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♪ [surf washing] ♪ MICHAEL ROIZEN: Living and thriving to 100, 120, even 130 years old.

Believe it or not, this will become increasingly common over the next decade.

SHAI EFRATI: There will be people over here above the age of 100, above the age of 150, which are fully functioning, with a huge amount of knowledge and life experiences that they gain but still functioning.

ROIZEN: The near future where the human life span and the quality of our older years increases dramatically thanks to groundbreaking scientific and technological breakthroughs.

TIMOTHY CHAN: There's many types of new, novel therapeutics that are on the horizon.

Many of them are designed to try to address the effects and mitigate the effects and cure some of the diseases associated with the aging immune system.

ROIZEN: Your challenge?

Make certain you can afford to live younger longer.

PETER LINNEMAN: You've got to keep your financial health in shape, and it's very simple.

It really is very simple.

JEAN CHATZKY: Save and invest, save and invest, save and invest.

LINNEMAN: Defer consuming now.

ROIZEN: And stay alive and well enough to take advantage of the breakthroughs on the horizon.

You're a better genetic engineer for you than anybody else is because when you do physical activity, when you avoid toxins, when you eat healthy foods, your choices, stress management, the most important, you change which of your genes are on.

This is the Great Age Reboot.

♪ On April 3, 1513, Ponce de León landed on the coast of Florida, seeking the fountain of youth.

We now know that the fountain of youth is not a place.

It is you.

Take a journey with us that starts with the impressive research we have found taking place that ensures the opportunity for longer, healthier years with beneficial financial implications.

Over the last 150 years, life expectancy on average has increased from about 42 to 78 in a relatively straight-line fashion of about two-and-a-half-year gain every decade or ten years.

Women, the upper line here, always live about three years longer than men.

Initially, the expansion in life expectancy was due to improvements in sanitation and infant health and later in the management of chronic disease like high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart valve disease.

But we're about to get a huge 30-year exponential jump in the next decade.

You're likely to be able to live longer and younger than ever before.

This exponential jump is due to the exponential progress in mechanisms of aging research.

Pick your age here.

Say you are 55, and your life expectancy was 74 when you were born.

It's now 82, and we expect it to be closer to 115.

But you'll be a lot younger than today's 115-year-olds are.

♪ In 2020, headlines swirled around the health story of the year, probably the health story of the decade.

By early 2021, the federal government reported that the pandemic had decreased life expectancy by over a year in the course of less than months, from 78.8 years in 2019 to 77.8 years in 2020.

But while any drop in longevity feels concerning, the headlines are actually a bit misleading.

The next 5, 10, and 20 years will see explosive growth in physical, mechanical, and technologic advances, changes that will extend our healthy life span and most likely double our prime years.

But what will increased longevity do to society?

The technological, medical advances to come will have sweeping implications for societal changes and personal economics.

Society in the developed world has taught us that about 65, were supposed to retire.

Wrong.

We're living much longer than that.

If you're living much longer than 65, the average age is 80, and many people live past 90.

And in 2050, you'll probably live to 115.

You're not gonna want to do nothing, reading magazines or watching TV for 50 years.

At the age of 76, if you're healthy and cognitively functioning physically and financially okay, then those next years can be some of your most productive.

You can live at the top of your curve till near the end and use that period-- the wisdom you've gained, the connections you've made, the relationships, the phone list you have-- to be the most productive.

So as opposed to people thinking you're useless as you get older, no!

If you're cognitively intact and have that wisdom and those contacts, you get to do more and more better for society and for those you care about than you ever could when you were younger.

We're here at the Cleveland Clinic Center for Immunology and the Center for Precision Oncology.

One chair, Dr. Timothy Chan.

That's who we're gonna meet.

He's one of the foremost immunologists in the world, and he studies what can be done to keep the immune system young as we get older.

Let's go meet him.

♪ Dr. Chan, what a privilege.

CHAN: Hi.

How are you?

Good to see you.

ROIZEN: Great.

What are you working on?

CHAN: Well, right now I'm working on some T cells, uh, and this is a flow cytometer, and it allows us to separate all the different types of immune cells in the blood.

ROIZEN: Does it separate one T cell from the beta cell or from the B cells?

CHAN: It does.

It does.

That's exactly right.

So the flow cytometer allows us to take blood and separate out all the different components in the blood into the different parts of the immune system, uh, at which we are looking for different defects as we age.

