(chimes ringing) Magic is creating the illusion that you can defy the laws of nature.

(bright music) (children laughing) (upbeat jazz music) (children laughing) (bottles clinking) (children laughing) (bottles clinking) (bag rustling) ♪ Hey ♪ (upbeat jazz music continues) (metal clanking) (chimes ringing) (children laughing) (children laughing) (bright music) ♪ Hey ♪ (upbeat jazz music continues) (bag rustling) -Yeah!

-Ooh.

-Whoa.

-Wow.

[Audience Member] How did he do that?

-Magic is creating -(audience cheering) the illusion that you can defy the laws of nature.

Science is the study of how the natural world works.

This is science.

-Yeah!

-(mellow jazz music) (audience cheering) Hi.

Have you ever heard of STEM, science, technology, engineering, and math?

Or have you ever heard of STEAM, science, technology, engineering, art, and math?

Hmm, what's the difference?

Well, obviously, three letters, A, R, and T, art.

[Man] Whoo-hoo!

But if you look a little deeper, you'll see there's a much, much, much bigger difference than just three teeny-tiny letters.

That difference is story.

[Audience] Yeah!

Story?

You mean like in fairy tales, and books, and stuff like that?

Yeah.

Story includes fairy tales, books, and movies, and TV shows, and graphic novels.

But story is so much more than that.

Story is what helps us decide the good things we can do in the world.

And with science, technology, engineering, and math, our stories set the STEM goals and objectives we pursue.

And great story comes to us through art and artists.

You see, story matters in everything we humans do.

Humans are story machines.

It's how our heads and hearts understand the world.

[Man] Oh.

[Steve] We make sense of the world- [Man] Oh.

Through story.

-And we humans -(electronics chirping) make up lots of stories, good stories or bad stories, empowering stories, disempowering stories, ugly stories, beautiful stories, uplifting and inspiring stories, terrible, horrible stories that hurt people, wonderful, amazing stories that heal people.

We make up stories for everything.

(woman yawns) Stories are how humans process the world and give the events of our lives meaning and purpose.

Don't believe me?

Check this out.

What does this picture mean?

What's the story?

What story are you seeing?

What about this one?

What does this picture mean?

What's the story?

What story are you seeing?

Okay, there's not even a person in this picture, but it's also telling a story, isn't it?

What does this picture mean?

Could it mean that one person refusing to be mean can stop meanness from spreading?

That's a good story.

And it's a good story because it's true.

Each one of these pictures has meaning because you gave it meaning.

You gave it a story, and good stories matter.

In reality, these are just images made up of thousands of pixels.

But you saw it and your mind made a story for it.

Your mind did it.

Your mind uses a story for everything in the world.

Do you have a favorite TV show?

Do you have a favorite musical artist?

Do you have a favorite video game?

It's your favorite because of its story.

You and I don't just like or dislike things.

We like or dislike them because of the story.

It totally depends on the story you tell yourself about that TV show, that video game, that musical artist.

(caveman mumbling) The human mind is built to understand the world through story.

Science, technology, engineering, and math need good stories for us -to do good things with it.

-Wow, wow.

Why is it cool -to send astronauts in space?

-(rocket whooshing) The answer is a story.

The story might be that exploration and adventure matter.

The story might be that overcoming obstacles and doing hard stuff is important.

The story might be that we can only appreciate how amazing the Earth is when we look back at it from space and realize how tiny, unique, and magical it is.

Stories give meaning and direction to our careers and our lives.

The artist, or storyteller, really only has one job.

That job is to express themselves and to communicate good stories to others.

They do this by discovering threads of truth about the world and weaving these threads into stories that others can adopt as their own.

It is the artist's job to tell good stories.

And societies need good stories to believe in.

If the story is good enough, that story can create an entire culture or even an entire civilization.

(man laughing) Artists spend most of their time expressing through their art, books, video games, songs, dances, graphic novels, TV shows, movies, paintings, sculpture, drafting, photos, their feelings about living and life.

The more artists we have that can understand STEM and then can create good positive STEM stories, the better the world will be.

Good stories mean we have a much kinder, more joyous, happier, healthier planet for people to live on.

Bad stories mean we have a much meaner, less joyous, unhappier, unhealthy planet for people to live on.

