:85% position:18% size:45% HAVE LET GET LOST.

line:85% position:36% size:73% AS ADULTS, WE SOMETIMES DON'T line:85% position:31% size:68% STOP FOR A MOMENT AND THINK line:85% position:31% size:68% ABOUT, WHILE ALL OF THIS IS line:85% position:40% size:75% GOING ON UP HERE, THE SURROUND line:85% position:50% size:80% SOUND THAT WE ARE ALL INTERESTED line:85% position:31% size:68% IN, PUZZLED BY, OFTEN ANGRY line:85% position:12% size:15% ABOUT.

line:85% position:29% size:65% DAY TO DAY, THEY ARE THESE line:85% position:40% size:75% AMAZING OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY line:85% position:50% size:80% CLASSROOM IN KENTUCKY AND ACROSS line:85% position:27% size:63% AMERICA FOR THAT MAGIC TO line:85% position:12% size:18% HAPPEN.

line:85% position:40% size:75% WE NEED TO MAKE SURE THAT EVEN line:85% position:36% size:73% WHILE WE FIGHT AND FUSS ABOUT line:85% position:50% size:80% THESE THINGS, AND I KEEP RAISING line:85% position:33% size:70% MY HAND AND PUTTING IT ABOVE line:85% position:31% size:68% HERE, THAT WE ACTUALLY FUEL line:85% position:44% size:78% THESE THINGS DOWN HERE AND GIVE line:85% position:16% size:38% IT POWER AGAIN.

line:85% position:14% size:30% [ APPLAUSE ] line:85% position:22% size:55% IT'S A DIFFERENT TIME.

line:85% position:29% size:65% IT IS A DIFFERENT CONTEXT.

line:85% position:36% size:73% I TOTALLY RECOGNIZE THAT, BUT line:85% position:33% size:70% KENTUCKY PROVED IN THE 1990S line:85% position:50% size:80% WITH KERA AND WITH WHAT HAPPENED line:85% position:33% size:70% AFTERWARDS AND WHAT HAPPENED line:85% position:31% size:68% BEFORE THAT IT CAN MOBILIZE line:85% position:22% size:55% CITIZENS AND TEACHERS.

line:85% position:31% size:68% I WOULD SAY THAT NOW YOU'VE line:85% position:44% size:78% PROVEN, IF YOU LOOK AT WHAT THE line:85% position:50% size:80% PRICHARD COMMITTEE HAS DONE WITH line:85% position:29% size:65% STUDENT VOICE, YOU'VE ALSO line:85% position:44% size:78% PROVEN YOU CAN MOBILIZE STUDENT line:85% position:12% size:15% VOICE.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THE TIME TO DO THAT, AGAIN, IS line:85% position:50% size:80% NOW, TO MOBILIZE EVERY FAUCET OF line:85% position:44% size:78% KENTUCKY AGAIN TO HELP KENTUCKY line:85% position:33% size:70% UNDERSTAND HOW FAR IT'S COME line:85% position:27% size:63% BECAUSE THERE ACTUALLY IS line:85% position:25% size:60% SOMETHING POWERFUL TO BE line:85% position:40% size:75% CELEBRATED IN GOING FROM WHERE line:85% position:44% size:78% KENTUCKY WAS, TO WHERE KENTUCKY line:85% position:50% size:80% IS NOW, BUT IT'S ALSO NOT A TIME line:85% position:13% size:20% TO REST.

line:85% position:36% size:73% IT IS A TIME TO PUSH THE NEXT line:85% position:13% size:23% DISTANCE.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT ONLY HAPPENS WHEN WE DO NOT line:85% position:24% size:58% FORGET THAT OUR PRIMARY line:85% position:50% size:80% RESPONSIBILITY AROUND SCHOOLS IS line:85% position:44% size:78% TO FOSTER TEACHING AND LEARNING line:85% position:50% size:80% AND TO MAKE SURE THAT KIDS REACH line:85% position:36% size:73% THOSE STANDARDS THAT ARE ALSO line:85% position:50% size:80% IMPORTANT NO MATTER HOW WE MIGHT line:85% position:14% size:30% FRAME THOSE.

