ALL THE BEAUTIFUL SCENERY THE INDIANS LEWIS AND CLARK THE APPALOOSA POTATO MAN IDAHO... IT'S BIRDS, MOUNTAINS, TREES, CITIES, PEOPLE AND FLOWERS.

GEOGRAPHY TIES IT ALL TOGETHER.

GEOGRAPHY IS THE STUDY OF THE EARTH AND ALL THE LIVING THINGS ON IT.

COME LEARN ABOUT GEOGRAPHY.

THE VIEW FROM THE TOP OF MOUNT BALDY HERE AT SUN VALLEY IS REALLY BEAUTIFUL.

HI, I'M PHYLLIS EDMUNDSON.

THIS IS A BEAUTIFUL PART OF IDAHO.

BUT THERE'S MORE TO IDAHO'S GEOGRAPHY.

IDAHO IS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE.

IT'S BETWEEN THE 42ND AND THE 49TH PARALLEL.

IT'S SURROUNDED BY WASHINGTON AND OREGON, MONTANA AND WYOMING, UTAH AND NEVADA AND CANADA.

IDAHO WAS THE 43RD STATE.

THERE ARE MANY MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, AND HIGH DESERT PLAINS.

HOW DO YOU THINK THIS AFFECTED THE FIRST IDAHOANS?

LONG AGO, SIX MAJOR NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES LIVED IN IDAHO.

MANY LIVED NEAR RIVERS IN IDAHO.

IT WAS EASIER TO FIND FOOD THERE.

PEOPLE SETTLED IN A PLACE BECAUSE OF FOOD, WATER OR TIMBER.

MINERS CAME TO IDAHO IN SEARCH OF GOLD.

WHERE DID THEY SETTLE?

THEY SETTLED NEAR THE GOLD OR OTHER MINERALS.

LIKE THE TOWN OF WALLACE.

MINERS CHANGED THE WAY AN AREA LOOKED BY BUILDING A TOWN OR BY DIGGING FOR GOLD.

HOW WOULD THIS CHANGE AN AREA'S GEOGRAPHY?

MANY PEOPLE CAME TO IDAHO TO LOG, FARM AND MINE.

MOVING THINGS AROUND IDAHO HAS ALWAYS BEEN A PROBLEM.

THE MOUNTAINS WERE TOO TALL.

AND THE DESERTS WERE TOO BIG.

BUT IDAHOANS NEVER GAVE UP.

THEY USED RIVERS AND LAKES AS ROADS.

IDAHO HAS MANY MILES OF RIVERS AND THOUSANDS OF LAKES.

THE SALMON RIVER IS A VERY LONG RIVER.

LEWIS AND CLARK TRIED TO FLOAT DOWN IT.

NOW, MANY PEOPLE FLOAT THE SALMON.

THE CLEARWATER RIVER IS NOT AS WILD.

LOG DRIVES WERE VERY COMMON ON THE CLEARWATER.

A LOG DRIVE LASTED TWO TO THREE WEEKS.

MANY MEN HELPED MOVE THE LOGS DOWNSTREAM.

STEAMBOATS BROUGHT SOME PEOPLE TO IDAHO.

THERE WERE MANY ON LAKE COEUR D'ALENE.

WHAT WOULD IT BE LIKE TO RIDE ON A STEAMBOAT?

TODAY MANY SHIPS COME TO THE PORT OF LEWISTON.

LEWISTON IS THE LOWEST POINT IN THE STATE.

IT WAS IDAHO'S FIRST CAPITAL.

WHY WAS THE CAPITAL MOVED TO BOISE?

BECAUSE IT WAS CLOSER TO THE CENTER OF IDAHO.

ALSO, THERE WERE MORE PEOPLE LIVING THERE.

MANY PEOPLE WERE LIVING NEAR THE SNAKE RIVER.

THE SNAKE RIVER STARTS NEAR YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK.

IT'S MORE THAN 1000 MILES LONG.

WHY DO YOU THINK IT WAS NAMED THE SNAKE RIVER?

NOW, MANY PEOPLE LIVE IN THE SNAKE RIVER BASIN.

IT'S GOOD FARMLAND.

WHAT FAMOUS CROP GROWS THERE?

HOW ABOUT POTATOES.

SETTLERS USED WATER TO TURN THE DESERT INTO FARMLAND.

LATER, DAMS WERE BUILT.

THEY PROVIDED ELECTRICITY AND A PLACE TO RELAX.

DAMS CHANGE THE FLOW OF A RIVER.

THIS MAY BE THE CAUSE OF SMALLER NUMBERS OF SALMON IN IDAHO.

ARE THERE OTHER WAYS WE HAVE CHANGED OUR ENVIRONMENT?

SUN VALLEY GETS A LOT OF SNOW.

