[Music] hi Kid Vision kids it's me Miss Penny and today we're going on an adventure we are going to learn about [Music] dinosaurs we love dinosaur books movies and toy but how much do we really know about dinosaurs we are going to talk to Mr Rudy a dinosaur expert to find out first we're going to ask well what is a dinosaur okay is aile well is a dinosaur reptile it's a type of reptile all right but it goes way back to a much earlier type of reptiles called archosaurs all right now they're not related to snakes and they're not Rel to lizards okay they're more like crocodiles they're more like birds okay so dinosaurs are their own things who can tell me what type of dinosaur this is me what is it a Triceratops it is a triceratops and this Triceratops comes from this Ranch over here all right this is a ranch out in South Dakota that's where the cowboys live and our paleontologist Robert dug this up one day because the Rancher's wife whose name was Cheryl she was going around her Ranch and she was looking at the hillsides now dinosaur bones are buried okay and they're in the hillsides in fact that ranch was at one time the edge of the ocean all right which is great for making dinosaur fossils because the dinosaur has to be buried to become a fossil it's not that the dinosaurs don't live in the forest in the Hills they just don't preserve very well when the dinosaur dies in the forest he lays on the forest floor okay and other animals come and eat up his bones and run away with them but over here this was all swampy mud okay sand and when the dinosaur died over into the mucket went okay got buried and it got preserved and that's how fossils are made right that's how dinosaur bones are become fossils is a triceratops a herbivore or a carnivore and and which means herbivore what is a what's a herbivore um it eats leaves and vegetables it's a Plante eater very good okay Triceratops is one of the last dinosaurs that we had part of a group of dinosaurs called The Horn of dinosaur so he's got horns on his head okay how old do you think this dinosaur is this dinosaur is between 66 and 68 million years old million okay million years is a long time it was one of the last types of dinosaurs that we had and it is a plant eater it has special teeth it's about the size of my thumb Triceratops he didn't just have that one too he had has in his jaw 40 of these teeth in a line like this he didn't have just that one row of teeth he had another row of teeth right behind them and another row and another row he had five rows of teeth all right yes so this dinosaur had 20000 teeth in each one of the four S sides of its mouth that's a big mouth okay and like I said they're special teeth they have special layers in there tee and I happen to have a T-Rex right here here's T-Rex oh that's a scary one right that's the scariest of the dinosaur a herbivore or a carnivore carnivore carnivore a carn a carnivore is an animal that eats meat and a herbivore is what an animal that eats that eats only plants that eats only plants good job this is a model of a T-Rex tooth wa this is a big bone crushing tooth T-Rex has the strongest bite of any animal that ever lived on land okay how many teeth does he he's got 60 of these teeth in his mouth Miss Penny 60 of [Music] them does anybody know what we call a scientist who digs up fossils paleontologist and they did go a paleontologist can you say that one paleontologist paleontologist okay when paleontologists dig for fossils it's called excavation look at the dinosaur that you have in your hand what kind of a dinosaur do you think that is a brontosaurus a brontosaurus what's the difference between a paleontologist and archaeologist a paleontologist is somebody who studies the fossil of long extinct creatures some like saber cats some like dinosaurs archaeologists they study ancient humans their culture things like their tools are you guys ready to make a fossil today what is a fossil a fossil is what remains of an animal in the ground that the minerals have filtered down through the Earth's crust and through the Earth through to the bones and turn that bone to Stone so much of what we know about dinosaurs right now comes from the fact that we have studied the fossils and without that fossil record we we wouldn't know what we know that's what we why we try to have all the kids get interested in doing these things because there's still a lot of discoveries out there and that's what how we learn going out there and putting them together wonderful everyone is going to get a ball of clay roll it in a ball and we're going to make it nice and smooth work it a little bit and then you'll be pushing it into the bottom of your container and you want to cover it all the way to the edges so when you get it in there press down with your hand so we're like creating the Earth we are creating the Earth mhm it'll be where the dinosaur laid down and dyed and then when we pour in the plaster on the top you have both the the impression and also one that stands out like a fossil bone okay so put that inside your container we have to push it down yep okay so make it nice and smooth like this use your fingers flatten it out turn it as you're doing it okay want it all the way to the edges they push it all the way up there work it and when you think you like the way it looks then what you're going to do is you're going to take your skeleton which is what's left of our dinosaur just the bones and you're going to put it inside and you got to turn it so it looks like this okay so your feet are going to be in a corner okay okay and then just take two fingers and push down and I'll show you what it looks like make sure you go all all the way down the tail so you get a real good impression okay and then when you pull it out way is this is what you got left when you pull it out so that's what's left of your dinosaur you have to push it in really well mhm so now what I'm using is plaster of Paris do we take it out you take your skeleton out and then I am going to pour some plaster over the top of it okay then we have to let it sit probably until after you leave cuz it takes about an hour or so for it to fully set up shall we see what Miss Penny's turned out like please okay so what you do is you just push on the sides see how that plaster is pulling away from the side and then you peel it back got ex your container and that's the clay portion so it's like the layers of the earth Okay so that's the clay portion this would be the top of the earth okay and let me peel that back woo that's what you end up withow we had a great time today learning about dinosaurs dinosaur teeth and fossils bye bye