GOOD EVENING.

I'M PSYCHIATRIST JAY FAUVER LIVE FROM FORT WAYNE, INDIANA.

WELCOME TO MATTERS OF THE MIND NOW.

IT'S TWENTY SECOND YEAR MATTERS OF THE MIND IS A LIVE CALL IN PROGRAM WHERE YOU HAVE THE CHANCE TO CHOOSE A TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION.

SO IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS CONCERNING MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES, GIVE ME A CALL HERE AT FORT WAYNE BY DIALING IN THE FORT WAYNE AREA NINE SIX NINE TWO SEVEN TWO ZERO OR IF YOU'RE CALLING ANY PLACE ELSE COAST TO COAST YOU MAY CALL TOLL FREE AT EIGHT SIX SIX NINE SIX NINE TO SEVEN TO ZERO.

NOW ON A FAIRLY REGULAR BASIS WE ARE BROADCASTING LIVE EVERY MONDAY NIGHT IN THE SHADOWS OF THE PURDUE UNIVERSITY FORT WAYNE CAMPUS.

AND IF YOU'D LIKE TO CONTACT ME WITH AN EMAIL QUESTION THAT I CAN ANSWER ON THE AIR, YOU MAY WRITE ME A VIA THE INTERNET AT MATTERS OF THE MIND ALL ONE WORD AT WFA ORG THAT'S MATTERS OF THE MIND AT A DOG AND I'LL START TONIGHT'S PROGRAM WITH A QUESTION I RECENTLY RECEIVED.

IT READS DEAR DEAR FATHER, I AM IN A PSYCHOLOGY CLASS AND I'M TRYING TO UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RESILIENCE AND VULNERABILITY.

HOW DO WE DEVELOP BETTER RESILIENCE AND SHOULD WE JUST AVOID AS MUCH STRESS AS POSSIBLE?

THAT'S A VERY GOOD QUESTION FOR A PSYCHOLOGY CLASS.

SO I'M GOING TO TRY TO HELP YOU WITH YOUR HOMEWORK HERE.

VULNERABILITY IS BASICALLY WHERE YOU'RE HAVING TROUBLE PUTTING UP A STUFF.

ALL RIGHT.

SO YOU GET UNDER SOME STRESS WHICH IS BASICALLY A CHANGE IN YOUR LIFE AND THAT STRESS OVERWHELMS YOU.

YOU CAN'T SLEEP, YOU CAN'T CONCENTRATE.

YOU DON'T PROPERLY AND AWAY YOU GO.

YOU HAVE TROUBLE WITH CONCENTRATION.

THAT'S VULNERABILITY WHERE YOU COLLAPSE UNDER PRESSURE.

RESILIENCE IS JUST THE OPPOSITE RESILING IS WHERE YOU CAN PUT UP WITH STUFF BETTER AND YOU'LL NOTICE THAT AS YOU ENDURE MORE STRESS AND YOU LEARN TO COPE BETTER OVER THE COURSE OF TIME YOU CAN PUT UP WITH STUFF BETTER.

SO RESILIENCE AND VULNERABILITY ARE JUST THE OPPOSITE.

NOW YOU ASKED WELL GEE SHOULD WE JUST AVOID ALL STRESS?

THAT'S LIKE AVOIDING ALL EXERCISE.

ALL RIGHT.

SO IF YOU AVOID EXERCISE AND YOU BASICALLY MADE YOURSELF SITTING FROM A COUCH IN A COUCH ALL DAY OR REMAIN BEDRIDDEN, YOU'D NOTICE THAT YOUR MUSCLES GOT SMALLER AND SMALLER.

WE CALL THAT ATROPHY OF THE MUSCLES IN THE SAME WAY IF YOU AVOID ALL STRESS AND DO ALL YOU CAN TO AVOID NEW THINGS OR NEW CHALLENGES OR CHANGES IN YOUR LIFE IF YOU TRY TO AVOID THINGS YOU WILL GET WELL MORE EASILY VULNERABLE AND YOU'LL HAVE DIFFICULTY WITH THAT RESILIENCE BECAUSE YOU WON'T LEARN COPING STRATEGIES.

WE GET CONFIDENCE AND WE GAIN OPTIMISM BY SUCCESSFULLY TACKLING NEW CHALLENGES SO WE OFTEN NEED TO, YOU KNOW, PUT UP WITH THESE DIFFERENT THINGS WE HAVE TO ENDURE EVERY DAY SHOULD BE EXCITING FOR US AND IN ITS OWN WAY.

AND IF YOU DON'T HAVE YOU HAVE A PHENOMENON THAT OCCURRED WITH THE CHARACTER THE BILL MURRAY PLAYED BACK OH 20 YEARS AGO IS IN A MOVIE CALLED GROUNDHOG DAY.

IT'S A NICE MOVIE.

IT KIND OF SHOWED WHAT IT COULD BE LIKE IF EVERY DAY WAS EXACTLY THE SAME HAD THE SAME PREDICTABILITY.

YOU GET PRETTY BORED AND IT WAS WELL WRITTEN MOVIE IN THAT REGARD BECAUSE IF EVERY DAY IS THE SAME YOUR LIFE WOULD GET REALLY BORING AND YOU WOULDN'T BE ABLE TO DEAL WITH NEW CHALLENGES AND THAT'S LIKE NOT EXERCISING.

SO WE NEED TO EXERCISE OUR BRAINS WITH NEW CHALLENGES AND NEW STRESSES AND NEW CHANGES THE BEST WAY POSSIBLE BUT YET NOT BE OVERWHELMED.