ROIZEN: And so with aging, what happens?

CHAN: So, as we age, there are fewer total numbers of T cells, and some of those T cells can behave in a weaker way to infection.

And we're interested in understanding why that is.

ROIZEN: I'd like to learn more about the immune system and how to keep it young as we age.

CHAN: Absolutely.

Immunology is the study of the immune system, and the immune system is basically the system of cells and biological processes in our own bodies and in other organisms as well that is present to help fight off disease and injury.

We have a very diverse immune system.

That immune system is a product of the genes that we inherit.

Therefore, your immune system may be different than my immune system.

People's genetic predisposition to fight off certain things may be different depending on what your ethnic group and where the environment has shaped the evolution of your forefathers.

As we get older, what happens is our immune systems start to decline.

Our cells age.

Also, we are infected with certain other viruses and certain other insults that start exhausting our total repertoire, our total body of T cells, of these sentinels.

In other words, it's harder to teach an older dog new tricks.

The second process that occurs as we get older is that there's inflammation, bad inflammation that happens in different organs.

This chronic inflammation sort of turns off the immune system.

That can lead to cancer, and that can lead to different types of disease, like heart disease, atherosclerosis that causes strokes, and dementia and so forth.

It's a combination of these two things that actually cause the immune system to be less effective as we age.

So, diet and exercise generally has a healthy effect on the entire body.

It's well known that if you actually remain active, there's something about the body that maintains the activity of the nervous system.

There is now quite a bit of documentation that fasting can lead to either longer or more robust periods when one ages.

Provided that fasting is done in a very healthy manner and you're getting your normal nutrients that you need, it is restricting the amount of all these bumps in glucose that happen that can cause your system to go out of whack and cause diabetes and other types of things.

It's not a cure, but it's one of those long-term perspectives and lifestyle changes that can really make a difference.

♪ ROIZEN: So, what if we could replace organs by printing new ones?

What if we could reprogram our dying cells to be youthful ones?

What if we could rewrite our DNA to lead to a healthier future?

The Center for Regenerative Medicine at Wake Forest University, Team Winston won the prize for being able to make a functional human liver by 3D printing it.

We 3D print airline wings.

We 3D print a lot of plastic now.

But imagine if we could take your genome, knowing it from other studies, and 3D print any organ in your body.

We now know we can print bones and jaws and even tracheas, maybe even a new spine, but certainly the complex organ of a liver, it does synthesis, it does excretion.

We're getting much better at this, and it's happening fast.

In 2030, 90 could be the new 40.

Old age wouldn't be... well, old.

The Great Age Reboot is coming, and it's coming fast.

Now is the time to prepare for the crucial decisions that will come with it and for the youth and joy that will be yours to achieve.

Major medical advances that are coming soon and fast-- stem cells without immunogenicity, that's part of the future.

Imagine you're growing stem cells in culture.

If I have to take it from my bone marrow and then grow it for over months, that's pretty impractical in a one at a time.

But if I could take a young person's stem cells for the heart, take away the immunogenicity, and grow up new heart cells, I could inject them into you.

So one of the advantages of stem cells without immunogenicity is we can mass-produce them and make them inexpensive.

EVA FELDMAN: The future has never been so bright.

You know, in a day, we can begin to create new organs.

We can do complete gene editing.

We can do complete genetics of an individual.

So, the forefront is just incredibly exciting.

It's never been this way in science before, and I only see it even becoming more exciting and growing even better.

When it comes to the future of brain health and new neuroscience that's occurring, there's a great deal of interest in tissue regenerations, especially using brain organoids.

So we can now take a single stem cell and turn that stem cell into what's known as a mini brain in the dish, in tissue culture.

Those mini brains can be used to screen drugs that could be used to treat Alzheimer's disease.

It's a really exciting new forefront of science.

♪ EFRATI: This is the entrance to what we call the suites.

This real suite, it's now the chamber.

ROIZEN: It's beautiful.

EFRATI: Yeah, yeah, indeed.

Indeed.

♪ So, how we can target the age-related functional decline.

Let's trigger our body to stimulate stem cells.

The most powerful trigger in our body for stem cells proliferation is hypoxia, is lack of oxygen.

When there is hypoxia, there are signals that call the stem cell and tell the stem cell, "Hey, my friends, we have hypoxia.