line:85% position:50% size:80% >> Matthew Barzun: THANK YOU FOR line:85% position:11% size:13% THAT.

line:85% position:50% size:80% CAN I TRY TO COME AT SORT OF THE line:85% position:15% size:33% FLIP OF THAT.

line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU BEAUTIFULLY SAID HOW THOSE line:85% position:31% size:68% OF US OUTSIDE THE CLASSROOM line:85% position:18% size:45% SURROUNDING IT ... line:85% position:31% size:68% THERE'S A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF line:85% position:50% size:80% FUSSING AND FIGHTING THAT'S JUST line:85% position:25% size:60% BUILT IN BUT LET'S FUEL.

line:85% position:40% size:75% LET'S SAY THIS WAS A DIFFERENT line:85% position:50% size:80% SETTING AND IT WAS ALL TEACHERS.

line:85% position:31% size:68% THERE ARE LOTS OF WONDERFUL line:85% position:33% size:70% TEACHERS HERE, BUT IF IT WAS line:85% position:36% size:73% ONLY TEACHERS AND I KNOW I'VE line:85% position:36% size:73% SEEN YOU GIVE THESE WONDERFUL line:85% position:11% size:8% ... line:85% position:44% size:78% THE TEACHER'S DAY THAT NATIONAL line:85% position:36% size:73% GEOGRAPHIC DOES, OTHER THINGS line:85% position:36% size:73% LIKE THAT, BUT IF YOU'RE JUST line:85% position:36% size:73% TALKING TO PEOPLE WHO LIVE IN line:85% position:40% size:75% THE CLASSROOM EVERY SINGLE DAY line:85% position:29% size:65% WHERE THE TEACHING AND THE line:85% position:44% size:78% LEARNING AND THE MAGIC HAPPENS, line:85% position:31% size:68% WHAT ARE ONE OR TWO SORT OF line:85% position:36% size:73% THINGS THAT YOU FIND YOURSELF line:85% position:36% size:73% SAYING TO COLLEAGUES OF LIKE, line:85% position:40% size:75% "HEY, IF WE GET REAL WITH EACH line:85% position:50% size:80% OTHER," WHAT ARE I GUESS, HOW DO line:85% position:50% size:80% YOU PUSH YOUR FELLOW TEACHERS TO line:85% position:50% size:80% SAY, "HEY, AND ON OUR SIDE OF IT line:85% position:36% size:73% WE NEED TO MAKE SURE WE DON'T line:85% position:29% size:65% FALL IN THE TRAP OF ALWAYS line:85% position:40% size:75% SAYING THIS AND THIS, OR DOING line:85% position:31% size:68% THIS AND THAT," SORT OF THE line:85% position:13% size:25% OTHER WAY.

line:85% position:50% size:80% >> Vicki Phillips: THERE ARE FEW line:85% position:27% size:63% TEACHERS IN THIS AUDIENCE line:85% position:36% size:73% TONIGHT WHO'VE BEEN PUSHED BY line:85% position:29% size:65% ME, I THINK, SO THEY WOULD line:85% position:16% size:38% ATTEST TO THIS.

line:85% position:40% size:75% SO, ONE THING I DO SAY TO THEM line:85% position:33% size:70% IS THAT THEY HAVE TO ALSO BE line:85% position:50% size:80% WILLING TO EMBRACE NEW PRACTICES line:85% position:44% size:78% AND CHANGE TEACHING PRACTICE IN line:85% position:31% size:68% THE CLASSROOM WHEN IT'S NOT line:85% position:13% size:20% WORKING.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THEY HAVE TO BE WILLING TO LEARN line:85% position:40% size:75% FROM EACH OTHER AND BE IN THAT line:85% position:31% size:68% MODE OF ALWAYS CONTINUOUSLY line:85% position:50% size:80% IMPROVING THEMSELVES AND HELPING line:85% position:36% size:73% THEIR FELLOW TEACHERS IMPROVE line:85% position:31% size:68% AND NOT ACCEPTING LESS THAN line:85% position:27% size:63% EFFECTIVE TEACHING IN THE line:85% position:33% size:70% SCHOOLS AND THE DISTRICTS IN line:85% position:44% size:78% WHICH THEY LIVE IN AND WORK IN.

