- Hi scholars, welcome to second grade on read, write, roar.

Our big question is: What processes change the earth?

Today we are going to read and write words with the N G T H spelling.

And we're going to listen to a book about a volcano, and its explosion, and how it affected life around it.

So scholars, go ahead and get your paper, something to write with, and let's get ready to read, write, roar.

(kiddie music plays) (lion roars) (kiddie music plays) (lion roars) - Hi scholars, I'm Mrs. Z K, and today we are going to work on a word part N G T H. Oh, let's figure out what kind of word part that is.

Well, N G is in the beginning part of this word part.

N G usually comes at the end of words, like in the word hang or in the word hung.

You hear that ng sound.

You might say, oh, I am going to go hang my coat up in the closet.

Or, I already hung my coat up.

(laughs) We also have T H in this word part, it's here at the end.

T H can make two different sounds.

It can make a voice sound like in the words, this and that.

Do you hear how you can hear that T H real strong?

This and that.

Or, it can have an unvoiced sound like in the word, myth or moth.

You hear how, it's almost like a whisper, myth or moth.

Mm hmm.

A myth is something like a fib when something just is not true.

And a moth, some people mistake it for a little white butterfly, but it's not a butterfly at all.

It's an insect though.

So if we put these two together, the N G and the T H, it is going to be a new ending.

For some words.

Like in the word length.

Do you hear that sound that it's making at the end, the N G T H?

Length.

When you want to measure the length of something, you might get a measuring tool out like a measuring tape, right?

And you might measure the length of something.

You also might eyeball the length of something saying something is all about arm's length.

You might also try to measure someone's hair, like Mrs. Z K's hair is about ear length.

But maybe, your hair could be shoulder length, or mid back length, or knee length.

Ooh, that would be some long hair.

Wouldn't want to comb that every day.

(laughs) Our other word that has the ngth sound at the end, is the word strength.

Hmmm.

Strength is when you show how strong you or something is.

So, if I'm going to hammer this nail in, but it won't go in, I have to use more muscle to use more strength.

(hammers) Oh yeah.

(laughs) Did you know scholars that N G T H is not a common spelling?

It's not in very many words.

Uh uh.

So, we had the word length and the word strength today.

Why don't you see if you can measure the length of something while you're at home, or see how much strength you can use when you pick up something heavy at home?

(kiddie music plays) - I'm Miss Amy and I'm so excited to share some mindful practices with you today.

Mindful practices are tools we can use when we need to pause and take a breath, own what we are feeling, and practice a deep breath or something that relaxes us.

We call this a pop check.

Sometimes I have a hard time listening to directions because my body feels so wiggly.

And sometimes I forget to do something like brush my teeth before bed.

Do you ever feel that way inside?

So wiggly that it's hard to focus or listen?

That's when you can practice listening breath.

Let's try it.

First, shhh, let's listen to some sounds around us.

What do you hear?

I hear some cars outside my window.

Oh, I hear a dog barking.

What do you hear where you are?

Let's listen, I'll count to five, and you listen to the sounds.

When we're done, you can tell me what you heard.

Ready?

Go!

One, two, three, four, five.

And open your eyes.

What did you hear?

It's fun to practice listening breath, and you can practice it anywhere you are.

Just take some deep breaths and listen.

(kiddie music plays) - Hi scholars, I'm Mrs. Fuller.

Today, we're going to be reading a book called gopher to the rescue a volcano recovery story.

Written by Terry Catatsus Jennings, illustrated by Loreal, Keef, and read with permission from Arbor Dale publishing company.

As I read today, I would like your help listening for information for two questions.

First, our big question: What processes change the Earth?

And second: How does Gopher help bring life back to the mountain?

(kiddie music plays) Let's meet the main character.

The main character is a gopher.

A gopher is a small furry rodent that burrows or digs tunnels underground.

The title of our story Gopher to the Rescue!

A volcano Recovery Story, tells us that the story is about a volcano and it's recovery.

Recovery means for something to return back to its normal healthy state.

So we're going to learn how a place destroyed by a volcano, begins to return back to the way it was.

Our story is a fictional or made up story, but it's based on a real event.