It means that we have damage.

Start to proliferate."

However--so we can do it.

Yeah, you can take a person, hold his breath, stop his heartbeat.

He will have hypoxia, and the stem cells will proliferate.

There is only one problem.

This is not healthy.

We said, okay, if that's the case, let's play.

Let's trick the body.

What we will do, we will increase the oxygen to very high level and then do a fast decline and then up and down again.

And that's what we are doing in the chamber.

It's not hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

It's fluctuation that we generate.

So, people are going, sitting inside the chamber, we are compressing the chamber to two atmospheres and giving the oxygen by mask.

When you are at two atmospheres with the oxygen by mask, 100 percent oxygen, the oxygen in the blood is increasing from 100 mercuries to 1,700.

At this level, the amount of oxygen that we have is sufficient for all the energy demand of the body.

We don't need red blood cells.

So, the oxygen can be delivered either to location where the red blood cells cannot go.

This is one thing.

And then we ask them to take the mask off.

What happen when you're taking the mask off, the oxygen is declining from very high to the normal.

This decline from very high to the normal is being interpreted by the body as hypoxia, as lack of oxygen, even though you have extra oxygen.

This is what we call the hyperoxic-hypoxic paradox.

Stem cells start to proliferate.

You start to generate new blood vessels.

We are evaluating his biological age, meaning we are doing evaluation of the brain function, cognitive tests, high-resolution MRI with functional MRI, with DTI, with perfusion MRI.

We are evaluating your cardiopulmonary capabilities, doing maximal exercising, cardiac function, lung function, physical performance function.

Okay?

In addition to that, we are doing as a standard a full DNA analysis.

We are evaluating the telomere length, the senescencing.

Everything is evaluated.

Based on this, we decide if you are suitable for our program, yes or not.

You have to be dedicated because this is a state of mind, and if you are suitable, you will go into the program, and three months afterwards, we are doing reevaluation, No discussion.

Look at your brain.

This is before.

This is after.

Everything is measurable, just like treating blood pressure, you cannot do without measuring the blood pressure.

Also, with regard to aging, you have to measure it in order to treat it.

And by doing that, we can actually target in to generate a dementia-free society.

MICHAEL WEST: The biology of aging has been a mystery not only for the world of science, but for, potentially for mankind, for as far back as we can think in human history.

We age because our cells age.

We're a conglomeration of trillions of independently living cells.

And buried within each cell is the DNA, the blueprint of life.

And within the DNA are clocking mechanisms that, in a sense, tell the cell how old it is.

We now understand the biological basis of immortality.

And what I mean by that is there are some cells in the human body that escape the aging process.

There are keys that wind the clock.

We found the genes for the key that can rewind the clock of cellular aging back to the beginning of life.

We literally can take genes, express them in aged cells, and transport those aged cells back in time, back to a more youthful state, reversing the aging of those cells, because aging in our bodies is caused by the aging of the cells within our bodies.

This means that we believe that it's very possible, even in the lifetime of many of us now living, that these technologies could reverse the aging process in the human body, probably initially starting with the aging of particular tissues in the body, you know, like the aging of our retinas that cause age-related macular degeneration or the aging of the cartilage in our joints that cause osteoarthritis, but eventually the whole body as well.

The potential implications for all this, for medicine, for the lives of our loved ones, one can barely calculate.

It's going to be one of the largest revolutions in the history of medicine, in the history of gerontology, and potentially in the history of mankind.

ROIZEN: So, when I was a young kid, there was, in fact, the IBM 360.

It took a full room, room bigger than this room for just the computer.

Now we have much more power on our wrists.

When I was young, there were these cartoons of Dick Tracy talking on his phone through his wrist.

And you said, this is ridiculous, right?

And it happened!

And they've really improved our lives.

That's the change.

And it's happening so fast in medicine.

I grew up with radio, and you had to plug it in, and you gathered around it to listen to shows.

And then there was black and white TV.

We couldn't imagine 3D TV.

We couldn't imagine color TV.

We couldn't imagine taking color TV with us in a car.

All of these things which we couldn't imagine 50 years ago because we think linearly, are now happening.

There will be an enormous effect of the decrease in death rates.

Yes, fewer people than expected will die in the next three decades.

That means our population will increase by over 100 million.

This will foster great growth of the economy and allow you to live longer and better.