line:85% position:21% size:53% THAT THEY ALSO HAVE A line:85% position:40% size:75% RESPONSIBILITY FOR MAKING SURE line:85% position:33% size:70% THAT THE WHOLE PROFESSION IS line:85% position:31% size:68% LIFTED UP SO THAT EVERY KID line:85% position:40% size:75% EXPERIENCES THAT GREAT TEACHER line:85% position:36% size:73% IN EVERY CLASSROOM EVERY DAY.

line:85% position:31% size:68% I SAY TO THEM, THEY NEED TO line:85% position:19% size:48% EMBRACE THINGS LIKE line:85% position:19% size:48% ACCOUNTABILITY, BUT line:85% position:36% size:73% ACCOUNTABILITY IN A DIFFERENT line:85% position:44% size:78% FORM THAN IT GETTING REDUCED TO line:85% position:27% size:63% A ONE INDICATOR, ONE SHOT line:85% position:14% size:30% OPPORTUNITY.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT THEY HAVE TO BE PART OF THE line:85% position:22% size:55% SOLUTION AT THE TABLE.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT THEY NEED TO BE PART OF THE line:85% position:40% size:75% CONVERSATION HELPING ALL OF US line:85% position:33% size:70% CREATE MEANINGFUL CHANGE AND line:85% position:40% size:75% HELPING PEOPLE BOTH UNDERSTAND line:85% position:36% size:73% WHAT THEY'RE EXPERIENCING BUT line:85% position:29% size:65% ALSO PUTTING THEMSELVES IN line:85% position:22% size:55% OTHER'S SHOES AS WELL.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THAT THEY MUST NEVER, EVER, EVER line:85% position:40% size:75% TAKE THEIR EYES OFF THE PRIZE, line:85% position:29% size:65% WHICH IS STUDENT LEARNING.

line:85% position:21% size:53% I SAY A LOT MORE TOO.

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Matthew Barzun: WELL, I WANT line:85% position:15% size:35% TO KEEP GOING.

line:85% position:15% size:33% THIS IS GOOD.

line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU WERE SAYING THE IMPORTANCE line:85% position:29% size:65% OF HELPING EACH OTHER OUT.

line:85% position:44% size:78% I'M CURIOUS IF YOU COME TO THAT line:85% position:40% size:75% MYTHICAL ROOM OF ONLY TEACHERS line:85% position:31% size:68% AND YOU, YOU BRING NOT ONLY line:85% position:44% size:78% EXPERIENCE IN THE CLASSROOM BUT line:85% position:36% size:73% EXPERIENCE WORKING AT A MAJOR line:85% position:50% size:80% FOUNDATION, IN STATE GOVERNMENT.

line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU BRING THESE OTHER CULTURES line:85% position:27% size:63% OF WHERE YOU'VE MET OTHER line:85% position:50% size:80% PROFESSIONALS COOPERATING OR NOT line:85% position:17% size:40% WITH EACH OTHER.

line:85% position:40% size:75% DO YOU THINK TEACHERS ARE SAME line:85% position:11% size:8% ... line:85% position:50% size:80% IT'S JUST SORT OF PEOPLE TEND TO line:85% position:36% size:73% COOPERATE OR NOT DEPENDING ON line:85% position:31% size:68% WHO THEY ARE, OR DO YOU SEE line:85% position:50% size:80% TEACHERS AS UNUSUALLY GOOD AT OR line:85% position:50% size:80% CHALLENGED BY HELPING EACH OTHER line:85% position:27% size:63% OUT RELATIVE TO THE OTHER line:85% position:27% size:63% PROFESSIONS YOU'VE WORKED line:85% position:29% size:65% SHOULDER TO SHOULDER WITH?