On May 18th, 1980, a volcano Mount St. Helens erupted.

Before Mount St. Helens erupted, it had a snow-capped peak, and was surrounded by forests and lakes.

After it erupted, the peak was blown apart, and the areas surrounding the volcano were covered with Ash.

This story is based on scientists' observations of how life returns to an area destroyed by a volcano.

Something is different on the mountain.

Snowshoe Hare hears the rumble from miles away.

Black bear feels the ground shake beneath her paws.

Gopher feels the earth move in his burrow.

Steam and ash burst from the top of the mountain.

It looks like smoke.

Elk has never seen this before.

Squirrel sees black smudges on the snowy mountain.

The rumblings go on for days.

The mountain is changing.

A volcano is waking up.

But Gopher just digs and digs in his burrow.

Early one morning, the animals feel rumbling and trembling and shaking more terrible than they've ever felt before.

They hear a terrible sound.

The top of the mountains slides away.

Snow and rock slide down the mountain and into the valley.

Then, the mountain explodes!

The blast from the explosion blows down all the trees.

The top of the mountain disappears in a cloud of ash and rock.

The volcano is erupting!

The animals try to run away When the shaking stops and the roar quits, Gopher begins to dig again.

He digs through soil and then he digs through really warm ash, sand, and pebbles.

He wonders, where did all this stuff come from?

When he reaches the surface, blown down trees cover the landscape like toothpicks.

The world is gray, and dry, and hot.

Let's help Gopher answer his question.

He's wondering, where did all this stuff come from?

Where did all that gray ash come from?

What do you think?

You're right.

The ash came from the volcano exploding, and also from the trees and things that were burnt because of the explosion.

Gopher is not alone.

Ant and beetle crawl around on the crust formed by the hot dry ash.

They find plenty of food in the dead wood and plenty of places to hide.

From his home under a rotten log, Mouse sticks out his nose.

He's confused, but the tree is still home and he has tasty bugs to eat.

Even though his world has changed, Gopher digs and digs.

He mixes the soil from his tunnels with crusty ash, adding life giving nutrients.

The nutrients help plants to grow.

Gopher helps the mountain recover.

Salamander and pollywogs survive the blast under the ice and in the mud at the bottom of a lake.

Come summer when it's time for them to live their adult life on dry land, they find the world dry and hot.

They use gophers tunnels to find shade and to get around in the hot, dry landscape.

They head to the cool damp forests nearby or to new ponds created in the blast area.

Insects return to the mountain right away, flying in on the wind.

Spiders float in on silk threads.

Seeds blow in from near and far.

Days turn into weeks and weeks turn into months.

Some seeds take root on top of Gopher's tunnels and grow into plants.

Birds also visit the mountain right away and eat tasty bugs and seeds.

They perch on small islands of plants and flowers that survive the blast.

Weeks pass and months pass.

But there are no places to nest.

Birds can't live on the mountain, not yet.

Elk often explores the mountain.

At first, he finds young trees that survived the blast under the snow.

As months turn into years, saplings sprout from seeds.

They're a little snack, but they're not enough for him.

He needs to take cover in the shady forest nearby- the forests that were not damaged by the heat or the racks, or buried under the ash.

He'll return to live on the mountain when there's plenty of food to eat and plenty of places to rest and hide.

Months and years pass.

Slowly hemlocks, firs, fireweed, and lupine grow.

Animals visit.

When they find enough food and shelter, they can stay on the mountain.

Gopher still digs and digs, looking for new roots and bulbs to eat.

Making the ground fertile for more seeds to grow.

Years have turned into decades.

Trees and bushes dot the landscape.

Elk, squirrels, and snowshoe hares, and black bears are returning to the fertile, new habitat on the mountain.

Some areas may never be as they were before the big blast.

But of one thing we can be sure- gopher will still dig and dig... and the mountain will continue to change.

Let's use the information from the story to answer this question.

How does Gopher help bring life back to the mountain?

So in the story, what does Gopher do to help save the mountain?

You can go ahead and say your answers out loud.

(kiddie music plays) (lion roars) Good!

