Welcome to PBS39's Scholastic Scrimmage.

Scholastic Scrimmage is brought to you by the members of PBS39 and by... PPL is proud to support educational programming on PBS39.

Hello and welcome to the All-star Match of the 47th season of Scholastic Scrimmage.

I'm your host, David Graf.

This year's scrimmage will look a bit different due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

PBS 39 is following all CDC guidelines and that includes pregame temperature checks, students wearing masks during the competition and I'm socially distanced from the teams on set.

And now we'll go on to today's matchup, which features two teams comprised of the top students from the top eight teams in this year's competition.

Let's get to meet them.

They'll say their name, their school and what grade level they're in.

Joseph from Team Einstein, go ahead.

- I'm Joseph, I'm a sophomore from Parkland High School.

- Hi, I'm Divik, I'm a senior from Raven Academy.

- Hi, I'm Brett, I'm a senior from Bethlehem Catholic.

- Hello, I'm Liam and I'm a senior from Pine-Richland High School.

- Hi, I'm Caroline, I'm a senior at Northhampton High School.

- Hi, I'm Colin, I'm a junior at Stroudsburg High School.

- Hello, I'm Tim Bernard, I'm a sophomore at Northwestern Lehigh High School.

- Hello, I'm Ari Bowman and I am a senior at Emmaus High School.

- All right.

The match will feature two halves with a the lightning round mid-way through each half.

At half-time, we'll pause to get to know the students a little bit better.

As a reminder, Scholastic Scrimmage requires rapid recall of specificfactual information, it's not necessarily indicative of academic training.

This is the fun one of the year, let's begin, buzzers ready.

We'll start with the following toss-up.

What galaxy, whose study by Edwin Hubble resolved a great debate, is the largest in the local group and is on...?

Team Newton.

- Andromeda.

- That is correct.

It's on a collision course with the Milky Way.

For your bonus, A daguerreotypist named Holgrave falls in love with Phoebe in what novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne about the Pyncheon family?

- House Of The Seven Gables.

- That is correct.

- Next toss-up.

What woman, whose husband was Prince Charles had an affair with Camilla... Whose husband, Prince Charles, had an affair with Camilla Parker Bowles...?

Einstein.

- Princess Diana Spencer.

- That is correct.

..and was killed in a car crash in 1997, in Paris.

For your bonus, it's in math, pencil and paper ready.

What is the radius of a circle if the quotient of its area divided by its circumference equals three?

- Root three?

I'm sorry, root six?

- Square root of six.

- Incorrect.

It is six.

Just simply six is the answer we were looking for.

Next toss-up.

What South American country, which held seven seats for the Mapuche delegate in a constitutional...?

Einstein team.

- Chile.

- That is correct.

..after it was approved after 2019 protests in Santiago.

For you bonus, Ray Allen holds the NBA's all-time career regular season record for what basketball statistic that did not exist before.

1979?

- Three pointers.

- That is correct, the three point shot.

Next toss-up.

What character, who is called Boss by his mount, Blackjack, and who wields a bronze sword named Anaklusmos...?

Einstein.

- Percy Jackson?

- That is correct.

..he's the son of Poseidon in the book by Richard Riordan.

For your bonus, after Donald Trump's Covid-19 diagnosis, he was taken to what medical center in Bethesda, Maryland, named after a yellow fever researcher?

- Walter Reed.

- That is correct.

Walter Reed National Military Medical Center.

Next toss-up.

People with what condition, which has the DSM-5, had a subtype called Asperger syndrome within its...?

Newton team.

- Autism spectrum disorder.

-Go ahead, Newton team?

- Autism spectrum disorder.

- That is correct.

Autism is the correct answer.

For your bonus, what British Prime Minister oversaw the partition of India and the formation of the National Health Service in the years after World War II?

- Churchill.

- Is incorrect.

Clement Atlee is a correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What city, whose whose attractions include the Vondelpark, the Keizersgracht Canal and the Anne Frank House...?

Newton.

- Amsterdam.

- That is correct.

..and it's the capital of the Netherlands.

For your bonus, the golden ratio is most often represented by what Greek letter?

- Phi.

