- Welcome to PBS39's Scholastic Scrimmage.

Scholastic Scrimmage is brought to you by the members of PBS39 and by PPL.

Lehigh Valley Reilly Children's Hospital.

Now here's your host, David Graf.

- Hello and welcome to the fifth match of the second round of the 49th season of Scholastic Scrimmage.

I'm your host, David Graf.

Today's match between Allentown Central Catholic and Southern Lehigh will be composed of two halves with a Lightning Round midway through each half.

At halftime, we'll pause as students can introduce themselves and we'll get to know them a little bit better.

As a reminder, this Scholastic Scrimmage requires rapid recall of specific factual information, and it's not necessarily indicative of academic training.

And now let's begin, buzzers ready.

Here's our first toss-up question.

What city, whose namesake Skytree is over 2,000 feet tall, contains the Ginza shopping district and was formerly called Edo?

It is also the capital... Southern Lehigh.

- Tokyo.

- Tokyo is correct.

It is also the capital of Japan.

For your bonus, what senator and senior pastor at Atlanta's Ebenezer Baptist Church won re-election in 2022 by defeating Herschel Walker in a runoff election?

- Thomas Goode.

- That is incorrect.

Raphael Warnock is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what organ which in Purkinje fibers conducts electrical signals, contains the tricuspid valve between the right atrium and ventricle?

Southern Lehigh?

- The heart?

- That is correct, and it also pumps blood.

For your bonus, what man wrote about Charles Condamine, whose first wife is unintentionally resurrected as a sarcastic ghost in his play Blithe Spirit?

- Shakespeare?

- That is incorrect.

Noel Coward is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what governing document which retained the sovereignty, freedom and independence of each state, was replaced in 1789 by... Central Catholic?

- The Articles of Confederation.

That is correct, and it was replaced by the US Constitution.

For your bonus, what kind of energy, which can be calculated as the square of an object's linear momentum, divided by twice its mass?

Go ahead.

- Kinetic energy.

- Kinetic energy is correct.

Next toss-up question, what American company, whose sales of Paxlovid plummeted in 2023, partnered with BioNTech to create the first FDA-approved COVID vaccine?

Central Catholic.

- Pfizer.

- Pfizer is correct.

For your bonus, during what president's administration did alcohol distillers bribe Treasury Department officials in the Whiskey Ring Scandal?

Go ahead.

- Harding - That's incorrect.

Ulysses S. Grant was the president at the time.

Next toss-up question, in September 1870, Henry Washburn named what aquatic landmark a geyser in Yellowstone National Park... Central Catholic.

- Old Faithful.

- That is correct, and it's known for its regular eruptions.

For your bonus, what painter who showed surrendering Confederate officers in Prisoners from the front also made such seascapes as Breezing Up and the Gulf Stream?

- Andy Warhol.

- That is incorrect.

Winslow Homer is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what mathematical things have eigenvalues, and eigenvectors...?

Southern Lehigh?

Go ahead.

- Vectors.

That is incorrect.

I'll continue the question for Central Catholic ...are invertible if they have a non-zero determinant and are rectangular arrays of numbers?

Central Catholic?

- Matrices.

- Matrices is correct.

For your bonus, what blue video game character lends his name to a protein that directs formation of the brain and spinal cord, and is opposed by the Robotnikinin?

- Sonic.

- Sonic is right.

Sonic the Hedgehog.

And they are known as Sonic Hedgehog proteins.

Next toss-up question, what man wrote the Blue Back Speller textbook and an 1828 work later owned by the...?

Southern Lehigh.

- Webster.

- Webster is correct, and that other work was owned by the Merriam Brothers, and he wrote his American Dictionary of the English language.

That was Webster.

You are correct.

For your bonus, John Wayne was best known for acting in what film genre, exemplified by movies The Searchers and The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance?

- Country... Western.

- Uh, do I have to...?

He did say "country" as the first answer.

Should I take that, judges?

Yeah, unfortunately, we heard that first, so that's incorrect.

It was Western, is the correct answer, but incorrect on this one.

Next toss-up question, in 2022, what island nation expanded its military service requirement, citing increased military exercises...?

Southern Lehigh?

- Taiwan.

- Taiwan is correct, and the military exercises were increased over its namesake strait by the country of China.