line:85% position:33% size:70% >> Vicki Phillips: WELL, THE line:85% position:50% size:80% EXPERTS THAT TEACHERS TRUST MOST line:85% position:24% size:58% ARE OTHER TEACHERS, AND line:85% position:40% size:75% RIGHTFULLY SO, BECAUSE THEY'RE line:85% position:27% size:63% THE ONES IN THE CLASSROOM line:85% position:13% size:23% EVERYDAY.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THEY'RE THE ONES WHO KNOW WHAT line:85% position:27% size:63% THEY ARE EXPERIENCING AND line:85% position:15% size:33% DEALING WITH.

line:85% position:33% size:70% SO, FIGURING OUT HOW TO HELP line:85% position:44% size:78% TEACHERS REALLY COLLABORATE AND line:85% position:33% size:70% HELP EACH OTHER IMPROVE IS I line:85% position:44% size:78% THINK ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT line:85% position:22% size:55% THINGS THAT WE CAN DO.

line:85% position:44% size:78% I THINK ABOUT OTHER PROFESSIONS line:85% position:36% size:73% AND THE KIND OF COLLABORATION line:85% position:21% size:53% THAT THEY EXPERIENCE.

line:85% position:25% size:60% THE KIND OF PROFESSIONAL line:85% position:40% size:75% LEARNING THAT THEY EXPERIENCE, line:85% position:44% size:78% AND I THINK ABOUT WHAT TEACHERS line:85% position:24% size:58% AREN'T AFFORDED IN THAT line:85% position:17% size:40% EQUATION, RIGHT.

line:85% position:50% size:80% TEACHERS ARE OFTEN NOT GIVEN THE line:85% position:29% size:65% TIME TO LEARN TOGETHER, TO line:85% position:21% size:53% COLLABORATE TOGETHER.

line:85% position:24% size:58% THEY OFTEN AREN'T GIVEN line:85% position:44% size:78% PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT THAT'S line:85% position:50% size:80% REALLY AUTHENTICALLY MEETS THEIR line:85% position:33% size:70% NEEDS IN THE CLASSROOM WHERE line:85% position:13% size:23% THEY ARE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THEY'RE NOT AFRAID TO LEARN AND line:85% position:50% size:80% ENGAGE AND CONTINUOUSLY IMPROVE, line:85% position:22% size:55% BUT THEY WANT IT TO BE line:85% position:27% size:63% MEANINGFUL FOR THEM ON AN line:85% position:15% size:35% ONGOING BASIS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THEY WANT TO KNOW THAT THEY CAN line:85% position:40% size:75% TAKE SOMETHING BACK AND USE IT line:85% position:50% size:80% IN THEIR CLASSROOM THE NEXT DAY.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THEY WANT TO KNOW THAT THEY CAN line:85% position:21% size:53% TALK TO A TEACHER WHO line:85% position:40% size:75% UNDERSTANDS THEIR SUBJECT, HAS line:85% position:29% size:65% BEEN IN THEIR CONTEXT, AND line:85% position:31% size:68% KNOWS HOW KIDS MIGHT REACT.

line:85% position:44% size:78% SO, THEY'RE LOOKING FOR MANY OF line:85% position:36% size:73% THE SAME THINGS WE ALL ARE OR line:85% position:31% size:68% OTHER PEOPLE ARE IN OUR OWN line:85% position:40% size:75% PROFESSIONS, BUT AFFORDED MUCH line:85% position:27% size:63% LESS OF THAT IN MANY WAYS line:85% position:33% size:70% BECAUSE OF THE CIRCUMSTANCES line:85% position:33% size:70% THAT THEY FIND THEMSELVES IN line:85% position:40% size:75% WHERE THEY HAVE ALMOST NO TIME line:85% position:44% size:78% TO BREATHE DURING A SCHOOL DAY, line:85% position:25% size:60% RIGHT, OR TO GRAB LUNCH, line:85% position:33% size:70% OR LET ALONE TO GET A COUPLE line:85% position:50% size:80% HOURS TO REALLY COLLABORATE WITH line:85% position:14% size:30% A COLLEAGUE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% YET, THAT COLLABORATION WHEN IT line:85% position:44% size:78% HAPPENS, THEY SAY IS ONE OF THE line:85% position:44% size:78% MOST HIGHEST VALUED THINGS THAT line:85% position:33% size:70% THEY CAN DO AND HAS A DIRECT line:85% position:44% size:78% IMPACT ON THEIR STUDENTS IN THE line:85% position:13% size:25% CLASSROOM.

