-This program was made possible in part by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, a private corporation funded by the American people.

Additional funding was provided by the Peter G. Peterson and Joan Ganz Cooney Fund and the Pine Tree Foundation of New York.

-♪ "Camp TV" ♪ ♪ It's time for us to start ♪ ♪ From furry animal encounters ♪ ♪ To summer reading and the arts ♪ ♪ No matter what the weather ♪ ♪ We'll explore it all together ♪ ♪ It's a place for you and me ♪ ♪ It's "Camp TV" ♪ Hi, and welcome to "Camp TV."

I ask you, is there anything more magical in nature than rainbows?

Oh, there's just something about them.

I love it when the rain clears, the sun peeks out, and there it is, seemingly out of nowhere -- a big, beautiful, colorful arch in the sky.

You have to be lucky to see one.

But when you do, wow.

There's nothing quite like it.

Rainbows have inspired countless fairy tales, songs, and works of art.

They're also a symbol of hope, celebration, and pride in many cultures and communities.

For me, it is undeniable.

Rainbows just make me happy.

Kind of like hanging out with you.

So without further ado, welcome to Rainbow Day on "Camp TV."

See you after your first few activities.

A little birdie told me it's time to Go Wild.

♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ Curiosity and wonder.

Let's discover together.

It's Science Wow!

-Hi, my name is Ginny Quaney, and I am an educator performer at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science.

We are going to be creating a water rainbow.

A walking water rainbow, which sounds pretty cool.

One, two, three, four, five, six.

There's all six of them.

And here I have my food coloring.

You can also use, if you have some at home, water color mixing colors.

Those work just as well as food coloring.

So what I'm going to do is I'm going to put red in the first glass.

I am going to put yellow -- I'm going to skip a glass, as you might be able to figure out why and put yellow in the third glass.

I'm using a couple of drops of food coloring.

That's usually enough.

And then I'm going to put blue in the fifth glass.

One, two, three.

What I'm going to do with the water is I'm only going to fill the glasses that have the food coloring in them.

And I'm going to fill them as close to the top as possible.

This makes the experiment go a little bit quicker.

So I'm going to fill each one pretty much to the top.

Now, some people do this in a circle, and in a second you'll see why once we start mixing.

You know what?

My red looks a bit orange.

I'm going to add a little bit more to make sure that it is really red and not orange.

Okay, that's red.

I promise it's red.

Sometimes things look a little different on video.

All right.

So what we're going to do next is we're going to take our paper towels and I'm going to take the half sheet that I have, and I have three of them, and I'm going to tear it in half.

All right?

And then I'm going to take that half and fold it as many times as I can.

All right?

And I'm going to fold it like this.

And I'm going to do that with every single one that I have.

All right?

You want it to be pretty thick.

This will help the experiment move pretty quickly.

All right?

So what we're going to do once we have our paper towels like this is we are going to put one end in the empty cup and one end in the full cup.

All right?

And we're going to do this.

You can see already it's moving pretty fast and we're going to do the same thing with the yellow right here.

And we're going to put empty, put it in the yellow.

You may be able to see or figure out what is going to happen here pretty quick.

All right.

So as you can see, the water is going up and being soaked up by the paper towels.

And as it's as the paper towels, soak them up, it's dripping, it's leaking into the empty cup next to it.

And you can see it's happening with the yellow and the blue as well.

Now, what's pretty cool about this is when you have the yellow going this way and the red going this way, what is that going to make?

And you're starting to see the rainbow here, which is pretty fun.

So this may take a little while depending on the material that you're using for the soaking up.

Um, you can see that my orange one, which is the one that's been going the longest, is going pretty fast.

The green one is has a little bit more and obviously the blue one has half as much water going into it because it doesn't have the other side.

But if you do these in a circle, you will be able to see the red plus the blue and make the purple.

Why is that happening?

The reason is is this really cool effect.

It's called the capillary effect or capillary action.

Capillaries are the itty bitty, teeny, tiny, very thin, sometimes microscopic blood vessels in our body.

And since blood is mostly water, this is how blood moves through those teeny tiny capillaries.