For your bonus, in July 2023, what country's central bank kept interest rates at 97% ahead of elections in which incumbent President Alberto Fernandez is not running?

- Argentina.

- Argentina is correct, and as of taping, they last week elected a new president.

Next toss-up question, what metal, scattered electrons in the Davisson-Germer experiment, likely joins with iron to form the Earth's inter-crust... ...intercore, excuse me, and has the atomic symbol...?

Southern Lehigh.

- Nickel?

-That is correct, and it has the atomic symbol Ni.

For your bonus, in astronomy, what is the term of the zone around a star within which a planet could support liquid water?

- The Goldilocks Zone.

- The Goldilocks Zone is correct.

Or we would have also taken the habitable zone.

Both are correct.

And with that, we have reached the first Lightning Round.

In a pre-match coin toss, It was determined that Central Catholic will pick between the following topics of Hercules' Labors or Domes of the World.

- Domes are the World.

- Domes of the World it is.

- Central Catholic, your topic is Domes of the World.

In what present-day country can one find these domes or domed buildings?

The Hagia Sophia.

- Turkey.

- Correct.

The Taj Mahal.

- India.

- Correct.

Monticello.

- United States.

- Correct.

The Reichstag Building.

- Germany.

- Correct.

The Biosphere.

A museum built for Expo '67.

- America.

The USA - America.

- That is incorrect.

St Basil's Cathedral.

- Russia.

- Correct.

The Shwedagon Pagoda.

- China.

- That is incorrect, and also no conferring.

We just want to hear the first answer that comes to mind.

Royal Albert Hall.

- Canada.

- Incorrect.

Sheikh Zayed Mosque, in Abu Dhabi.

- Dubai.

- Incorrect.

The mausoleum of Timur, in Samarkand.

- Pass.

- Last one's a tough one.

It's Uzbekistan, is where that dome is located.

Over to Southern Lehigh.

Southern Lehigh, you have Hercules' Labors.

Answer the following about Hercules' 12 Labors.

Water monster with regenerating heads that he killed.

- Hydra.

- Correct.

- Queen of the Amazons, whose girdle... - Hippolyta?

- Correct.

Kind of building owned by Aegeus that he rerouted a river to clean.

- Stable?

- Correct.

Three-headed dog of the underworld... - Cerberus.

- Correct.

Golden fruit he took from the... - Apples.

- Correct.

Titan he rescued who brought fire to mankind.

- Prometheus.

- Correct.

Creature he drove from their home in the swamp of Stymphalia?

- Birds?

- That is correct.

The twin sister of Apollo whose... - Artemus.

- Say it again.

- Artemus.

- That is correct.

- The creature imprisoned in the labyrinth whose father, the Cretian... - The Minotaur.

- Correct.

The wisest centaur and teacher of Achilles... - Chiron.

- Say it again.

- Chiron.

- Chiron is correct.

Very good.

You know your Hercules' Labors.

We'll continue on with the match with the following toss-up question.

What former Tennessee governor, called Raven while he lived among the Cherokee, won the battle of San Jacinto and was the first president of Texas?

- Central Catholic.

- Sam Austin.

- That is incorrect.

Over Southern Lehigh.

No conferring, it's a toss-up.

The correct answer is Sam Houston.

Very close there, Toby.

Sam Austin, you're thinking of one of the other founding fathers of Texas.

Next toss-up question, what river contains the massive Rybinsk Reservoir, names a city formerly known as Stalingrad?

- Central Catholic.

- Volga.

- That is correct.

The Volga River is also the longest in Europe.

For your bonus, what biblical man who had a disciple with a similar name confronts the prophets of Baal at Mt.

Carmel, and is taken to Heaven in a chariot of fire?

You could just say it.

- Elijah.

- Elijah is correct.

Next toss-up question, what adjective indicates a planet closer to the sun than another, or an anatomical feature below another, such as the lower branch of the vena cava?

Inferior, or an inferior planet is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what King presided over most of the Amarna-style art creation, was the husband of Nefertiti, and was a pharaoh... Southern Lehigh.

- Tutankhamen.

That is incorrect.

I'll continue the question for Central Catholic.

...and was a pharaoh who started a religion centered on Aten?

Go ahead, Central Catholic.

- Akhenaten.

That is the correct answer.

