>> NOTHING IS BETTER THAN FRESH FOOD FROM THE GARDEN, I JUST CAN'T SAY THAT ENOUGH.

THIS PARTICULAR PLANT WILL ACTUALLY SHOOT UP ADDITIONAL LEAF TISSUE.

>> THE PROGRAM WAS TO CREATE FOOD FOR THE PUBLIC.

THEY ARE PUBLIC ORCHARDS.

>> IT'S A LOT OF WORK, BUT IT REALLY IS WORTH IT.

WHEN YOU SEE ALL THESE BLOOMS AND IT'S GORGEOUS.

DENNIS: HELLO, AND WELCOME TO GREAT GARDENING.

I'M DENNIS LAMKIN, YOUR HOST FOR THIS EVENING.

WE HAVE OUR GARDEN EXPERTS WITH US TONIGHT.

THEY ARE HORTICULTURIST AND EDUCATOR BOB OLEN AND GARDEN PROFESSIONAL DEB BYRNS ERICKSON.

AS ALWAYS WE WANT TO HEAR FROM GARDENERS ACROSS THE REGION WHO HAVE QUESTIONS FOR OUR EXPERTS ON ALL THINGS GARDENING.

VOLUNTEERS FROM THE ST. LOUIS COUNTY MASTER GARDENERS PROGRAM ARE HERE TO ANSWER THE PHONES.

PLEASE CALL OAKLEY AT 218-788-2847 E-MAIL US AT ASK@WDSE.ORG.

LET'S TALK CURRENT CONDITIONS.

BOB: WE ARE MELTING STONES.

BEAUTIFUL DAY, TODAY.

DEB: VERY NICE.

WE MADE ICE.

THE SNOW IS MELTING.

DENNIS: THE GROWING SEASON IS RIGHT AROUND THE CORNER AND TONIGHT WE WANTED TO HIGHLIGHT , CSAS.

WE VISITED SOUL FED FARM IN DULUTH, AND MET WITH FARMER LIZ STROHMAYER ABOUT OPERATING A CSA IN OUR REGION.

LIZ: MY NAME IS LIZ STROHMAYER AND I AM THE OWNER AND OPERATOR OF SOLFED FARM.

IT'S A CSA AND MARKET GARDEN AND WE ALSO HAVE A FARM STAND.

WE'RE JUST ON LISMORE ROAD RIGHT OUTSIDE OF DULUTH.

WE PURCHASED THE PROPERTY IN 2016, SO WE STARTED ORIGINALLY WITH, OH, IT'D BE NICE TO HAVE A GARDEN FOR US."

INSTEAD OF BUILDING ONE OR TWO RAISED BEDS, I BUILT 16.

A COUPLE OF YEARS AGO, I SAID I REALLY THINK THIS WOULD BE FUN TO DO THIS AS LIKE AS A BUSINESS.

CSA STANDS FOR COMMUNITY SUPPORTED AGRICULTURE.

YOU PAY FOR YOUR SEASONAL SHARE UPFRONT, SO YOU PAY FOR IT IN SOMETIME IN THE SPRING.

AND THEN THAT FARMER CAN USE IT FOR SEEDS AND COMPOST AND INFRASTRUCTURE TO CREATE A LARGE ENOUGH GARDEN FOR ALL OF THE CSA MEMBERS.

AND THEN YOU GET, YOU KNOW, A WEEKLY OR BI WEEKLY OR MONTHLY, WHATEVER THAT CSA WANTS TO OFFER FOR A SHARE.

SO WE RUN A 16 WEEK CSA PICKUP PROGRAM.

THERE'S SOME FARMERS THAT DO LIKE 14 WEEKS OR SOME THAT'LL DO 20.

AND I MEAN, EVERY CSA IS A LITTLE DIFFERENT WITH HOW THEY RUN IT.

I MEAN, WE GROW OVER 40 DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF FOOD JUST ON A COUPLE OF ACRES, ENOUGH FOOD FOR PROBABLY ABOUT 60 TO 75 FAMILIES THAT DO CSAS.

IT DOESN'T TAKE A LOT.

AS FAR AS OUT IN THE FIELD, YOU CAN BE AS ELABORATE OR AS SIMPLE AS YOU WANT.

SO FOR US, WE ARE A LOW-TILL AND NO-TILL FARM.

