Making It Grow is brought to you in part by Certified South Carolina is a cooperative effort among farmers, retailers and the South Carolina Department of Agriculture to help consumers identify foods and agricultural products that are grown, harvested or raised right here in the Palmetto State.

The Boyd Foundation supporting outdoor recreational opportunities, the appreciation of wildlife, educational programs and enhancing the quality of life in Columbia, South Carolina and the Midlands at large.

McLeod Farms in McBee, South Carolina, family owned and operated since 1916.

This family farm offers seasonal produce, including over 40 varieties of peaches.

Additional funding provided by the South Carolina Farm Bureau Federation and Farm Bureau Insurance and Boone Hall Farms.

♪ opening music ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ Well, Good evening and welcome to Making It Grow.

We're so glad that you can join us tonight.

I'm Amanda McNulty I'm a Clemson horticulture agent and I get to come over here with my co-host, Terasa Lott and Terasa, we just learn and learn and learn.

<Terasa> We do.

That is the thing I love the most about Making It Grow is not only do we provide information for our viewers, but we too benefit from the knowledge shared from our panelists.

<Amanda> - and also, you've got a day job.

You do so much for us I don't know how you... -because you're in charge of kind of coordinating the Master Gardener program.

<Terasa> That is correct, and it's not just in South Carolina, but this is a nationwide program, and you can always count on master gardeners to be a part of their local community, give that research based information over 12.9 million connections made with people looking for gardening information across the U.S. <Amanda> - And as I say, it's a club that you can join and you never have to wear high heels or stockings, <Terasa> - only if you want to.

<Amanda> Only if you want to.

Jackie Jordan, you're the hort agent in Fairfield, Kershaw and someplace else.

<Jackie> Yeah.

Richland County.

<Amanda> Gosh, what a lot of places you're in charge of, and they're kind of different, you know, even though <Jackie> They are, <Amanda> I mean, different soil types, and so things happen differently.

It's funny everybody thinks that it's just the same, but even those are kind of different.

<Jackie> Definitely, definitely.

In Fairfield, you can grow cool season grasses and you can't really in Richland or parts of Kershaw.

<Amanda> Yeah, so people have moved down here from up north can have their fescue.

<Jackie> Mm hmm.

<Amanda> Okay.

All righty, and Carmen Ketron, you are Darlington and Florence, and that, those are both kind of the same, I guess.

<Carmen> Yes.

They're pretty much the same right across.

<Amanda> And what do people, traditionally do farmers over there grow?

>> Oh, so same, lots of cotton, lots of soybeans, lots of corn.

Well, we love a lot of the same stuff that you'll find throughout the Pee Dee.

<Amanda> Okay.

<Carmen> In terms of vegetables, you know, we love our butter beans.

We love the black <Amanda> Speckled or Solid?

<Carmen> I do speckled.

<Amanda> I like speckled, too.

<Carmen> Yeah.

(laughs) <Amanda> Oh, isn't it fun?

Yeah, it really is.

It's fun to be from the South.

Okay.

And then we're going to have some fun segments to show you.

Austin Jenkins comes and we're going to talk about two different animals with him, and then Mary Vargo came down and she did a fall wreath for us.

That was fun, and I think we're going to do something equally fun today, if I'm not mistaken.

So and Teresa, you always have wonderful ways to start us off with Gardens of the Week.

<Terasa> I just love Gardens of the Week.

It's like a virtual field trip where we get to see what you're doing in your yards, your gardens.

Sometimes you share beautiful spots in South Carolina, and we're fortunate to have many of them.

Today.

We begin with Julie Boulware.

She shared a single flower on her camellias sasanqua From Marie Johnston, a gulf fritillary that just emerged from its chrysalis.

What great timing, Marie.

From Richard and Janet Taylor, a colorful fungus on an old stump.

So we get to see nature's recyclers in action.

Robin Tyler shared a small portion of a landscape bed displaying many colors in the foliage of the plants and also fallen leaves, and then we wrap up with Angela Johanson, who shared a patch of blue mist flower.

This is a lovely fall blooming native.

You might see it growing along the roadside in wet areas like ditches.

Do be wary if you add it to your home garden, it will often spread quite quickly by rhizomes.

So something to think about before adding it to your yard.

We appreciate all of the photos that were shared.

We only have a small sampling on air, but you're welcome to go to our Facebook page and see all of the submissions.

<Amanda> Well, thank you, Terasa, and it seems like if you're riding down the road and see something, you want to get out and take a picture of it, there's usually a ditch full of water that you have to navigate on the way.

Oh, goodness.

<Terasa> I love the contrast with the blue mist flower and lots of goldenrod.

So that purple and yellow, such a striking combination.

<Amanda> Nature does have a - She's a good decorator, isn't she?

Yeah.

All righty.

Well, is there someone we might be able to help, Teresa?

<Terasa> I hope so.

Beverly in Columbia is asking for our help.

She said, How do I control crape myrtle suckers?

A company cut the roots when doing some underground work.

<Amanda> Oh, goodness.

<Terasa> Sometimes we have companies that will come in and trim the tops of plants, but it sounds like this one was a disturbance underground.

<Amanda> Well, and what's a number you're supposed to call before you... <Terasa> 811 <Amanda> 811.

Always do that, because you do not want to be the person to cause everyone in your neighborhood not to have any electricity.

(laughs) Well, Jackie what, what do you think this person should do?

<Jackie> Unfortunately, there's not a herbicide.

So it comes down to persistence to keep... <Amanda> - not a herbicide?

<Jackie> because it would move through.

<Amanda> Oh, and... <Jackie> It could possibly go back to the mother plant and do some harm.

So it really comes down to mechanical removal.

If it's in an area where you can keep it mowed, keeping it mowed or going in there with some good pruners and just cutting it back time and time again.

<Amanda> ...it'll kind of give up <Jackie> Eventually, but unfortunately that's one of the downsides of crape myrtles is they do suffer if the roots get cut.

<Amanda> Well, and also nowadays there are varieties that don't have sooty mold or aphids or what is the one that <Jackie> - powdery mildew as much.

<Amanda> Yeah, yeah, but if they do, it can be worse.

if you let the suckers come up because they're closer to the ground where there's more moisture and all that kind of stuff going on.

Is that correct?

<Jackie> Yeah, definitely, and you can get it really crowded in there and you get just, you know, a lot of <Amanda> but it's a, that's a good reason not to have to let the suckers come up around your crapes... <Jackie> Well, yeah.

Yeah.

<Amanda> Oh, okay.

So snip, snip.

<Jackie> Yeah.

- just get out there and keep cutting away.