You will be the one who can take advantage of all this progress.

EFRATI: So, we are privileged as a society, as a Western society, to reach a point where more and more of our colleagues are privileged not to die from cardiac attack.

We can do cardiac catheterization.

We can do bypass.

We have good treatment for cancer.

So more and more people are privileged to reach that point.

This is the number-one frontier of our Western society.

It's a whole new economy.

At the age of 65, we are sending people home.

No, this is, this is disaster.

Once we are solving, and this is why we are targeting the age-related functional decline, amazing things can happen.

People who are above the age of 65, fully functioning, huge amount of life experience without the boundary of the biology, they can bring so much good.

We cannot even think what will-- If I'm looking at myself, 52, the amount of knowledge and the life experience that I have today, it's unbelievable, higher than what I had at the age of 20.

So not taking for granted anymore the age-related functional decline, still get the benefit of the life experience and the knowledge that you get along life.

This is a new human species.

We can do so much good and so many things.

It's gonna be amazing.

ROIZEN: So, what does all of this mean?

How will these technological changes, these medical changes, influence your body?

How will they affect our society and economy?

Will you be able to afford to live until 130 years old?

That's next on the Great Age Reboot.

♪ ROIZEN: Besides health, the second thing that scares us about longevity is running out of money.

Will you have saved and invested wisely enough if we live decades longer than we imagined when we were young?

What are the implications of the Great Age Reboot for your finances?

And how can you make this new way of life most advantageous for you?

Albert Ratner is an expert in population economics, and at 94 years old, something of a longevity expert himself, not to mention quite the Ping-Pong player.

He always asks for points, but I try never to give them to him.

[ball bouncing] ALBERT RATNER: There's certain things you can do at any age.

You can swim.

You can play Ping-Pong.

And if you can find somebody like Michael that you can constantly beat, it makes it more fun.

I hit it right to him, and he couldn't catch it.

Ping-Pong is a street game.

You're not a street guy.

You're a fancy pants guy.

What chance do you have?

ROIZEN: He's 94.

He wants me to give him our age differential, 18 points per game.

I don't think I should.

RATNER: He cheats when he plays, so I have to keep track of every single point, and it keeps my mind young.

[ball bouncing] ROIZEN: Albert Ratner is really an expert on demography, and as we indicated, the Great Age Reboot has the likelihood of changing population projections dramatically.

RATNER: You have a lot more people than you had, and if they're productive in a world in which you have fewer people coming up, which is what's happening, lower birth rate, not robust immigration, what happens is we don't have enough workers.

Look at what's happening now.

So the first benefit that you get is you get the benefit of more productivity, which gives you more GDP, which allows you to do more things.

That's the first benefit it gives you.

The second benefit that it gives you is the knowledge base is so much more.

Everybody says whatever you do, there's a learning curve.

Well, there's a learning curve in life, too.

And the people that I know that have been my peers are better today than they ever were when they were the CEO of their businesses, because they know so much more and they know so more people.

The key to it, it's not living to 100.

It's what you've learned along the way to get there.

So a part of all this, the biggest change that's gonna happen, you're gonna have a lot more people a lot smarter with a lot more experience than we have today.

They keep talking about Generation X, Y, Z.

Forget all of that stuff.

Start talking about the people.

Look at the age of where people are today.

So hopefully we're gonna have better knowledge and better understanding.

But one thing is for sure, we're gonna have a very different economy.

Over this period of time, there will be an increase of about 6 percent of people 39 and younger, that there will be about a 26 percent increase of people that are 79 and younger and a 550 percent increase in people that are 80 and over.

What the reboot does, it takes that group of people who now are totally discards and puts them back into the working generation, because they'll be working for a living, they'll be volunteering for a living, they'll be around, they'll be taking care of their parents.

They'll boon all the wonderful things that we're doing, and the difference in GDP and in dollars income is absolutely enormous.

And it's this amount of money that can guarantee we can deal with income inequality, that people could live happy lives, and we can have a better world.

ROIZEN: Dr. Peter Linneman is an emeritus professor at the Wharton School of Business.

He runs his own financial consulting firm, and he's one of the preeminent, maybe the preeminent, real estate economist.

LINNEMAN: When I grew up, people didn't work till they were 70.

They were dead by the time they were 70.

When I'm born in 1951, the life expectancy of a male was something like 66 years, okay?

