- Hi, scholars, and welcome to second grade on Read, Write, Roar.

Today, we're going to read and write contractions that include the word not.

We'll also listen to a book to learn more about the desert and the author's main purpose for writing it.

So grab your pencil and your paper and get ready to read, write, roar.

- [Narrator] This program is made possible in part by Michigan Department of Education, the State of Michigan, and the Kresge Foundation.

Additional support for educational programming provided by, and by viewers like you.

(bright upbeat music) - Hello, word builders.

I'm Mrs. Z-K, and this is Loud the lion.

Loud wants to be with us today because he also likes to read, write, roar.

Yes, and Loud is going to help us today with contractions.

Can you say contractions?

Man, that's a big word.

Yes, contractions are made up of two words and we squeeze those words together and out go some letters, usually one or more.

Can you do that with me?

Out goes the letters and then we're gonna go in goes the apostrophe.

Contractions are all around us.

We see them in the books we read all the time and we also use them in our daily talk.

So as you're talking, you're gonna have to start listening and say, oh, I am using contractions.

Absolutely.

Loud are you ready?

I think our scholars are ready too.

we're gonna go ahead and get started.

We're gonna put the first pairs together.

The words are do not.

Oh, here comes Loud.

(roars) Whoa, he roared that o away.

Let's put those sounds together, and we have to put that apostrophe in that o's place.

Because remember when the letter goes out the apostrophe goes in.

Let's look at our new word.

Our new word is don't.

Can you say that?

Don't, nice job scholars.

Yeah, that means the same thing as do not.

Do not do that, don't do that.

All right, scholars, let's go to our second pair.

We have can not.

Loud are you ready to dismiss some of those letters?

Yeah, we put can and not together can already ends with the n, so we're not going to need that extra n in the second word of not.

So when he roars, he might roar just a little bit louder to get rid of the n and the o.

You're ready?

Go ahead.

(roars) Whoa.

We got rid of both of those letters.

And then we're just going to move it closer.

All right, scholars.

Can and not, when we move those letters out we're gonna put that apostrophe in its place and move the rest of the letters closer.

And we have the word can't.

Yes, can and not is the same thing as saying can't, like, I cannot do that, I can't do that.

You're doing great scholars.

I have a longer word for you, but I know you've seen it before or used it before.

The pair is, should not.

I know you've heard that.

You should not be doing that.

Oh, but Loud, he's gonna get rid of that o for us.

(roars) Nice job Loud.

And then remember we need to move it closer.

So as we squeeze them closer that o, we got rid of that o, so we need to put the apostrophe in.

And now our new word is shouldn't.

Yeah, if someone says you should not be doing that, they can say you shouldn't be doing that.

Can you say that word again?

Shouldn't, nice job scholars.

One more.

It will appear as, could not.

Loud, we're ready.

(roars) Nice job Loud getting rid of that o.

So Loud roared that o away, and then what do we need to put in this place?

You're right, we need to put that apostrophe there.

And now our new word is couldn't.

So if you could not do something, you couldn't do it.

Nice work scholars.

What's that Loud?

Loud says that he wants to practice writing these words.

Do you wanna practice with Loud?

Awesome, scholars you're ready?

Remember Loud likes to read, write and roar.

I hope you do too.

So we are going to read these sentences.

Then we're going to have to think for a minute and say what two words in this sentence are a pair that make a contraction word?

You're right, that second word is still going to be the word not.

That's going to be a big clue for you as we read.

Yep, when you see that word not, you know that other word next to it is probably going to be it's pair, and we're gonna put those words together.

Remember when we put them together, you are going to try to write the contraction word on your paper.

So let me go over what that apostrophe looks like again.

It looks just like that comma, but remember it goes at the top of your letters and it goes inside your word wherever you move those letters out of that's where the apostrophe needs to go.

All right, scholars let's get ready.

Go ahead and write number one on your paper.

Let's read this one.

She did not want to go to sleep.

What two words are gonna make a contraction?

She did not want to go to sleep.

You're right.

Did and not are our pair of words.

Go ahead and try to write that on your paper as a contraction word of course.

Loud says don't forget to roar that o out of there and put that apostrophe in.

Let's check your word scholars.

Is this what your word looks like?

Didn't, nice job.

You see where that o used to be as we had to get a word out and we put the apostrophe in its place and then we just squeeze everything together.

Cause it's one word now.

Yeah, let's reread that sentence with our contraction there.

She didn't want to go to sleep.

Awesome job.

Number two scholars.

Go ahead and write number two on your paper.

Let's read it.

They could not go in the store because they forgot their masks.

Oh no.

You gotta have your masks going to the store.

Which two words are we going to put together to make a contraction word?

Listen again.

They could not go in the store because they forgot they were masks.

I heard it.

You heard it too Loud?

Yes it is could and not.

All right, you'll see those pop up.

Go ahead and try.

Try to roar that o out of there and put that apostrophe in.

And remember to squeeze it all together cause that's one word now.