<Amanda> All right.

All right, Ms. Terasa.

<Terasa> We're going to move to a different part of the state over to York, South Carolina, where Dave wrote in and said, My rhododendrons are blooming now instead of spring like they usually do.

I noticed it last year on one plant and this year on two older established plants.

What is going on?

<Amanda> Well, first of all, I'm envious that he has those because it's hard for us to have them down here, but I'm sure he's happy to see them bloom, but you know we do expect them to bloom at another time of the year.

<Carmen> Exactly.

Those rhododendrons, they're early spring bloomers and a lot of the times they require chilling units or hours to be able to tell them when to bloom, and just a couple chilling hours during the day.

<Amanda> They keep track of it.

I mean, somehow they've got some, some, some system and that fascinating DNA that they can keep track of the number of hours they're exposed to <Carmen> Exactly.

They don't stick to a calendar.

They stick to temperature based, and so just a couple of chilling hours will end up getting them to re blooming up in York County, probably.

They had a couple cool nights and it doesn't take a lot for a species like rhododendrons or tulip magnolias, things that bloom really early in the spring usually to get another fall one.

So if he gets - if the temperature keeps getting a little funky year after year, you might be able to see them twice a year.

<Amanda> Oh, you think it might actually have time to set new blossoms for next year after this?

<Carmen> Often, they will.

Yes.

Now, one other thing that it might be, is that the plant is stressed out, because sometimes a summer drought, things like that, that can often be a replacement for the chilling hours and make them sort of think that they need to bloom again as well.

So it could be one of the two.

<Amanda> It's not hurting the plant, and I'm - but you're saying he should be careful and be sure that he his, is providing water if we go through a long, droughty period.

<Carmen> Yep.

If he goes two weeks without a significant amount of water, I'd probably hit it with the hose a little bit, but you can't really stop the temperature at night.

That's out of his control.

<Amanda> You know, and one thing Terasa, that I learned down in Edisto REC, one time.

They were saying that if you water something, if you turn it on high, the water tends if you put a lot of water in at once it just seems to whoosh down, but if you want it to really spread out where the roots are, put it on real low, and that way it'll spread out to where the roots are, which I thought was kind of a cool thing to learn about.

<Terasa> Sort of have to have like that tortoise motto, slow and steady wins the race.

<Amanda> Yeah, There you go.

Okay.

Well Terasa, what's up next?

<Terasa> Let's see.

We are going to move to Lexington.

So the sort of center of the state where Gary said, "Help!"

I can just he, he, he is worried.

"Branches are dying on my dwarf yaupon holly.

"What should I do?"

<Amanda> Oh, and usually that's just such a you know, I'm just going to keep on going and not give anybody any trouble and just a great plant to use.

Well, Jackie, what do you think might be happening here?

<Jackie> You're absolutely right, Amanda.

Those dwarf yaupon hollies.

They're native.

They're really talented.

They usually don't have any pest or disease problems, but they can get a weak fungus that comes in and causes branch dieback.

Usually this is, again, plants that have been stressed.

Typically, we see it a lot more with our up and down winter temperatures where we have our mild winter weather and then our sudden drop.

I imagine there are some cracks in fissures in the bark from that cold that we had last Christmas, that very deep cold.

You know, you get a little bit of cracks in there, those fissures, and then you get a very weak fungus that normally wouldn't hurt a healthy plant move into the branches and then you start to get branch dieback.

I've seen it in a number of yaupons this spring or this summer and fall.

So I would just say, you know, overall, if the plant looks healthy, they can come in and they can trim off those dead branches.

Just make sure that through the winter months that if you get a chance to water on a milder day, that you do go ahead and apply some irrigation.

It really is important that water helps to act as, you know, like anti-freeze going in between the cells to help protect from those fissures that they can get, and when we go down so cold.

<Amanda> So fortunately, there's not something that's happening statewide and region wide.

It's a problem with yaupons.

They're still a great choice.

<Jackie> They're still a great, great shrub, and then the other thing I would suggest is if you hadn't had a solar sample, now's a great time to do it.

Go ahead and get your solar sample done.

See what your potassium levels are, because that is critical for water management in a plant, and if it just seems low, that plant could be struggling just a little bit.

So those are just a couple of things to check on to make sure you get your plants through the winter.

<Amanda> Well, Jackie, thank you a lot.

Well, Austin Jenkins is a naturalist over at USC Sumter, and it's so much fun when he comes.

We're going to talk about a moth and a moon flower.

I'm talking to Austin Jenkins, who is a naturalist at the University of South Carolina in Sumter, and he came over today to talk to us about some fun, natural things.

<Dr.

Austin> Yeah.

So we were on a patio the other evening.

My wife loves to grow, you know, the moon flower, a little vine with the heart shaped leaves, and <Amanda> Is it related to morning glories?

<Dr.

Austin> It is, and when it when it gets nice and hot, you know, like it is midsummer, late summer, it'll shoot up these blooms that open up right at dusk, and you can.

You can.

Yeah.

<Amanda> They kind of vibrate and then they open while if you have little kids, everybody should grow them for little kids because they just open in front of you.

<Dr.

Austin> A lot of plants don't do a whole lot of bouncing, but this one does, and there's a lot of things that bounce upon it after that.

So right at dusk, we were watching these big moths come in like the Hawk moth I have here.

This is a Pandora hawk moth, and they come in and you think you're getting attacked by bats or something because they're so large.

<Amanda> It's so big <Dr.

Austin> You don't appreciate the fact that moths can get this big, and we have some that are even bigger than this.

The Hawk moth family is especially prevalent in South Carolina, and it loves these big, long, tubular flowers such as the moon flower.

It closes back up in the morning, but this next flower here will be ready to erupt, you know, later in the evening and new hawk moths will come along, <Amanda> Now, are they attracted to white flowers?

Are moths often moths that feed at night, are they often attracted to white flowers?

<Dr.

Austin> Traditional thought is that yes, that that white color helps them to find, you know, the source, but also they have a tremendous sense of smell, you know, if you want to call it that, their antennae are well-developed and they can sense the smell of the flowers.

A lot of these flowers will put out their perfume, so to speak, in the evening purposefully because they want those nighttime pollinators, but it's probably the case that other flowers that are not necessarily white are also receiving some benefit.

You know, from the moths.

We found important levels of pollination that occur thanks to nighttime moths and, you know, apple trees, for example.

<Amanda> Oh, come on.

<Dr.

Austin> Yeah, and blueberries, <Amanda> Blueberries?

<Dr.

Austin> Blueberry patch and yeah, we're just not out at night so we don't appreciate that.