SO THE LOW-TILL, MEANING WE HAVE TO TILL THAT LAND UP.

WELL, DON'T HAVE TO, BUT THERE'S A LOT OF DIFFERENT WAYS TO DO IT.

BUT WE HAVE TILLED IN THE PAST ONE TIME TO GET THE SOIL LOOSENED UP AND THEN WE INTEGRATE A TON OF ORGANIC MATTER.

WE FORM THE BEDS BY HAND AND THEN WE DON'T TILL AFTER THAT.

THEY'RE JUST THEY'RE THERE.

SO WE KEEP ADDING TO THEM.

EVERYTHING THAT WE PICK AND HARVEST IS BY HAND, YOU KNOW, USING EITHER, YOU KNOW, LIKE A KITCHEN KNIFE OR A HARVESTING KNIFE.

WE'LL USE RACKS KIND OF LIKE THESE, BUT WITHOUT THE LIGHTS TO DRY.

YOU KNOW, LIKE LATE SUMMER, WE'LL START DRYING OUT OUR GARLIC AND OUR ONIONS AND THINGS LIKE THAT.

WE SPELT SOLFED S-O-L FOR LIKE THE SUN.

RIGHT.

BECAUSE IT'S THESE PLANTS ARE FED BY THE SUN.

WE'RE FED BY THE SUN.

BUT ALSO, I'M PUTTING MY HEART AND SOUL INTO THIS BECAUSE IT'S JUST SOMETHING THAT I ABSOLUTELY LOVE.

>> WHAT A GREAT WAY TO GET FRESH VEGGIES IF YOU DON'T.

HAVE THE TIME TO GROW THEM YOURSELF.

-- DON'T HAVE THE TIME TO GROW THEM YOURSELF.

LET'S GET TO YOUR QUESTIONS!

>> THE NICE THING IS THAT SHE GAVE US VARIETY.

THIS IS THE OLD-FASHIONED ANNABELLE.

THAT ONE DOES BLOOM ON NEW WOOD SO SHE CAN PRUNE IT TO THE GROUND.

SHE HAS HER CHOICE IN THE FALL.

THAT WILL COME FROM THE ROOTS AND IT WILL BLOOM JUST A LITTLE LATER IN THE YEAR.

FROM OF -- SOME OF THE NEW HYDRANGEAS ARE REALLY POPULAR.

YOU DON'T WANT TO PRUNE THOSE AT GROUND LEVEL.

SOME OF THE NEW, SPECTACULAR AND COLORFUL VARIETIES ARE BLOOMING HERE.

YOU HAVE TO KNOW YOUR VARIETY AND WHAT YOU ARE DEALING WITH HERE.

FERTILIZER, DO YOU WANT TO TOUCH ON THIS?

AS THOSE BUDS ARE MERGING AND THOSE PLANS ARE BEGINNING TO EMERGE, PARTICULARLY WITH OUR SOIL, SHE HAS A LOT OF COMPOST AND SHE WILL NEED SOME NITROGEN FERTILIZER.

SHE WILL TAKE A SOIL TEST IF SHE NEEDS SODIUM AND POTASSIUM.

JUST AS THEY ARE MERGING, THE STEMS ARE BEGINNING TO UNFOLD.

THAT WILL BE A LITTLE WHILE YET BUT SPRING, DEFINITELY.

DENNIS: MARY FROM DULUTH PLANTED HONEY CRISP, AND APPLETREE SEVEN YEARS AGO.

IT IS HER ONLY FREE BUT IT HAS NEVER BLOSSOMED AND NEVER HAD APPLES.

WHY?

BOB: THERE COULD BE A COUPLE REASONS.

DEB: MY OPINION IS THAT IT IS INTO DEEP.

-- IN TOO DEEP.

OUR CONTAINERS AT THE TREEHOUSE, THEY WILL BLOOM RIGHT IN THE CONTAINERS.

WE KNOW HOW TO PLANT IT, WE KNOW THAT TOP LEVEL ROOT NEEDS TO BE RIGHT AT THE SOIL SURFACE.

SOME PEOPLE -- EITHER IT IS PLANTED INCORRECTLY OR THEY OVER MULCH OR PUT IT IN TOO DEEP.

SOMETIMES PEOPLE REALLY WANT TO STOP IT IN.