- Phi is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What last name is shared by a flower girl named Eliza in George Bernard Shaw's play Pygmalion and...?

Newton team.

- Dolittle That is correct.

..and is a fictional character who can talk to animals.

For your bonus, what Italian Renaissance architect designed the buttressless dome at the Florence Cathedral?

- Brunelleschi.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What explorer, who claimed California as New Albion while sailing his Golden Hind around the world, helped England defeat the Spanish Armada?

Einstein team.

- Francis Drake.

- Sir Francis Drake is correct.

For your bonus, the opening line of William Shakespeare's sonnet 130 states, my mistress' eyes are nothing like...what impressive objects?

- Diamonds.

- Incorrect.

The sun is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What element, two atoms of which form the bonds that hold keratin together, is a group 16 element that, in its natural standard state, is a yellow solid?

Einstein team.

- Sulfur.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, Linus Margulis provided evidence for what theory that some organelles were prokaryotes that took up residence in early eukaryotes?

- Endosymbiotic theory.

- That is correct.

And with that, we have reached our first lightning round.

In a pre-match coin-toss, it was determined that the Newton team will get to pick first between the following topics - Presidential Superlatives or Double Zs.

- Double Zs.

- All right, so that means, Einstein group, you will have Presidential Superlatives.

Newton Team, Double Zs.

Give these words that contain consecutive Zs - photographers who follow celebrities.

- Paparazzi - Correct.

Experiencing a loss of balance.

- Dizziness.

- Correct.

Device confining an animal's mouth.

- Muzzle.

- Correct.

Bath with massaging jets.

- Jacuzzi.

- Correct.

Gritty portion of a bird's stomach.

- Gizzard.

- Correct.

Misappropriation of an employer's funds.

- Embezzlement.

- Correct.

Italian term for a public square plaza.

- Plaza.

- Correct.

Adjective for a person, often a veteran, with gray hair.

- Geezer.

- Incorrect.

Vocal range between soprano and contralto.

- Mezzosoprano.

- That is correct.

Noisy performance or activity meant to draw attention.

- Razzle-dazzle.

- That is correct!

Wow, that was one I figured no-one would get!

Tim with the razzle-dazzle!

- That was a razzle-dazzle!

- Literally razzle-dazzle on the final question.

Just, ah...

The gritty portion of a bird's stomach is the gizzard.

- We said that.

- And... Yeah, you guys got that.

Oh, the person for the veteran is grizzled.

- I was close with grizzly.

-Yeah.

- All right, Einstein team, you have Presidential Superlatives.

Name the presidents who hold these distinctions - youngest to hold the office of president.

- John F Kennedy.

- Incorrect.

Youngest to be elected president.

- John F Kennedy.

- That is correct.

Elected president the most times.

- FDR.

- That is correct.

Tallest president, at 6' 4".. - Abraham Lincoln.

- That is correct.

Most electoral votes in a single election, in his 1984 re-election.

- Raegan.

- That is correct.

Only president to appoint multiple women to the Supreme Court.

- Bill Clinton.

- Incorrect.

Only president elected unanimously by the Electoral College.

- George Washington.

- That is correct.

Longest-lived president as of December, 2021.

- Jimmy Carter.

- That is correct.

First president not to be born a British subject.

- Marvin Buren.

- That is correct.

Only president elected while sitting as a member of the House of Representatives.

- Spiro Agnew.

- That's incorrect, it was James Garfield, was the correct answer for that one.

The youngest president to hold office was Theodore Roosevelt.

We will continue on with the match with the following toss-up.

What musical, whose 2021 movie adaptation starred Anthony Ramos, is centered on...?

- In The Heights.

- That is... Go ahead, Newton.

- In The Heights.

- In The Heights is correct.

All of Team Newton knew In The Heights, so that's good.

It was written by Lin-Manuel Miranda.

For your bonus, conservative figure Phyllis Schlafly rallied opponents to what proposed constitutional amendment that officially expired in 1982?

- Equal Rights Amendment.

- That is correct.

Equal Rights Amendment or the ERA.

Next toss-up.

What author included a story about a trip to a bazzar, titled Araby, in his collection Dubliners, which saw print...?

Einstein team.

- Joyce.