But they may be maybe, you know, not just augmenting pollination, but perhaps some of the most important pollinators The moths are going for, you know, they're going just for the nectar.

<Amanda> Yes.

<Dr.

Austin> The bees, they're, they deserve a place too, at the table.

They're very important, but they're also hoarding the pollen.

They're taking it back a lot of times, to feed their larvae, their offspring, but these guys are just going from one flower to the other, inadvertently picking up pollen and moving around in important ways, probably ones that we haven't appreciated in the past.

So, you know, the moths are an important species, important group and we ought to give them a little more credit.

<Amanda> So, drink coffee in the afternoon and stay up and go out and look at the lawns, <Dr.

Austin> Turn your lights off if you can.

You know, I think we probably need to do more of that where it's possible Turn our lights off so that they don't get confused.

They can find, you know, the food crops and the flowers that they are looking for.

<Amanda> If you want to attract them to your house, can you hang...get a white sheet up and go out there with a flashlight or what would you do with it?

<Dr.

Austin> Yeah.

So a lot of entomology sites that are doing search studies, they will hang a, you know, black light up against a sheet and that will attract some insects and, you know, turn it off, and in the night the insects can fly away and that kind of thing.

But the less light they have out at night, the better off their life is, you know, and so.

<Amanda> So, just like for the sea turtles cut off the lights.

<Dr.

Austin> That's right.

<Amanda> That's for everybody.

<Dr.

Austin> Right, right.

<Amanda> All right.

Well, hawk moth thank you for coming to see us today Thanks Austin.

<Dr.

Austin> Yep, absolutely.

<Amanda> Isn't it fun when Austin tells us such fascinating things about the natural world, and you'll get to have another experience with him a little later on in the show.

But right now, we're going to do something that I don't have to get Dewalt saw out to decorate this pumpkin.

Is that right?

<Carmen> That's right.

<Amanda> Trying to carve out a pumpkin is hard.

<Carmen> It's awful.

Yes.

and so we have a more low key option for your Thanksgiving centerpiece this year.

This is our succulent planter that we're going to try out.

So one of the- <Amanda> You have an example sitting right there.

It is perfectly lovely.

Just beautiful.

<Carmen> It's gorgeous.

It looks wonderful.

It will actually last very long this way, and we it's kind of a fun activity to do with some family.

If you've got family in town and you wanted to do a nice autumnal activity and all you need is your pumpkin some peat moss and sphagnum moss and a couple really nice little succulents.

<Amanda> Okay.

<Carmen> and some glue.

<Amanda> Glue.

<Carmen> Yep.

Glue.

I start with this spray adhesive so that we can knock down the sphagnum moss and as you kind of alluded to, we're not cutting this open.

We want to find us a pumpkin that has a nice little indent in it that could hold it.

So the Cinderella... <Amanda> - So, the tradition, traditional one, isn't what we're looking for?

<Carmen> No.

We want a Cinderella type pumpkin and luckily we got some nice pumpkins donated to us from the McLeod Farms.

<Amanda> How wonderful.

<Carmen> And so all you have to do is go and you just stick it right on there.

<Amanda> Oh.

<Carmen> Push that down for me.

<Amanda> So that spray glue is going to hold it.

<Carmen> Yeah.

<Amanda> - and you found the, this brown sphagnum moss at a craft store?

<Carmen> I did.

I did.

I found it at a craft store.

We want the, we don't want the <Amanda> - The fresh one.

<Carmen> We, we want the nice one that you would use in your planter boxes or in your buckets, and then you just want to take a couple of your beautiful succulent types- <Amanda> I'm going to see how much you put over here.

<Carmen> What do we like?

<Amanda> Oh, I just love, Isn't that fun, all that green business on there?

These funky pumpkins are fun.

Okay.

<Carmen> So we start with our main centerpiece pieces, and you kind of just want to look and see.

<Amanda> Oh, so you're so going to like, give it a trial before you start gluing it.

<Carmen> I do, because a lot of times this is - this is a fruit.

This is going to be, as soon as we put it in, a forever option.

So we kind of like - I like that.

You want one over there?

How's that looking?

Now a lot of the times, if you have any that are a draping style.... <Amanda> Yeah, I was going to drape mine.

<Carmen> Perfect.

Perfect, and then we can go to town.

Now, you actually gave me some of the floral adhesive.

I really like this because it will be the most low maintenance option, and all you have to do is once you've got your your spot in place, we're just going to glue it right to the peat moss and we are going to take it, and I just throw the glue around and you're going to stick it in.

Now, a lot of people, myself included, got really nervous when I saw how the professionals did this.

<Amanda> Oh, why is that?

<Carmen> because something just gave me a little bit of the "ick" when I'm thinking of gluing open stems, but a lot of this can really work, and as long as you keep it, how are we doing there?

Perfect!

As long as you give it a little bit of water every so often, these will actually keep rooting inside of your sphagnum moss, and so it can last forever and ever afterwards.

<Amanda> So, now how are you going to water this thing?

<Carmen> I do a little bit of a spritz.

Give it a little spritzy poo, right there, right with this little water sprayer.

Or you can give it just a nice, gentle watering.

Now, that's going to be our one of our more fun options here.

Do you want to glue that side for me?

<Amanda> I'm going to let you do it, because you've already got glue all over your fingers.

<Carmen> I do.

Watch, if you do this with kids.

<Amanda> Oh, that's okay.

Well, you know, one thing.

is, there hot glue guns that people use, but hot glue is hot.

<Carmen> Yes, and I have I've got one option here, but it does get really, really sticky very quickly in that hot glue gun.

You can see the steam rising off, <Amanda> Yeah!

<Carmen> and so you have to be a little bit careful <Amanda> especially if you're doing it with children.

<Carmen> Exactly.

So the floral adhesive, that's a really great option.

So then afterwards, you can have this <Amanda> Isn't this fun?

<Carmen> Let it sit for a nice little bit and then you're good to go, and the great thing about this, because we didn't cut it into it, it will last for a good couple of weeks.

So you can make this arrangement ahead of Thanksgiving and then just bring it out.

<Amanda> Yeah.

<Carmen> One option that I always knew how to do was to cut it open and throw in sphagnum moss and a little bit of cactus.

Soiless mix and actually plant in there and unfortunately when I did that last year, it lasted five days and then I had to dig everything out and replant it to make sure that it was happy, But that is still a very good option.

How are we looking?

What do you think you want a little bit more?

Where would you put?

<Amanda> I think maybe a little bit back here.

<Carmen> Oh, I love that.

Yes, very nice.