For your bonus, ancient Romans credited the invention of plowing to what Roman goddess who was celebrated in weddings and at harvest time?

- Uh, Demeter.

- Demeter is incorrect.

Ceres is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what novel in which Arthur Holmwood provides Lucy Westenra with a blood transfusion depicts Dr. Van Helsing's... Southern Lehigh.

- Dracula.

- That is correct.

To defeat the title vampire.

The vampire is Dracula.

For your bonus, the Peace of Pressburg was signed in the aftermath of what 1805 battle in which Napoleon's victory demolished the third coalition?

- Battle of Moscow.

- No, that is incorrect.

The Battle of Austerlitz is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what quantity, which is equal to the DOT product of force and velocity is defined as the work done per unit time, and is measured in watts?

Southern Lehigh?

- Power.

- Power is correct.

For your bonus, what novel, which Royall Tyler translated about a millennium after it was written, during the Heian period is often considered the first novel?

- The Tale of Genji.

- Tell your captain.

- The Tale of Genji.

- The Tales of Genji is correct.

Next toss of question, what country which operates Aramco company that manages its massive petroleum reserves, is home to the holy cities of Medina and Mecca?

Southern Lehigh.

- Saudi Arabia.

- Saudi Arabia is correct.

For your bonus, what Russian composer, whose first symphony is nicknamed The Classical, wrote a concert-length ballet based on Romeo and Juliet?

- Tchaikovsky.

- That is incorrect.

It's Sergei Prokofiev, is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what animal form is taken by a namesake grandmother protector figure in Navajo myth and by a cunning storyteller from West African myth named Anansi?

- Southern Lehigh.

- Spider.

- A spider is correct.

For your bonus, what mathematician wrote the 13 book treaties known as the Elements?

- Euclid.

- Euclid is correct.

And with that, we have reached half time.

Allentown Central Catholic trails Southern Lehigh with a score of 100 to 170.

Now let's take a moment to get to know the students better.

They'll introduce themselves with their first and last name, grade level, and the answer to the following question.

Let us know about a favorite hobby or collection that you have.

We'll go over to Central Catholic first.

Ben, go ahead.

- I'm Ben Keenan, I'm a senior at Central Catholic, and my favorite hobby is playing guitar.

- Cool.

- I'm Matthew Keenan.

My favorite hobby is playing tennis.

- All right, Toby.

- I'm Toby Bruhn.

I'm a senior.

My favorite hobby is biking.

- My name is Anna Edwards.

I'm a senior, and I really like to bake.

- Excellent, now over to Southern Lehigh.

Kishore?

- I'm Kishore, I'm a senior, and I like to play tennis.

- I'm Owen Cobb, I'm a senior, and I love playing volleyball.

- I'm Ella Chandler.

I'm a junior, and I like listening to music.

- I'm Matthew Allen, I'm a sophomore, and I like to cook.

- All right now, Kishore, have you played anybody on Central Catholic in tennis?

Anyone look familiar?

There's somebody that was into tennis, yeah?

- We definitely play, like, every season.

- All right.

Excellent.

So competitors both on the tennis court and here on this Scholastic Scrimmage stage.

And now, we'll continue on with the second half of the match with the following toss-up question.

It's in math, pencil and paper ready.

What is the smallest positive integer that, when squared, produces a value greater than 300, given 15 squared equals 225?

- Central Catholic.

- 18.

- 18 is correct.

For your bonus, B.R.

Ambedkar was the leader of what Indian social group who were often ostracized and left out of the Hindu caste system?

Go ahead.

- Untouchables.

That is correct.

We'll take that.

Untouchables or the Dalits are correct.

Next toss-up question, what song which reached Billboard number one in 2019, 25 years after its release, describes just one thing I need and is a seasonal Mariah... Central Catholic.

- "All I Want For Christmas Is You".

- That is correct.

And we are taping right in the Christmas season, so I've already heard it maybe like 50 times, and we're only a few days into it.

For your bonus, toys are discarded after a boy contracts scarlet fever in what Marjorie Williams book, which is named after a stuffed bunny who becomes real?

- The Velveteen Rabbit.

- The Velveteen Rabbit is correct.

Next toss-up question, what mountain range passes through the city of Ouarzazate, is home to various ethnic Berber groups, and stretches across Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco?