Everyone, including you, has a little bit of artist in them, even if you don't realize it.

-Because art is simply -(ethereal music) using your imagination to create something that wasn't there before.

And the best artists use their imaginations -to create stories -(mellow jazz music) that touch our hearts and our heads.

Great artists inspire us to think in terms of stories that help, not hurt.

The more artists we have that can create good stories, the better the world will be.

In the coming years, STEM is going to grow and grow and grow.

It's going to become an even more powerful part of our lives.

The artist storytellers will be very important in deciding what we will do with all that science, technology, engineering, and math power.

Art can tell us how to use science, technology, engineering, and math in the best ways.

And the great artists will be making the stories that guide the scientists, techs, engineers, and the mathematicians.

We know that science, technology, engineering, and math, science, technology, art, and math are going to be super important to the world in the coming years.

STEM will be key to solving many of the problems we humans face.

But I believe it will also take the artists, the artists that tell the best, most inspiring, and truthful stories, many of these artists will not only be great artists, visionaries, and communicators, they'll also be very good at science, technology, engineering, and math.

Art and STEM are not mutually exclusive.

In fact, -they go together very well.

-(audience cheering) The art supports the science.

Science supports the art.

They make each other better.

Some of the greatest scientists and technological geniuses in history have been fantastic storytellers.

Steve Jobs, founder of Pixar and Apple Computer, was amazingly great at creating and communicating stories about his groundbreaking and world-changing technologies.

Jane Goodall is the most famous primate scientist in history.

She's world famous because she understood how important it was to tell a good story about the wild creatures she loved so much, chimpanzees.

Neil deGrasse Tyson is an astrophysicist who's really, really smart and really, really good at sharing what he knows through story.

If you are interested in writing, dancing, coding, painting, acting, drawing, sculpting, DIY, or making things, consider studying art as well as STEM.

Maybe you'll be the person that tells a story that helps us solve some of the biggest problems we humans face.

Your art, your vision, your dream could make a difference in a world that really, really needs you.

Your insights, your talent, your know-how, your art can change the world.

(chimes ringing) (chimes ringing) What if you were standing in a room with an elephant?

He's a nice elephant, so there's no chance he'll hurt you.

You are blindfolded.

Your shoes are glued to the floor.

And your job is to guess what's in the room with you.

It's an elephant, but you don't know it.

You have to guess using only your hands.

If you're touching his trunk, you might think it's a big, huge snake.

If you're touching his leg, you might think it's a tree.

If you're touching his tail, you might think it's a rope.

Life is like this.

Each of us has only one perspective.

We can only see one part of the elephant.

This is the value of sharing and listening to others.

Other people are touching different parts of the elephant.

You and I will never be able to understand everything, but we can get closer to the truth by getting to know people from other religious traditions, other races, and other places.

Together, we can see the elephant.

(chimes ringing) Magic is creating the illusion that you can defy the laws of nature.

(bright music) (upbeat jazz music) (children laughing) ♪ Hey ♪ (children laughing) (case tapping) (saw whirring) (children laughing) (Steve knocking) (case tapping) (children laughing) (chimes ringing) (children laughing) (case tapping) (nail scratching) (children laughing) (case tapping) (children laughing) (case tapping) (chimes ringing) (children laughing) [Man] Oh, yeah.

(audience applauding and cheering) (Steve claps) (Steve claps) (children laughing) [Audience] Yeah!

[Narrator] Magic is creating the illusion -that you can defy the laws -(audience laughing) of nature.

Science is the study of how the natural world works.

This is science.

-Yeah!

-(mellow jazz music) (audience applauding and cheering) I love skeletons.

Wanna know a secret?

I own a complete human skeleton.

-I do.

-Oh, wow.

And it's not this one.

It's hidden right here inside my skin.

And guess what.

You've got one, too.

[Man] Hmm?

My skeleton has 206 bones.

Yours does, too.

That's a lot, right?

Nope.

Babies are born with more than 300 bones.

So how do adults end up with 206?

(slide whistle descending) -Are bones falling out -(items clattering) of babies?

[Woman] Wah!

Are babies leaving bones lying around?

-Wah!

-Nope.

Babies do not lose bones.

-When we're born, -(spring boinging) some of our bones are soft and flexible, and even have joints to keep them from breaking.