- James Joyce is correct.

..eight years before his novel, it was published eight years before Ulysses.

For your bonus, a picture book by Marcus Pfister is named for what aquatic creature who is shunned before giving away his beautiful, iridescent scales?

- It's, like, Rainbow Fish or something?

What's it called?

- Yeah, that sounds right.

- The Rainbow Fish.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What chemist, whose namesake law says equal volumes of gas have equal numbers of particles, names the quantity N, the number of particles...?

Einstein.

- Avogadro.

- That's correct.

..the number of particles in one mole.

For your bonus, in a coordination complex, what term refers to the group that donates electrons to the central metal atom?

- Ligand.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What man, who wrote The Gospel Of Wealth and sold his namesake firm...?

Einstein team.

- Carnegie.

- That is correct.

He sold his namesake firm to JPMorgan in 1901.

For your bonus, Lori Lightfoot is the second woman after Jane Byrne to serve as mayor of what city?

- Chicago.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What painter of Snap The Whip and Breezing Up made many seascapes, including one showing a fishing boat surrounded by sharks titled The Gulf Stream?

Newton team.

- Monet - Incorrect.

Einsteins?

Still a little bit of time.

(BLEEP) Go ahead.

- Wyeth.

- Incorrect.

Winslow Homer is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What author, who wrote the line, "Go to the western gate, Luke Havergal," described a child of scorn who was born too late in his poem Miniver Cheevy?

(BLEEP) Is Eve from Moravians still in the audience?

It would be Edwin Robinson, is the author.

The Next toss-up.

is in math, pencil and paper ready.

What is the discount price of a shirt that normally costs $9 but is now on sale for 10% off?

Einstein team.

- $8.10.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, what slow, courtly dance, whose name may come from the Spanish word for peacock, lends its name to an 1899 Marcel Ravel work for a dead princess?

- Flamenco.

- Incorrect.

Pavane is the name of the stately dance.

So, for this half-time, we're going to do something a little different.

We're going to ask the contestants to respond in real time, and we have the following to ask - in a friendship, what is the most valuable quality that you admire in a friendship?

So, Joseph?

- I think compassion is the most valuable quality.

- All right, excellent.

Divik?

- I'd say honesty is the most admirable quality.

- Great.

Brett?

- I'm going to go with communication.

- Great.

Liam?

- I think reciprocosity.

- Oh, very good, Liam.

Now we'll move on to the Newton team.

Caroline?

- I would go with support, would be the most important.

- All right.

Colin?

- Quite frankly, I believe it's simplicity.

- Very nice.

Colin likes simple relationships, excellent.

Tim?

- I would say empathy.

- Very cool.

And, Ari?

- I would go with transparency is the most important.

- Very good.

All right.

Nice to hear from all of the contestants.

We're going to continue the match with the following toss-up.

In what state, whose governors cannot run for consecutive terms...?

Einstein.

- Virginia.

- Yeah, it's right.

You're guessing the election that just happened.

Terry McAuliffe ran in 2021 to succeed Ralph Northam, his successor in Richmond.

For your bonus, which period of Japanese history, which was preceded by the Nara period, ended after the Kamakura shogunate took power in the Genpei War?

- Edo.

- Incorrect.

It's the Heian period.

Next toss-up.

What British territory, founded it in 1609 as Somers Isle, was one of the destinations of Confederate blockade runners and is the nickname of a triangle?

Newton.

- Bermuda.

- That's correct.

For your bonus, what type of formula, which is CH2O for most simple sugars, is derived by reducing a molecular formula to its simplest term?

- Empirical.

- That is correct.

An empirical formula.

Next toss-up.

What fluid property, related by the Young-Laplace equation to curvature, is caused by cohesive forces and allows water striders to walk...?

Einstein team.

- Surface tension.

- That's correct.

Allows them to walk on water.

For your bonus, Jonas Gahr Store is the Prime Minister of what European country, whose legislature is in the Storting?

- Norway.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What novella, in which the Portuguese Inquisition attempts to execute the philosopher Dr Pangloss, is a 1759 satire of optimism, written by Voltaire?

Newton team.