All right, scholars, let's check it out.

Does your word look like this?

The word is couldn't.

Couldn't is the same as could not.

Let's reread that sentence with our contraction word.

They couldn't go in the store because they forgot their masks.

You're doing awesome.

Yes, number three scholars, number three go.

Let's read it.

You should not talk with your mouth full of food.

Loud says he does that all the time.

You shouldn't be doing that Loud.

I think I just used the contraction word.

Did you figure out what two make the pair?

Should and not, absolutely scholars.

Go ahead, roar that o out of there, and put that apostrophe in its place.

Remember to write it all together because it is one word.

Let's check your work scholars.

Does your work look like this without the o and the word not and our apostrophe in its place?

Our word becomes shouldn't.

Let's reread our sentence.

You shouldn't talk with your mouth full of food.

Did you hear that Loud?

It needs to get some manners.

Number four.

All right, let's read it.

Do not go to bed without brushing your teeth.

Ooh, very important rule there.

Did you find the pair?

What's the words that are making our contraction word?

Do and not.

Nice job.

All right, scholars.

Let's roar that o out of there, and put that apostrophe in its place.

Don't forget to squeeze it close.

Let's check your work.

Here is the word don't.

Yeah, we merge do and not, and we made the word don't.

If you notice my word don't has the capital letter because it's going at the beginning of a sentence.

Yeah, so it couldn't be lower case like the rest of them.

Let's reread our sentence.

Don't go to bed without brushing your teeth.

Last one scholars, are you ready?

Oh yeah.

Let's read it.

My mom said that I cannot go outside until I finish my homework.

Oh, did you happen to hear the pair?

That was a long sentence, I wanna read it again.

See if you can find the pair that makes the contraction word.

My mom said that I cannot go outside until I finish my homework.

You heard it that time?

Absolutely.

It is the can and the not.

All right, go ahead and, oh, here's our one more.

We have to do extra loud one, isn't it?

Yes, Loud said, remember, we're extra loud, cause you need to get that n and that o out of there.

And then we're gonna put the apostrophe in.

Go ahead and write it down.

Let's check it out scholars.

Yes, and that contraction word is the word can't.

Can and not, is the same as saying can't.

Let's reread our sentence with our contraction word there.

My mom says that I can't go outside until I finish my homework.

I'm sure all of you have finished your homework class scholars.

Absolutely.

Well, you know what?

We've practiced reading, writing and roaring contraction words today.

I want you to continue practicing adding the word not to other words.

See if you can roar that o, maybe sometimes that n out of there and put that apostrophe in its place.

What contraction words can you come up with?

(bright upbeat music) - Hi scholars, I'm Mrs. Ziegler, let's get ready to read the book, Let's Visit the Desert by Buffy Silverman.

Afterwards, we'll be able to identify the author's main purpose for writing it.

Then we will create a drawing to help us better understand some vocabulary found in the book.

Before we read, we need to go over some words that might be kind of tricky.

Well, hi, Mr. Fox, it's nice to meet you.

He says he wants to show you some of the words.

That'll be fun.

What's our first word.

The first word is scoot.

Can you show us what scoot means?

Yeah, it's kind of like a slide.

Great job, Mr. Fox.

What's the next word?

Dart.

Can you say that?

Dart.

What is dart mean?

Yeah, it means to move really fast, quickly and suddenly, dart.

What's the next word?

Dash.

Can you say that?

Dash.

What does dash mean?

Yeah.

It also means to move quickly and suddenly really fast kind of like dart.

What's the next word Mr. Fox?

Biome.Yeah, say that with me.

Biome.

What does bio mean?

Yeah, it's a large section of earth that includes all the plants and animals that live there.

And it has a certain climate as well.

Yeah.

What's the next word?

Avoid, can you say that one?

Avoid.

What are you doing, Mr. Fox?

I think he's avoiding you right now.

Do you like to avoid the sun in the desert?

Yeah, is that why you go underground?

What's the next word?

Burrow, can you say that?

Burrow.

Yeah, that's where you live.

Burrow is a hole underground.

It can also mean the action where to burrow.

So it's where you live.

A hole in the ground.

The next word is sprout.

Can you say that?

Sprout.

I think he's showing us that it means to grow.

Are you growing like a sprout?

Yeah, you sprout out of the ground.

It can also be an action word.

The next one is survive.

Can you say that?

Survive.

How can you act that out Mr. Fox?

He's just happy to survive.

That means to live.

He's happy to be able to live in the desert and not get eaten by something bigger.

And the last word is habitat.

Can you say that word?

Habitat.

It's a place where animals live.

Their habitat is like their home.

Thanks Mr. Fox.

Now, why don't you go scurry off to your burrow to get a little nap?

All right, readers.

Let's scoot to page 10 to start learning about the desert.

Animals in the Desert.

A roadrunner scoots across the rocky ground.

Can you scoot across the ground?

The bird snaps up a lizard.

Then it darts to a Bush where its nest is hidden.