Southern Lehigh.

Quickly.

- The Zagreb Mountains.

- That is incorrect.

Over to Central Catholic.

The Atlas Mountains is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what man who described life as "a crack of light between two eternities of darkness" in his book Speak Memory wrote about Humbert Humbert in Lolita?

Central Catholic.

- Nabokov.

- Vladimir Nabokov is correct.

For your bonus, William McKinley spearheaded a tariff passed during the presidency of what man, whose term was sandwiched between those of Grover Cleveland?

- Benjamin Harrison.

- Benjamin Harrison is correct.

Next toss-up question, what phylum, whose members have an internal skeleton of spicules and use filter feeding...?

Central Catholic.

- Cordata.

- That is incorrect.

I'll continue on for southern Lehigh.

...consists of simple invertebrates once used to absorb liquids?

Porifera, or commonly-known sponges, is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what document, which consists of 63 clauses and was made in response to rebellion by powerful barons was signed by King John...?

Central Catholic.

- Magna Carta.

- That's right.

And it has a Latin name.

For your bonus, the pituitary and pineal glands are part of what body system?

- Endocrine.

- The endocrine system is correct.

Next toss-up question, Willy steals money from Walter Younger in what play that inspired...?

Central Catholic?

- A Raisin in the Sun.

- A Raisin in the Sun is correct.

For your bonus...

The Tlatelolco...

Excuse me, theTlatelolco massacre of student protesters in 1968 happened less than a week before the start of what international event in the same city?

- Olympics.

- The Olympics is correct, and it happened in Mexico City.

That is the correct answer.

The next toss-up is in math, pencil and paper ready.

What integer equals the value of 48% of 75, given that the same integer equals 75% of 48?

Central Catholic.

- 36.

- 36 is correct.

For your bonus, what term for a specific type of young bird is also the surname of a Canadian actor who played Neil Armstrong in the 2018 film First Man?

- Gosling.

- Gosling is correct, for Ryan Gosling.

Next toss-up question, in 2023, what country launched the Slim Lunar Lander, nicknamed the Moon Spider, which was developed by the JAXA organization, which is headquartered in Tokyo?

Southern Lehigh.

- Japan.

- Japan is correct.

For your bonus, what of the largest Greek Dodecanese islands was formerly the site of an ancient colossus?

- Rhodes.

- Rhodes is the correct answer, and that's the Dodecanese Islands.

Sorry for that mispronunciation.

You still got the correct answer in Rhodes.

Next toss-up question, what author of Beyond Freedom and Dignity studied animals in his namesake box, and was a behaviorist psychologist who researched operant conditioning?

Southern Lehigh.

- Pavlov.

- That is incorrect.

Central Catholic.

Go ahead.

- Freud.

- Incorrect.

B.F. Skinner is the correct answer.

And with that, we have reached the second Lightning Round.

Southern Lehigh, you'll get to pick between the following topics, Shortstops or Arizona.

- Arizona.

Arizona?

Okay, Southern Lehigh, your topic for the second Lightning Round is Arizona.

Answer the following questions about Arizona.

Its capital.

- Phoenix.

- Correct.

Former ninth planet discovered at Flagstaff Observatory.

- Pluto.

- Correct.

1966 Supreme Court case that held that suspects must be read their rights.

- Miranda.

- Correct.

NFL's team that plays in Glendale.

- Cardinals.

- Correct.

Senator who lost the 2008 presidential election.

- McCain.

- McCain is correct.

Corral that names an 1881 gunfight between the Earp and Clanton families.

- Pass.

- Architect of Scottsdale's, Taliesin West and Falling Water.

- Frank Lloyd Wright.

- Frank Lloyd Wright is correct.

We'll take that.

Teenager who moves away from Arizona in Stephanie Meyers' novel Twilight.

- Bella.

- That is correct.

Alternative band from Mesa, whose hits include 2001's "The Middle"?

- Jimmy Eat World.

- That is correct.

- Former news anchor who lost a 2022 election to Governor Katie Hobbs.

And that was Kari Lake.

All right.

Central Catholic, you have Shortstops.

We have a little bit of wind-up on this one, so get ready.

Given a former MLB shortstop, name the team with which he spent all or the majority of his career.

Derek Jeter.

- Yankees.