line:85% position:33% size:70% >> Matthew Barzun: YOU HAD A line:85% position:29% size:65% WONDERFUL SLIDE UP EARLIER line:85% position:13% size:20% WITH ... line:85% position:36% size:73% THERE'S THE MAP OF THE US AND line:85% position:31% size:68% YOU HAD HEARTS PLACES YOU'D line:85% position:12% size:15% LIVED.

line:85% position:36% size:73% I THINK YOU HAD A HEART EVERY line:85% position:44% size:78% PLACE YOU'D BEEN UNLESS THERE'S line:85% position:25% size:60% SOME THAT WEREN'T IN THE line:85% position:15% size:33% OFFICIAL BIO.

line:85% position:36% size:73% WOULD YOU PUT A HEART NEXT TO line:85% position:36% size:73% WOULD YOU PUT A HEART NEXT TO line:85% position:33% size:70% THE WORD "TECHNOLOGY" IN THE line:85% position:36% size:73% CLASSROOM OR WOULD IT BE MORE line:85% position:40% size:75% NUANCED AND YOU SAY WHERE HAVE line:85% position:50% size:80% YOU SEEN TECH THAT'S REALLY BEEN line:85% position:21% size:53% HELPFUL FOR TEACHERS?

line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU AS A TEACHER AND WHERE HAS line:85% position:12% size:15% IT ... line:85% position:50% size:80% I WILL POINT FINGERS TOWARDS THE line:85% position:36% size:73% WEST COAST, WHICH TENDS TO BE line:85% position:36% size:73% SORT OF INSTINCTIVELY, ALMOST line:85% position:33% size:70% REFLEXIVELY TECH OPTIMISTIC.

line:85% position:25% size:60% HAVE YOU SEEN WHERE TECH line:85% position:33% size:70% OPTIMISTS AND ENTHUSIASTS GO line:85% position:50% size:80% OVERBOARD, AND IT'S DONE HARM TO line:85% position:33% size:70% TEACHING AND LEARNING IN THE line:85% position:13% size:25% CLASSROOM?

line:85% position:50% size:80% >> Vicki Phillips: I AM A FAN OF line:85% position:44% size:78% TECHNOLOGY JUST BECAUSE I THINK line:85% position:40% size:75% IT OPENS UP SO MANY ADDITIONAL line:85% position:40% size:75% OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUNG PEOPLE line:85% position:50% size:80% AND FOR TEACHERS, BUT TECHNOLOGY line:85% position:50% size:80% AS A ENABLER, NOT NECESSARILY AS line:85% position:13% size:23% A DRIVER.

line:85% position:36% size:73% THERE'S STILL LIMITED DIGITAL line:85% position:36% size:73% TOOLS OUT THERE THAT TEACHERS line:85% position:44% size:78% BELIEVE MEET THEIR NEEDS IN THE line:85% position:13% size:25% CLASSROOM.

line:85% position:44% size:78% IT'S ONE OF THE THINGS I SAY TO line:85% position:50% size:80% TECH ENTREPRENEURS OFTEN IS THAT line:85% position:40% size:75% THEY SHOULD LISTEN TO TEACHERS line:85% position:40% size:75% AND GET FEEDBACK FROM TEACHERS line:85% position:36% size:73% TO CREATE THE KINDS OF TOOLS.

line:85% position:50% size:80% THOSE ARE STARTING TO EMERGE AND line:85% position:50% size:80% BECOME MORE PREVALENT, BUT WE'RE line:85% position:33% size:70% NOT FULLY AT THAT STATE YET.