I SEE A LOT OF COMPRESSION AND SOIL COMPACTION SO PLANTING IS VERY IMPORTANT.

BOB: I AGREE WITH THAT.

THE OTHER THING IS IT MAY NOT GO INTO THE MATURE PHASE.

HONEY CRISP IS STRICTLY A ZONE FOR -- FOUR.

JUST BE A LITTLE PATIENT.

AS LONG AS SHE IS GETTING GOOD GREEN GROWTH -- SEVEN YEARS MAYBE A LITTLE LONG BUT JUST BE PATIENT.

DENNIS: SHARON FROM HAYWARD, WISCONSIN -- EVERY YEAR THERE ARE ONLY ABOUT TWO OR THREE BUDS BUT THEY NEVER EVEN OPEN.

SHE HAS NEVER DIVIDED IT.

WHAT IS WRONG?

BOB: IT IS AN OLDER PLANT.

WHAT I WOULD SAY THERE IS SHE DOES INDICATE THERE ARE BUDS THAT DID NOT OPEN.

THESE ARE ALMOST TROUBLE-FREE AND ALMOST PEST FREE.

DID YOU GET FUNGAL DISEASE, SOMETIMES IT IS CALLED GRAY MOLD.

CLEANUP IN THE FALL COMPLETELY.

I ASSUME THERE IS GOOD AIR CIRCULATION.

SHE MAY HAVE TO GO TO SOME KIND OF COPPER FACED -- COPPER-BASED FUNGICIDE.

DEB: MAYBE THINGS WERE PLANTED 20 OR 30 YEARS AGO AND THE CANOPY HAS COVERED AND MAYBE THERE IS JUST NOT ENOUGH SON GETTING THROUGH -- SUN GETTING THROUGH.

MAYBE SHE WILL WANT TO DIVIDE THAT UP AND MOVE IT TO A COUPLE OF DIFFERENT SPOTS.

SHE MIGHT WANT TO MOVE A PIECE OF IT.

THERE IS ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL THERE.

BOB: MAYBE TOO DEEP IS ANOTHER BIG REASON.

IF YOU'RE GOING TO DIVIDE IT, LET US GET IT UP.

DENNIS: THE SNOW HAS MELTED, AND WE'RE ALL ANTICIPATING FLOWERS TO BE IN BLOOM.

TO PREPARE FOR THOSE SIGHTS, LET'S CHECK OUT SOME PEONIES.

A FEW YEARS AGO WE VISITED THE GARDEN OF ELIZABETH DONLEY, WHO SHOWED HER PLANTS OFF.

ELIZABETH: I'M ELIZABETH DONLEY, AND THESE ARE MY GARDENS.

I'VE HAD PEONIES IN MY LIFE MY ENTIRE LIFE.

MY GRANDFATHER WAS A HYBRIDIZER.

WE MOVED SEVEN TIMES WHEN I WAS IN CHILDHOOD, AND THE LAST THING WE PACKED UP AND PUT ON THE MOVING TRUCK WAS OUR ROOTS.

THIS IS KANSAS.

FOR ANYBODY WHO GROWS, IT'S AWESOME COLOR.

STURDY STEMS.

TALL KANSAS IS A DOUBLE.

AND MR. ED HERE IS A BOMB.

THOSE ARE THE TWO OF THE PRIMARY SHAPES OF BLOOMS.

THE DIFFERENCE IS THAT THERE'S TWO TYPES OF PETALS AND THEN A DOUBLE WILL LOOK JUST LIKE THIS.

THE SAME PETALS ALL THE WAY THROUGH AND SCARLETT O'HARA, WHO'S FINISHED BLOOMING, IS A SINGLE, SO SHE HAS JUST ONE ROW OF OLDER PETALS.

GOLLY, IS PINK AND YELLOW SO IT'S A WONDERFULLY JOYOUS PEONY, BUT IT'S ONE OF THE LAST ONES TO BLOOM.

THIS IS HERMIONE WHICH HAS A REALLY SWEET SCENT.

IT IS HONEY GOLD , THAT'S VIVID ROSE.

EXACTLY LIKE A ROSE, BUT PRETTY EASY TO GROW.

IT'S A NORTHERN PLANT BECAUSE IT NEEDS 600 HOURS OF BELOW FREEZING TEMPERATURE TO BLOOM.

WALTER MAINS IS A VERY INTERESTING PEONY.