- Correct.

Ernie Banks.

- Red Sox.

- Incorrect.

Cal Ripken Jr. - Orioles.

- Correct.

Honus Wagner.

- Red Sox.

- Incorrect.

Ozzie Smith.

- Pass.

- Jimmy Rollins.

- The Cubs.

- Incorrect.

Barry Larkin.

- Cubs.

- Incorrect.

Troy Tulowitzki.

- Dodgers.

- Incorrect.

Robin Yount.

- Phillies.

- Incorrect.

Alan Trammell.

- Yankees.

- That'd be the Detroit Tigers.

I think we have a lot of sports trivia questions that come around, but this shortstop topic was particularly difficult.

You had to be a real baseball nerd to be able to get some of those guys.

And I've just been informed by the judges that when they correctly answered Rhodes a few bonus questions ago, the Southern Lehigh team was not credited their five points for the correct answer.

They now have been given the five points and their score has been updated to 215 to Allentown Central Catholic's 225.

We'll continue on with the following toss-up question.

What novel whose antagonists use tripod machines equipped with heat rays...?

Southern Lehigh.

- War of the Worlds.

- War of the Worlds is correct, and it was a novel by H.G.

Wells.

For your bonus, what religion organized in the 20th century whose adherents may wear dreadlocks as a covenant with God, promotes a diet and lifestyle called Ital?

- Rastafarianism.

- Rastafarianism is correct.

Next toss-up question, what campaign included a people's phase led by Peter the Hermit, began at the Council of Clermont in 1095, and created the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem?

Central Catholic.

- The Crusades.

- I need you to be more specific on that one.

- The first Crusade.

- The first Crusades is correct.

For your bonus, what British author wrote about an academic rivalry in her 2005 novel On Beauty, and portrayed three London families in her comic novel, White Teeth?

- Margaret Mitchell.

- That is incorrect, Zadie Smith.

And I highly recommend the novel White Teeth.

It's really a great read.

Next toss-up question, what country is the setting of the Three-Cornered Hat by Manuel de Falla, and where the flamenco dance was originated in the region of...?

Central Catholic.

- Spain.

- That is correct.

It was originated in the country of Spain.

For your bonus, what man established a namesake town in Guyana where he led the People's Temple and a cult whose members committed mass suicide in 1978?

- I forget his name.

- Tell your captain, since it's a bonus.

- Jones.

- Jones?

- Jones is correct.

Jim Jones is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what character, who gets trapped in a cave with the old man of the sea on his back, embarks on seven voyages as a sailor in the Arabian Nights?

And no conferring, buzz if you know it.

It'd be Sinbad.

Sinbad the sailor.

Next toss-up question, what chemistry quantity, whose change is independent of reaction path, according to Hess's Law, is negative for exothermic reactions and is denoted...?

- Enthalpy?

- That is correct.

And it's denoted with H. For your bonus, what Big 12 university, led by quarterback Mike Duggan, or Max Duggan, lost the college football championship game in January 2023?

- Georgia.

- That is incorrect.

It is TCU.

Texas Christian University.

Next toss-up question, what sculpture, which has a crown whose seven spikes represent the continents, was designed by Frederic Auguste... Southern Lehigh.

- Statue of Liberty.

- That is correct, fun fact, the arm with the torch was actually removed and put on display for a while in places like Philadelphia during world fairs.

For your bonus, what author of the story collection Ten Little Indians wrote about the Spokane...?

Go ahead and let your captain know if you know it already.

- Agatha Christie.

- That is incorrect.

It's Sherman Alexie, is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question, what man called his own poems Scattered Rhymes, in Il Canzoniere, a 14th-century book containing many sonnets about his Italian humorist love, Laura.

Central Catholic.

- Dante.

- That's incorrect.

Over to Southern Lehigh.

Go ahead.

- Virgil.

- That's also incorrect.

Petrarch is the correct answer.

Next toss-up question... Oh, and with that, we have reached the end of the game.

Super-close game between two very excellent teams.

Unfortunately for Allentown Central Catholic, with 250 points, you don't quite get there.

Good luck with the rest of your school year.

Southern Lehigh, congratulations, with 255 points, you are on to the third round.

And thank you for watching.

We'll see you next week when Parkland faces off against Jim Thorpe.