line:85% position:50% size:80% SO, I THINK TECHNOLOGY IS A HUGE line:85% position:44% size:78% ENABLER AND SHOULD BE AMONG THE line:85% position:50% size:80% TOOLS AT TEACHERS' AND STUDENTS' line:85% position:14% size:28% FINGERTIPS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% YOU KNOW, THERE'S A GREAT QUOTE line:85% position:33% size:70% BY MY FORMER BOSS BILL GATES line:85% position:44% size:78% THAT I WON'T GET EXACTLY RIGHT, line:85% position:40% size:75% BUT IT HAS ALWAYS STRUCK ME AS line:85% position:15% size:35% VERY POWERFUL.

line:85% position:36% size:73% HE SAID, "DOCTORS AREN'T LEFT line:85% position:27% size:63% ALONE IN THEIR OFFICES TO line:85% position:50% size:80% RESEARCH, TO TEST NEW MEDICINES, line:85% position:40% size:75% TO DESIGN NEW EQUIPMENT, TO DO line:85% position:15% size:33% OTHER THINGS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% THEY HAVE A BIG INDUSTRY AROUND line:85% position:36% size:73% THEM THAT DOES THAT FOR THEM.

line:85% position:33% size:70% THEN THEY PICK THE TOOLS AND line:85% position:50% size:80% THINGS THAT REALLY WORK IN THEIR line:85% position:22% size:55% CONTEXT AND WITH THEIR line:85% position:14% size:28% SPECIALTY."

line:85% position:40% size:75% BILL SAYS THAT TEACHERS SHOULD line:85% position:44% size:78% HAVE THAT SAME KIND OF INDUSTRY line:85% position:14% size:30% AROUND THEM.

line:85% position:27% size:63% THAT SAME KIND OF SUPPORT line:85% position:12% size:18% SYSTEM.

line:85% position:33% size:70% SO, THAT MEANS DIGITAL TOOLS line:85% position:25% size:60% THAT THEY CAN USE IN THE line:85% position:44% size:78% CLASSROOM AND TO HAVE KIDS GAIN line:85% position:18% size:45% ADDITIONAL SKILLS.

line:85% position:31% size:68% THAT MEANS GREAT CURRICULUM line:85% position:40% size:75% OPPORTUNITIES AND CHOICE AMONG line:85% position:12% size:15% THOSE.

line:85% position:31% size:68% THAT MEANS HAVING ACCESS TO line:85% position:44% size:78% THEIR COLLEAGUES AND BEING ABLE line:85% position:16% size:38% TO COLLABORATE.

line:85% position:36% size:73% ALL OF THOSE THINGS SHOULD BE line:85% position:40% size:75% AVAILABLE TO SUCH A RESPECTED, line:85% position:24% size:58% OR SHOULD BE RESPECTED, line:85% position:33% size:70% PROFESSION THAT DOES SUCH AN line:85% position:33% size:70% IMPORTANT JOB IN THIS WORLD.

line:85% position:40% size:75% I THINK ABOUT THAT OFTEN ABOUT line:85% position:36% size:73% WHAT WOULD IT LOOK LIKE IF WE line:85% position:33% size:70% CREATED THAT KIND OF SUPPORT line:85% position:44% size:78% SYSTEM FOR TEACHERS NOT JUST IN line:85% position:50% size:80% KENTUCKY BUT ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

line:85% position:40% size:75% >> Matthew Barzun: DID YOU SEE line:85% position:31% size:68% ON THE WEST COAST A BIG ... line:85% position:50% size:80% WAS IT MEANINGFULLY DIFFERENT IN line:85% position:50% size:80% THE CLASSROOM BECAUSE OF ALL THE line:85% position:40% size:75% TECH THAT HAPPENS OUT THERE OR line:85% position:33% size:70% IT'S PRETTY MUCH UBIQUITOUS?