Not only am I alive and working and productive, hopefully productive, at, at age 71, three-quarters of the males that were born that year are still alive.

You go, "Well, that can't be without tremendous change."

Not only do they get more time with their families, not only do they get more time with their grandchildren, not only do they get intergenerational connections and social connections, they produced.

So, we're back up to having 22 percent of the people 65 and older, are working, are working.

And surveys show the reason they're working is because they want to.

They feel they're contributing.

They want income.

They want connectivity.

They're producing.

You as an individual have to step up and take responsibility and understand what it means to live 20, 30, 40, 50 years longer, healthy, not just on your deathbed for 20 or 30 or 40 years.

Healthy.

Well, if everybody thought they would die tomorrow, maybe you all go out and you buy an ice cream sundae and you have a blowout and you have a great time and say, "I don't care.

Maybe I even end up in debt.

To hell.

Let my inheritors deal with that."

Right?

You can't do that if you think you're gonna live 30, 40, 50, 60 years more.

You have to save.

It's that simple.

You have to save.

And so whereas Mike would tell you you have to keep your body in shape, your mind in shape, I would say you've got to keep your financial health in shape.

And it's very simple.

It really is very simple.

Save.

Defer consuming now.

One of the things I've always felt is people say, "Savings, I don't want to save."

And I say, "All you're saying is you don't want to consume later."

That's all you're saying.

Savings is nothing more than consuming later.

And if there's a lot of laters, you got to save to be prepared for it.

So these things obviously affect the economy.

And one of the things that the research tends to show is there are always problems in the economy.

And you know what?

We survive.

You could have made a litany in 1940, '50, '60, '70, '80, '90.

Every year of my life, there's a litany of things that are horrible, absolutely horrible.

But the next word isn't "therefore," the next word is "and in spite of."

And in spite of, the economy prevails.

In spite of, humans prevail.

Your savings will survive as long as you don't panic.

Panic is never a good thing in life.

Don't panic financially.

Don't panic with your business.

Don't panic with your life.

And in fact, one of the big things is try to avoid panic.

You know, when you're about to panic, oh, no, deep breathe, deep breathe, deep breathe, calm down, it'll be fine.

That's true about the world economy.

You know, you hear a lot of stuff about economics, and most of it you hear on the television you don't understand because they're trying not to be understood.

They're trying to impress you with how complicated it all is.

And it really isn't that complicated.

It's pretty simple.

Why do oil prices go up?

Oil prices go up because supply gets short and demand gets high.

And that's true in lots of stuff.

And you'll hear a lot of people say, "Oh, we can't afford all these people.

We can't afford."

Well, of course we can afford.

We will continue to have economic growth.

You look at the data, and you see we've had economic growth my entire life.

And how do we pay for it?

We pay for it not only because we get richer, but we pay for it because we remain productive.

We don't lose our productive capacity.

Not only can we afford it, we can't afford not to have people live longer.

♪ ROIZEN: Jean Chatzky is one of the nation's leading financial journalists.

She's going to add her thoughts on how you can prepare for the next decades.

CHATZKY: When you ask people about their biggest retirement fear, it is running out of money before they run out of time.

And that fear is there for a very, very good reason.

So, there are strategies that you can use to make the money last.

Waiting to take social security is a very important strategy.

Maximizing your social security benefit, which for most people means waiting as long as possible to start tapping it.

Converting a chunk of the income that you saved for retirement into an annuity that is large enough to cover your fixed expenses is another important strategy because our parents and our grandparents, they had pensions to supplement social security.

Very few of us have those anymore.

I'm a big fan of sitting down with a financial advisor, even if it's just for a "Am I on the right track?"

sort of meeting five to ten years out from retirement just to make sure the train is heading in the right direction.

Family caregivers spend an average of $7,000 out of their own pocket every single year to take care of the people that they love.

And I think it's important for all of us to think about how we want to set up our own financial lives so that when we get older, when we get to the point where our health is on the wane, um, we are providing those people who are likely to care for us with the tools and the resources and the plan that they need to do it as we want, but also in the way that makes their lives as easy as possible.

The more time you have on this earth, the more preparing that you have to do in order to be ready to provide for yourself during those years.

Just as the science of aging is changing in real time, the moves that you have to make financially in order to keep up with them are changing in real time.

Compounding is making money on your money.