IF YOU NOTICE, HIS INSIDE IS CONFETTI SHAPED.

CHOCOLATE SOLDIERS.

THAT IS THE PRETTY LITTLE RED TUCKED DOWN THERE.

DINNER PLATE IS OPENING TODAY, WHICH IS ONE OF THE LAST ONES AND IT IS SO DENSE THAT WHEN IT IS FULLY OPEN, IT WILL BE THE SIZE OF A DINNER PLATE.

THIS STRIP IS CALLED THE SUN PROMETHEUS.

IT'S AMAZING TREE PEONY.

THIS THIS IS DOREEN AND SHE'S NEW THIS YEAR.

THIS IS ANGEL CHEEKS, A GOOD SMELLING ONE.

ONE OF THE OLD VARIETIES.

THAT IS THE ONLY PEONY THAT I HAVE IN MY GARDEN THAT MY GRANDFATHER WAS INVOLVED IN THE HYBRIDIZATION OF.

ITS HAS LACQUERED PETALS.

YOU CAN SEE HOW SHINY THEY ARE.

HELEN MATTHEWS, HER PETALS ARE HEART SHAPED, AND SO WE PRESS THEM AND THEN STICK THEM IN VALENTINES.

>> FASCINATING.

IF YOU WALK BY HER HOUSE WHEN THEY ARE IN BLOOM, YOU CAN SMELL THEM.

BOB, YOU WANTED TO TALK ABOUT THE DULUTH PEONY.

BOB: YES, IT WAS INTRODUCED A LONG WHILE AGO IN THE 30'S.

I WOULD HAVE TO ASK LIZ IF HER GRANDFATHER MIGHT HAVE BEEN INVOLVED IN THE HYBRIDIZATION OF THAT.

IT IS A BIG DOUBLE, IT IS BEAUTIFUL, IT IS RESISTANT TO DISEASE.

IT HAS THE OLD-FASHIONED, THICK LEAVES ON IT.

IT HAS A GREAT NAME, THE DULUTH PEONY.

DENNIS: IT IS FANTASTIC.

I HAVE A FEW PICTURES OF MY OWN GARDEN FROM LAST YEAR TO SHARE ALSO.

THIS IS MY FORMAL GARDEN ON THE SOUTH SIDE OF MY HOUSE.

IT IS WINTER HARDY, THERE IS GEOTHERMAL IN THE CENTER OF THE FORMAL GARDEN.

BOXWOODS THAT WE SPRAY AND WRAP IN THE WINTER, WE DO SOMETHING DIFFERENT IN THE URNS EVERY YEAR.

MY PARTNER AND I LAID ALL THE BRICK SIDEWALKS.

WHEN WE MOVED INTO THE HOUSE, THERE WAS THE BLACK SPRUCE.

WE TOOK THEM ALL DOWN ON DAY ONE AND WE PROCEEDED TO MAKE THIS A RUN INTO THE GAS AND SEWER LINES.

THIS IS WHAT WE CAME UP WITH.

THE UPPER YARD ON THE CORNER OF FIRST AND 21ST IS MADE TO RESEMBLE THE WAVES ROLLING IN ON LAKE SUPERIOR.

IT INCLUDES MULTICOLORED ROCKS.

THERE IS ABOUT 7 TONS OF GRANITE BOULDERS -- BOULDERS ON THE CORNER.

THEY ARE ALL VERY DROUGHT TOLERANT.

WE HAVE A DRIP SYSTEM TO THE WINDOW BOX.

IT IS KIND OF FUN AND PEOPLE ENJOY IT.

THIS IS ALONG THE STONE WALL.

WE RECLAIMED THIS FROM A BUILDING THAT WAS BEING DEMOLISHED IN DULUTH.

BOB HELPED HARVEST THE STONE.

IT MAKES A NICE BACKDROP FOR THE HOSTAS THERE.

BOB: I HAVE ADMIRED YOUR LANDSCAPING FOR YEARS BEFORE I KNEW YOU, DENNIS.

THERE ARE NICE BLOCKS OF PLANT MATERIAL.

YOU ARE FOLLOWING A LOT OF GOOD PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN.

DENNIS: THANKS TO YOU I HAD TO PULL BACK ALL OF THE USE COMPOST.

-- USED COMPOST.