SO WE NEED TO BE ABLE TO DEAL WITH THE THINGS TO THE DEGREE THAT WE CAN SO WITH THAT BEING SAID, AS WE GET OLDER YOU WANT TO START LEARNING NEW THINGS AND MAINTAIN A CHALLENGING TYPE OF LIFESTYLE BECAUSE THAT ACTUALLY IS A PREVENTATIVE FOR DEMENTIA AS WE GET OLDER AND WE HAVE A GREATER VULNERABILITY TO DEMENTIA AND MEMORY DISTURBANCES, YOU'LL FIND THAT AS YOU LEARN NEW THINGS EVEN IF YOU'RE RETIRED, STILL LEARNING NEW THINGS SOME PEOPLE WILL LEARN A NEW LANGUAGE.

SOME PEOPLE WILL LEARN A MUSICAL INSTRUMENT AFTER THEY'RE RETIRE THEY'LL EVEN GO TO A DIFFERENT TYPE OF JOB BECAUSE WE NEED TO STILL BE CHALLENGED AND LEARN NEW THINGS TO BE ABLE TO DECREASE THE LIKELIHOOD OF DEMENTIA SOCIALIZING BEING AROUND PEOPLE IS ALWAYS A CHALLENGE IN ITS OWN WAY AND THAT'S ACTUALLY ANOTHER PREVENTATIVE FOR DEMENTIA ITSELF.

SO RESILIENCE IS BASICALLY WHERE YOU'RE LEARNING TO PUT UP WITH THINGS.

YOU'RE DEALING WITH STRESS AS IT OCCURS AND IF YOU FEEL OVERWHELMED THAT'S WHERE YOU ARE VULNERABLE.

WHEN YOU'RE VULNERABLE YOU'LL NOTICE USUALLY THE FIRST THING THAT GOES FOR SOMEBODY WILL BE THEY'LL HAVE DIFFICULTY WITH SLEEPING.

SO NIGHT AFTER NIGHT AFTER NIGHT IF YOU'RE HAVING TROUBLE GOING TO SLEEP STAYING ASLEEP OR YOU'RE AWAKENING IN THE EARLY MORNING HOURS, THAT USUALLY IS A WARNING SIGN THAT YOU'RE HAVING DIFFICULTY WITH VULNERABILITY TO STRESS IN YOUR LIFE AND THAT'S WHY WE AS PSYCHIATRISTS WILL TYPICALLY ASK PEOPLE ABOUT SLEEP.

THAT'S A PSYCHIATRIC VITAL SIGN JUST LIKE BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE.

WE ASK ABOUT SLEEP ALL THE TIME.

WE ACTUALLY USE A SCALE CALLED THE INSOMNIA SEVERITY INDEX.

IT LOOKS AT DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF SLEEP GETTING THE SLEEP, STAYING ASLEEP, WAKING UP TOO EARLY AND HOW SATISFIED YOU ARE WITH SLEEP AND HOW MUCH DIFFICULTY YOU'RE HAVING WITH THE TYPE OF SLEEP OR LACK OF SLEEP THAT YOU'RE HAVING.

THANKS YOUR EMAIL QUESTION LET'S GO TO OUR FIRST CALLER.

HELLO WESLEY.

WELCOME TO MATTERS OF MIND A WESLEY WOOD ASKED HOW OFTEN DO PEOPLE HAVE PANIC ATTACKS WHEN UNDERGOING MRI AND HOW CAN THEY COPE WITH THIS?

WESLEY I HAD ONE OF THE FIRST MRI EYES OF THE BRAIN IN THE STATE OF INDIANA BACK AT ABOUT NINETEEN EIGHTY FOUR LONG TIME AGO.

AND WESLEY WHEN I GOT IN THE SCANNER WHAT I NOTICED WAS THAT THE FRONT PANEL OF THE SCANNER WAS SO CLOSE TO MY EYES IT IT DID CAUSE SOME ANXIETY BECAUSE IT'S SO CLOSE TO YOUR EYES YOU CAN'T FOCUS ON WHAT YOU'RE SEEING AND IT CAUSES SOME ANXIETY.

SO AT THAT TIME, YOU KNOW, I ACTUALLY SUGGESTED YOU KNOW, ONCE YOU PUT A WASHCLOTH OTHERS OVER SOME OF THESE EYES JUST TO DECREASE THE ANXIETY ASSOCIATED WITH THAT.

SO OVER THE COURSE OF TIME PEOPLE WHO ARE IMAGING WITH MRI ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU HAVE TO GO IN AND YOU'RE GETTING THE EYES OF THE BRAIN, YOU'LL HAVE A WASHCLOTH OVER YOUR EYES.

THEY MIGHT EVEN GIVE YOU A MEDICATION LIKE HALSEY'S WHICH IS A VERY SHORT ACTIVE MEDICATION FOR ANXIETY THAT ACTUALLY CAN PUT YOU TO SLEEP.

PEOPLE ARE OFTEN ENCOURAGED TO TO CLOSE THEIR EYES AND MRI NOWADAYS YOU CAN DO DEEP BREATHING EXERCISES WHERE YOU TAKE A DEEP BREATH IN BUT YOU ACTUALLY TAKE A SLOWER BREATH OUT.

SO AS YOU BREATHE OUT YOU OFTEN WILL HAVE MORE RELAXATION EFFECT THAN BREATHING IN.