- Candide.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, Pacific Islanders called Kanakas were enslaved in what Australian state, where the world's first Labor Party government sat in Brisbane?

- New South West?

- Wales.

- Wales?

New South Wales?

- Either one is incorrect, it's Queensland, is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What small country in mainland Africa, which is governed from Banjul, lies along a namesake river and is almost entirely surrounded by Senegal?

Ari.

- Lesthoto.

- That is incorrect.

It's a freebie now for the Einstein team.

Liam?

- Burundi.

- That is incorrect.

The Gambia is the correct country.

Next toss-up.

What weapons were the subject of a 1588 hunt called by Toyotomi Hideyoshi to control ronin...?

Einstein.

- Erm... Samurai Swords?

- Ah... Yeah, we'll take that.

Sword, samurai swords katanas, all acceptable for this answer.

For your bonus, the first star other than the sun to have its angular diameter measured is what red supergiant, found in the same constellation as Rigel?

- Betelgeuse.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What cells are produced after folliculogenesis, develop alongside three polar bodies and pass through...?

Go ahead.

- Eggs.

- Say it again?

- Eggs.

- That is correct.

Ova or eggs is the correct answer.

For your bonus, what pro-slavery South Carolina politician was vice president under John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson?

- Calhoun.

- John Calhoun is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What fiber from the Gossypium plant, which can be separated using a device invented by Eli Whitney, dominated...?

Einstein team.

- Cotton - That is correct.

..dominated the economy of the Antebellum South.

For your bonus, the Coronation Of Poppaea is an opera by what Italian composer, whose L'Orfeo is the oldest opera that is still performed today?

- Monteverdi.

- Claudio Monteverdi is the correct answer.

Next toss-up.

What book once had seven variation editions called Ahruf, was revealed in the Cave of Hira to the Angel Jibril and is the sacred text of Islam?

Einstein.

- The Koran.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, what German-speaking author wrote about an ancient Indian follower of the Buddha in his 1922 novel Siddhartha?

- Hermann...Hesse.

I don't know if it's Hesse or Hess.

- Hess?

- Yeah, Hess, Hesse, we'll take either one.

Next toss-up.

What cabinet position, which was held by four of the first six presidents, beginning...?

Einsteins.

- Secretary of State.

- That is correct.

..beginning with Thomas Jefferson is in charge of foreign affairs?

The bonus is in math, pencil and paper ready.

What is the smallest number that satisfies the inequality 4 - X squared is greater than or equal to 0?

- Wait, the smallest number?

So, negative 2?

- Negative 2.

- That is correct.

X equals negative 2.

In the second lightning round, the Einstein team, you'll get to pick between the topics of Headwear or Antarctica.

- I'm feeling Headwear.

- Headwear?

Really?!

- I heard Headwear, do we want to go Headwear?

- Uh, no... OK, sure.

- Let's go Headwear for Einstein.

Einsein's going to go Headwear, - There's so many things.

All right, Einstein team, Headwear.

Ready for this one?

Name these hats, Einstein team - A five-letter word for a soft cap, stereotypically worn by French people.

- Beret.

- That is correct.

Straw hat made in Ecuador, not its namesake country.

- Sombrero.

- Incorrect.

Wide-brimmed Mexican hat.

- Sombrero.

- Correct.

Felt hat named for a Moroccan city.

- Fez.

- Correct.

Hat worn by Uncle Sam.

- Top hat.

- That is correct.

Brimless headwear worn by male Orthodox Jews.

- Yarmulke.

- Incorrect.

Oh, it is correct.

All right, we're taking that.

Kippah was the other answer that could have accepted.

Round, felt hat in many Rene Magritte paintings.

- Derby.

- Incorrect.

Oh, that is correct, we'll take derby.

Or bowler hat would be correct.

Hat worn by Catholic bishops.

- Miter.

- Very good, Bethlehem Catholic.

Chef's hat.

- Chef hat?

- Chef's hat, the tall hat they wear.

- No clue.

- Pass.

- It's a toque.

And Scottish cap, named for a Robert Burns poem.

- Bagpipe.

- Incorrect.

It's a Tam o' Shanter.

I had no clue, I had to look that one up.

Newton team, you have Antarctica.