It's, if you think about it in very simple terms, it's what they call the time value of money.

You put your money to work.

You put $100 to work, it earns 10 percent, so the next year, you have $110.

It earns 10 percent.

So you're earning on your earnings.

And the more you can do that, the more time that you spend doing that, the better off you're going to be.

One of the things that's coming down the line quickly in the next few decades is a huge transfer of wealth.

$41 trillion in intergenerational wealth is expected to change hands in the next few decades.

The lion's share of that money is actually gonna flow to women because women will inherit twice, will inherit not just from our parents, but will inherit from those spouses that we outlive.

And it's important to prepare your heirs for the fact that they will be getting these resources, getting this money.

It's also important to be intentional about how you pass it along.

It doesn't have to happen at death.

If you've got plenty of resources, there's a lot to be said for helping your children or your grandchildren or your causes while you're alive so that you can see the enjoyment that they actually get from the gift that you're giving them.

There are things that are not within your control.

We can't control the markets.

We can't control interest rates.

We can't control inflation.

But we can control what percentage of our money we save.

We can control when we decide to downsize so that we can save more.

We can control how long, in many cases, we continue to work.

We can control the fact that we've put a plan in place and we are now going through the process of step-by-stepping our way through that plan in order to get us where we want to go.

I think it's all about being intentional when it comes to your money and knowing that a good plan goes a very long way.

I think it's important that, that you reboot your financial skills, but you also reboot your technical skills along the way.

We are not the sort of digital natives that our children and our grandchildren are, and we don't need to expect ourselves to be, but we do need to be able to participate.

And so what that means is finding the young people in your life who can help you maneuver your way through all of these challenges and who have the patience to teach you what you need to know.

ROIZEN: Now, we have looked at some of the exponential gains in aging mechanisms research and the effect they have on human life and the financial benefits brought about by this research.

Now, how do you become the fountain of youth that Ponce de León was seeking?

Living longer, healthier, and financially secure-- it's what we all want.

So, how can we go about building a better body so that we can experience the effects of this great opportunity?

What steps must we take today to prepare for the changes of tomorrow?

That's next on the Great Age Reboot.

♪ ROIZEN: What will the Great Age Reboot mean for you as you prepare some of the specific systems in your body for rebooting?

What does it mean to self engineer your heart, your brain, your immune system, and your overall lifestyle?

Self engineering is what you do.

You may not have gone to MIT or Caltech, but you're a better genetic engineer for you than anybody else is.

♪ When you're in the intensive care unit, you soon learn that patients could do something to help themselves avoid the intensive care unit and avoid those injuries and infections and other diseases.

And that's when I learned about preventive medicine and the value of staying healthy all the time.

Avoid preventable disease, and 80 percent of disease is preventable now.

CHAN: Living a healthy lifestyle, exercising, undergoing a very strict low-carb diet along with a daily activity routine.

I try to make sure I limit my glucose intake, getting plenty of sleep, which we know are, is necessary.

Sleep is involved for regeneration of the brain.

That's been shown now, right?

Cleaning out all the toxins from neurotransmitters at night.

There are a number of different therapeutic options that people are looking at.

Some of them are designed to stop the misfolded proteins that build up in Alzheimer's disease.

They're designing now T cells, immune cells, that specifically recognize the bad proteins that actually build up in Alzheimer's and utilizing that to clear away the scar tissues that are there.

There are other types of targeted molecules that are designed to limit the buildup of those molecules, of those tendrils, as they're called, to try to slow down the effective decline from Alzheimer's disease.

When I think about the different types of processes going on in the brain, it really is true that how you live today will determine how you age tomorrow, because how you live your life today will determine what you have to work with as you age.

And there's nothing where that is more relevant than in the immune system.

ROIZEN: While science will show incredible advances when it comes to extending and improving life, the fact is we can't rely on everybody else to do the work.

We now know that your actions, when you do physical activity, you self engineer yourself to be younger.

When you choose the right foods, when you manage stress, you change which of your genes are on and which are off so that the healthy genes that let you live longer and let you live healthier and let you live with more vibrancy and fun, you get to turn those on as you get older or at any time by your choices.

You get to govern how on or off many of your genes are.

That's what self engineering is.

When you do physical activity and stress a muscle, you turn on the gene from that muscle that makes a small protein, irisin.