>> MIKE ASKS, RASPBERRIES, BEST FERTILIZER FOR THEM?

BOB: WE ALWAYS SAY SOIL TEST.

IF HE IS DEFICIENT IN PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM, HE WANTS A BALANCED FERTILIZER.

JUST LIKE WHEN WE WERE TALKING ABOUT THE HYDRANGEAS, I THINK YOU WANT SOME HIGH NITROGEN FERTILIZER.

YOU CAN USE A LAWN FERTILIZER.

IT DOES NOT HAVE ANY PHOSPHORUS.

WE TYPICALLY HAVE PLENTY OF FILES -- PHOSPHORUS.

IT IS AN INDISPENSABLE WAY OF GETTING SOLUBLE NITROGEN IN THEIR.

-- IN THERE.

DENNIS: PATTY FROM DULUTH ASKS WHEN DO CHERRY TREES NEED TO BE PRUNED?

IS IT TOO LATE?

BOB: IT IS REALLY INTERESTING BECAUSE I HAVE SAP BROUGHT IN FROM THE MAPLE TREES.

IF SHE WANTS TO GO OUT RIGHT AFTER THE PROGRAM IS DONE BECAUSE TEMPERATURES ARE GOING UP, SHE CAN STILL DO SOME GARMENT PRINTING AND I WOULD PRUNE THOSE RIGHT NOW -- DORMANT PRUNING AND I WOULD PRUNE THOSE RIGHT NOW.

DENNIS: WE HAVE ONE OF THE INTERNET.

HAMILTON WANTS TO KNOW WHEN THE BEST TIME TO PLANT RASPBERRY OR BLUEBERRY BUSHES IS.

CAN YOU GROW BOYS'S IN THE DULUTH AREA -- BOYSENBERRY -- BOYSENBERRIES IN THE DULUTH AREA?

BOB: I WOULD SAY GET BOTH OF THOSE IN.

BLUEBERRIES IN PARTICULAR BECAUSE THEY GROW SLOWER.

AS SOON AS YOU CAN, AS SOON AS THE FROST IS OUT.

>> IF YOU CAN GET THE SHOVEL IN THE GROUND AND NOT TOO MUCH MUD.

YOU HAVE TO BE CAREFUL IF IT ISN'T IN A BAD LOCATION FOR MUD AND DENSE.

BOB: YOU ARE SO RIGHT.

WE TALK ABOUT HAVING A FRIABLE OPEN SOIL.

WE WANT TO STAY OUT OF THOSE AREAS UNTIL THEY DRY OUT A BIT.

DENNIS: CALVIN ASKS HOW EARLY HE SHOULD BE ROOTING HIS SWEET POTATOES.

CAN HE GROW THEM UP HERE?

BOB: HE CAN BUT IT IS WAY TOO EARLY.

I AM SPEAKING FROM PERSONAL EXPERIENCE.

ONE SEASON CROP, IT DOES NOT LIKE 40° SO I WOULD SAY HOLD ON TO YOUR PLANTS AND DON'T EVEN THINK ABOUT PUTTING THEM OUT THERE UNTIL MAY BE THE THIRD WEEK IN JUNE I WOULD SAY.

THEY WILL GROW VERY QUICKLY BUT ALSO, HE WILL GET THOSE PLANTS, PUT THEM IN WATER AND NEVER PUT THEM IN THE REFRIGERATOR.

THEY ARE SHIPPED IN FROM THE SOUTH, GEORGIA OR TENNESSEE TYPICALLY, PUT THEM IN A BIG BOWL OF WATER AND LET THEM SIT AT ROOM TEMPERATURE.

YOU DON'T WANT TO PUT THEM IN THE FRIDGE, THEY WANT COME BACK FROM THAT.

A VERY WARM SEASON CROP, YOU CAN GROW IT IN THIS AREA.

SOME OF THE EARLY VARIETIES IS WHAT YOU ARE LOOKING FOR RIGHT THERE.

DENNIS: WHAT KIND OF SOIL DO YOU RECOMMEND FOR GROWING FLOWERS AND VEGETABLES?

DEB: POTTING SOIL IS GREAT.

PEOPLE HAVE TO BE AWARE OF HOW DENSE SOIL IS, YOU NEED SOMETHING THAT IS A NICE AND LIGHT SOIL.

ESPECIALLY FOR ANNUALS.