It's also how water moves from the roots of a plant all the way up to the top.

You would think it wouldn't be able to because gravity, right?

Gravity is pulling water down.

Well, this cool effect, what happens is the water, if you can see a little bit here, if you have a glass or a root or something, what happens is that the water will start to adhere.

It'll start to stick to the sides or whatever fiber it is that is in the water.

In this case, it's those paper towels.

So the water starts to stick to the paper towels.

But water also likes to stick to itself, too.

And so what you'll see is these water droplets start to climb, and they'll climb by sticking to the sides and each other, going up and up and up.

And what you will see is you will find your rainbow occurring until all the glasses are even.

Once the glasses are even, the paper towels are completely soaked through.

There's not really any place for the water to go.

Now I'm going to show you what happens if you want to do this sort of in a circle style, which I think is pretty cool and I encourage you to give it a try.

And I will put another paper towel in here so that you can see the purple go.

There's the blue.

There's the red.

And as you can see, since the red is higher up.

It's going much quicker.

And you'll be able to see the red go into the purple.

Let me show you what it looks like from the top.

It looks pretty cool.

And you can definitely see this rainbow happening.

Thanks for joining me.

-Curiosity and wonder.

Let's discover together.

It's Science Wow!

-♪ R is for red ♪ ♪ O is for orange ♪ ♪ Y is for yellow ♪ ♪ And G is for green ♪ ♪ B is for blue ♪ ♪ I for indigo ♪ ♪ V is for violet ♪ ♪ That spells Roy G. Biv ♪ ♪ Roy G. Biv is a colorful man ♪ ♪ And he proudly stands at the rainbow's end ♪ ♪ Roy G. Biv is a colorful man ♪ ♪ And his name spells out the whole color spectrum ♪ ♪ Roy G. Biv is a colorful man ♪ ♪ And he proudly stands at the rainbow's end ♪ ♪ Roy G. Biv is a colorful man ♪ ♪ And his name spells out the whole color spectrum ♪ ♪ I've never seen a unicorn ♪ ♪ But I've seen a rainbow ♪ ♪ And in every rainbow ♪ ♪ Is the spectrum of light ♪ ♪ I've never seen Roy G. Biv ♪ ♪ But he's inside the rainbow ♪ ♪ His name spells all the rainbow ♪ ♪ Colors you see ♪ ♪ R is for red ♪ ♪ O is for orange ♪ ♪ Y is for yellow ♪ ♪ And G is for green ♪ ♪ B is for blue ♪ ♪ I for indigo ♪ ♪ V is for violet ♪ ♪ That spells Roy G. Biv ♪ ♪ Roy G. Biv is a colorful man ♪ ♪ And he proudly stands at the rainbow's end ♪ ♪ Roy G. Biv is a colorful man ♪ ♪ And his name spells out the whole color spectrum ♪ ♪ Roy G Biv is a colorful man ♪ ♪ And he proudly stands at the rainbow's end ♪ ♪ Roy G. Biv is a colorful man ♪ ♪ And his name spells out the whole color spectrum ♪ -Curiosity and wonder.

Let's discover together.

It's Science Wow!

-Why is the sky blue?

In the middle of a bright, sunny day, the sky is usually a shade of blue.

Why blue and not purple, green, or orange?

Well, it's all because of how the sun's light reaches earth.

If you see light from the sun hitting the ground, it probably looks like plain white light.

However, that white light is made up of all the colors of the rainbow.

You can actually separate and see all these colors if you shine sunlight through a specially shaped crystal called a prism.

Light energy travels in waves, and different colors of light are created by different types of waves.

For example, when our eyes recognize the color red, what we're actually seeing is long, stretched-out light waves with peaks that are far apart.

And when our eyes recognize the color blue, we're really seeing shorter, choppier light waves with peaks that are close together.

The different colors of light are all determined by how stretched out the light waves are.

Together, all the colors make up the spectrum of visible light -- the light we can see.

So why do we only see blue light when we look up into the sky on a sunny day?