CHALLIS GETS LESS THAN 1 FOOT OF RAIN AND SNOW PER YEAR.

BUT WALLACE GETS THE MOST WITH 46 INCHES.

WHY THE DIFFERENCE?

IT'S THE LOCATION OF IDAHO'S MOUNTAINS.

IDAHO HAS MORE THAN 80 MOUNTAIN RANGES.

THE TALLEST MOUNTAINS ARE IN THE LOST RIVER RANGE.

THE LONGEST RANGE IS THE SELWAY-BITTERROOT.

IT'S HARD TO GET AROUND IN IDAHO'S MOUNTAINS.

BUT THAT'S WHERE THE GOLD AND TIMBER ARE.

PEOPLE BRAVED THE COLD WINTER WEATHER.

NOW PEOPLE LIKE THE MOUNTAINS.

THEY'RE BEAUTIFUL.

THERE'S A LOT OF THINGS TO DO THERE.

THERE ARE MORE THAN 10 NATIONAL FORESTS IN IDAHO.

AND THERE'S MORE LAND OWNED BY THE GOVERNMENT.

SOME OF THAT IS HIGH DESERT.

IN OWYHEE COUNTY, IF YOU IRRIGATE DESERT, IT CAN BE FARMLAND.

IT CAN ALSO BE GRAZED BY CATTLE AND SHEEP.

IMAGINE CROSSING THE DESERT IN A COVERED WAGON.

WHAT KIND OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS LIVE HERE?

IDAHO HAS TWO DIFFERENT TIME ZONES, MOUNTAIN AND PACIFIC.

WHEN IT'S NOON IN TWIN FALLS, IT'S ONLY 11 A.M.

IN SANDPOINT.

WHY DOES IDAHO HAVE TWO DIFFERENT TIME ZONES?

LOOK AT IDAHO'S DIFFERENCES IN SOME OF ITS CITIES.

BONNERS FERRY IS LOCATED IN IDAHO'S PANHANDLE.

MCCALL IS NEAR PAYETTE LAKE.

IN THE WINTER, IT HAS ICE SCULPTURES.

SALMON IS NEAR THE FRANK CHURCH RIVER OF NO RETURN WILDERNESS AREA.

THE WILDERNESS AREA WAS NAMED AFTER SENATOR FRANK CHURCH.

IN THE SOUTHEAST IS PRESTON.

IT'S ONE OF THE OLDEST TOWNS IN IDAHO.

PRESTON HAD THE FIRST DEPARTMENT STORE IN IDAHO.

ONE CITY IS IDAHO'S CAPITAL.

CAN YOU NAME IT?

HOW ABOUT BOISE.

BOISE IS IDAHO'S LARGEST CITY.

IT IS CALLED THE CITY OF TREES.

COUNTIES ARE ALSO AN IMPORTANT PART OF IDAHO.

BONNEVILLE COUNTY IS IN SOUTHEASTERN IDAHO.

IT HAS FARMLAND, DESERT AND MARSHLAND.

CANYON COUNTY IS IN SOUTHWESTERN IDAHO.

THE CLIMATE THERE IS GOOD FOR GROWING MANY DIFFERENT CROPS.

LATAH COUNTY IS IN NORTHERN IDAHO.

MOSCOW IS THE COUNTY SEAT.

WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A CITY AND A COUNTY?

IDAHO HAS LOTS OF BEAUTIFUL PLACES.... LIKE THE STATE'S HIGHEST MOUNTAIN.

MOUNT BORAH, AT 12,662 FEET.

THE CITY OF ROCKS.

HERE, HOMESTEADERS WROTE THEIR NAMES ON THE ROCKS.

THE 1000 SPRINGS AREA IN THE HAGERMAN VALLEY.

THIS AREA IS FAMOUS FOR ITS TROUT FARMS.

HELLS CANYON IS THE DEEPEST CANYON IN NORTH AMERICA.

IT'S OVER 8000 FEET DEEP.

THERE'S ISLAND PARK, WHERE YOU CAN FIND SOME GREAT FISHING.

IT'S CLOSE TO YELLOWSTONE PARK.

IN NORTHERN IDAHO THERE ARE 800 YEAR OLD CEDARS.

IDAHO... IT HAS A UNIQUE PLACE IN THE WORLD.

IT HAS MOUNTAINS, LAKES, RIVERS AND HIGH DESERT PLAINS.

WE HAVE CHANGED OUR ENVIRONMENT.

IDAHO HAS LOTS OF BEAUTIFUL PLACES.

IDAHO'S HISTORY HAS BEEN AFFECTED BY ITS GEOGRAPHY.

GEOGRAPHY AFFECTS US.

GET OUT AND EXPLORE IDAHO.

THERE ARE MANY THINGS TO DO HERE.

I'LL SEE YOU AGAIN NEXT TIME.