SO ONE CAN IN TWO COUNTS OUT ONE COUNT IN TWO COUNTS AND THERE ARE BREATHING EXERCISES YOU CAN DO WESLEY THERE'S A VARIOUS TECHNIQUES YOU CAN USE WITH HYPNOSIS IF YOU FIND A COUNSELOR IN YOUR AREA WHO DOES HYPNOSIS YOU CAN TRAIN YOURSELF SELF HYPNOSIS WHERE YOU CAN ACTUALLY PUT YOURSELF IN A RELAXING PLACE AND WITH A HYPNOTIC SUGGESTION YOU CAN GO INTO THAT HAPPY PLACE AS YOU'RE GOING INTO THE MRI SCANNER.

YOU KNOW, I MENTIONED HALCYON SOMETIMES WE USE MEDICATIONS LIKE XANAX AND LORAZEPAM OR ATIVAN AS A MEANS OF GIVING SOMEBODY A NICE CALMING EFFECT AS THEY GO INTO AN MRI SCANNER.

BUT WESAY GOING INTO AN MRI SCANNER AND HAVING THAT EXPERIENCE IS SOMETHING THAT YOU LEARN AND IT'S NOT UNLIKE A LOT OF EXPERIENCES THE MORE TIMES YOU DO SOMETHING, WHETHER IT'S GOING INTO AN MRI SCAN OR WHETHER IT'S GETTING ON A PLANE ,WHETHER IT'S GOING INTO A MEETING AND HAVING TO GIVE A TALK IN FRONT OF PEOPLE AT THE MORE YOU DO THESE ANXIETY PROVOKING TYPE OF ACTIVITIES, THE LESS ANXIETY YOU WILL HAVE AND THAT'S ACTUALLY A TECHNIQUE THAT'S LEARNED WITH PUBLIC SPEAKING.

TOASTMASTERS IS A VERY NICE ORGANIZATION THAT BASICALLY HELPS PEOPLE GET THROUGH THE ANXIETY RELATED TO PUBLIC SPEAKING AND THAT'S THOUGHT BASED ON THE GALLUP POLLS TO BE ONE OF THE NUMBER ONE ANXIETY PROVOKING EVENTS PEOPLE WILL EXPERIENCE.

SO THE BEST WAY TO GET OVER PUBLIC SPEAKING IS TO DO IT AGAIN AND AGAIN AND AGAIN AND ACTUALLY VOLUNTEER TO GO IN FRONT OF PEOPLE AND PRESENT PUBLICLY.

WELL, YOU DON'T WANT TO VOLUNTEER TO GO INTO AN MRI SCANNER BUT YOU'LL NOTICE THE MORE TIMES YOU HAVE DONE THE EASIER IT DOES GET.

SO AS I SAID, THERE'S BEHAVIORAL TECHNIQUES, RELAXATION TECHNIQUES, EVEN HYPNOSIS.

THERE'S MEDICATIONS LIKE HALCION, XANAX AND ATIVAN THAT WILL DO TO GET PEOPLE INTO THE SCANNER.

WE USE THIS KIND OF MEDICATION TO SOMETIMES HELP PEOPLE GET ONTO A PLANE BECAUSE SOME PEOPLE WILL SAY THAT WHEN THEY'RE GETTING ON THE PLANE THEY'RE SITTING THERE WAITING FOR THE PLANE TO GET OFF.

THEY START HAVING PANIC ATTACKS.

THEY FEEL ANXIOUS ESPECIALLY AS THEY HIT SOME TURBULENCE AS THEY'RE GETTING INTO THE AIR FOR THOSE PEOPLE WE MIGHT GIVE THEM XANAX PRIOR TO BOARDING TO JUST DECREASE THE ANXIETY DURING THAT TIME THE LASTS FOR ABOUT SIX OR EIGHT HOURS.

IT'S VERY SAFE MEDICATION TO TAKE EVERY NOW AND THEN.

BUT THE PROBLEM YOU GET INTO A XANAX WILL BE THAT WHEN PEOPLE TAKE IT ON A REGULAR BASIS DAY BY DAY BY DAY THEY GET KIND OF USED TO IT AND IT ACTUALLY ANESTHETIZES OR NUMBS THE THINKING PROCESS TO THE POINT WHERE IT CAUSES YOU PROBLEMS.

WE DON'T WANT TO DO THAT ON A REGULAR BASIS.

WESLEY, THANKS FOR YOUR CALL.

LET'S GO TO OUR NEXT CALLER.

HELLO THOMAS.

WELCOME TO MARS THE MIND.

WELL, THOMAS, YOU WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT DEALING WITH IRRATIONAL FEARS ON A DAILY BASIS, HAVING TO DO A SOCIAL ANXIETY AND THE EVENTS THAT ARE OCCURRING TODAY WITH COVID-19 THESE FEARS SEEM TO BE HEIGHTENED AND YOU WANT TO KNOW WHAT'S CAUSING ALL THAT AND WHAT YOU CAN DO.

THOMAS, AS I MENTIONED EARLIER, STRESS IS BASICALLY BY DEFINITION A CHANGE IN YOUR DAILY ROUTINE.

SO WHAT'S HAPPENED SINCE MARCH OF 2019 WE'VE HAD THESE COVID-19 RESTRICTIONS AND MARCH 20 20 ACTUALLY WE'VE HAD THESE COVID-19 RESTRICTIONS.

COVID-19 REFERS TO THE KORONA VIRUS THAT STARTED IN 2013 AND MARCH 2020 IS WHEN WE HAD THE RESTRICTIONS AND THAT'S BEEN A BIG STRESS FOR A LOT OF PEOPLE.