(bass guitar boings) Babies have to be very flexible to be born safely.

Being born -is a really tough business.

-Yeow!

So some of baby's bones are made of cartilage.

Cartilage is the same material that makes up your ear.

(bass guitar boinging) Some of the baby's flexible cartilage grows together and hardens into regular bone as they get older.

See this?

(chimes ringing) This is a bone from a human leg.

It's called a femur.

An average adult male's femur is about 19 inches long.

In many cases, it's longer than an entire whole baby.

Babies have two femurs, each one about three inches long.

Why do I mention baby femurs?

First, because I think it's fun to say baby femurs.

Baby femurs, baby femurs, baby femurs.

Second, to show you that bones are not like rocks.

They grow with you throughout your entire life.

Femurs are the biggest bone in the human body.

It's the top bone in your leg.

Not only do they grow larger, they grow stronger.

Can you guess how strong a femur has to be?

Let me give you some clues.

Humans can take between 1 million and 3 million steps every year.

Hmm.

If you live to be 75 years old, your femur will have survived between 75 million -to 225 million steps.

-(upbeat techno music) Whew.

Can you believe it?

But your femur is amazing.

It can take it.

-Inside of people, -(mellow jazz music) there are big and small bones.

There are 22 bones in just your head.

That includes three tiny bones inside your ear that are the smallest bones in a human.

They are called the malleus, incus, and the stapes.

But because they look a little like other things, they're usually called the hammer, the anvil, and the stirrup.

Hammer?

Mm.

Anvil?

No.

I guess maybe the stapes looks a little like a stirrup.

But the others?

That does not look like any hammer I've ever seen.

And an anvil?

Not even close.

The human stapes is only about two to three millimeters long.

[Man] Itty-bitty.

It's pretty small.

This group of three tiny bones are called ossicles, which means tiny bones.

-Mm-hmm.

-These ossicles are the only bones in your body that do not grow after you're born.

Remember I said there are 22 bones just in your head?

Do you think that includes teeth?

Good question.

Let's compare them and see what we think.

Teeth and bones are both white.

Teeth and bones both contain calcium.

Teeth and bones are both hard.

In fact, teeth are the hardest part of our bodies.

Teeth have enamel, but bones don't.

Hmm.

That's a pretty important difference.

But to me, the biggest difference is that, when you break them, most bones will heal.

Do teeth heal?

No, they don't.

So what do you think?

Are teeth considered bones?

Nope, they are not considered bones.

Bones do what is called remodeling.

Your body is constantly removing old bone cells and rebuilding.

In fact, every 10 years or so, most of your bones have been completely replaced by new bones.

-Ah, yeah.

-Sadly, that is not true of teeth.

You have 20 teeth when you're born and about 32 teeth to take their place as you grow.

If you break one of those adult teeth, a dentist can put a fake one in for you.

But unlike bones, a broken tooth won't grow back.

You may have heard a song that kind of goes, excuse me, son.

♪ The toe bone's connect to the foot bone ♪ ♪ The foot bone's connected to the leg bone ♪ ♪ The leg bone's connected to the knee bone ♪ ♪ The knee bone is connected to the other knee bone ♪ I, I, I don't...

I'm sorry, I don't really know this, I don't really know this song.

(mellow jazz music continues) -It's okay, okay.

-(skeleton rattling) That song might lead you to believe that all of your bones are connected.

That's pretty close to truth.

We have an entire skeletal system and it's all connected, except for one bone.

It's in your neck.

Inside here is a bone called the hyoid bone, and it sits at the bottom of your tongue and is held in place by muscles and ligaments from your skull and neck.

It's not touching any other bone.

The hyoid makes it easier to breathe and eat.

I use mine to talk nonstop about things like hyoid bones.

Let's pull that skeleton out of the closet.

Let's take a look at the back of the skeleton.

The top vertebrae connecting your skull to your spine is called the atlas.

It's a different shape than the other vertebrae.

It's like a ring.

Below that is the vertebrae called the axis.

The way those top two vertebrae fit together make it possible for your head to move back and forth and up and down.

There are usually 26 vertebrae that make up your spine, followed by (skeleton squeaking) the sacrum and the coccyx.

This part of the body is called the thoracic cage.

This is the sternum.

And these are usually 12 pairs of ribs.

Look at all these ribs.

