[upbeat music] - Hi, friends, my name is Cassondra and these are my helpers.

- Noel.

- And Emery.

- And we're here today to do a fun science experiment with you.

Today, we are going to be learning a little bit more about shadows.

Friends at home, have you ever noticed your shadow before?

What about you, Noel and Emery?

Have you ever noticed your shadow or maybe something else making a shadow before?

- Yeah, I have.

- Where did you notice that?

- When I was walking.

- When you were walking!

What about you, Noel, have you ever noticed a shadow before?

- Sometimes when I'm holding a drink, my drink's shadow will be next to mine.

- Oh, wow!

Okay, great.

So today we are going to be learning some more about shadows.

Now I don't know if you've ever noticed it before or not, but shadows sometimes look dark, and sometimes they look like a light shadow.

And today we're going to be learning about why that happens.

So in order to make a shadow, we're going to need a couple things.

One thing we're going to need is a light source.

So for our experiment, we're going to be using this lamp as our light source.

If you try this experiment at home, you might be able to use a lamp, if you ask a trusted adult to help you.

Or maybe you could use a flashlight, or maybe just the light in your room.

You'll also need some items that can block the light.

Now today we're going to be learning about two different kinds of items.

One kind of item, like this cup here is called transparent.

This cup here is transparent.

Can you try to say that word, transparent.

- [Children] Transparent.

- Good job, transparent.

So we're going to be using some items that are transparent like this cup.

And a transparent item is going to make a light shadow.

And it does that because when the light goes into this transparent item, a lot of the light still comes through.

So it will make a shadow, but it will be light.

You might say that a transparent item is see-through.

When I look through the cup, I can still see you, friends at home.

I can still see you.

This transparent item is see-through.

You could also say that it is clear.

So this transparent item lets a lot of the light through.

And we're going to see how it makes a light shadow.

Should we show our friends at home how it makes a light shadow?

- [Children] Yeah.

- Yeah?

Could you go turn off the lights for us?

All right, friends at home, we're going to put this transparent item under the lampshade so that you can see the shadow.

Noel and Emery, can you see the shadow?

- [Children] Yes!

- Can you see it, friends at home?

Do you see how that looks light?

Do you see how it looks light, the shadow?

- [Noel] Yeah, it looks like an outline.

- Looks like an outline, that's a good point.

Now look at this item instead.

Does this one look different?

- [Noel] It looks like just the whole item, it isn't an outline, it's like thick, it's the whole thing.

- You can see the whole thing, exactly.

So this item here... Look at the difference, do they look different?

- [Noel] Yeah, they're changing.

- Look very different.

Do you see that, friends at home?

Okay, can you turn the lights back on for a minute?

Thank you.

So this cup is called opaque.

Can you try to say that, opaque.

- [Children] Opaque.

- Good job.

Opaque.

This cup is opaque.

If I try to look through this cup, I can't see you.

This cup is opaque, and opaque means that when the light goes through, the item blocks the light.

And that makes the shadow look dark, because the light is not coming through this time, so the shadow will look dark.

So that is an opaque item.

I'm gonna put the word opaque over here, and there is a picture of what it looks like when we have an opaque item.

So now for your experiment, we are going to be using some different items, and we are going to try to figure out if the item is transparent or if it is opaque based on looking at the shadow.

So if it is transparent, what kind of shadow would we expect to see?

What will it look like?

Will it be dark or will it be light?

- It will be- - Light.

- Light.

- The transparent shadow will look light, and then if the item is opaque, will the shadow look light or dark?

- Dark.

- It'll look dark, yep.

Okay, so we're gonna take a look at the shadows that these items made, and we'll try to figure out is the item transparent or is the item opaque, and then we'll try to figure out what the item is.

Are you ready?

- [Children] Yeah.

- Yeah?

Okay, are you ready, friends at home?

All right, so Noel and Emery, could you go and turn off the lights again?

All right, and just stand right over here, so that you can see our shadows.

All right, so I am going to get an item here, now no peaking, close your eyes.

All right, I'm going to put my item in here.

Okay, take a look, can you see my shadow?

- [Children] Yes.

- Friends at home, can you see it?

Does this item look like it is probably transparent, making a light shadow, or opaque, making a dark shadow?

- [Emery] Opaque.

- [Cassondra] You think it's opaque?

- Yeah, I think it's opaque, because it isn't just an outline.

- Oh, so what do you think this item is?

- I think it's a fork.

- A fork, you're right.

Did you get that, friends at home?

That one is opaque, and it was a fork.

Let's try another one.

Close your eyes.

All right, let's try this one.

And go ahead and look.

What about this shadow?

- I think it's transparent.

- What do you think, Emery, transparent?

- [Emery] Yeah.

- Oh, you're right.

Do you know what it is?

- [Emery] I think it's a jar, like a salt jar.

- Oh, wow, you're right.

It was, it's a salt shaker and it is transparent.

Did you notice it had a light shadow?

- Yeah, I noticed it had an outline.

- Okay, close your eyes, let's try another one.

Okay, look.

Tell me about this shadow.

- I think that's opaque.

- [Emery] Opaque.

- How did you know it's opaque?

- Because there's not like an outline, it's the whole thing.

- You see the whole thing.

And what do you think it is?

- I think it's a pair of scissors.

- Scissors, you're right!

Did you get that, friends at home?

They're scissors and they're opaque.

Should we try one more?

- [Children] Yes!

- Okay, great, let's try one more.

Close your eyes.

Okay, look.

- I think that's transparent.

- I think it's transparent.

- Transparent?

How did you know that?

- 'Cause it's an outline.

- It's an outline.

Do you see that, friends at home?

Do you see the outline?

- Yeah, it looks like a faint image of it.

- What do you think this is?

- A water bottle.

- A water bottle?

You're right!

Thank you.

Friends at home, thank you for joining us.

Can you turn on the lights?

Thank you so much for joining us for this experiment, friends at home.

If you try this at home, you could try to find some other items that are transparent or opaque.

Maybe for example, you could get a piece of paper, maybe you could get a plastic bag.

Think about it, is this one transparent or opaque?

What about this one?

What kind of shadow will they make?

Thanks so much for joining us today, friends.

- [All] Bye!