WE'VE HAD A CHANGE IN OUR DAILY ACTIVITIES IN MANY WAYS WE'RE WEARING THESE MASS NOT UNCOMMONLY SO YOU HAVE THE MASK THAT'S ON YOUR FACE.

SOME PEOPLE GREW ANXIOUS ABOUT GETTING THE CORONAVIRUS AND THAT CAUSED ANXIETY ITSELF.

YOU HAD TO HAVE SOME SOCIAL DISTANCING AND YOU HAD TO HAVE SOME SOCIAL RESTRICTIONS.

SO IT TOOK YOU OFF YOUR GAME.

IT CAUSED A LOT OF ANXIETY ITSELF.

SO THOMAS, THE FIRST THINGS FIRST AND RECOMMEND IS REALIZED THERE APPEARS TO BE A LIGHT AT THE END OF THE TUNNEL.

WE HAVE THREE COMPANIES NOW THAT HAVE DEVELOPED VACCINES THAT ARE GOING TO BE ON THE MARKET AND THEY ARE BECOMING AVAILABLE TO PEOPLE OF YOUNGER AGE.

SO GETTING VACCINATED AS A PHYSICIAN I CERTAINLY RECOMMEND THAT I CAN TELL YOU THAT I'VE HAD THE TWO SHOT VACCINATION MYSELF.

I HIGHLY RECOMMEND THAT BECAUSE WE NEED TO GET PAST THIS AND BE ABLE TO MOVE ON WITH OUR LIVES.

WE WON'T BE WEARING MASKS FOR A LITTLE BIT LONGER BUT I THINK WE'LL HAVE LESS SOCIAL RESTRICTIONS AS TIME GOES ON.

SO BE AWARE AND GIVE YOURSELF SOME HOPE AND OPTIMISM THAT THERE WILL BE A LIGHT AT THE END OF THE TUNNEL HERE AND WE'LL BE ABLE TO GET BACK TO OUR LIVES.

BUT AS YOU'RE ABLE TO DO THAT, WHAT YOU'RE WANTING TO DO IS GET YOURSELF MORE ACTIVE, DO MORE THINGS, BE AROUND PEOPLE AND TRY TO GET BACK INTO SOME ROUTINE BUT ALSO EMBRACE THE KIND OF CHANGES THAT I'VE HAD TO HAVE OCCURRED OVER THE PAST YEAR.

FOR INSTANCE, EMBRACE THE VIDEO CONFERENCING THAT HAS ACCELERATED OVER THE PAST YEAR AS A PHYSICIAN.

THAT'S HOW WE'RE TREATING A LOT OF PATIENTS NOWADAYS.

WE'RE NOT HAVING PATIENTS COME TO OUR OFFICE AS MUCH.

WE'RE ACTUALLY SEEING THEM BY VIDEO CONFERENCING.

SO I'M ABLE TO SEE PEOPLE IN THEIR HOMES AT THEIR WORKPLACE AND IT'S MUCH MORE CONVENIENT AND MUCH MORE ACCESSIBLE FOR THEM.

SO THAT IS SOMETHING THAT IS IS SOMETHING THAT WE HAVE USED TO OVERCOME THIS CHALLENGE OF THE SOCIAL DISTANCING.

ALSO TODAY WE HAD A BIG SNOW HERE IN THE FORT WAYNE AREA THAT OCCURRED LAST NIGHT.

SO TODAY WE HAD A LOT OF THE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS OUT OF SCHOOL.

THEY WERE LEARNING THEY WERE DOING VIDEO CONFERENCING IN SOME CASES SO THEY'VE LEARNED A DIFFERENT WAY TO DEAL WITH THE SNOW DAYS.

NOW SOME CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS MIGHT NOT SEE THAT AS ALL GOOD BECAUSE BACK IN THE OLD DAYS WHEN THERE ARE SNOW DAYS YOU JUST PLAYED IN THE SNOW, YOU DIDN'T CONTINUE THE SCHOOLING.

BUT THE GOOD THING ABOUT THAT IS WE'RE NOT HAVING TO DO THE MAKE UP DAYS WITH SCHOOL SO WE'RE ABLE TO BE ABLE TO REACH OUT AND STILL DO E-LEARNING OR ELECTRONIC LEARNING BY THE INTERNET IN A WAY THAT WE DIDN'T BEFORE.

AND AGAIN, I THINK THAT IS IS ANOTHER POSITIVE CONSEQUENCE THAT CAME FROM THE RESTRICTIONS WITH CORONAVIRUS.

SO WITH ANY CRISIS THAT WE HAVE TO ENDURE, WE HAVE TO REMEMBER THAT THERE ARE OFTEN OPPORTUNITIES THAT WE CAN ADDRESS AND THAT'S CERTAINLY ONE THAT WE DID.

THANKS FOR YOUR THANKS FOR YOUR CALL.

LET'S GO OUR NEXT CALLER.

HELLO JOHN.

WELCOME TO MATTERS OF MIND.

HELLO JOHN.

I JUST WANTED TO ASK WHAT IS THE LIKELIHOOD OF AN OFFSPRING CONTRACTING THE MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES OF THEIR PARENTS SUCH AS BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER, CHARLA'S, DIFFERENT TYPES OF MENTAL HEALTH DISTURBANCES THAT CAN BE GENETIC THEN NUMBER ONE IS SOMETHING CALLED ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER ADHD.

PEOPLE WITH ADHD IF YOU HAVE A MOTHER OR FATHER WITH ADHD YOU HAVE ABOUT A SIXTY FIVE PERCENT LIKELIHOOD OF DEVELOPING ADHD YOURSELF WHICH IS SECOND FROM A MEDICAL STANDPOINT ONLY TO PSORIASIS.