They do look like a cage, don't they?

That's because they are.

These bones create a cage that protect your vital organs.

In the middle of this cage lives your heart and lungs.

They are protected by the ribs and by the vertebral column and sternum.

Your heart and lungs are pretty safe in there.

So far, we've been talking mostly about what is called the axial skeletal anatomy.

That's the bones highlighted here.

They are the middle column of your body.

Your arms and legs are part of what's called the appendicular skeletal anatomy.

This includes the pectoral girdle right here, the clavicle, the scapula, and the arms, the pelvic girdle, hips, and legs.

The appendicular skeletal anatomy.

[Audience] Yeah!

(audience applauding and cheering) (woman mumbling) Bones often come together (skeleton clicking) at joints.

Your shoulders, elbows, hips, knees, knees, and toes.

(tires screeching) (siren blaring) Fingers and wrists are all joints that move.

But there are other types of joints as well.

Remember those 22 bones we have in our head?

A lot of them are a type of joint that doesn't move.

See these skull bones that look like they are sewn together?

These are synarthrosis joints.

These synarthrosis joints moved when you were born and then grew to be solid as you grew older.

Joints that only move a little, like the ones we looked at on the spine like these, are called amphiarthroses.

But most of the joints you think of in your body are diarthrosis.

They move pretty freely.

(spring boinging) There are even different types of diarthroses depending on how a joint moves.

For example, the joints in your fingers, this guy right here only goes this way.

But your shoulders, they rotate all over the place.

(clothes rustling) Bones don't only just hold you up, protect your organs, and help you move.

Inside your large bones is a spongy tissue called bone marrow.

Bone marrow might deserve -to be called the MVP, -(audience applauding) -or most valuable player -(audience cheering) in our body.

That's a pretty big claim, so let me list some of the things that bone marrow does, and see if you don't agree with me.

I'll show you the evidence and you make the call.

-Bone marrow -(clock ticking) makes red blood cells, the ones that carry oxygen to every cell in your body.

-Bone marrow also -(bell dings) makes platelets that help your blood clot to stop you from bleeding.

-Bone marrow -(bell dings) makes white blood cells.

White blood cells help your body to fight off infection.

-Bone marrow -(bell dings) even makes stem cells that can grow into bone, fat, cartilage, and muscle cells.

(bell dings) Whew, I'm exhausted just going through the list.

(bell dings) I told you there are 206 bones in an adult's body, but I didn't mention that over half of that, half of that 206 are just in your hands and feet.

Cool, right?

There are eight carpal bones, five metacarpal bones, and 14 phalanges in each hand.

That's 27 bones in each hand.

(mellow jazz music continues) 26 bones in one foot plus 26 in the other makes 52 plus 27 equals 79 plus another 27 is 106.

Whoo-hoo!

When you're born, your bones are pretty soft and flexible.

And as you grow, they get stronger.

The more you use them, the stronger they get.

But bones can lose strength as you get older.

To keep them strong and healthy, keep doing the things you did to make them strong in the first place.

Exercise, walking, playing, running, jumping.

All of these things can make your bones stronger.

And eating the right foods can help your bones, too.

Anything containing calcium and vitamins, like broccoli, leafy greens, tofu.

Bones need vitamin D to stay strong.

You can get vitamin D from sunlight, so go outside.

If you're playing rough and you might crash on your bike, or your rollerblades, or your skateboard, be sure to wear some protective gear.

Take care of your bones and they will take care of you.

-Ouch, ouch.

-(weights clattering) -Yeow!

-Ouch.

And now something silly.

(lively jazz music) (girl screams) (lively jazz music continues) (lively jazz music continues) (lively jazz music continues) The story might be that exploration and something matter.

Let's try that again.

That looks like... (laughs) Okay.

Well, thank you, skeleton (upbeat rock music) Biologically, chemically, atomically, everything is connected.

(upbeat rock music continues) ♪ Everything is connected ♪ ♪ Everything ♪ [Announcer] Major funding for this program provided by Jason Isbell and Amanda Shires, Keep Alabama Beautiful, and Northrop Grumman.

♪ Yes, the ocean is deep ♪ ♪ And the sky is so high ♪ ♪ And the Earth is so wide ♪ It's a mystery.

But deep down, everyone knows.

♪ Everything is ♪