So I used a variety of different succulents that were available at the local nursery.

But if you have some all you have to do is snip a little off.

Yeah, and then you're done.

Now...Terasa and I were talking about this earlier and she said, you know what the easiest option would be is to just put a potted plant in there, and I said, What a great idea, and so one other option that you could do if you want to just cut a hole in that nice pumpkin and place it right in there <Amanda> and then just put some sphagnum moss <Carmen> And decorate around So you've got three different ways that you could do it.

<Amanda> - and, and you know, there's so much to try to do to try to get Thanksgiving dinner on the table, you know, and so that you could get this done well ahead of time and then worry about all the other things that are on your list to get done.

<Carmen> Exactly.

<Amanda> Okay.

Well, that was just such a treat.

Oh, thank you.

Thank you.

Thank you, and thanks to McLeod Farms.

They're one of our underwriters, and they did provide us with these wonderful pumpkins.

Well, Austin Jenkins has some more tricks up his sleeve.

So, let's visit with him again.

I'm talking to Austin Jenkins, who's a naturalist at the University of South Carolina in Sumter.

And Austin, this creature we have all over the concrete floor as we come into our studio and I've...had one in my house occasionally in the bathtub.

What is it?

<Dr.

Austin> Yeah.

So this is called the North American Millipede.

<Amanda> Okay.

<Dr.

Austin> Yeah, and they're common, especially across our coastal plain and some of the more moist environs.

Congaree Swamp.

I see them a lot of times.

But also, you know, if it gets dry outside, they'll try to come inside if it's more moist there, you know, and likewise, if it's too moist outside, they'll try to come inside.

So we run across them sometimes.

<Amanda> Now people take about centipedes and millipedes and they get mixed up.

So tell us the difference.

<Dr.

Austin> Well, so yeah, it takes too long to count the legs.

So what I, what I, what I advise is if the animal has two pair of legs per segment, meaning four legs per segment, then it's a millipede.

<Amanda> Boy, this guy has a lot of legs.

<Dr.

Austin> They often kind of, stand a little more in a curvular back as well.

But also, if it's a centipede, then you only have one pair of legs per segment or two legs per segment.

They're a lot most of ours are really flat in nature <Amanda> and we don't want to pick them up.

Is that right?

<Dr.

Austin> That's right.

Centipedes have figured out how to take the front pair of legs and turn them into little daggers, and so that would be like getting a couple of stings from a wasp.

Not what you want to do <Amanda> Oh, there's a- <Dr.

Austin> There's a venom.

Yes, there's a venom that they can elicit.

The millipedes will sometimes, you know, deposit some chemicals upon you.

and this one is luckily not doing that, but they'll deposit the chemical upon you and that's how they defend themselves from.

<Amanda> They smell bad or- <Dr.

Austin>Sometimes it'll smell maybe sting your hand, but in general, it's not anything painful like the like the centipedes can do.

<Amanda> Okay.

<Dr.

Austin>But know these are these are common.

They are becoming popular in the pet trade.

So the other reason they come inside is because they want to live another year.

They can live up to ten years <Amanda> Oh oh, no.

<Dr.

Austin> Yeah.

So it's a, it's a popular pet because...of that.

So they're looking for a place to spend the winter, you know, and great little mothers, they'll lay one egg in the middle of a pile of feces, which I hear is a great way to make things leave you alone.

<Amanda> Yeah, <Dr.

Austin> and then she'll protect that egg until it hatches.

<Amanda> Now, the ones, Do they come in bigger sizes that people get or do...?

<Dr.

Austin> Yeah, I think this... so this is almost a full grown.

So a lot of them would start a good bit smaller than that.

<Amanda> So people keep them as pets.

<Dr.

Austin> They do.

Detritivores, they eat you know, broken down organic matter, decaying leaves... <Amanda>Well, so if you're not allowed to have a dog or a cat, just get a millipede.

<Dr.

Austin> Get a North American millipede.

There's one in your house already.

You might as well make friends with it.

<Amanda> Thank you, Austin.

That was fun.

<Dr.

Austin> Absolutely <Amanda> Terasa, I don't know about you, but I'm happy with my four legged dog pets instead of a millipede for a pet.

<Terasa> Yeah.

I don't think I would want one as a pet, but the large garden millipedes, it is kind of fun to just let them crawl over your hand.

<Amanda> We wouldn't have to board them if we wanted to go out of town.

<Terasa> This is true, and, you know, they're happy with like, decaying plant matter.

So no special food requirements.

It's sounding more and more attractive.

<Amanda> It is.

Oh, gracious.

Goodness.

(laughs) Well, I was thinking about hats and I been going somewhere and some my favorite thing that I see is very site specific and it's on really crazily sandy soils and it's called Farewell to Summer, and it's the white part of this hat Polygonum americanum, and it's just, I know where, where it is.

There are few spots where I find it, and if you ever if you ever want to see it, in just full glory, get on 601. on the Camden side of the Sumter Highway and ride down there and it's just there are massive stands and it turns kind of pink as it fades, and I just think it's the most wonderful thing, and farewell to summer, and then, I thought I should have a little something with it and we have what we call the ginger that's in the pot.

The blue - It's the blue ginger, and it lives in a pot at our house, and it does not unfortunately, it doesn't act like regular ginger lilly and, and grow, And grow and grow and grow, and you have to share it with your neighbors, and it's a tropical.

So we have to bring it in and put it on the back porch, but it is a pretty color, and I thought the contrast would be kind of fun.

So.

<Terasa> What's so interesting about that.

We were talking about it before the show is that even though it's called ginger.

It's not in the same family as ginger.

It's in the same family as Spiderwort.

<Amanda> Go figure.

<Terasa> That's right.

<Amanda> Yeah, and, you know what, If we looked it up next week, they might have moved somewhere.

<Terasa> Well, yes.

(both laugh) <Amanda> - because every time you think you've gotten the name down packed, it seems like it gets put somewhere else.

Are they looking at genetic markers or something?

<Terasa> Yes.

Yes.

So as though that technology increases, we learn more about how plants might be related than we thought with without being able to look at the DNA.

<Amanda> Anyway.

Well, Terasa, is there somebody else with a burning question that we can try to help them?

<Terasa> Yes.

Mary Ellen in Chapin has a burning question about pruning.

She said what is the best way to deal with an old shrub that has grown too large and looks a little out of control?

<Amanda> It can happen pretty quick too.

Yeah.

Well, Jackie, you have some advice for this person?

<Jackie> Absolutely.

So when pruning, you can kind of start to look at it and say, okay, I can remove up to a third of the plant material.

<Amanda> That's a good guideline.

