This program is brought to you in part by the Erika Lewis Endowment Fund.

Coming up next on Varsity Quiz, it's Liberty... (cheers and applause) Taking on Palo Verde.

This is Varsity Quiz!

(crashing sound) ♪♪♪ (cheers and applause) (Nate Tannenbaum) Hello, and welcome to the 53rd season of Varsity Quiz.

We've got the best and the brightest high school students matching wits in this unique academic competition.

The road to the Silver League championship continues with Liberty facing Palo Verde.

Now, Liberty finished second in their division.

Their starters, let's meet them.

There's Kayleb.

Hey, Kayleb.

Koreen, hi.

Mikayla, howdy.

And there's Jo.

Ladies and gentlemen, the team from Liberty!

(applause) Now for Palo Verde, they finished in a three-way tie in their division.

Starters for Palo, we've got Aaron.

Hey, Aaron.

Owen, Ethan and Yixi.

Ladies and gentlemen, Palo Verde!

The coach for Liberty, David Fisher, and for Palo Verde, Frank Franco.

Students, are you ready?

Let's play Varsity Quiz.

The National Weather Service defines a blizzard with two metrics and the requirement that they last for at least three hours.

First, visibility must be less than one quarter of a mile.

What's the second requirement?

Liberty, Jo: A foot of snow.

No.

Palo, Owen: Half a foot of snow.

No.

It's strong wind greater than 35 miles an hour.

No points, next question.

According to Bernoulli's principle, what decreases as the speed of a moving fluid increases?

Liberty, Jo: Bouyancy.

Incorrect.

Palo, Owen: Volume.

No.

We were looking for pressure.

No points, we move on.

Ecologically speaking, what's the name for any plant that is the first to colonize an ecosystem that's been damaged?

Palo, Owen: Keystone species.

No.

Liberty, Jo: Parent species.

No.

It's a pioneer plant or species.

Next question.

What fortune-telling toy uses an icosahedron floating-- Palo, Ethan: Eight-ball.

I think we can take that.

No?

Okay, we can't take that.

Liberty, Mikayla: Magic 8-Ball.

There you go.

Points on the board for Liberty.

Next question is a calculation question.

Find the average acceleration of a subway train that slows down from 12 meters per second to 9.6 meters per second in 8/10 of a second.

Liberty, Jo: 3 meters per second squared.

Incorrect.

Palo, Ethan: 0.3 meters per second squared.

No.

It is -3 meters per second squared.

Next question.

What term describes a financial instrument that pays a person a fixed amount of money for a specific period of time, usually the rest of his or her life?

Liberty, Mikayla: Pension.

No.

Palo, Aaron: 401(k).

No.

That's called an annuity.

No points, next question.

This line from Moby Dick is about what glow: "All the yardarms were tipped with pallid fire "and touched at each tri-pointed "lightning rod end "with three tapering white flames, "and each of the three tall masts "was silently burning in that sulfureous air "like three gigantic wax tapers before an altar."

Liberty, Mikayla: Aurora borealis.

No.

(bell chimes, time expires) We were looking for St. Elmo's Fire.

Next question.

Gustav is the first name of which Austrian composer of "Das Lied von der Erde" that is hidden in this anagram: Vulgar Ham Set.

(bell chimes, time expires) Gustav Mahler.

Next question.

What form of exercise, created by a German to build strength, increase flexibility, create lean muscle tone and emphasizes the body's core through breathing, correct alignment, flowing movement-- Liberty, Jo: Pilates.

Yes.

Next question.

From Greek mythology, who killed the Gorgon Medusa?

Liberty, Mikayla: Perseus.

Yes.

A female horse is a mare.

What term correctly names a female donkey?

Palo, Ethan: Gray.

No.

Liberty, Mikayla: A nag.

No.

It's a jenny.

Next question.

Which U.S. state capital is home to a royal palace?

Liberty, Jo: Honolulu.

Yes.

What grammatical order is illustrated in this line: "Not only is he difficult to understand, "but he is also funny."

Liberty, Jo: Compound sentence.

Incorrect.

(bell chimes, time expires) That is inverted order.

Next question.