That blue color we see comes from sunlight hitting Earth's atmosphere, a layer of gases that gives us air to breathe and keeps the planet warm enough to live on.

When sunlight reaches Earth's atmosphere, it is scattered in all directions by the gases in the air.

The types of gases in Earth's atmosphere mostly scatter the shorter, choppier waves of blue light.

So when we see a blue sky, we're really just seeing all of those blue light waves scattering in our atmosphere.

But wait a minute.

Why is the sky a different color at sunset?

Well, as the sun gets lower in the sky, its light is passing through more of the atmosphere to reach you.

So even more of the blue light is scattered away before it gets to you.

This allows more of the orange and yellow light to pass straight through the atmosphere and directly to your eyes.

However, if the whole sky is glowing red, it could be due to particles of dust, pollution, or smoke in the air.

These particles also scatter lots of blue light, which can lead to a very red sky.

NASA's Earth-observing satellites monitor how many of these particles, called aerosols, are in our air.

The information from these satellites help forecasters keep an eye out on particles in the air and make sure the air is safe to breathe.

In general, a blue sky is good news.

And now you know why.

-Welcome back to Rainbow Day on "Camp TV."

Having fun so far?

Well, your day is about to get more colorful.

Who's ready for a... Zach Challenge?

I will have 15 seconds to try and sweep all these rainbow-colored balloons into this hula-hoop.

15 seconds on the clock.

Stretched and ready to go.

Let's do this.

-Three, two, one.

-Okay, go, go, go, go.

Get in there.

Get in.

Oh.

Oh, no.

They want to go.

Okay.

Oh, no.

Go, go, go.

Go!

So close.

Oh, my gosh.

Oh.

[ Buzzer ] Ohhh!

Rats.

So close.

Looks like I have some more practicing to do.

But an added benefit -- my floors are all clean.

An unexpected victory.

See you after your next few activities.

Who's ready for a Field Trip?

-Hi.

Emily here admiring the beautiful colors bursting from the trees here at BBG.

Yellow, purple, red, brown, orange, and some a mix of several different colors.

Every fall, the leaves put on a spectacular show of color.

The green color in leaves comes from chlorophyll, which allows plants to turn sunlight into food through photosynthesis.

In fall, trees can sense that the days are getting shorter and the temperatures are getting colder.

To prepare for this change, trees start to lose their chlorophyll and other plant pigments.

Here are a few different examples of trees that you can see during your visit at Brooklyn Botanic Garden.

This is a Sassafras tree at the Discovery Garden.

How many different colors can you see on this tree?

You can identify Sassafras by three unique leaf shapes on the same tree -- a mitten, a football, and a ghost.

This is an eastern redbud, also in the Discovery Garden.

A fun fact about this tree is that some species of bats like to sleep inside the tree in the fall.

Remember that chlorophyll is our green pigment and xanthophyll is our yellow pigment.

Can you say xanthophyll?

This is a Japanese maple found in the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden.

This tree has some of the brightest red leaves of all the trees at the Garden.

Here is the leaf of the Japanese maple as well as the fruit, called a samara.

Can you find the seeds?

Good luck.

-Ready for some math that counts?

Count On.

-Hi, everyone.

My name is Norah, and I'm going to show you one of my favorite math games to play at home.

Let's have a fraction race.

But first, before we get started, do you know what a fraction is?

A fraction means a part of a whole.

Some examples are 1/2, 1/3, or 2/5.

When you see a fraction, it looks like two numbers stacked on top of each other with a line in the middle.

The top number is called the numerator, and the bottom number is called the denominator.

We'll use both in our game.

Now, to play, we're going to need to collect 12 objects.

I'll be right back.

Okay, I found 12 buttons that I'm going to use for today's game.

Let's count them just to make sure.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.

Perfect.

You're also going to need some paper and something to write with.

Paper, marker.

And then if you have two small bowls or cups or something, those would be great too.

But you don't need these to play the game.

First, I'm going to start by tearing off two small pieces of my paper.

I'm going to write 1 on one piece of paper and 2 on the other piece.

Now you can fold these up and put them in one of your bowls.

If you don't have a bowl, you can just put these in a pile together off to the side.