<Jackie> Right!

That is a good guideline, and then there are two different cuts that you will use, and when you come in to make your cuts, you want to make sure that you are going further down into the shrub than what the height that you want.

So if you are looking for it to match around the windows or something, you want it at this height, you would certainly come in at least I would say eight, maybe ten inches below that, and then you want to make a varied amount of cuts at various heights because with pruning there are two, like I said, there are two different types of cuts.

So one is called a heading cut and that is where you remove part of the branch.

So when you do that, you're removing that terminal bud, and that controls the flow of hormones on the plant.

<Amanda> Yes.

>> And so in response to removing that terminal bud, the plant will send out and flush out, and so you can kind of direct growth on where you want it.

So use a few of those to kind of fill out lower.

<Amanda> So if...I'm going to make one of those, I don't and I see a bud that's facing outward and I'd like for it to go outward and not inward... so I would cut a little behind that bud because if I cut right at that bud, it might dry it out?

<Jackie> Right, and you want to do it on a 45 degree angle.

<Amanda> Okay.

<Jackie> You know, fairly close to it, but not too much.

<Amanda> Okay.

>> Don't leave a long stub because that becomes a place for, you know, rotting to occur.

An infectious diseases can get in there, and so you'll want to vary a few cuts like that on your shrub, and then there's the second type of cut, which is called a heading cut, and that is where you remove the branch all the way back.

<Amanda> So one of the two cuts since the head and cut and the thinning cut?

<Jackie> Okay, so the heading cut, we're actually removing the entire branch off and based, depending on what the shrub is because you know, you have a lot of shrubs that have a lot of growth from the ground that come up with a lot of suckers or you'll have a lot of thick branches in there.

But going on a three year plan to rejuvenate the shrub, you can come in and you can do some very deep <Amanda> going back to the stem <Jackie> thinning cuts and coming back and removing some very long branches, and what that will do is encourage some new growth a little bit below, and so if you encourage growth all over, instead of just coming in and going (makes sound) and encouraging all the new growth at the top, which shades out the rest of the shrub then causes it to really get thin and bare.

If you come in and remove a good amount deep in the shrub, you really open it up for latent circulation.

You're going to get new leaves growing throughout the entire shrub and it will, over the course of three seasons, you can really reduce that height, and really rejuvenate it.

Now, when what time of year would you recommend that she do that?

<Jackie> Sure.

Absolutely.

You want to do this late winter through oh, really August, mid.

August is actually the latest because when you think of a pruning cut, especially those heading cuts that were cutting part of the branch back, <Amanda> Oh, <Jackie> those spur on new growth.

So it will encourage the plant to put out some new growth, and right now we're in these kind of mild up and down temperatures.

So fall really is the worst time.

Once trees go dormant, you know, once the last other leaves and we're in cooler temperatures.

So I always tell people really December, late December, <Amanda> because we don't want to send out the succulent growth and then have it damaged.

<Jackie> Right.

Right.

Because you want if when you make a cut, you know it'll spur on growth about six weeks after and then you want another 4 to 6 weeks for that growth to harden off before we get a frost or a freeze, because that's where we can see fissures in the bark that causes that dieback.

<Amanda> Yeah.

<Jackie> So, waiting until, you know, definitely growth has stopped though.

January, February, March is ideal, and then when you're talking about plants that bloom, we want to talk about the right timing and when they set those buds.

So if you want to preserve blooms like on your azaleas that bloom on oak wood, you would prune them after they finish blooming.

But if you were looking at something like your oleanders or your crape myrtles that bloom on new wood would you could prune them before they bloom.

<Amanda> I've heard that you can prune your azaleas until the 4th of July.

<Jackie> Yep, >> and they'll have time to set.

<Jackie> They do.

They set them over the summer months, so... <Amanda> - And then again one thing that makes me sad is when people that forsythia and those really early wonderful ones that come up from the base and go out, that evade shape, and sometimes I get people try to make them look like a regular, you know, a different type of shrub, but so try to follow the natural growth pattern.

<Jackie> Definitely, definitely, and that's where varying those cuts will definitely help to preserve that natural shape.

<Amanda> Okay.

Well, I hope that that's going to help our caller.

<Terasa> I am sure it will.

Yeah.

Pruning is challenging, I think, because you sort of have to be able to see into the future what, what do I hope for this plant to look like and then, you know, have the ability to say, well, these types of cuts will result in that growth that I want.

So for me, I just I can't see it.

Some people are talented.

<Jackie> Well, I always tell people, take a few cuts, step back, take a look, take a few cuts, kind of see, you know, if you can visualize with that branch gone we, I used to do hand-selected pruning and worked with somebody where we would go in on Saturdays and we would remove so much plant material, and when you were looking at it when we were done, you couldn't tell because a good pruning job is like a good haircut.

You don't know what happened, but it looks good.

(Amanda laughs) <Amanda> That's a wonderful analogy.

I just love that.

Thank you so much.

<Terasa> That is great advice.

I guess one last tip is that this generally doesn't apply if you - Dead or disease material can come off any time, so you don't have to worry about is it too early or too late.

<Amanda> Well, let's see if we can help someone else.

<Terasa> Sure thing.

This question came in from Vicky along with a picture.

It didn't say where, but I think this is kind of ubiquitous in the state.

Can you tell me what to do with my hydrangea?

I have four that look like this photo.

Lots of spots on the leaves, and Vicky if it makes you feel any better, my hydrangea -I have one in a pot that was, belonged to my grandmother.

It looks like that too.

<Amanda> Carmen, I imagine if you looked at any hydrangeas this time of year when they're getting ready to lose the leaves anyway, that they would probably all look a little like we're tired.

<Carmen> The spots, normally some type of fungus.

It comes standard towards this time of the year, especially hydrangeas no matter what kind of, kind, It's just a part of the fun.

One of the big things a lot of people will try and, you know, work for preventative fungicides, but that is a full time job in and of itself, and you have to do it preventatively.

So you have to know, okay, before the wet and humid season, I'm going to do a whole combination of fungicides, but really just loving on them, making sure that they are happy and that they're not stressed out, and at the end, when those leaves start to fall down, make sure that you're doing proper sanitation so it doesn't, the fungus doesn't build up, and overwinter.

That is probably going to be the key to reducing the quantity of fungus that your hydrangeas will get.

<Amanda> But truthfully, the pathogens are kind of in the air sometimes, too.

So even if you picked up everything, it's just kind of I mean, it's just part of the natural cycle of nature.

<Carmen> Exactly, and as long as the hydrangeas are healthy and happy, that's not going to be the indication.