THEY REALLY NEED TO GET THE ROOTS OUT.

YOU DON'T WANT ANYTHING THAT IS COMPACTED OR HEAVY.

IF YOU ALREADY HAVE IT, YOU CAN AMEND IT WITH SOME PERLITE.

THAT WILL HELP TO LIGHTEN THEM UP WITH -- ESPECIALLY FOR CONTAINERS.

IF YOU ARE PLANTING WITH A CONTAINER, FILL IT WITH SOIL.

IF YOU HAVE SOIL, IT WILL BE ABLE TO HOLD MORE MOISTURE AND IT WON'T RAIN TOO QUICKLY -- DRAIN TO QUICKLY.

-- DRAIN TOO QUICKLY.

BOB: GARDEN SOIL GETS TOO HEAVY IN A CONTAINER.

MAYBE SOME MATERIAL IN THE BOTTOM.

MAYBE YOU WILL DO SOME SCREENINGS.

DENNIS: SOMEONE ASKS HOW TO WRAP MY BOXWOODS.

I WRAP THEM SO THAT THE WIND DOES NOT DRY ANYTHING OUT OF THEM AND I WRAP THEM WITH BURLAP.

I USE IF THE 4 INCH WIDE BURLAP AND WRAP THEM AROUND, USING NAILS AS HAIRPINS TO TIE THEM TO THE STEMS OF THE BOXWOODS AND I HAVE NEVER LOST A BOXWOOD.

BOB: THAT IS GREAT.

DENNIS: HERE IS -- HERE IS AN INTERESTING ONE.

BECKY ASKS IF HAVING ARSENIC IN MY WATER WILL CONTAMINATE THE PLANTS.

DEB: SOMETHING TRAYS CAN COME INTO EDIBLES -- TRACE CAN COME INTO EDIBLES.

BOB: PLANTS TEND TO HAVE THIS LAYER WHERE AS THE MOISTURE COMES IN, IT HAS TO GET BY THIS MEMBRANE THAT IS VERY FINE.

THAT TENDS TO SCREEN OUT THE LARGER MOLECULES AND LETS THE SMALLER ONES THROUGH.

I THINK WITH ARSENIC IN THE WATER, NUMBER ONE, YOU WANT TO BE CAREFUL HOW YOU ARE WATERING AND YOU DON'T WANT ANY KIND OF MISSED AT ALL -- MIST AT ALL.

IT SHOULD NOT BE A PROBLEM FOR YOUR PLANTS.

>> AND NOW, LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT YOUR SENT IN PICTURES, WITH THE LOCAL DIRT.

>> LET'S SEE WHAT'S GROWING IN YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD WITH THE LOCAL DIRT.

FROM THE GARDEN OF PATTY BASTIAN, WE WERE SENT A POPPING PINK PEONY!

ALONG WITH AN EYE-CATCHING IRIS!

LILA COATES WHITE IS OVERFLOWING WITH IRISES.

TAKE A LOOK AT THIS BLOSSOMING BUNCH.

AND SOME MORE PURPLE ONES THAT ARE GROWING UNDER HER CARE!

PLUS, HYDRANGEAS AS A DELIGHTFUL FEATURE SURROUNDING A BENCH, PROVIDING COZY COMFORTS IN A WARM DAYTIME SPOT.

FINALLY, JULIE OVEROM HAS POPPIES SURROUNDING A CHERRY FROST SHRUB ROSE.

SEND US PHOTOS FROM YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD!

E-MAIL US AT GREATGARDENING@WDSE.ORG AND IT COULD SHOW UP ON AIR OR OUR INSTAGRAM FEED!

>> WHAT IS THE BEST WAY TO GET RID OF APHIDS?

DEB: ON WHAT AND WHERE?

BOB: TAKE YOUR PICK.

GO AHEAD, YOU HAD A LOT OF EXPERIENCE.

DEB: I WOULD START REALLY SOFT.

BLESS THEM WITH SOME WATER AS STRONG AS YOUR PLANT CAN TOLERATE DEPENDING ON WHAT KIND OF PLANT IT IS.

ED SUMS UP TO THAT WATER.

YOU CAN SPRAY IT WITH SOME SOAPY WATER AND THEN WASH IT OFF.

DON'T LET IT GET BURNED BY THE SUN.