I heard that Gopher dug his tunnels and mixed the soil with ash to help the plants grow.

Let's write that down.

He mixed the soil from his tunnels with a ash.

This helped the plants to grow.

What else?

That's right.

I heard that the small animals use the tunnels for shade and to move around.

Let's write that down.

The small animals used Gopher's tunnels for shade and to move around.

Remember after the explosion the ground was covered with hot ash.

So the animals needed to use the tunnels to get around.

When need one more.

That's another good answer.

Plants began to grow near Gopher's tunnels, where he had mixed the soil and made it great for plants to grow.

Let's write that down.

Seeds began to grow in the rich soil near Gopher's tunnels.

Excellent job.

We're going to answer this question.

How can a volcanic eruption change the earth?

If you have a piece of paper and something to write with, go ahead and get that.

To help us write our answer to the question, we're going to use the race strategy.

The race strategy is a writing strategy.

That'll help us include all the important information when we write our answer.

The R in race stands for restate.

Restate the question.

When we start our answer, we want to be sure to restate or include part of the answer in our statement.

The A stands for answer.

Answer the question.

We want to be sure we think about what is the question asking us?

And we want to be sure we include all parts of the question in our answer.

The C stands for cite, cite the source.

If you're using a book, you want to make sure that you get examples and details from the book.

And E explain, explain your response.

You want to be sure you give evidence from the text to support your answer.

I've got our paper set up, ready for us to write our answer, using the race strategy.

If you have your piece of paper, go ahead and fold that in half.

And then fold it in half one more time.

When you open that up, you will have the four boxes that you need to write the race strategy.

And if you'd like to practice writing this along with me, that'd be great.

So let's look at our question.

How can a volcanic eruption change the earth?

And while we're answering the question, we're going to be thinking about what we learned in our book about Gopher.

So first we need to restate the question.

How can a volcanic eruption change the earth?

A volcanic eruption can change the earth by... And I'm going to stop there.

I want you to see how I use part of the question to start my answer.

How can a volcanic eruption change the earth?

A volcanic eruption can change the earth by... And then we'll finish our answer.

But I want you to notice that these words were taken right from the question.

So a volcanic eruption can change the earth by...

In our book we read about forest being destroyed and the area being covered with ash.

So I want to include that in my beginning statement.

A volcanic eruption can change the earth by destroying forests and covering the area with ash.

The next step, we need to answer the question.

So I'm going to include the two things that we put in our beginning statement.

We wrote about forest being destroyed and the area being covered with ash.

So I'm going to write a little bit more about those when I answer the question.

Forests are destroyed by the explosion And that explosion is referring to our volcanic eruption and from the heat of the hot rock and ash.

So in the first part of my statement, I put that forests being destroyed are one of the changes.

So forests are destroyed by the explosion and from the heat of the hot rock and ash.

So now we wanted to talk about the covering the area with ash.

Ash from the blast And blast is also referring to that volcanic eruption.

Covers the area around the volcano destroying plants and other living things.

I like us to look back at this page in the book.

The blast from the explosion blows down all the trees.

The top of the mountain disappears in a cloud of ash and rock.

The volcano is erupting!

The animals try to run away.

So in the next part of our answer, we need to cite the source.

Tell where we found information and use examples and details from the story.

In the book, we read that the blast blew down all the trees and that the mountain disappeared in a cloud of rock and ash.

For the last part, explain what it means.

I'd like to look at one more page in the story.

On this page, this is when Gopher pops up after the explosion for the first time.

When he reaches the surface, blown-down trees cover the landscape like toothpicks.

The world is gray and dry and hot.

So in this part, explain your response, we need to get evidence from the text to help support our answer.

When Gopher looked out after the eruption all the trees were destroyed.

The land was covered in hot ash.

Gopher's world was changed.

Great job today's scholars.

Thank you so much for learning with us, and see if you can look up other volcanoes and see what changes they made to the earth.

I'll see you next time on read, write, roar.

- This program is made possible in part by the Michigan department of education, the state of Michigan, and the WK Kellogg foundation.

Additional support by, and by viewers like you.

Thank you.

(kiddie music plays)