PSORIASIS IS MORE GENETIC TO PSORIASIS IS ABOUT AS GENETIC AS YOUR HEIGHT AND ADHD IS RIGHT BEHIND PSORIASIS THEN YOU HAVE BIPOLAR DISORDER.

BIPOLAR DISORDER IS MANIC DEPRESSIVE DISORDER WHERE YOU HAVE BIG HIGHS AND BIG LOWS.

THAT'S ABOUT SIXTY FIVE FOUR PERCENT GENETIC.

AND JOHN, IT'S PERCEIVED THAT BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER IS A TYPE OF BIPOLAR DISORDER.

THE DIFFERENCE BEING WITH BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER YOU HAVE DIFFICULTY WITH SEEING THE GRAY AREA.

YOU SEE OTHER THINGS AS ALL GOOD OR ALL BAD SO YOU HAVE A HARD TIME SEEING THE IN-BETWEEN AREAS LIKE THAT WITH BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER YOU WILL HAVE EXTREME MOODINESS BUT IT'S RELATED TO SITUATIONS OR PEOPLE AND IT ONLY OCCURS FOR A FEW MINUTES OR A FEW HOURS AND IT GOES AWAY.

PEOPLE WITH BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER DON'T HAVE LONG PROLONGED MANIC EPISODES LASTING FOR DAYS AND DAYS.

THEY'LL HAVE EXTREME REACTIVITY TO STRESS AND I TALKED EARLIER ABOUT RESILIENCE.

THEY HAVE DIFFICULTY WITH STRESS, RESILIENCE SO PEOPLE WITH BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER SOME OF THAT IS LEARNED FROM THE PARENTS BECAUSE THAT'S HOW YOU'VE GROWN UP NOW THERE IS A GENETIC LIKELIHOOD ASSOCIATED WITH THAT JUST FROM THE BIPOLAR COMPONENT OF IT, THE MOODINESS COMPONENT OF IT.

BUT A LOT THE BIPOLAR SPECTRUM CONDITIONS CAN HAVE THE SECONDARY DIFFICULTIES LIKE WITH BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER WHERE YOU ACTUALLY LEARN THAT YOU LEARN THROUGH YOUR PARENTS HOW TO DEAL WITH STRESS AND SOMETIMES YOU DON'T LEARN SO WELL WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER JOHN.

THAT'S ABOUT 35 PERCENT GENETIC.

SO IT HAS A GENETIC PROPENSITY.

BUT I THINK AS YOU HAD PICKED UP YOU DO LEARN BEHAVIORS FROM YOUR PARENTS WHETHER YOU WISH TO DO SO OR NOT.

AND AS YOU GET TO BE AN ADOLESCENT, A YOUNG ADULT, SOMETIMES YOU LOOK BACK ON SOME OF THE BEHAVIORS YOU HAVE AND REALIZE THEY'RE NOT REALLY RATIONAL AND THEN YOU REALIZE OH, THAT'S WHAT MY MOM DID.

THAT'S WHAT MY DAD DID.

IT'S ONLY NATURAL THAT WE'RE GOING TO ACQUIRE THEIR MANNERISMS AND WE MANNER WE ACQUIRE THEIR MANNERISMS IN A POSITIVE MANNER AND SOMETIMES AND NOT SO POSITIVE MANNER.

SO WE HAVE TO SORT THOSE OUT AS WE GET OLDER AND THAT'S WHERE SOME PEOPLE WILL JOKE AS THEY GET INTO THE 30S OR THEY GET INTO THEIR 40S I'M BECOMING MY MOM OR I'M BECOMING MY DAD WHEN THEY USED TO MAYBE MAKE FUN OF THOSE KIND OF BEHAVIORS WHEN THEY WERE AN ADOLESCENT.

NOW THEY REALIZE THEY HAVE ACQUIRED THOSE KIND OF BEHAVIORS.

IT'S NOT AUTOMATIC.

THE IMPORTANT ASPECT OF THAT WILL BE THAT YOU HAVE SOME AWARENESS AND INSIGHT INTO WHAT'S HAPPENING AND THE WHOLE PROCESS OF PSYCHOTHERAPY OR COUNSELING WILL BE TO TRY TO UNDERSTAND HOW IRRATIONAL BEHAVIOR IS KIND EVOLVED AND SOMETIMES IT STARTED IN YOUR CHILDHOOD SO THERE IS LEGITIMACY TO HOW WE KIND OF DEVELOP OUR PERSONALITIES BY THE AGE OF EIGHT YEARS OLD BY BY SOME THEORIES THAT BY THE TIME YOU'RE EIGHT YEARS OLD YOU'VE DEVELOPED A LOT OF YOUR PERSONALITY.

A MUCH OF THAT IS LEARNED FROM YOUR PARENTS BUT THERE IS A GENETIC BASIS TO IT AS WELL.

SO WE CALL THAT EPIGENETICS WHERE YOU HAVE THE COMBINATION OF GENETICS AND YOUR ENVIRONMENT THAT'S CALLED EPIGENETICS.

SO IF YOU THINK ABOUT YOUR GENETICS IS PART OF YOUR DNA, THE DNA ACTUALLY HAS A FOUR DIMENSIONAL FEATURE TO IT.

YOU ALWAYS HEAR ABOUT THREE DIMENSIONAL FEATURES WHERE YOU HAVE HEIGHT AND WIDTH AND LENGTH SO YOU'VE GOT THIS GLOB OF DNA.