Second only to Indonesia, the world's second-largest Muslim population resides in which South Asian nation?

Liberty, Jo: Bangladesh.

Incorrect.

Palo, Owen: Pakistan.

Yes.

Okay, calculation question next, students.

Bruce is 4 years younger than Hector; 20 years ago, Hector's age was 13 years more than half the age of Bruce.

How old are they now?

(bell chimes, time expires) Hector is 42 and Bruce is 38, and I'm confused.

Next question.

What adjective means "situated in the spaces between such structures "as cells or grains of sand"?

(bell chimes, time expires) Oh, it's interstitial.

Next question.

Used for such purposes as disinfecting water, soothing dry skin, disinfecting small cuts, getting-- Palo, Aaron: Chlorine.

Incorrect, and that is a deduction.

--getting rid of canker sores and battling foot fungus.

What's the name for the chemical compound H202?

Liberty, Jo: Hydrogen peroxide.

Yes.

How many teeth will a typical adult have, assuming removal of all the wisdom teeth?

Liberty, Makayla: 28.

Yes.

What kind of words are these: Dilly dally, honky tonk, knick knack and hoity toity?

Now, they're reminiscent of something rebounding from a surface.

Palo, Owen: Onomatopoeia.

No.

(bell chimes, time expires) They are referred to as ricochet words.

Next question.

In which U.S. state, part of the Southeastern Conference, will you find a full-scale replica of Noah's Ark constructed based on dimensions contained in the Bible?

Palo, Owen: Georgia.

No.

Liberty, Jo: University of Florida.

No.

We were looking for Kentucky.

Next question is a calculation question.

A silo shaped like a cone contains wheat.

Its radius is 10 feet, its height is 15 feet, and it can release wheat from its bottom at the rate of 25 cubic feet per minute.

Now, we're using 3.14 for pi, so how long to the nearest minute would it take for the silo to empty completely?

Liberty, Jo: 63 minutes.

Yes.

What is the full name of the protagonist of Jules Verne's novel Around the World in Eighty Days?

Palo, Yixi: Phileas Fogg.

Yes.

What are the call letters for the National Public Radio station in Southern Nevada?

(bell chimes, time expires) Nevada Public Radio, KNPR.

Next question.

The nickname "The Great Asparagus" was given to which future president of the French Republic by his classmates at a military academy prior to World War I?

(bell chimes, time expires) Charles de Gaulle.

The following Olympic athletes excelled in which event: Katarina Witt, Peggy Fleming, Tara Lipinski, Dorothy Hamill, Nancy Kerrigan and Michelle Kwan?

Palo, Owen: Swimming.

No.

Liberty, Koreen: Ice skating.

Yes, I think we can take that.

All right.

Hey, that is the end of our first round, but before we go, we want to learn a little bit more about our players and we're going to start with the students from Liberty.

We start with 10th grader Kayleb.

Hey, Kayleb, how's it going?

-Good.

-Good to have you here.

What happens in the robotics club at Liberty?

-Well, we cut lots of metal and put gears together and just kind of put stuff together until something works.

-Do you go to competitions and stuff?

-Yes.

-How's that going?

-It's going good.

Our robots are pretty good.

-Awesome.

Well, good luck with that and here on Varsity Quiz.

Thanks, Kayleb.

Here is 12th grader Koreen.

Hi, Koreen.

-Hello.

-What is the L-I-F-E club?

-Oh, that's Life Club.

Basically we teach our students more about things you learn outside of school.

So recently we taught our students how to apply for scholarships or make resumes.

-Nice.

Good luck with that and good luck on Varsity Quiz.

Thanks, Koreen.

-Thank you.

-Here's 12th grader Mikayla.

Hi, Mikayla.

-Hi.

-Tell me about the Yarn Barn Crafting Club.

-We're mainly focused on teaching students at our school how to crochet or knit.

So it's mainly yarn crafts.

-Have you been doing that for a while?

-About 10, 12 years, yes.

-Awesome.

Good luck with that, and good luck on Varsity Quiz.

-Thank you.

-And here's senior Jo.

Hi, Jo.

-Hi.

-It says you are in four different choir groups.

-Yes.

-Can you name them?