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Vicki Phillips: YOU KNOW, IT line:85% position:12% size:18% VARIES.

line:85% position:40% size:75% YOU SEE SCHOOLS THAT HAVE GONE line:85% position:33% size:70% TO ONE ON ONE TECHNOLOGY FOR line:85% position:40% size:75% STUDENTS WHERE CURRICULUM IS A line:85% position:44% size:78% VERY MUCH TECH ENABLED THAT ARE line:85% position:33% size:70% HIGH FLYING AND DOING GREAT.

line:85% position:31% size:68% YOU SEE OTHERS WHERE NOT SO line:85% position:11% size:13% MUCH.

line:85% position:50% size:80% OFTEN THE KEY, AGAIN, IS A GREAT line:85% position:15% size:35% TEACHER THERE.

line:85% position:27% size:63% NOW, TECHNOLOGY USED WELL line:85% position:33% size:70% REQUIRES A DIFFERENT ROLE OF line:85% position:22% size:55% TEACHERS THAN USED TO.

line:85% position:50% size:80% WHEN I WAS TEACHING, YOU WERE IN line:85% position:24% size:58% FRONT OF THE CLASSROOM.

line:85% position:33% size:70% YOU WERE DIFFERENTIATING FOR line:85% position:50% size:80% STUDENTS, BUT YOU WERE CERTAINLY line:85% position:13% size:23% OFTEN ... line:85% position:44% size:78% YOU HEAR A FAMILIAR PHRASE, THE line:85% position:18% size:45% SAGE ON THE STAGE.

line:85% position:44% size:78% WHERE IN FACT NOW, TEACHERS ARE line:85% position:50% size:80% MUCH MORE GUIDES AND COACHES AND line:85% position:44% size:78% FACILITATORS WHEN THEY'RE USING line:85% position:44% size:78% DIGITAL TOOLS OR OTHER KINDS OF line:85% position:27% size:63% INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES.

line:85% position:31% size:68% MANY TEACHERS ARE EMBRACING line:85% position:36% size:73% THAT, PARTICULARLY IF THEY'RE line:85% position:33% size:70% DOING PROJECT BASED LEARNING line:85% position:50% size:80% WITH STUDENTS WHERE STUDENTS ARE line:85% position:29% size:65% EXPLORING AND LEARNING AND line:85% position:27% size:63% GROWING THROUGH THEIR OWN line:85% position:31% size:68% RESEARCH AND THEIR OWN PEER line:85% position:13% size:20% CIRCLES.

line:85% position:40% size:75% >> Vicki Phillips: SO, IT IS A line:85% position:50% size:80% CASE OF IN EDUCATION WE CAN MAKE line:85% position:33% size:70% ANYTHING WORK OR NOT WORK IT line:85% position:44% size:78% SEEMS DEPENDING ON SORT OF WHAT line:85% position:18% size:45% OUR OPINION OF THE line:85% position:44% size:78% MEANINGFULNESS OF IT IS WHEN IN line:85% position:29% size:65% FACT THERE ARE A NUMBER OF line:85% position:50% size:80% THINGS DONE WELL, AND TECHNOLOGY line:85% position:31% size:68% IS ONE OF THOSE, THAT COULD line:85% position:50% size:80% ACTUALLY HELP US LEAPFROG AHEAD.

line:85% position:24% size:58% BUT TECHNOLOGY NOT AS A line:85% position:27% size:63% SUBSTITUTE FOR A TEACHER.

line:85% position:40% size:75% TECHNOLOGY NOT AS A SUBSTITUTE line:85% position:29% size:65% FOR THE KIND OF ADDITIONAL line:85% position:31% size:68% LEARNING KIDS NEED TO GAIN.

line:85% position:50% size:80% TECHNOLOGY CAN'T BY ITSELF TEACH line:85% position:36% size:73% KIDS TO BE EMPATHETIC OR HAVE line:85% position:33% size:70% THAT SENSE OF COMMUNITY OR A line:85% position:50% size:80% DOZEN OTHER THINGS THAT WE MIGHT line:85% position:14% size:28% TALK ABOUT.

line:85% position:40% size:75% SO, TECHNOLOGY AS THE ENABLER, line:85% position:20% size:50% NOT THE SOLE DRIVER.