It's going to be if something, if they start to defoliant early or something like that, the spots on itself, not a big deal.

<Amanda> Okay.

Well, thank you very much.

Isn't nice when you just go, let it go?

All right.

We enjoy it when Mary Vargo comes down.

And last time, Mary is now at the South Carolina Botanical Garden, which is such a treasure.

If you're anywhere up there, do go and take a visit, but Mary is creative, like my guest Carmen today, and she came down and we made a wreath.

My fellow horticulturist and Clemson employee, Mary Vargo is here And Mary, you love to get dry things.

Your yard is so fascinating.

It's full of things.

And when they're in bloom, that's so exciting because they have pollinators all over them, but then you have all this texture of things and you know, we have winter and we have things we'd like to bring inside that don't have to be watered every whipstitch.

So what are we going to do?

<Mary> So today, we're going to make a foraged style wreath <Amanda> Ah!

>> These are, like you said, everything from my yard.

So lots of seed heads, grasses, interesting sticks, a whole assortment of little textural goodies that we're going to create a really nice wreath, a natural looking wreath.

<Amanda> And so I guess you have some grapevine somewhere out there and you've got those together and you've already formed the wreath <Mary> Definitely.

You can use I've used English Ivy vines before to make a wreath base.

<Amanda> A way to get rid of the- <Mary> It is.

It's wonderful.

You sit on a bucket, wrap it around till you get a really nice base.

You can use the Virginia Creeper vines, any kind of vine that's woody and sturdy.

Just don't use poison ivy vines.

<Amanda> There you go.

<Mary> I've gotten poison ivy all over me.

So this is -these are grape vines, and then we're just going to add in a lot of different textures to make it look really nice.

<Amanda> And this one is very compactly made, but they don't have to be quite this compact.

<Mary> Definitely not.

<Amanda> Let's get started.

<Mary> Yeah, I think a looser feel is kind of nice anyways, especially if you're working with ingredients and whatnot that are a little bit more untraditional.

<Amanda> Okay.

<Mary> So you can either wire them in with a lot of these, they have long stems.

So what I'm going to do instead is just probably just kind of poke them in.

So I'm going to I'm going to sort of make a half crescent with these.

I'm going to leave this top there.

<Amanda> Okay.

<Mary> So if you want to hold that up, I think I'm going to grab some of these.

<Amanda> Whoa!

<Mary> These are Oak Leaf hydrangeas.

So I have a huge plant.

<Amanda> One thing I'm going to say is people ...be afraid to take a flower in its entirety and make it less.

If that suits you better, <Mary> Definitely.

If you wanted to make it a little bit smaller, you could take the bottom half off.

I kind of like the chunky feel.

I think it sometimes doesn't work to always have it in certain areas, but I think capping off the ends of this will work really nice.

<Amanda> All right, <Mary> So you can stick it in there if you want to cut the ends off after you're finished.

You can do that along the way.

So I think to balance that out, I'll grab this other one, We'll put it on this side, and then we'll just start adding from there.

So that'll kind of be our starting point.

<Amanda> Okay.

<Mary> Let's see... what else should we...?

<Amanda> That's good because it gives us, we've got to figure how much of the other stuff we put in that's going to relate to this.

<Mary> Absolutely.

<Amanda> Got to be relatable.

<Mary> Yeah, you got to start somewhere.

Sometimes I feel like if you start at the bottom, you can kind of tend to get lost.

<Amanda> I think these are fun.

<Mary> Yeah.

So these are poppy pods that actually a Master Gardener gave me some of these, so I'm kind of happy to be able to use these in different arrangements and they're nice.

I kind of like to stick them in here too, because you can take them out and then you can make little dried arrangements on your table piece or something like that.

I think a lot of times during the holidays there's a lot of wreaths and whatnot you can buy at the store, but it's not exactly sustainable and you can't compost it.

The beauty of this wreath, is that if you decide you're done with it, you can either take these out, reuse the base, or you can throw it in your compost pile.

And you... <Amanda> Voila!

<Mary> It doesn't have to go back into landfill.

You can recycle it.

So that's kind of the beauty of that.

So as I'm adding stuff in and making sure that these sides are mirroring again, you don't have to do that, but this is just kind of how my brain likes to organize things.

So this is some dried yarrow.

They're a really nice textural element in the garden.

You can leave them standing over winter.

The seeds, birds love those, as well.

So I've left some in my garden and then things with a little bit larger stems, sometimes over winter the bees and things will go in there and lay their eggs.

<Mary> Definitely!

<Amanda> And make little chambers in them.

So there's a lot of good reasons to not necessarily cut everything down.

<Mary> Absolutely, I agree.

And it'll recede.

So if you have an area that you're happy to let some of your perennials re-seed, just leave the seed heads on there and you don't have to do any planting for that.

<Amanda> So, this is beautiful and it's going to lighten this.

I think we need some lighter colors in there.

So what is this?

<Mary> So this is, they call it money plant.

It's Lunaria.

So it makes this beautiful sleek is the technical term for that seed casing or the seed pod, but it's got sort of a papery feel to the seed pod.

But if you rub it between your fingers, it comes off and then you've got this beautiful textural sort of curly color to it.

So it's a really, really fun element to play with.

And wreaths or little other kind of arrangements.

Just kind of nip that off.

<Amanda> All right.

<Mary> Okay.

Let's see.

What else should we add?

I've got some nice rudbeckia that I think looks really nice.

And we can add another little circular element in here.

<Amanda> And of course, if you leave it in the gardens before, I think the seed hasn't fallen out of this, or it was quite mature.

What a great way to have it seed down.

And also I think the finches particularly like <Mary> -they would love it.

Yes, they absolutely love it.

So it's kind of fun to leave a lot of them up in your garden.

So this is mother wort, beautiful architecture Once the flower stalk kind of dries down, but it's gorgeous in the spring when it's flowering, it's a pretty purple and pollinators absolutely adore it.

Lots of seeds probably are still in here.

You could probably still see some of them or rub your fingers and see a bunch of them fall out.

So maybe leave this wreath outdoors or you'll have lots of seeds inside.

But that's not always a bad thing.

You can always vacuum them up.

<Amanda> All right, Mary, what should happen next?

<Mary> I think we should use some of those little sticks that came off my daylilies.

You're were kind of talking about those earlier.

Aren't they fun?

<Amanda> They are fun.

<Mary> Yeah, we were thinking that, you can even use them as an arrangement.

And if you had a like a table because you could see through them, they're not blocking the view.

<Amanda> Of course.

<Mary> So I think those will be kind of fun to add as another little element right here.