That irisin is small enough to get across your blood-brain barrier and to increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which makes your hippocampus bigger.

That's the only organ in the body where size matters.

Getting that big hippocampus gives you better memory, better cognitive function for the rest of your life.

If you're an aging member of society, and all of us are after birth, there are many things you can do to stay younger longer.

When you help your heart, you're actually helping your brain and your immune system.

They all work harmoniously together, even your muscles and your joints.

So when you choose something that helps one, you're helping all of you.

Flossing your teeth, seeing a dental professional every four or six months, it decreases inflammation.

Doing exercise, that helps your brain.

It releases a small gene that turns on in your muscles.

Doing stress management, that helps everything.

Having friends and purpose.

Yes, that's a great one.

Even eating nuts.

Just that little choice.

An ounce a day.

A half a tablespoon of extra virgin olive oil a day, those help your heart, help your brain, help your joints.

And there are other things.

You want skin protection.

You don't want the sun to age you unnecessarily.

And by the way, as we get older, we absorb less vitamin D from the sun and from our food, so you may have to take a supplement.

Get your levels measured and decide what you have to do.

A really important choice is to avoid simple carbohydrates, added syrups, and added sugar.

What do they do?

They make your cells inflammatory.

They increase heart disease, stroke, memory loss.

Yeah, dementia, cancer.

Eat only complex carbohydrates, and sugar is the key evil that feeds cancer, that feeds dementia, that feeds inflammation, that increases heart disease and stroke, increases kidney disease, increases problems in your joints and muscles.

So you want to feel better in the morning, get rid of inflammation by avoiding simple sugars.

♪ You can have the best body in the world, but if your hobby is aggressive downhill ski racing, your risks of accidentally severely hurting yourself before the Great Age Reboot happens increases.

Millions struggle by making these avoidable mistakes or unforced errors.

Or if your daily diet looks like a page ripped out of a fast food menu, this will for sure make it difficult for you to embrace the future of the Great Age Reboot.

How you live today will determine how you age tomorrow.

How will you prepare for the intersection between what the medical community can do for you and how you can save yourself?

BABAK TOUSI: You know, it's usually someone like a daughter or son that says, "Hey, you know, dementia runs in my family.

What can I do to prevent it from getting worse or it happening to me?"

There are some certain ways we can change aside from exercise that, you know, we talk about it briefly, but diet can affect us.

What we eat kind of interprets what we're gonna be down the road in some respect.

The other way I would say, um, that basic cognitive stimulation matters.

All right?

So I'm not saying doing the same crossword puzzle every day of your life.

Learning new instrument matters.

Even some people say painting and pottery.

It's the new skills.

You have to learn new skills that include learning-- Dancing actually is a joyful activity, but also you learn some new skills, and that way still matters.

Learning a new language is very challenging.

And I don't expect people like, you know, become fluent in learning a second language, but the fact you try and force your brain to learn something new can help.

Anything that stimulates our brain can help with that.

There are, of course, there are many games out there.

And new games, they force you to learn new techniques, new strategies, and again, going back to the plasticity of the brain and forcing new connections, you know, developing new connections and networks in the brain, that would help.

FELDMAN: I am an aging baby boomer, and I know what I believe I must do every day for my own brain health.

So the three most critical things one can do to keep a healthy brain is you exercise, you have a really healthy Mediterranean-type diet, and you sleep very regularly, at least six to eight hours a night.

You know, your brain is hardwired.

It's not really completely hardwired.

Those connections can change, and when those connections in your brain change, that actually keeps your brain healthier.

So one way to change those connections is to try to learn something new.

I've decided I'm going to learn how to play the piano.

Now, I'm not good at it, but I'm hoping I'm forming new connections in my brain that's going to keep my brain healthier.

So another example is I'm also trying to do some new exercises.

I'm not particularly good at them, the Zumba-type exercises, but I'm getting both exercise, and then I'm learning new movements, so I'm creating new connections in my brain.

So anything you can do that's new and novel, it introduces into your brain what are really new wires and connections, and that's what's gonna keep your brain healthy.

What neuroplasticity is is when you rewire your brain, and the way to keep your brain healthy is to keep it plastic and to keep rewiring it.

And you do that by learning new ideas, by trying new things.

If you don't know how to ride a bike, go ride a bike.

If you've ridden a bike your whole life, try to ride it backwards.

Just do something different.