THIS IS LIKE A SPHERE INSIDE OF EACH OF YOUR CELLS AND THAT'S YOUR GENETIC HARD HARD WIRING.

WELL IT'S GOT A FOURTH DIMENSION WHERE AS YOU ENDURE A STRESS AND CHANGES THE DNA OPENS UP IN VARIOUS WAYS AND THEN WHEN IT OPENS UP YOU COULD HAVE DIFFICULTY GOOD OR BAD IN DEALING WITH THAT STRESS SO YOU COULD HAVE DNA THAT KIND OF WHEN IT OPENS UP RELATED TO YOUR STRESSFUL SITUATIONS THAT WILL THEN ALLOW YOU TO MANUFACTURE PROTEINS THAT CAN HELP YOU OR HARM YOU SOME PROTEINS SUCH AS THE ONES THAT ARE THERE ARE RELEASED WITH THE COVID-19 VIRUS CAN HARM YOU BECAUSE THE INFLAMMATORY PROTEINS ARE CALLED CYTOKINES.

YOU DON'T WANT TO RELEASE THOSE KIND OF PROTEINS AND WE'RE ALL GENETICALLY WIRED TO RELEASE DIFFERENT PROTEINS BASED ON THAT DNA KIND OF OPENING UP WHEN YOU'RE UNDER STRESS.

THANKS FOR YOUR CALL.

LET'S OUR NEXT CALLER.

HELLO DEB.

WELCOME TO MATTERS OF MIND OR DEBORAH DAY.

YOU'RE WATCHING RAIN MAN AND YOU WERE STRUCK BY THE CHARACTER WHO'S AUTISTIC HAD AN INCREDIBLE ABILITY TO COUNT ALMOST INSTANTANEOUSLY AND YOU WONDERED IF THAT WAS AN ACCURATE PORTRAYAL?

ACTUALLY THAT WAS A VERY ACCURATE PORTRAYAL OF A OF AN INDIVIDUAL WITH AUTISM.

I UNDERSTAND THAT IT FOLLOWED HIS LIFE AND HIS MANNERISMS VERY NICELY.

SO THE PERSON WHO FOR WHOM THAT CHARACTER WAS BASED ACTUALLY CONSULTED FOR THAT MOVIE AND DUSTIN OFTEN HOFFMAN DID A REMARKABLE JOB AND PORTRAYING IT PEOPLE WITH AUTISM HAVE DIFFICULTY WITH FUNCTIONING IN THE RIGHT FRONT PART OF THEIR BRAINS.

ALL RIGHT.

SO IMAGINE THE RIGHT PART OF YOUR BRAIN NOT WORKING SO FAR SO WELL.

THAT'S THE PART OF THE BRAIN WHERE YOU WILL DEVELOP ATTACHMENTS AND YOU REACH OUT AND KIND OF GAUGE THE EMOTIONAL VALENCE OR THE EMOTIONAL ATTITUDE OF SOMEBODY ELSE.

SO YOU'RE LOOKING AT SOMEBODY ELSE.

YOU'RE LOOKING AT THEIR FACE.

YOU'RE TRYING TO GAUGE THEIR EMOTIONS AND YOU'RE HAVING THIS BACK AND FORTH CONVERSATION WITH THEM TRYING TO SEE HOW THEY'RE TAKING WHAT YOU WERE SAYING PEOPLE WITH AUTISM WILL OFTEN TALK AND TALK AND TALK AND TALK AND THEY DON'T PICK UP THAT OTHER PEOPLE MIGHT NOT BE INTERESTED ANYMORE.

SO THEY SOMETIMES WILL DIVERT SOME OF THAT ENERGY IN AN AUTISTIC MANNER TO OTHER PARTS OF THE BRAIN.

AND IT WAS THOUGHT THAT ALBERT EINSTEIN TO SOME DEGREE HAD AUTISTIC FEATURES AND IN DOING SO HE WAS ABLE TO DIVERT SOME THAT EMOTIONAL ENERGY TO DIFFERENT PARTS OF HIS BRAIN.

EINSTEIN HAD A WHOLE SEPARATE AN ADDITIONAL GLOB OF TISSUE OVER HERE CALLED JAIRUS.

HE HAD AN EXTRA WHOLE SET OF TISSUE OVER HERE ON HIS BRAIN THAT ACTUALLY HELPED WITH HIS MATHEMATICAL ABILITIES.

SO IT WAS THOUGHT THAT EINSTEIN WITH HIS AUTISTIC FEATURES MIGHT HAVE ACTUALLY HAD A BRAIN THAT WE CONSIDER TO BE ABNORMAL.

BUT WITH THAT ABNORMAL BRAIN HE WAS ABLE TO HAVE REMARKABLE PROPENSITIES TO BE ABLE TO DO MATHEMATICAL CALCULATIONS AND THAT'S WHAT WAS DEPICTED WITH RAINMAN TO BE ABLE TO REMEMBER THINGS AND HAVE KIND OF LIKE A COMPUTER LIKE BRAIN THAT MANY OF US WOULD ENVY.

BUT I THINK SOMETIMES PEOPLE WILL HAVE THOSE AUTISTIC FEATURES AT THE EXPENSE OF LACKING SOCIAL AWARENESS AND HAVING DIFFICULTY WITH INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS.

SO YOU KNOW, THE KEY WILL ALWAYS BE TO TRY TO EMBRACE THE ASSETS OF PEOPLE WHO HAVE THESE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BRAIN BUT YET STILL BE ABLE TO HELP THEM FUNCTION IN SOCIETY OVERALL.