A LOT OF TIMES YOU CAN JUST SMASH THEM, SQUISH THEM.

THERE ARE SOFT WAYS TO START BUT IF THEY GET AWAY FROM YOU, YOU ARE GOING TO HAVE TO TREAT THEM.

BOB: THERE IS KIND OF A HIERARCHY.

YOU CAN START THEM IN WATER.

BOB: -- DEB: YOU CAN CUT AND THEIR BREEDING TO HALF.

BOB: YOU MAY MAKE THE DISTENTION BETWEEN DISH SOAP AND INSECTICIDAL SOAP.

ULTIMATELY, THEY WILL GO DOWN PRETTY EASILY WITH A CHEMICAL PESTICIDE.

YOU CAN FOLLOW THAT TRIAGE HIERARCHY.

DENNIS: KURT FROM GILBERT WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF HE CAN GROW VEGETABLES IN A RAISED GARDEN BUILT OUT OF RAIN TREATED LUMBER?

DEB: THERE ARE STRONG OPINIONS ON THIS.

BOB: THE WOOD PRESERVATIVES ARE BETTER NOW.

THESE ARE BETTER MATERIALS, I WOULD STAY AWAY FROM ALL OF THE RAILROAD TIES.-CERTAINLY YOUR WD GO TO YOUR RAISED INTERIOR OF THE BEDS.

BUT YOU ARE NOT EATING ANY OF THAT.

HOPEFULLY, IF THERE IS POSSIBILITY OF ANY CONTAMINATION , THAT TISSUE SHOULD FILTER THAT OUT FOR YOU.

DENNIS: JOHN FROM DULUTH -- WILL ANNUALS SEE THEMSELVES FOR THE NEXT YEAR?

DEB: SOME WELL.

IT DEPENDS ON YOUR WINTER AND YOUR SNOW COVER AND IT DEPENDS ON THE ANNUAL.

THERE ARE QUITE A FEW THAT WILL.

A MAJORITY WILL NOT.

A LOT OF TIMES, IF IT IS HYBRIDIZED, YOU WILL NOT GET THE SAME ANNUAL.

YOU CAN DEFINITELY COLLECT TO THOSE SEEDS AND TAKE CARE OF THAT YOURSELF BUT MOST OF THE TIME, AN ANNUAL IS ONLY AN ANNUAL.

BOB: YOU WANT TO GET STARTED SOON SO YOU CAN PUT IN SOME OF YOUR TRANSPLANTS.

DENNIS: RICHARD ORDERED A PEACH TREE THAT WAS PROPAGATED IN WISCONSIN.

WHAT ARE THE CHANCES OF IT SURVIVING APPEAR -- UP HERE?

BOB: WE WILL HAVE HIM TELL US.

WE STILL HAVE SOME VERY COLD CONDITIONS AND SURVIVAL OVER LONG-TERM I AM STILL A LITTLE SKEPTICAL THERE AND I WOULD SAY DEFINITELY BORDERLINE BUT WE ARE ALWAYS LOOKING FOR NEW OR MATERIALS AND NEW INTRODUCTIONS.

STAY WITH THE GOOD, HEARTY APPLES, WE HAVE RASPBERRIES, STRAWBERRIES, BLUEBERRIES.

LET'S LEARN HOW TO GROW THOSE FIRST.

PROTECT FROM THE NORTHWEST WINDS IN THE WINTER.

MAKE SURE TO GET THEM WRAPPED PROPERLY, NO FERTILITY IN THE FALL, NOT PLANTED TO DEEP.

-- TOO DEEP.

ALL OF THESE THINGS CAN HELP.

DENNIS: THANK YOU ALL FOR TUNING IN TO GREAT GARDENING!

IF YOU WANT MORE, YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON INSTAGRAM @GREATGARDENINGWDSE, SUBSCRIBE TO US ON YOUTUBE AT YOUTUBE.COM/GREATGARDENING AND LIKE WDSE-WRPT ON FACEBOOK.

IF YOU MISSED ANY PART OF THIS SHOW, IT WILL BE POSTED ON OUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL AND THE PBS VIDEO APP TOMORROW.

THANKS BOB AND DEB, YOU TWO WERE GREAT TONIGHT.

WE'LL BE BACK NEXT WEEK AND FROM ALL OF US HERE, THANK YOU, AND ENJOY THE GARDEN.