Instead of walking forwards, try to walk backwards.

Be careful, don't fall.

But do those types of things to keep your aging brain young.

EFRATI: There will be people who will be willing to invest in their health, and when I'm saying invest, it's not only money investment.

I want you to take the carbs out from the diet, the sugar.

Okay?

I want you to do intermittent fasting.

I want you to exercise.

It's your choice to do it, yes or not.

But the ones who will do that, and in addition to that will get the benefit from the high end that we are doing, they will have an unbelievable edge compared to the rest.

It's a state of mind.

You have to choose.

You are going into a generation, or you don't care and you're going into degeneration.

ROIZEN: So, if you don't want to have pain, if you don't want to be disabled, If you don't want your loved ones to have to care for you, it's important for you and it's important so you can care for them.

You can be around for them and be the guide you want to be and be the caregiver you want to be.

And if it ain't important to you for those reasons, just think about society, because by your staying healthy, and if everyone else does that, then in fact we can spend more money on the social programs we care about and caring for those people who really need it.

So it's important for your quality of life, your length of life, your vibrancy of life, and it's important for all of those around you because they care that you're going to be healthy.

I'm 76 years of age, but my real age, that's the physiologic age of my body.

My real age is 57.

So I'm about 20 years younger than my calendar age, and that's the joy.

♪ ♪ The process of rebooting is a three-legged stool.

Leg 1: Advancing medical knowledge and treatment that can keep us healthier longer.

EFRATI: There is the aging economy, is how we prevent them from going down functionality.

Because if somebody is going down functionality and is becoming debilitated, this is a huge burden not only for him, for everybody who is around him.

When somebody, for example, have Alzheimer, it's not only him going down.

Wife, children, everybody goes down with him.

And this is the frontier.

This is the real frontier.

And once we define this as the frontier, then people like me have the legitimacy to target it with all of my resources.

We're gonna hit it, we're gonna hit it hard, but I'm feeling confident in doing that because this is the real frontier, and that's what we need to tackle.

ROIZEN: Leg 2: Ensuring economic security.

LINNEMAN: Ask your employer, "Do you have a savings plan?

Am I in it?"

And save the maximum you're allowed to save under that because employers usually add on to it, depending on how much you have.

That's number one.

Second, try to save five to ten percent of your income beyond that.

You know, you're 50 years old.

Try to save five percent.

And there's an old thing called the rule of 72.

It's amazingly accurate.

The rule of 72 is if you divide 72 by the rate of return you expect to get, that tells you the number of years it takes to double your money.

CHATZKY: Dr. Roizen talks about self engineering physically.

I'd argue you can self engineer an awful lot when it comes to your finances.

How you save and spend and invest today determines the quality of life that you're going to be able to have tomorrow.

It determines whether you'll be able to have a comfortable retirement or whether you'll struggle, whether you're gonna be landlocked in your environment or whether you'll be able to travel the world.

It determines your access to health care in, in many ways.

We know that health and wealth are inextricably linked at this point.

And the good news is that it's never too late to start.

ROIZEN: And the third leg of the reboot stool-- Ultimately, your decision making, your free will.

Will you serve as your pilot in achieving a healthier and stronger brain and body?

LINNEMAN: Self engineer, self engineer, self engineer.

You control about 80 percent of your DNA, where it's at at a moment in time.

You control it by what you eat, you control it by do you manage stress, you control it by how you interact with others, you control it by exercise.

You have a tremendous ability to engineer your own DNA day to day, week to week, month to month.

RATNER: Your happiness and joy is dependent on who you know and who you call and you can talk to.

In the work that I do, the only time I fail is when I don't know who to call.

And that's what it's all about.

It's all about these various connections, these affinity groups.

That's what life is.

Life is not a single person.

Life is a community.

ROIZEN: We may not end up with one magic pill or one-stop shop for living younger longer, but all of these advances combined will contribute to a 360-degree approach to longevity.

You never know what new technology or development will be the one that will save or change your life and help you be younger today and down the road.

Will you prepare to stay younger longer by extending your good years?

The decisions are yours to make as we stand on the brink of the Great Age Reboot.

♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ANNOUNCER: Funding for this program is provided by... ANNOUNCER: After more than 130 years, we remain a human institution serving human needs.

Families look to us to help secure their financial future.

We are Western & Southern Financial Group.

♪ ♪