-So at my school, I am in the intermediate women's choir, I am in our chamber choir, I am in our student-led acapella octet, and I am the student leader of our jazz quartet.

-Wow!

And what voice do you sing?

-I am a soprano.

-Awesome.

Well, good luck with that and on Varsity Quiz.

That's our team from Liberty!

(applause) Now we're going to meet our students from Palo Verde, and we'll start with 10th grader Aaron.

Hey, Aaron.

-Hello.

-You have an unusual hobby here.

It says you restore... -Old vehicles, like used vehicles.

-Like what are you working on right now?

-I have a 1973 Datsun 240Z.

-I might want to talk to you about buying that when it's done.

-Well, I don't know about that.

-Okay.

Well, good luck with that, Aaron, and good luck on Varsity Quiz.

Here's 12th grader Owen.

Hi, Owen.

-Hello.

-It says here that you have created an app.

-Yes.

-What does your app do?

-Basically the player-- it's in space, and the player controls a satellite as it goes around the Earth and dodges asteroids.

-Ohhhh.

-Yes.

-Congratulations.

Good luck with that and good luck on Varsity Quiz.

Thanks, Owen.

Here's senior Ethan.

Hi, Ethan.

-Hi.

-It says here you have an unusual breakfast habit.

-Yes.

I pour my milk before the cereal.

-Oh, no.

Ethan, you'll have to leave.

No, I'm just kidding with you.

Does that work for you?

-It does.

-Do you have a favorite cereal?

-Probably Cheerios.

-Okay.

Well, good luck with that and here on Varsity Quiz.

Here's 12th grader Yixi.

Hi, Yixi.

-Hi.

-It says here you play a couple of musical instruments.

-Yes.

-What do you play?

-I play the piano and the violin.

-And how long have you been playing each?

-I've been playing the piano for around 11 years and the violin around seven years.

-Wow!

Well, good luck with that and on Varsity Quiz.

That's our team from Palo Verde!

(applause) And our bonus round is coming right up.

(crashing sound) Going into round two, here's our score.

Liberty with 40 points to Palo Verde's zero.

Now, they did answer some questions correctly, but they also had deductions because of interruptions.

We have one new player for Liberty.

We'll say hello to Michael.

Hey, Michael.

-Hi.

-Glad to have you here.

Palo Verde is keeping the same players.

In this bonus round, each of 10 possible questions is worth five points.

The team with correct answers will get two more bonus questions that are each worth five points.

Now, team conferring is allowed in these bonus questions 10 seconds before we ask for the response from the team's captain.

This round is timed at six minutes, and time starts as I start this question.

Who is credited with inventing the mercury-in-glass thermometer in 1714?

Liberty, Jo: Lavoisier.

Incorrect.

(bell chimes, time expires) Daniel Gabriel Farenheit.

Next question for both teams.

What term names the gold standard for experimental research, the condition where none of the individuals participating in the project know which treatment any given subject receives?

Liberty, Jo: Double blind.

Yes.

Bonus questions now for Liberty only.

Answer the following about experimental research: First, in order to graph research, which variable goes on which axis?

Second, which letter of the Greek alphabet is used to describe the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis of an experiment?

You have 10 seconds.

First answer, the X axis is the independent variable and the Y axis is the dependent variable.

Second answer, alpha.

Both are correct; you've got bonus points.

Now this next question for both teams.

The oldest-running animated TV series still in production is The Simpsons, which is in its 33rd season.

What's the second-oldest animated series currently in its 25th and final season?

Palo, Owen: Flintstones.

No.

Liberty, Mikayla: South Park.

-No, it's Arthur.

You guys remember Arthur?

All right.

Next question for both teams.

What's the oldest national park in the United States?

Liberty, Makayla: Yellowstone.

Yes.

Bonus questions for Liberty about national parks.

First, Yellowstone National Park is the second-oldest in the world.

The oldest was established in 1778 in the area surrounding Bogd Khan Uul Mountain.

In what country is this oldest park located?

Second, the waters of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans meet at the world's most southern national park.

What country is home to Cabo de Hornos National Park?

You have 10 seconds.

First answer, Indonesia; second answer, Chile.