<Amanda> Since, I'm sure it's important to make sure you can see through some things at the table <Mary> Well, it depends on who you're dinner guests are maybe (laughing) maybe you don't want to be able to <Amanda>If you want to obscure the person you use something else.

<Mary> Exactly.

Okay, let's see.

So I think we need to bulk with some more of this stuff.

I've got my little clippers here and I'll probably wire in a couple of branches or so.

So let's see.

I think that looks kind of nice.

Oh, more green in.

<Amanda> Yes.

Very much.

<Mary> Little poppy pods.

And then we can always clip off stems at the end.

This is a great way to I don't know, do something with people who are very visiting for the holidays, maybe make some more wreaths, see what's blooming.

<Amanda> Yeah, <Mary> Yeah.

It's really fun.

<Amanda> And if you had children, I mean this doesn't cost anything.

It's not like- <Mary> not at all.

<Amanda> A lot of flowers or anything so, you know, and it's, you know, they're not fake flowers.

<Mary> Exactly.

<Amanda> They're so much fake stuff at the holidays, as you were saying.

<Mary> And if you want to keep them outside, you know, a lot of I feel like the wreaths made better at other, from other suppliers, they might have some invasive plants in there.

So these if you do leave them outside and birds decide to take some of them, <Amanda> Yeah.

<Mary> because I have a little wren that loves to nest in some of my wreaths <Amanda> Does she really?

<Mary> Oh yeah.

She does.

She loves it.

<Amanda> What a sweetheart.

<Mary> So it's kind of fun to see some of these elements be used in in her little nest.

And then if they spread, they're not harmful to my landscape.

So, even another reason to do that.

So, yeah I save all sorts of bits and bobbles from my garden and kind of stack them up all year with an intention of of decorating with them, or I can add them in fresh bouquets.

<Amanda> It's like you said, if you don't use them this year, you can use them next year.

<Mary> Exactly.

Yeah.

They work really nicely actually.

Use some more of that Lunaria... <Amanda> And then you said you rubbed it to get it down to this state?

<Mary> Definitely.

You can rub it or you can peel it.

So usually what I do, it doesn't have that beautiful glossy look to it when it's first formed, You have to rub both of the sides and then that papery sheen comes off.

So it's kind of nice.

<Amanda> It's almost iridescent.

<Mary> It's so pretty when it catches the light.

<Amanda> Yes.

Oh, I'm getting so excited.

This is just looking beautiful.

<Mary> It's got a natural feel to it.

And then you can feel good, that all of it came from your landscape.

(laughing) And it smells kind of nice, too.

I've got some of this mountain mint that I'm putting in here.

<Amanda> Pycnanthemum?

<Mary> Pycnanthemum.

Yeah.

<Amanda> And there's so many different kinds, and it says mountain mint, but I don't think you have to be anywhere near the mountains to have one grow in your yard and it's very vigorous.

<Mary> Definitely <Amanda> In a good way.

<Mary> I have three different species.

I have the Pycnanthemum virginianum, the muticum, and then there's a tenuifolium that I grow in my landscape and they're all pollinators <Amanda> Mary's landscape is how many square feet would we perhaps think...?

<Mary> Gosh.

<Amanda> A lot of people have tomato plots bigger than your whole yard, but you probably have 10,000 plants <Mary> I plant very densely, and that's kind of a good way to keep weeds out, too.

I mean, you know that I have lots of weeds, <Amanda> But we all do.

<Mary> Yeah.

<Amanda> Then some of the things that other people think are weeds, we don't.

<Mary> No, exactly.

And sometimes, you know, weeding isn't always such a bad thing.

Like, we were talking <Amanda>Then you got some...?

<Mary> So this is some dill.

<Amanda> Dill?

<Mary> No, sorry.

This is bronze fennel.

<Amanda> Yeah, yeah.

<Mary> So I cut this Just yesterday.

I had some swallowtail caterpillars actually feeding on a bunch of this.

<Amanda> Did you?

Fun.

Fun.

Fun.

<Mary> It's kind of fun to be able to see them come in.

<Amanda> And, you know, when we're looking at these things as they're drying, this one has some blue green aspects to it.

<Mary> Definitely does.

<Amanda> A lot of times you have to stop and look at something up close.

You know, that's when you're just getting the whole vista in your mind.

You don't see all the intricacies and you know, the intricacies are fun.

<Mary> It is.

<Amanda> I don't take lots of fancy trips I don't take any.

Well, but you know, but you can take trips just by stopping and looking more intently at what's around you.

<Mary> Absolutely.

I mean, even just regular stems can be beautiful, I think, if it rains just nicely.

But, you know, you just got to get out there and see what's beautiful to you.

Maybe what's beautiful to me isn't what's beautiful to you, but That's what makes the world go round.

We're all different.

<Amanda> Sure does.

Yeah.

<Mary> Okay, let's see.

What else should we add in here?

I was thinking about wiring in a branch or so.

I've got this really nice <Amanda> Lichen colored.

<Mary>This is a branch.

>> Yeah.

<Mary> So sometimes I'll just break it to make it a little bit smaller.

So I'll use some of this green wire <Amanda>And show them how you're supposed to cut wire.

<Mary> Yeah.

So on the Felco and a lot of other different- <Amanda> A lot of other good.

<Mary> There's a little notch right here that you're supposed to cut your wire with.

<Amanda> It really does make a difference because otherwise you'll get kind of nicks and your blade and it won't give you clear, clean cuts.

<Mary> You're right.

And then you're going to have to keep, you're going to have to keep sharpening that, and that can sometimes be the last thing- <Amanda> If you haven't lost them.

<Mary> If you haven't lost them <Amanda> -all the time.

Yeah.

They make them red for a reason.

<Mary> Yeah, that's exactly what I was about to say.

I know some people will paint their tools bright colors to not lose them in their garden because I do have some brown looking tools that I will then dig up later in the season and forget that they're there, but let's see.

<Amanda> I found a pair of scissors or something that have been out there for five or six years and they're so beautifully rusted that I hung them on the wall.

<Mary> Oh, gorgeous!

<Amanda> That's because I mean, they're an artifact.

<Mary> They really are at that point.

So I'm just going to twist that at the bottom.

<Amanda> Oh, that just punctuates it.

<Mary> It does.

It accents.

<Amanda> Aren't you clever?

<Mary>Accents, the rest of that.

And let's see, let's just add in a little bit more supporting elements around it and then we'll see.

<Amanda> So you really have a wren nest in these?

<Mary> I have and you know, wrens will make their nests in almost about anything.