Can you dart to your nest and come right back?

Roadrunners can dash more than 15 miles per hour.

Can you try to dash in place?

(fast foot steps) This roadrunner has to dash to survive in the desert.

Animals in a desert biome have special ways to get the water they need.

Roadrunners get water from their food.

Roadrunners eat mostly small animals.

Plants are a small part of their diet.

Look at that lizard hanging out of its mouth.

That's very interesting that they get their water from their food.

That's a great adaptation that allows them to survive in that hot desert habitat.

Tok-tokkie beetles live in coastal deserts.

When fog appears, the beetles stand on their heads.

Can you stand on your head like a tok-tokkie beetle?

Water from the fog collects on their backs.

It drips into their mouths.

What a great adaptation that they've discovered to be able to survive.

Many animals avoid the hot desert sun.

In Australia, bilbies did boroughs with their strong claws.

They stayed underground all day.

Bilby burrows can be up to 9.8 feet deep.

They stay underground to stay cool.

It helps them survive.

After sunset, the air is cooler.

Bilbies come out at night.

A bilby's big ears and sharp nose help it find food.

Kit foxes is also spend most of the day underground.

They lose heat through their long ears.

They hunt during the cool night.

Kit foxes hunt for small animals such as rabbits and mice.

That's another wonderful adaptation.

Those big ears help them stay cool.

Many animals flock to desert ponds that fill when it rains.

The ponds don't last long.

They dry up under the hot sun.

Spadefoot toads lay their eggs in desert ponds.

Spadefoot toads hatch in a couple of days.

The baby toads are called tadpoles.

The tadpoles grow quickly before ponds disappear.

Wow, that's an interesting fact and shows how they survive.

Their lifespan is really sped up so they can use that water to help them survive before it dries up.

Spadefoot toads bury in the ground when ponds dry up.

they wait for rain.

Okay, readers, what was the main purpose for that section of the text?

What's that Mr. Fox?

That's right.

It was about the different animals in the desert and what they do to survive in the hot habitat.

He wants to know if you thought of that too.

Let's keep reading.

You go back to your burrow.

Plants in the Desert.

Desert plants survive with little water.

These ocotillo plants look like dead sticks.

But they are alive.

After a rainstorm, ocotillos grow green leaves.

The leaves take in sunlight to make food for the plant.

But the leaves also lose water.

To save water, these plants will lose their leaves when the ground dries.

That's another great adaptation.

They shed their leaves so they can stay alive.

Seeds sprout when rain soaks a desert.

Flowers carpet the ground.

Plants quickly make seeds.

A year or more may pass before another storm.

Then the new seeds can sprout.

Here the desert is with lots of little sprouts coming up.

The purple ones and yellow and green.

Some desert plants store water.

A cactus's shallow roots suck water during a storm.

The plant builds with water.

This cactus is called a prickly pear.

So its roots are shallow and it stores the water inside.

That's another great adaptation.

The cactus's waxy skin keeps water inside.

Animals try to eat juicy cactuses.

Prickly spines often stop the animals.

Other desert plants grow long roots.

They reach far below to find water.

Mesquite tree roots may reach more than 160 feet.

That's as long as four large school buses.

Wow, can you imagine that?

That's pretty deep underground to help that tree to survive?

It has to reach that far to find water.

(bright upbeat music) Okay, readers, what was the main idea of that section of the text?

Here comes Mr. Fox again.

You got it.

He said that it was about the different plants and how they survive in the hot habitat.

Is that what you thought of?

Great job.

Now let's review our vocabulary words that Mr. Fox showed us about at the beginning.

First we had scoot, dart and dash.

Those were all ways of moving that meant to kind of move quickly and suddenly.

Then we had biome, which was a large area of land.

It had a specific climate and certain animals and plants.

Avoid, means to keep away from something.

Burrow, the hole underground.

Sprout, to grow.

Survive, to stay alive.

And habitat, which is the home of animals.

Do you think that you could create a drawing of a desert biome and use those words to label your picture?

The purpose of doing this is to be able to use those words to help you better understand what they mean, and then you can tell somebody else about it and they'll understand as well.

Watch as I show you mine.

(bright upbeat music) Here is my desert biome.

I drew a line across the middle of the page, and I tried to show the underground.

Here, I drew a big tree with those long roots and a little mouse.

He's right there so he can avoid that hot sun.

Here is a roadrunner.

Look at him dash across the desert.

Here is the burrow for Mr. Fox.

He is waiting underground for his little Kit fox.

Look at the Kit fox dart away from the snake as the snake scoots across the desert.

Knowing the meaning of those words helps you understand the purpose for the author writing the book to teach you all about how those animals and plants survive a hot desert biome.

Thanks for joining us today.

And we'll see you again on the next read, write, roar.

- [Narrator] This program is made possible in part by Michigan Department of Education, the State of Michigan, and the Kresge Foundation.

Additional support for educational programming provided by, and by viewers like you.

(bright upbeat music)