Chile is correct; the first is Mongolia.

So you get some bonus points, but not all of them.

Now this question for both teams is a calculation question, students.

What's the decimal equivalent of the hexadecimal number 2A?

Palo, Owen: 12.

Incorrect.

Liberty, Jo: 37.

Incorrect.

We were looking for 42.

Next question for both teams.

For whom is the Cosmonauts Training Center in Star City, Russia named?

Palo, Owen: Gagarin.

Yes.

Bonus questions for Palo only.

Answer the following associated with space: First, which space shuttle is named for the ship on which Robert Scott first sailed to Antarctica?

Second, what does Mir, the name of the Russian space station, mean in the Russian language?

You have 10 seconds.

For the first, Challenger; for the second, "light."

Both are incorrect.

We were looking for Discovery, and Mir means "peace."

No bonus points, this question for both teams.

Which form of matter has a defined volume but not a defined shape?

Liberty, Jo: Liquid.

Yes.

Bonus questions for Liberty about chemistry.

First, which branch studies the principles that govern the way that atoms, molecules and other chemical systems behave?

Second, which subfield focuses on the structure and behavior of the molecules that all plants and animals require for life?

You have 10 seconds.

First answer, stoichiometry; second answer, no answer.

Both are incorrect.

We were looking for physical chemistry or P-chem and organic chemistry.

No bonus points, next question for both teams.

Queen Elizabeth I's death ended the Tudor monarchies and started which period?

Liberty, Jo: Stuart.

Yes.

Answer the following questions for Liberty only about English monarchs.

In what calendar year did England have three kings: Harold II, Edgar II and William I?

And what was the last royal house to rule England ending with 1707's Acts of Union?

You have 10 seconds.

First answer, 1066; second answer, Hanover.

1066 is correct.

The other answer was Stuart.

So you get some bonus questions but not all, and this question for both teams.

Reword this line in future perfect tense: "Many are called."

Liberty, Makayla: "Many will have been called."

Yes.

Bonus questions for Liberty about grammar.

What kind of conjunction is used in this line: "The Great Auk is not only a scholar "but also a noted fisherman."

Second, name a conjunctive adverb that includes "more."

You have 10 seconds.

First answer, coordinating conjunction; second answer, more so.

Both are incorrect.

We were looking for correlative conjunction, and we would have accepted furthermore or moreover.

And we're out of time but before we go, we want to say thank you to the Kiwanis Club of Las Vegas.

You know, they help provide judges for the in-school competitions that lead up to where we are here today.

Also, a big shout-out to the staff and leadership of the Clark County School District's Student Activities Department.

They coordinate every step of the program from early in the school year all the way to the championships.

Our speed round is coming right up.

(crashing sound) Going into round three, the score is Liberty with 85 points to Palo Verde's 5.

Anything can happen in this third round.

Now, we have a returning player for Liberty.

We say welcome back to Kayleb.

Hey Kayleb, good to have you here.

Palo is keeping the same players.

In the speed round we have 30 questions, and correct answers are worth five points.

Now, this is a timed round at six minutes.

We'll get to as many questions as we can.

If we get to all 30, obviously that will be when the match would be over.

And time starts right now.

What technique allows you to cook an egg outside of the shell while retaining an intact runny yolk?

Palo, Aaron: Sunny side up.

No.

Liberty, Mikayla: Poaching.

Yes.

Which B vitamin is important for pregnant women or those planning to become pregnant for its role in preventing certain birth defects?

Palo, Ethan: B12.

No.

(bell chimes, time expires) Too late.

The answer is folic acid.

Next question.

What's the most southern country on the Arabian Peninsula?

Palo, Owen: Oman.

No.

Liberty, Kayleb: Yemen.

Yes.

The Nike swoosh, Adidas' three stripes and the Starbucks mermaid are all examples of intellectual property protected by what?

Palo, Owen: Trademark.

Yes.

The abduction of which aviator's infant son-- Palo, Ethan: Charles Lindbergh.

Yes.

Which mold is added to give bleu cheese its distinctive colored veins?

It also provided the first antibiotic.

Liberty, Jo: Penicillin.

No.