BUT RAINMAN WAS A PRETTY GOOD DEPICTION OF SOMEBODY WITH A TYPE OF AUTISM WHERE HE HAD WHAT WAS CALLED A SAVANT TYPE OF ABILITY TO BE ABLE TO MAINTAIN AWARENESS AND CALCULATIONS IN THE CASE OF RAIN MAN, HE USED THAT IN LAS VEGAS.

LET'S GO TO OUR NEXT E-MAIL.

WE HAVE ANOTHER EMAIL THAT'S READY.

LET'S TAKE A PEEK AT IT.

IT SAYS DEAR DOCTOR FATHER WHAT HYPNOSIS BE A POSSIBLE METHOD TO HELP ME GAIN BETTER EATING HABITS.

HYPNOSIS IS BEST WITH THE KIND OF BEHAVIORS WHERE YOU'RE TRYING TO AVOID PANIC OR ANXIETY.

I MENTIONED BEFORE THE MRI MACHINE DECREASING PANIC OR ANXIETY AND ALSO FOR STOPPING SMOKING BECAUSE EATING IS SOMETHING YOU STILL HAVE TO DO.

SO HYPNOSIS WOULDN'T BE THE BEST TECHNIQUE FOR DECREASING YOUR EATING MIGHT HAVE RECOMMENDED A TWENTY FIVE YEARS AGO BUT NOWADAYS WE WE HAVE SOME OTHER WAYS OF HELPING PEOPLE DECREASE THEIR APPETITES.

I MEAN THERE'S THE SURGICAL TECHNIQUES WITH BARIATRIC SURGERY WHICH MAKES YOUR STOMACH WITH A RUIN.

WHY PROCEDURE FOR INSTANCE MAKES YOUR STOMACH THE SIZE OF A WALNUT AND WE HAVE MEDICATIONS THAT WE USE TO HELP PEOPLE SUPPRESS THEIR APPETITES.

BUT FROM A BEHAVIORAL STANDPOINT WE HAVE WHAT'S CALLED INTERMITTENT FASTING AND INTERMITTENT FASTING IS A REALLY SIMPLE TECHNIQUE WHERE YOU TRY TO ONLY EAT FOR ABOUT A SIX OR MAYBE EIGHT HOUR TIME PERIOD EVERY DAY AND YOU MIGHT THINK WELL GEE, I'D GET REALLY HUNGRY WHILE THERE'S THIS HORMONE THAT'S RELEASED OH ABOUT TEN, TWELVE HOURS AFTER YOUR LAST DATE IT'S CALLED GHRELIN G H E R ELYON I BELIEVE IT IS JERILYN IS RELEASED.

THAT'S WHAT MAKES YOUR STOMACH GROW AND THAT WILL HAPPEN THE FIRST TIME YOU KIND OF SKIP A MEAL BECAUSE YOUR STOMACH AND YOUR BRAIN IS IS USED TO EATING AT A CERTAIN TIME SO YOUR STOMACH WILL GROW IF YOU SKIP THAT MEAL OR DRINK PLENTY OF FLUIDS DURING THAT TIME OR EVEN USE SUGAR FREE METAMUCIL FOR INSTANCE AND YOU GET PAST THAT HOUR OF YOUR STOMACH GROWLING IT QUITS GROWLING AND THAT'S WHY A LOT OF PEOPLE WILL NOTICE THAT IF THEY SKIP A MEAL OR TWO HOURS LATER THEY DON'T REALLY NOTICE IT SO MUCH.

SO INTERMITTENT FASTING IS A VERY NICE TECHNIQUE TO JUST EAT WITHIN A CERTAIN TIME FRAME EVERY DAY SO SOME PEOPLE WILL EAT BETWEEN 12:00 NOON AND 6:00 P.M. AND THAT'S IT.

IF YOU'RE PRONE TO BINGE EATING, HAVE TO BE CAREFUL WITH IT BECAUSE YOU DON'T WANT TO BENJIE DURING THAT TIME BUT YOU'LL NOTICE THAT YOUR INSULIN LEVELS CAN STABILIZE BETTER AND A LOT OF CASES AND YOU TYPICALLY LOSE WEIGHT IF YOU GET TO ABOUT TWENTY HOURS OF FASTING AND FOUR HOURS OF EATING.

SO YOU STILL WANT TO EAT, YOU WANT TO HAVE BALANCED DIET, YOU WANT TO HAVE PLENTY OF FLUIDS ALL THROUGHOUT THE DAY.

BUT INTERMITTENT FASTING IS PROBABLY A BETTER TECHNIQUE FOR CONTROLLING YOUR WEIGHT AND CONTROLLING YOUR APPETITE THAN HYPNOSIS.

WE USED TO THINK THAT HYPNOSIS COULD HELP WITH BINGE EATING.

QUITE FRANKLY I'VE SEEN THAT INTERMITTENT FASTING HELPS WITH BINGE EATING QUITE A BIT BETTER BECAUSE A LOT OF PEOPLE WILL BINGE EAT PARTICULARLY AFTER 6PM EVERY NIGHT AND THAT'S THAT'S AN INSTINCTUAL TYPE OF PHENOMENON BECAUSE AS YOU GET MORE TIRED THIS LITTLE AREA IN YOUR HYPOTHALAMUS WHICH IS RIGHT IN THE MIDDLE OF THE BRAIN HERE, THE EATING CENTER OF THE BRAIN, THE APPETITE CENTER IS RIGHT BESIDE THE SLEEP CENTER AND YOUR BRAIN WILL BE FULL INTO THINKING YOU'RE GETTING HUNGRY WHEN YOU'RE ACTUALLY GETTING TIRED.