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Matthew Barzun: A QUOTE THAT line:85% position:50% size:80% TECHNOLOGY CAN'T BY ITSELF TEACH line:85% position:36% size:73% KIDS TO BE EMPATHETIC OR HAVE line:85% position:33% size:70% THAT SENSE OF COMMUNITY OR A line:85% position:50% size:80% DOZEN OTHER THINGS THAT WE MIGHT line:85% position:14% size:28% TALK ABOUT.

line:85% position:40% size:75% SO, TECHNOLOGY AS THE ENABLER, line:85% position:20% size:50% NOT THE SOLE DRIVER.

line:85% position:44% size:78% >> Matthew Barzun: A QUOTE THAT line:85% position:20% size:50% WE EMAILED ABOUT ... line:85% position:44% size:78% MY GRANDFATHER BARZUN WHO WROTE line:85% position:31% size:68% A LOT ABOUT EDUCATION WROTE line:85% position:33% size:70% BEFORE THE END OF HIS LIFE A line:85% position:50% size:80% LITTLE PAMPHLET CALLED WHAT IS A line:85% position:12% size:18% SCHOOL?

line:85% position:36% size:73% IT STARTS AND IT SAID, "THERE line:85% position:33% size:70% ARE FEWER BORN TEACHERS THAN line:85% position:21% size:53% THERE ARE BORN POETS.

line:85% position:44% size:78% IF YOU DON'T BELIEVE ME STOP IN line:85% position:40% size:75% A STRANGE CITY AND ASK SOMEONE line:85% position:17% size:40% FOR DIRECTIONS."

line:85% position:33% size:70% >> Matthew Barzun: I KNOW WE line:85% position:31% size:68% HAVE A VERY SHORT AMOUNT OF line:85% position:11% size:13% TIME.

line:85% position:27% size:63% QUICK THOUGHTS ON TEACHER line:85% position:33% size:70% TRAINING, TEACHER EDUCATION?

line:85% position:25% size:60% YOU TOUCHED A BIT ON THE line:85% position:44% size:78% TRAINING AND ONGOING CONTINUOUS line:85% position:29% size:65% DEVELOPMENT, BUT HOW ABOUT line:85% position:33% size:70% EARLIER THOUGHTS ON MORE OF, line:85% position:13% size:20% LESS OF?

line:85% position:40% size:75% >> Vicki Phillips: PRE-SERVICE line:85% position:36% size:73% NEEDS TO DO THE SAME THING AS line:85% position:36% size:73% I'M SAYING FOR EVERYONE ELSE.

line:85% position:24% size:58% IT NEEDS TO STRETCH ITS line:85% position:36% size:73% IMAGINATION AND CHANGE HOW IT line:85% position:36% size:73% TRAINS AND SUPPORTS TEACHERS.

line:85% position:40% size:75% THE PEOPLE TO ASK ABOUT HOW TO line:85% position:33% size:70% DO THAT AGAIN, ARE TEACHERS, line:85% position:12% size:15% RIGHT.

line:85% position:40% size:75% ASK THEM WHAT KIND OF TRAINING line:85% position:44% size:78% WOULD HAVE SERVED THEM WELL AND line:85% position:21% size:53% BEST HAD THEY HAD THE line:85% position:14% size:30% OPPORTUNITY.

line:85% position:33% size:70% >> Matthew Barzun: NOT TO BE line:85% position:27% size:63% MORBID, BUT I LOVE ASKING line:85% position:33% size:70% QUESTIONS ABOUT GRAVESTONES.

line:85% position:25% size:60% I LIVE NEXT TO CAVE HILL line:85% position:33% size:70% CEMETERY SO MAYBE THAT'S IT.

line:85% position:33% size:70% IF YOU HAD TO PICK, IT'S NOT line:85% position:50% size:80% OPEN-ENDED, BUT ONE OF TWO WORDS line:85% position:40% size:75% ON YOUR GRAVESTONE TO DESCRIBE line:85% position:44% size:78% YOU AND THE LIFE YOU'VE LEAD 60 line:85% position:29% size:65% YEARS FROM NOW: JUSTICE OR line:85% position:24% size:58% MERCY, TO DESCRIBE YOU.

line:85% position:29% size:65% >> Vicki Phillips: EQUITY.

line:85% position:14% size:30% [ APPLAUSE ] line:85% position:11% size:5% ♪ line:85% position:11% size:5% ♪