Palo, Yixi: Penicillium.

Yes.

What family with a middle school named for it owns the Las Vegas Sun newspaper?

Palo, Ethan: Sig Rogich.

No.

Liberty, Jo: Orr.

No.

It is the Greenspun family.

Next question is a calculation question.

We don't repeat in this round.

Provide the prime factorization for 595.

Palo, Ethan: Five times 119.

Incorrect.

(bell chimes, time expires) We were looking for 17, 7 and 5.

Next question.

What's the primary difference between sashimi and sushi?

Palo, Ethan: Rice.

Yes.

What term names a country house in Russia?

(bell chimes, time expires) It's called a dacha.

Next question.

In which industry did James "Buck" Duke make his fortune?

Palo, Ethan: Agriculture.

No.

(bell chimes, time expires) We were looking for tobacco.

Next question.

James Bond is famous for driving that Aston Martin DB5 with special features.

In which film did the car make its debut?

Palo, Aaron: Goldfinger.

Yes, a great movie.

Excluding the independent municipality of Carson City, how many counties make up Nevada?

Palo, Ethan: 26.

Incorrect.

Liberty, Jo: 9.

No.

It is 16.

What kind of enormous German aircraft carried out the first bombings against Britain in 1915?

Liberty, Mikayla: A zeppelin.

No.

Palo, Aaron: Blimp.

No.

We were actually looking for dirigibles as the term.

Next question.

On what day will the 23rd century begin?

Palo, Owen: 2199.

Incorrect.

Liberty, Jo: January 1, 2401.

Incorrect.

January 1, 2201.

Which treaty drafted by Pope Alexander VI divided the lands of the Western Hemisphere between the Portuguese-- Liberty, Makayla: Treaty of Tordesillas.

Yes.

Sydney has an appointment with an otolaryngologist.

What kind of doctor will he be seeing?

Palo, Ethan: Larynx.

No.

Liberty, Jo: An ENT.

Yes.

Which Founding Father's incorrect last words on July 4, 1826 were "Jefferson lives"?

Palo, Owen: John Adams.

Yes.

Stephen King released a sequel to the bestseller The Shining.

What is it called?

Liberty, Mikayla: Doctor Sleep.

Yes, I can't wait to read that one.

Next is a calculation question.

A roast takes 24 minutes per pound to cook and an extra 7 minutes per pound if boneless.

How much oven time will a 5-pound, 12-ounce, bone-in roast require?

Liberty Jo: 155 minutes.

Incorrect.

Palo, Yixi: 120 minutes.

No.

It's 138 minutes, but I'm hungry.

What's the lowest possible score in a football game?

Palo, Owen: 2-0.

Yes.

Which U.S. state is nicknamed the Centennial State?

Liberty, Jo: Colorado.

Yes.

The commanding officer in the television show M#*A#*S#*H was a colonel.

So what would be the equivalent rank in the U.S. Navy?

Liberty, Kayleb: Admiral.

No.

Palo, Owen: Rear admiral.

No.

It's captain.

What island nation is on both the Eurasian and North American plates?

Palo, Owen: Iceland.

Yes.

The name of which constellation means "harp" or "lyre"?

Liberty, Mikayla: Lyra.

Yes.

The atmospheric pressure of what planet is about 92 times stronger than that of-- Liberty, Kayleb: Venus.

Yes.

What's the world's southernmost national capital city?

Palo, Owen: Auk-- Wellington.

Your first answer is the one we have to take.

Liberty, Jo: Wellington.

Yes.

Calculation question next.

What's the slope of any line parallel to the line 8X + 9Y = 3?

Palo, Ethan: -8/9.

Yes.

"Simulcast" is a blend of what two words?

Liberty, Jo: Simultaneous and broadcast.

Yes, and we're out of time.

Let's find out who won.

(crashing sound) The final score, Liberty with 135 points to Palo Verde's 50.

We want to say thank you to both teams for an excellent match, and congratulations to Liberty on the win.

Now, we'd like you to tune in next week when Coronado is going to be taking on Shadow Ridge.

That's sure to be another exciting matchup on Varsity Quiz right here on Vegas PBS.

♪♪♪