SO AS IT BECOMES EIGHT O'CLOCK, 9:00, 10:00 O'CLOCK AT NIGHT, YOUR BRAIN IS SAYING SOMETHING'S GOING ON HERE.

MAYBE YOU NEED TO EAT MORE OIL.

YOU'RE ACTUALLY TIRED, YOU'RE SLEEPY.

YOU NEED TO GO TO BED.

SO THE NICE THING ABOUT INTERMITTENT FASTING IS AFTER A SIX P.M. OR SEVEN P.M. YOU'VE DECIDED YOU'RE NOT GOING TO EAT ANYTHING ANYMORE.

YOU CAN HAVE FLUIDS IF YOU WANT BUT YOU CAN'T EAT ANYTHING SO IT ACTUALLY DECREASES THAT NIGHT EATING AND FOR SOME PEOPLE MY GOODNESS, HALF OR A THIRD THEIR CALORIES ARE CONSUMED AFTER 6:00 P.M. EVERY NIGHT BECAUSE THEY TEND TO GRAZE AND THEY TEND TO MUNCH ON THINGS.

SO WE HAVE FOUND THAT INTERMITTENT FASTING HELPS A LOT MORE FOR THOSE PEOPLE.

THANKS FOR YOUR CALL.

LET'S GO NEXT CALLER.

HELLO JEFF.

WELCOME TO MATTERS OF MIND.

OH, ALL RIGHT.

QUESTION ABOUT A BURNING SENSATION AND WHY HANDS AND FEET SEEM TO BE GETTING REALLY TIGHT AND THE BURNING TO MY LIPS SKIN AREA.

I'M NOT SURE IF IT'S MEDICATION OR SOMETHING ELSE GOING ON.

JEFF, WHAT MEDICATIONS ARE YOU TAKING RIGHT NOW?

I'D RATHER CAFFEINE AND TO FAME CLONAZEPAM YEAH.

HYDROXY ZINA'S AND ANTIHISTAMINES WHICH BLOCK HISTAMINE BLOCKING HISTAMINE RELEASE SOME PEOPLE WHEN THEY GET ANXIOUS JEFF WILL NOTICE THAT HISTAMINE GETS RELEASED AND THEY'LL HAVE THIS TINGLING AND BURNING SENSATION IN THEIR HANDS AND FEET.

SO YOU'RE TAKING HYDROXY SUPPOSEDLY TO DECREASE SOME OF THAT IF IT HELPS YOU THAT'S A GOOD THING BECAUSE IT'S BLOCKING HISTAMINE CLONAZEPAM OR KLONOPIN CAN ACTUALLY GIVE YOU A BURNING SENSATION YOUR FEET AND SOMETIMES WILL BLUR THE VISION IF YOU TAKE IT FOR LONGER PERIODS OF TIME.

SO YOU KNOW, JEFF, I MEAN TEN YEARS AGO I PROBABLY COULD HAVE RECOMMENDED THAT YOU TAKE CLONAZEPAM FOR MONTHS IF NOT YEARS AND YOU COULD DO SO SAFELY.

WE'VE LEARNED A LOT MORE ABOUT IT OVER THE PAST FIVE OR SIX YEARS REALIZING THAT CLONAZEPAM IS SOMETHING WHERE THE LONGER YOU TAKE IT THE MORE DIFFICULTY YOU MIGHT HAVE WITH SYMPTOMS OF ANXIETY.

IT KIND OF RESETS THE BRAIN VOLUME CONTROL FOR ANXIETY WHICH IS RIGHT HERE.

IT'S CALLED THE AMYGDALA AND CLONAZEPAM WILL CALM THAT DOWN AND FOR SOME PEOPLE IF THEY HYPERVENTILATE FOR INSTANCE DURING WHILE THEY'RE GETTING ANXIOUS AND THEY'RE BLOWING OFF TOO MUCH CARBON DIOXIDE, THEY WILL TEND TO HAVE THIS TINGLING AND THEY'LL ALSO HAVE DIFFICULTY WITH THE BLURRED VISION LIKE YOU'RE DESCRIBING.

SO YEAH, THAT CAN BE PART OF ANXIETY ITSELF BUT YOU HAVE TO BE CAREFUL ON HOW MUCH YOU'VE RESET THE VOLUME CONTROL USING CLONAZEPAM IF YOU DO USE THAT LONG TERM.

SO TALK TO YOUR CLINICIAN ABOUT VARIOUS OPTIONS FOR RELAXATION.

IT SOUNDS LIKE FOR YOU MAYBE BREATHING EXERCISES COULD BE HELPFUL OR SOME REALLY GOOD ONES OUT THERE FOR FOR ANXIETY.

JEFF, THANKS FOR YOUR CALL.

UNFORTUNATELY I DON'T OF TIME FOR THIS EVENING GO ANY QUESTIONS CONCERNING MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES?

GIVE ME A CALL HERE AT PBS.

THIRTY NINE FOR PBS FORT WAYNE NEXT WEEK OR YOU CAN CONTACT ME BY EMAIL THAT MATTERS TO MIND ALL ONE WORD AT WSW EDGAR.

I'M PSYCHIATRIST JEFF OLVER AND YOU'VE BEEN WATCHING MATTERS OF MINE ON PBS FORT WAYNE GOD WILLING AND PBS WILLING I'LL BE BACK AGAIN NEXT WEEK.

THANKS FOR WATCHING.

GOODNIGHT