<Amanda> I found them in a boot that we, like a rain boot that I left out in the garden shed and I went out said, 'You stubborn...' <Mary> Yeah.

<Amanda> And then they used to always be in mailboxes.

or the paper box.

<Mary> Oh my gosh I've had them in my greenhouse so they'll nest in pots, empty pots that I have in there.

Okay, let's look at that and let's see what else we might want to add.

Oh, think that looks actually really nice.

<Amanda> I do, too.

<Mary> So I would say maybe our work is kind of done.

You can always fill it in, but I think the half crescent works a little bit better and then you can tie a piece of twine or so and then hang it up.

<Amanda> We had some feathers, and so I'm going to say you <Mary> Let's add those in there, too.

Yeah.

<Amanda> I mean, just because it's they're still, that is the natural world.

<Mary> It does, Yeah.

<Amanda> We've been talking about the birds who might use this, and be attracted to it, and I don't think they'll be too far an element, do you?

<Mary> Definitely not.

Let's see who you add two on this side and then two on that <Amanda> -and also you're expanding the the surrounds of this, and I think it gives it a little more ummph for sure.

<Mary> Let's see.

What do you think?

I think that its ready to hang on the door.

<Mary> Yeah.

<Amanda> I would come and knock on the door and say may I come in?

<Mary> If you were a bird, would you nest in that too?

<Amanda> I think I might, yeah.

Oh, this has been just wonderful.

<Mary> Awesome.

Well, thanks for having me.

<Amanda> Okay.

Mary loves to put things together.

Kind of like you do, Carmen.

And she's at the Botanical Garden, but Mary said that she could come back and be with us some on the set, and we're going to go up and visit her some up there.

If you're near the South Carolina Botanical Garden, do stop.

It is just a marvel.

Beautiful, beautiful, beautiful.

And it has actually they have replicated all the different little ecosystems of the state, the maritime forest at the longleaf forest and the upland prairie.

It's just stunning how they've managed to do all that.

It's like taking what did we call it, a virtual field trip?

<Terasa> Yes, it's a great way to see those plant communities and how some plants can be so specific to different site conditions.

<Amanda> Yeah.

Yeah.

Just like this thing on my head, sandy, sandy, sandy.

Not many things would like that, but something is going to find a way.

Well, let's see if we can help somebody else.

<Terasa> Sure thing.

Danny in Kershaw is hoping that we can help him.

He said I have a weed that is growing everywhere in my yard and flowerbeds.

I dug some up and found there's a strange looking white structure.

What is it and how do I eliminate it?

Awwe poor... <Amanda> I know.

Move.

(laughing) Jackie.

Let's see if we can give him some encouragement.

<Jackie> Sure.

So, unfortunately, this sounds like it's Florida betony.

Those white structures are tuberous roots that make this weed one of our winter perennial weeds.

<Amanda> And I think some people call it rattlesnake plantain.

<Jackie> They do.

They do.

Because of that.

that long white thing... <Amanda> Tubey looking.

So this weed likes cooler temperatures, so it starts to emerge about end of September, beginning of October, you'll see it come up.

And because it is perennial, it grows from those underground rhizomes as storage roots.

So this unfortunately, one that's not easily controlled with using mulch or hand pulling.

This is one where I typically suggest that you use some herbicides, right?

So using one of the three way mixes that contains 2,4-D Dicamba and Mecoprop or MCPP works very well, especially around the holidays.

So if you can go out there around Thanksgiving and do your first application and then usually come back about two weeks later, two, three weeks later and do a second application that can give you fairly good control.

<Amanda> So is that something you could use if it were in the turf area?

<Jackie> It is so that is safe for most of your warm season.

Now there are, there are some herbicides that will say for warm season lawns and that'll be safe on Saint Augustine and Centipede.

<Amanda> Okay.

<Jackie> The full strength is safe on your bermuda and your zoysia and you can also use that in your tall fescue if you have it.

<Amanda> So you really have to read it and dilute it appropriately for the type of grass you have.

<Jackie> Right.

<Amanda> But this isn't what we're going to use in a flower bed.

This is <Jackie> No.

Absolutely not.

And so one of the best things to use in your flower beds is glyphosate, and they'll they make these ones that have a sponge applicator attached at the bottom.

So it makes it much easier just to touch to the weed itself.

<Amanda> Uh huh.

<Jackie>But the glyphosate works very well because that translocates down into that root system, Depending on how severe your infestation is, this is not something you can get rid of in one season, but with work and consistency you can get it under control.

<Carmen> One of my questions is I will say that sometimes I wait until they're about a foot tall because they can get pretty tall and leggy.

Can I still apply the herbicide then?

<Jackie> You definitely can.

You definitely can, because the glyphosate works well up until it begins to flower.

<Amanda> Oh, Oh, okay.

<Carmen> Because that's... a lot of the times when I go on a site visit, people don't call <Amanda>-until it really gets out of hand.

<Carmen> Big, and it'll get nice and big for that.

<Jackie> Yeah.

<Carmen> Yeah.

<Amanda>So it doesn't have to be when it's in that tender, tender, succulent stage?

<Jackie> No, now the 2,4-D, the MCP, Mecoprop and Dicamba mix.

The 3-way mixes, do work much better when the weeds are smaller.

So if you have it out in your lawn, it should be a little bit easier to spot instead of in your...beds that you want it to start around right around Thanksgiving.

<Amanda> Okay.

<Jackie> And then do another treatment.

Follow up.

In December, the glyphosate works much better as the plant matures because it has to do with the movement of the flow going down.

So as that storage unit is building up, as it gets ready to go into that summer dormancy, you get much better results with the glyphosate.

<Amanda> Goodness gracious.

Well, well, Terasa I think we these gals have helped us help a lot of people today.

<Terasa> Lots of great infor- mation.

<Amanda> Yeah.

Yeah.

I hope that you all think that you got a lot from watching the show tonight and we hope that you'll be with us next week right here on Making It Grow.

♪ closing music ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ Making It Grow is brought to you in part by Certified South Carolina is a cooperative effort among farmers, retailers and the South Carolina Department of Agriculture to help consumers identify foods and agricultural products that are grown, harvested or raised right here in the Palmetto State.

The Boyd Foundation supporting outdoor recreational opportunities, the appreciation of wildlife, educational programs and enhancing the quality of life in Columbia, South Carolina and the Midlands at large.

McLeod Farms in McBee, South Carolina.

Family owned and operated since 1916.

This family farm offers seasonal produce, including over 40 varieties of peaches.

Additional funding provided by the South Carolina Farm Bureau Federation and Farm Bureau Insurance and Boone Hall Farms.