Answer the following about Antarctica - Animal, whose large emperor variety lives... - Penguin.

- Correct.

Layer of the stratosphere with a large hole over Antarctica.

- Ozone.

- That is correct.

The South Pole's latitude in degrees south.

- 90.

- That is correct.

Norwegian who was the first to reach the South Pole?

- Amundsen .

- That is correct.

Roald Amundsen.

South American archipelago that is the nearest major landmass to Antarctica.

- Falkland Islands.

- Incorrect.

Tierra del Fuego is the correct answer.

Largest Antarctic research station, named for a British naval officer.

- Ross Island.

- Incorrect.

McMurdo Station is the correct answer on that one.

Largest ice shelf in Antarctica.

- The Ross Ice Shelf.

- That is correct.

Massif is the continent's highest mountain.

What Massif?

- Vinson.

- That is correct.

Explorer whose ship Endurance sank in Antarctica in 1915.

- Cook.

- Incorrect.

European country that claims the territory Adelie Island.

(BLEEP) - Norway.

- So, the explorer was Shackleton and France is who claims the island.

All right, we'll start the final quarter of our All-Star match with the following toss-up.

What band who urge, "So don't delay, act now," in the song Walking On The Sun proclaimed only shooting...?

Einstein team.

- Smash Mouth.

- That's correct.

..only shooting stars break the mold.

For your bonus, Mrs Morel tries to control her son, a young artist named Paul, in what British author's 1913 novel Sons And Lovers?

- Smith.

- Nope.

DH Lawrence is the correct answer we were looking for.

Next toss-up.

What war, in which George Dewey destroyed an enemy navy at Manila Bay, saw the Rough Riders fight at San Juan Hill...?

Einstein.

- Spanish-American War.

- That is correct.

..that led to the US acquiring Cuba.

For your bonus, most of the Philippines' Muslim population lives on what second-largest of the country's islands, which is home to Davao City?

- Borneo.

- Incorrect.

Mindanao is the correct island.

Next toss-up.

What author described the wind whispering, "All as well," and wrote the line, "One if by land and two if by sea," in his historical poem Paul Revere's Ride?

Newton team.

- Emerson.

- Incorrect.

Einsein, got a little bit of time left.

(BLEEP) Henry Longfellow was who we were looking for.

Next toss-up.

What phenotypes, for which Karl Landsteiner won a Nobel Prize, are determined by antigens and antibodies and include...?

Einstein team.

- Blood type.

- That's correct.

..and include sets denoted A, B, AB and O.

For your bonus, what constant, equal to the ratio of a photon's energy to its frequency, has units of joule-seconds?

- Planck's constant.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What man who ordered the deaths of 4,500 Saxons at Verden was the grandson of Charles Martel and was crowned by Pope Leo III as Roman emperor in AD 800?

Newton team.

- Charles V. - That is incorrect.

Einstein team?

Joseph, go ahead.

- Charlemagne.

- That is correct.

For your bonus, in 1911, future Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins witnessed what fire that killed 146 workers at a namesake New York City garment factory?

- Triangle Shirtwaist fire.

- That is correct.

Next toss-up.

What TV show, on which Candice Patton plays journalist Iris West Allen, stars...?

Einstein team.

- The Flash.

- That is correct.

..stars Grant Gustin as a metahuman.

For your bonus, catamaran, a word for a type of boat, comes from the Dravidian language spoken by what second-most populous ethnic group in Sri Lanka?

- Tamilains?

I don't know.

- Tamilians?

- That is correct.

Tamilians or the Tamil language is correct.

Next toss-up.

What author created lawyer Gabriel Uttson, who worries about a physician's link to a repellent man in The Strange Case Of Dr Jekyll And Mr Hyde?

That's Gabriel Utterson, sorry.

Created the lawyer Gabriel Utterson.

(BLEEP) Robert Stevenson is the author that we're looking for.

(BUZZER) And with that, we've reached the end of our All-Star match.

Thank you very much to both teams.

The Einsteins win with 495 points, the Newtons, 250.

Thank you very much for joining us.

To everybody who participated, good luck with the rest of your school year, and thank you for tuning in.

We'll see you next year for the 48th season of Scholastic Scrimmage.