Now, I'm going to need a few more pieces of paper.

Let's say...four.

On these pieces of paper.

I'm going to write the numbers 2, 3, 4, and 6.

Now I'm going to fold these up too, and put them in my other bowl.

So my first bowl with the numbers one and two in it, these are going to be my numerators.

Remember, the numerator is the top number in the fraction.

My second bowl, where I put 2, 3, 4, and 6, that's going to be my denominators.

That's the bottom number of our fractions.

Now let's play the game.

I'm going to pick one number from my numerator pile and one number from my denominator pile for each round.

Then I put the two numbers together to make a fraction.

For example, if I draw the number... 1 for my numerator and the number... 3 for my denominator, then I put these two together, numerator on top, denominator on the bottom, and I get 1/3 for my fraction.

Now it's a race to see how fast I can put together 1/3 of my buttons.

So if I need 1/3 of my 12 buttons, I need to divide all 12 into three equal groups.

I know this because that's what my denominator tells me.

It tells me how many groups I need to make.

Okay.

Now, if I take just one of these piles, I know to take just one because my numerator tells me how many of these groups I need to make my fraction.

So I take just one.

And this group of one, two, three, four equals 1/3 of my total 12 buttons.

Let's try one more.

This time, if I draw 2 for my numerator, let's see what I get for my denominator.

6 for my denominator.

So I'm going to put it together the same way with my numerator on top and my denominator on the bottom.

So I get the fraction 2/6.

So let's look at the denominator first.

I need to make six equal groups.

Okay, I've made six groups.

Now I look at my numerator, and how many of those groups do I need?

I need two.

So I can take one, two of those groups and now I have one, two, three, four buttons.

And that equals 2/6 of my total 12.

Hey, wait a second.

I had four buttons last time too.

Looks like 2/6 is the same amount as 1/3 of my buttons.

You can play this game by yourself using a timer.

Or you can race against a friend to see who can make the fractions faster.

See how many fast fractions you can build.

See you next time.

Bye.

-Arts and crafts?

Yes, please.

Let's Get Artsy.

-Hi, everyone.

It's Mackie at CMA.

Join us for a homemade habitat challenge.

A habitat is a natural home for a plant or an animal.

In an animal's habitat, they have everything they need -- food, shelter, water, and space.

In our human habitats, our homes, we also have things that we want, like books, games, and fun things to do.

For this challenge, ask family members to find their favorite toy and use objects from around the house to create their own homemade habitat.

Use your imagination to turn unexpected objects into important parts of your habitat scene.

For example, I turned this cotton ball into a pillow, this book into a camping tent, and this embroidery thread into a river.

Tour each family member's finished habitat with your toy as your guide.

-Hi, and welcome back.

You know what I need?

Rainbows.

And after that, more rainbows.

Just can't get enough.

But since they're tricky to catch, I thought we'd make one of our own.

Get ready, party rainbow people.

It's time to make a rainbow window decoration.

You will need some card stock, tissue paper in white and ROYGBIV colors, scissors, glue, some tape, and a window.

To begin, cut out a heart shape or any shape you would like to fill.

♪♪ Next, cut out the inside and glue white tissue paper to the underside.

♪♪ ♪♪ Next, cut strips of rainbow-colored tissue paper, layering them side by side, building your rainbow.

♪♪ ♪♪ Once they're all glued in place, trim off the excess tissue paper.

Tape the heart to your window, and there you have it.

So pretty, huh?

Here's to celebrating all love, no matter the shape, size, form, or color.

♪♪ ♪ "Camp TV" ♪ ♪ It's time for us to part ♪ ♪ From furry animal encounters ♪ ♪ To summer reading and the arts ♪ ♪ No matter what the weather ♪ ♪ We'll explore it all together ♪ ♪ It's a place for you and me ♪ ♪ It's "Camp TV" ♪ -This program was made possible in part by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, a private corporation funded by the American people.

Additional funding was provided by the Peter G. Peterson and Joan Ganz Cooney Fund and the Pine Tree Foundation of New York.

Content provided by these institutions.

♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